Thin-layer spraying material and surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using same

Abstract

The invention discloses a thin-layer spraying material and a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using the same, and belongs to the field of surrounding rock deformation monitoring. The thin-layer spraying material is prepared by mixing a luminescent material Y2O3: Eu < 3 + > and a negative Poisson's ratio material; the surrounding rock deformation monitoring system using the thin layer spraying material comprises a light source emitting device and a light source receiving device, the light source emitting device is used for emitting light and exciting a luminescent material in the thin-layer spraying material; the light source receiving device is used for receiving light emitted by the luminescent material within a specific range of wavelength; and the data processing device is used for splicing the light-emitting point position data measured by the different spectral displacement sensors, converting the light-emitting point position data into the same coordinate system, and monitoring the deformation of the surrounding rock according to the coordinate difference of the light-emitting points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock and the included angle between the coordinate axes of the light-emitting points. According to the invention, the range and precision of surrounding rock deformation monitoring are effectively improved, the work amount of surrounding rock deformation monitoring is effectively reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of surrounding rock deformation monitoring, and in particular to a thin layer spraying material and a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using the material. Background Art

[0002] The stability of the surrounding rock during the mining and excavation process is crucial for the safety and efficiency of mining operations. In order to ensure the safety of mining operations, it is usually necessary to support the surrounding rock. These support structures can maintain the stability of the surrounding rock to a certain extent. However, during the mining process, due to the complexity and uncertainty of geological conditions and the dynamic impact of mining activities, the support structure itself will also move with the deformation of the surrounding rock, and its bearing capacity and support effect may gradually decrease. This will cause the stress state of the surrounding rock to change, and deformation, displacement and even collapse will occur, which will not only threaten the lives of underground workers, but may also cause damage to mining equipment and interruption of mineral resource mining, causing huge economic losses to mining companies.

[0003] However, traditional surrounding rock deformation monitoring methods have limitations to varying degrees in terms of monitoring accuracy, comprehensiveness, efficiency, and adaptability to complex working conditions. They are also costly and cannot meet the needs of modern mining projects for real-time, accurate, and comprehensive monitoring of surrounding rock displacement.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a thin layer spraying material that can effectively improve the range and accuracy of surrounding rock deformation monitoring, effectively reduce the engineering workload of surrounding rock deformation monitoring, and reduce the cost of surrounding rock deformation monitoring, as well as a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using the material is an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a thin layer spraying material and a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using the material.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A thin layer spraying material, composed of luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ Made by mixing with negative Poisson's ratio materials.

[0008] A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system using a thin layer spraying material, comprising: a plurality of coordinated monitoring spectral displacement sensors, a data processing device, and a plurality of bases carrying the spectral displacement sensors;

[0009] The spectral displacement sensor comprises: a light source emitting device and a light source receiving device;

[0010] Light source emitting device, used to emit light to excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer spraying material 3+ ;

[0011] Light source receiving device, used to receive luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ Emit light within a specific range of wavelengths;

[0012] The data processing device is used to splice the luminous point position data measured by different spectral displacement sensors (obtained by establishing a rectangular coordinate system with the spectral displacement sensor as the origin), transform it into the same coordinate system, and monitor the surrounding rock deformation based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point.

[0013] Optionally, the light source emitting device is an ultraviolet light emitter.

[0014] Optionally, the light source receiving device includes: a grating, a condenser and a detector;

[0015] A grating, used for separating and reflecting the light wavelengths at the light inlet of the spectral displacement sensor to a condenser lens;

[0016] A condenser lens is used to focus the separated light onto a detector;

[0017] The detector is used to receive the light source for data processing by the data processing device.

[0018] Optional, base, including: tripod, telescopic rod and swivel joint;

[0019] A tripod support for supporting the spectral displacement sensor;

[0020] The telescopic rod and the rotating joint are used to adjust the height and angle of the spectral displacement sensor respectively.

[0021] Optionally, the light point position data measured by different spectral displacement sensors are spliced ​​and converted to the same coordinate system as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, s is the scale parameter; R is the rotation matrix determined by the rotation parameter; (t X , t Y , t Z ) is the translation parameter.

[0024] Optionally, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring is performed based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point, specifically:

[0025] Determine whether the difference between the centroid coordinates and the origin of the rotation coordinates is 0. If it is 0, it means that the surrounding rock has not undergone any deformation. If it is not 0, it means that the surrounding rock has undergone deformation.

