Lithium battery recovery method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium battery recovery method. The method comprises the following steps: performing traceability query on a lithium battery pack to be recovered; the lithium battery pack to be recycled is pretreated, and the lithium battery pack without electricity is obtained; disassembling the non-electric lithium battery pack and collecting battery fluid to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell, a battery cell and the battery fluid; treating and crushing the disassembled battery cell, and screening particles obtained by crushing to obtain different recoverable materials; cleaning and drying the cover plate and the battery shell, and then recycling; and treating the battery liquid to obtain the electrolyte combined salt. The lithium battery pack is disassembled to obtain different parts, and then the different parts are correspondingly recovered, so that the recovery efficiency is improved, and the recoverable parts can be better recovered; the recycling liquid generated by cleaning the battery cell is mixed with the battery liquid and then treated to obtain the electrolyte combined salt, so that the treatment steps are reduced, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, and in particular to a lithium battery recycling method. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are a common energy storage unit. With the rapid development of the technology industry and the attention paid to the green energy industry, the use of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices has also increased, and the demand for lithium batteries has grown day by day. Therefore, the recycling and reuse of discarded lithium batteries has become an urgent issue. Among them, because lithium batteries contain a variety of metal types and their usage specifications are not unified, there are difficulties and limitations in recycling and sorting.

[0003] However, the existing lithium battery recycling technology has the disadvantages of complex processing flow, low recycling efficiency, and high recycling cost, so we still need further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for recycling lithium batteries.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a lithium battery recycling method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Conduct source tracing for the lithium battery packs to be recycled; Step 2, pre-treating the lithium battery pack to be recycled to obtain a lithium battery pack without electricity; Step 3, disassembling the dead lithium battery pack and collecting the battery fluid to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell, a battery cell and battery fluid; Step 4, processing and crushing the disassembled battery cells, and screening the crushed particles to obtain different recyclables; Step 5, cleaning and drying the cover plate and the battery shell, and then recycling; Step 6, treating the battery liquid to obtain an electrolyte combination salt; Step 7, treating the pollutants generated in the above steps.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 2 includes the following sub-steps: Step 21, testing the lithium battery pack to be recycled by a battery pack testing system; Step 22, physically discharging the lithium battery pack.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 22 includes the following sub-steps: Step 221, placing the lithium battery pack in salt water for discharge to obtain a lithium battery pack without power.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 3 includes the following sub-steps: Step 31, disassembling the lithium battery pack from which the battery fluid has been separated using a lithium battery pack disassembling machine to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell and a battery cell.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 4 includes the following sub-steps: Step 41, disassembling the battery cell to obtain positive and negative electrode sheets and diaphragm materials; Step 42, pyrolyzing the positive and negative electrode sheets at high temperature, and washing and drying them after cooling; Step 43, placing the dried positive and negative electrode sheets into a grinder for grinding to obtain positive and negative electrode sheet particles; Step 44, sieving the obtained positive and negative electrode sheet particles separately to obtain recyclable materials of different elements.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 44 includes the following sub-steps: Step 441, magnetically separating the positive and negative electrode particles to remove recyclable iron elements therein; Step 442, screening the positive and negative electrode sheet particles to obtain positive electrode sheet particles and negative electrode sheet particles; Step 443: further screening the positive electrode sheet particles and the negative electrode sheet particles to obtain recyclables of different elements.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 6 includes the following sub-steps: Step 61, mixing the battery liquid with the cleaning liquid of the positive and negative electrode sheets obtained in step 42, and then performing low-temperature volatilization and high-temperature pyrolysis in sequence to obtain an electrolyte combination salt.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 7 includes the following sub-steps: Step 71, treating the tail gas generated in the above steps by an activated carbon adsorption device and an alkali solution spray tower.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By disassembling the lithium battery pack to obtain different parts, and then recycling the different parts accordingly, the recycling efficiency is improved, and the recyclable parts can be better recycled; 2. The recovered liquid generated by cleaning the battery cell is mixed with the battery liquid and then processed to obtain the electrolyte combination salt, which reduces the processing steps and improves the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of a lithium battery recycling method of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the lithium battery pack pretreatment method of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flow chart of the steps of discharging the lithium battery pack of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flow chart of the steps of disassembling a lithium battery pack and collecting battery fluid of the present invention; Figure 5 is a flow chart of the steps of cell processing and damage of the present invention; Figure 6 is a flow chart of the steps of screening the positive and negative electrode particles of the present invention; Figure 7 is a flow chart of the steps of obtaining electrolyte combination salt of the present invention; Figure 8 1 is a flow chart of the steps of pollutant treatment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0016] In the drawings, the same reference numerals all refer to the same components.