[0026] When the surrounding rock is deformed, it is determined whether the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is 0. If α=β=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock has no obvious deformation and inclination, and only lateral displacement transformation exists; where γ is the rotation angle around the X-axis, β is the rotation angle around the Y-axis, and α is the rotation angle around the Z-axis; if any of the angles in the three directions is not 0, the surrounding rock has obvious deformation and inclination;

[0027] When the surrounding rock shows obvious deformation and inclination, if the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0 or β≠0, and β=γ=0 or α=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock only has inclination deformation around the horizontal and longitudinal directions. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is γ≠0, and α=β=0, it means that the surrounding rock has inclination deformation around the vertical direction. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0, β≠0, γ≠0, it means that the surrounding rock has rotational deformation.

[0028] A surrounding rock deformation monitoring method using a thin layer of sprayed material, comprising:

[0029] Step 1: Spray a thin layer of spray material on the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and use light to excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer of spray material 3+ ;

[0030] Step 2: Receiving luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ It emits light within a specific range of wavelengths and monitors the surrounding rock deformation based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point.

[0031] Optionally, excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer sprayed material 3+ The light is ultraviolet light.

[0032] Optionally, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring is performed based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point, specifically:

[0033] Determine whether the difference between the centroid coordinates and the origin of the rotation coordinates is 0. If it is 0, it means that the surrounding rock has not undergone any deformation. If it is not 0, it means that the surrounding rock has undergone deformation.

[0034] When the surrounding rock is deformed, it is determined whether the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is 0. If α=β=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock has no obvious deformation and inclination, and only lateral displacement transformation exists; where γ is the rotation angle around the X-axis, β is the rotation angle around the Y-axis, and α is the rotation angle around the Z-axis; if any of the angles in the three directions is not 0, the surrounding rock has obvious deformation and inclination;

[0035] When the surrounding rock shows obvious deformation and inclination, if the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0 or β≠0, and β=γ=0 or α=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock only has inclination deformation around the horizontal and longitudinal directions. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is γ≠0, and α=β=0, it means that the surrounding rock has inclination deformation around the vertical direction. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0, β≠0, γ≠0, it means that the surrounding rock has rotational deformation.

[0036] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a thin layer spraying material and a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using the material. 3+ The use of negative Poisson's ratio material (NPR) as the main material of the thin layer spraying material avoids the surrounding rock deformation monitoring methods such as installing strain gauges, optical fiber sensors and manually aiming and measuring the measuring points one by one on the supporting structure, which are labor-intensive, inaccurate and have high environmental requirements. The non-contact measurement method of the mining spectral displacement sensor can not only cooperate with the luminescent material in the thin layer spraying material to monitor the surrounding rock displacement to save costs, but also avoid additional interference to the supporting structure. It can also comprehensively scan the surface of a large area of ​​the supporting structure in a short time to obtain a large amount of luminous point cloud data, and compare and analyze the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point. It can accurately identify the various deformation types of each luminous point of the surrounding rock, including the degree of deformation and the tilt deformation and rotation deformation around the horizontal, longitudinal and vertical directions, thereby realizing comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of the surrounding rock displacement. At the same time, the negative Poisson's ratio material used in the thin layer spraying material has the characteristics of high toughness, strong tensile and shear resistance, which can effectively close the cracks and pores on the tunnel surface, prevent the penetration and overflow of harmful gases such as water and gas, prevent the weathering of the surrounding rock, and can also adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock, not easy to crack, and ensure the integrity and stability of the support structure. When used in conjunction with the anchor rod and anchor cable support structure, the bearing capacity and support effect of the surrounding rock have been greatly improved. And because it only accepts Y2O3:Eu 3+The light emitted within a specific wavelength range not only avoids interference from other light sources and makes the measurement more accurate, but also uses fewer devices, has a simple structure, and is compactly placed, making it easy to transport to underground tunnels. It has a wide range of applications and is easy to operate, allowing for a longer device life. The telescopic rod and rotating joint used to adjust the height and angle of the spectral displacement sensor are also convenient for adjusting the height and angle of different spectral displacement sensors when multiple mining spectral displacement sensors are monitoring in coordination, achieving no-dead-angle monitoring of surrounding rock deformation and improving the scope of use of mining spectral displacement sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the surrounding rock deformation monitoring system of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral displacement sensor of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the light source receiving device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0042] Among them, 1-tripod, 2-telescopic rod, 3-rotating joint, 4-light inlet, 5-light source emitting device, 6-light source receiving device, 61-grating, 62-condenser, 63-detector, 7-thin layer spraying material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a thin layer spraying material 7, which is composed of luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ Made by mixing with negative Poisson's ratio materials.