[0017] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a lithium battery recycling method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Conduct source tracing for the lithium battery packs to be recycled; In this embodiment, a traceability query system for the battery pack is used to perform a traceability query on the battery pack to query whether the battery pack is a lithium battery pack that meets the requirements and can be recycled.

[0018] Step 2, pre-treating the lithium battery pack to be recycled to obtain a lithium battery pack without electricity; In this embodiment, the surface of the lithium battery pack is cleaned, and then the lithium battery pack is tested with an insulation resistance tester and a multimeter, and the lithium battery packs with no power are selected and sent to the next step for processing, while the lithium battery packs with power are discharged through a discharger to become lithium battery packs with no power.

[0019] Step 3, disassembling the dead lithium battery pack and collecting the battery fluid to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell, a battery cell and a battery fluid; In this embodiment, the lithium battery pack is disassembled by a disassembly machine in cooperation with manual labor, and the battery liquid in the lithium battery is collected, and the disassembled lithium battery obtains a cover plate, a battery shell and a battery cell.

[0020] Step 4, processing and crushing the disassembled battery cells, and screening the crushed particles to obtain different recyclables; In this embodiment, the battery cells are cleaned and dried before being crushed, and the crushed particles are then air-selected to obtain different recyclables according to different qualities.

[0021] Step 5, cleaning and drying the cover plate and the battery shell, and then recycling; In this embodiment, the cleaned and dried cover plate and battery shell are shredded by a shredder and then recycled.

[0022] Step 6, treating the battery liquid to obtain an electrolyte combination salt; Step 7, treating the pollutants generated in the above steps.

[0023] Furthermore, step 2 includes the following sub-steps: Step 21, testing the lithium battery pack to be recycled by a battery pack testing system; In this embodiment, the battery panel testing system includes an insulation resistance tester and a multimeter to detect whether the lithium battery pack has a point.

[0024] Step 22, physically discharge the lithium battery pack.

[0025] In this embodiment, the lithium battery pack detected as charged is discharged.

[0026] Further, step 22 includes the following sub-steps: Step 221, placing the lithium battery pack in salt water for discharge to obtain a lithium battery pack without power.

[0027] In this embodiment, a charged lithium battery pack is placed in a water pool containing a NaCl solution for discharge, and the discharged lithium battery pack and the NaCl solution are recovered.

[0028] Furthermore, step 3 includes the following sub-steps: Step 31, disassembling the lithium battery pack from which the battery fluid has been separated using a lithium battery pack disassembling machine to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell and a battery cell.

[0029] In this embodiment, the cover plate of the lithium battery pack is first removed by a disassembly machine and manually, then the battery liquid in the lithium battery pack is collected, and finally the battery shell of the lithium battery pack is disassembled to obtain the battery shell and battery cells.

[0030] Furthermore, step 4 includes the following sub-steps: Step 41, disassembling the battery cell to obtain positive and negative electrode sheets and diaphragm materials; In this embodiment, the battery cells are disassembled to obtain the positive and negative electrode sheets and the diaphragm material, the diaphragm material is subjected to air separation, and then the diaphragm material is crushed again, and then the diaphragm material is screened by air separation to recover the recyclable substances on the diaphragm material; when processing the diaphragm material, it is also necessary to use an iron remover to remove iron from the diaphragm material.

[0031] Step 42, pyrolyzing the positive and negative electrode sheets at high temperature, and cleaning and drying them after cooling; In this embodiment, the positive and negative electrode sheets are pyrolyzed at a temperature of 400°C-500°C, and after pyrolysis, the positive and negative electrode sheets are cleaned, and the cleaning liquid is recovered, and then the positive and negative electrode sheets are dried at a temperature of 120°C-150°C for 30min-60min.

[0032] Step 43, placing the dried positive and negative electrode sheets into a grinder for grinding to obtain positive and negative electrode sheet particles; In this embodiment, the dried positive and negative electrode sheets are placed in a pulverizer for pulverization.

[0033] Step 44, sieving the obtained positive and negative electrode particles separately to obtain recyclable materials of different elements.

[0034] In this embodiment, the positive and negative electrode sheet particles are placed in a drum screen for air separation, and the positive and negative electrode sheets are deironed by an iron remover before pyrolysis and after crushing.

[0035] Further, step 44 includes the following sub-steps: Step 441, magnetically separating the positive and negative electrode particles to remove the recyclable iron element therein; Step 442, screening the positive and negative electrode sheet particles to obtain positive electrode sheet particles and negative electrode sheet particles; Step 443, further screening the positive electrode sheet particles and the negative electrode sheet particles to obtain recyclables of different elements.

[0036] In this embodiment, the obtained positive electrode sheet particles and negative electrode sheet particles are placed in a pulverizer for secondary pulverization, and then the obtained particles are placed in a circular vibrating screen for screening.

[0037] Furthermore, step 6 includes the following sub-steps: Step 61, mixing the battery liquid with the cleaning liquid of the positive and negative electrode sheets obtained in step 42, and then performing low-temperature volatilization and high-temperature pyrolysis in sequence to obtain an electrolyte combination salt.

[0038] In this embodiment, the temperature of low-temperature volatilization is 150-200° C., and the high-temperature pyrolysis is performed at a temperature of 400-480° C. under an inert atmosphere. Further, step 7 includes the following sub-steps: Step 71, treating the tail gas generated in the above steps by an activated carbon adsorption device and an alkali solution spray tower.

[0039] The present invention is a lithium battery recycling method, which obtains different parts by disassembling a lithium battery pack, and then recycles the different parts accordingly, thereby improving the recycling efficiency and being able to better recycle the recyclable parts; the recycling liquid generated by cleaning the battery cell is mixed with the battery liquid and then processed to obtain an electrolyte combination salt, thereby reducing the processing steps and improving the processing efficiency.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recycling lithium batteries, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Conduct source tracing for the lithium battery packs to be recycled; Step 2, pre-treating the lithium battery pack to be recycled to obtain a lithium battery pack without electricity; Step 3, disassembling the dead lithium battery pack and collecting the battery fluid to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell, a battery cell and battery fluid; Step 4, processing and crushing the disassembled battery cells, and screening the crushed particles to obtain different recyclables; Step 5, cleaning and drying the cover plate and the battery shell, and then recycling; Step 6, treating the battery liquid to obtain an electrolyte combination salt; Step 7, treating the pollutants generated in the above steps.

2. A lithium battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 includes the following sub-steps: Step 21, testing the lithium battery pack to be recycled by a battery pack testing system; Step 22, physically discharging the lithium battery pack.

3. A lithium battery recycling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 22 includes the following sub-steps: Step 221, placing the lithium battery pack in salt water for discharge to obtain a lithium battery pack without power.

4. A lithium battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 3 includes the following sub-steps: Step 31, disassembling the lithium battery pack from which the battery fluid has been separated using a lithium battery pack disassembling machine to obtain a cover plate, a battery shell and a battery cell.

5. A lithium battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4 includes the following sub-steps: Step 41, disassembling the battery cell to obtain positive and negative electrode sheets and diaphragm materials; Step 42, pyrolyzing the positive and negative electrode sheets at high temperature, and washing and drying them after cooling; Step 43, placing the dried positive and negative electrode sheets into a grinder for grinding to obtain positive and negative electrode sheet particles; Step 44, sieving the obtained positive and negative electrode sheet particles separately to obtain recyclable materials of different elements.

6. A lithium battery recycling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step 44 includes the following sub-steps: Step 441, magnetically separating the positive and negative electrode particles to remove recyclable iron elements therein; Step 442, screening the positive and negative electrode sheet particles to obtain positive electrode sheet particles and negative electrode sheet particles; Step 443: further screening the positive electrode sheet particles and the negative electrode sheet particles to obtain recyclables of different elements.

7. A lithium battery recycling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step 6 comprises the following sub-steps: Step 61, mixing the battery liquid with the cleaning liquid of the positive and negative electrode sheets obtained in step 42, and then performing low-temperature volatilization and high-temperature pyrolysis in sequence to obtain an electrolyte combination salt.

8. A lithium battery recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The step 7 comprises the following sub-steps: Step 71, treating the tail gas generated in the above steps by an activated carbon adsorption device and an alkali solution spray tower.

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