[0046] Using rare earth luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ The negative Poisson's ratio material (NPR) is used as the main material of the thin-layer spraying material 7, which avoids the surrounding rock deformation monitoring methods such as installing strain gauges, optical fiber sensors and manually aiming and measuring the measuring points one by one on the supporting structure, which are large in engineering, inaccurate in monitoring and have high environmental requirements. The method of scanning the light source of the luminous material in the thin-layer spraying material 7 to monitor the surrounding rock deformation makes the monitoring range wider, improves the monitoring accuracy, reduces the engineering workload of surrounding rock deformation monitoring, and reduces the cost. In addition, the negative Poisson's ratio material used in the thin-layer spraying material 7 has the characteristics of high toughness and strong tensile and shear resistance. It can effectively close the cracks and pores on the surface of the tunnel, prevent the penetration and overflow of harmful gases such as water and gas, prevent the weathering of the surrounding rock, and can also adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock, not easy to crack, and ensure the integrity and stability of the supporting structure. When used in conjunction with the anchor rod and anchor cable support structure, the bearing capacity and support effect of the surrounding rock have been greatly improved.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] Embodiment 2 of the present invention discloses a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system using a thin layer of sprayed material, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a plurality of spectral displacement sensors for collaborative monitoring, a data processing device, and a plurality of bases for carrying the spectral displacement sensors.

[0049] Spectral displacement sensors, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a light source emitting device 5 and a light source receiving device 6.

[0050] The light source emitting device 5 is used to emit light to excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer spraying material 7. 3+ .

[0051] The light source emitting device 5 is an ultraviolet light emitter, which emits 256nm ultraviolet light to excite the material. Ultraviolet light is invisible light, which can avoid the influence of strong light on underground construction.

[0052] Light source receiving device 6, used to receive the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ The light emitted is in a specific range of wavelengths. 3+ The light emitted within a specific range of wavelengths not only avoids interference from other light sources and makes the measurement more accurate, but the equipment also uses fewer devices, has a simple structure, and is compactly placed, making it easy to transport to underground tunnels. It has a wide range of applications, is easy to operate, and can allow for a longer device life.

[0053] The light source receiving device 6, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a grating 61, a condenser 62 and a detector 63;

[0054] The grating 61 is used to separate the wavelength of light at the light inlet 4 of the spectrum displacement sensor and reflect it to the condenser 62;

[0055] A condenser lens 62 is used to focus the separated light onto a detector 63;

[0056] The detector 63 is used to receive the light source for data processing by the data processing device.

[0057] The base comprises: a tripod 1, a telescopic rod 2 and a rotating joint 3;

[0058] A tripod support for supporting the spectral displacement sensor;

[0059] The telescopic rod 2 and the rotating joint 3 are respectively used to adjust the height and angle of the spectral displacement sensor, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the height and angle of different spectral displacement sensors when multiple spectral displacement sensors for mining are coordinated for monitoring, thereby realizing no-dead-angle monitoring of surrounding rock deformation and improving the application scope of spectral displacement sensors for mining.

[0060] The data processing device is used to splice the luminous point position data measured by different spectral displacement sensors, convert them into the same coordinate system, and monitor the surrounding rock deformation based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the various coordinate axes of the luminous point. It realizes the identification of various deformation types including deformation degree and tilt deformation and rotation deformation around the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions, effectively improving the accuracy of surrounding rock deformation identification and monitoring.

[0061] The light point position data measured by different spectral displacement sensors are spliced ​​and converted to the same coordinate system as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, s is the scale parameter; R is the rotation matrix determined by the rotation parameter; (t X , t Y , t Z ) is the translation parameter.

[0064] Based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring is carried out, specifically:

[0065] Determine whether the difference between the centroid coordinates and the origin of the rotation coordinates is 0. If it is 0, it means that the surrounding rock has not undergone any deformation. If it is not 0, it means that the surrounding rock has undergone deformation.

[0066] When the surrounding rock is deformed, it is determined whether the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is 0. If α=β=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock has no obvious deformation and inclination, and only lateral displacement transformation exists; where γ is the rotation angle around the X-axis, β is the rotation angle around the Y-axis, and α is the rotation angle around the Z-axis; if any of the angles in the three directions is not 0, the surrounding rock has obvious deformation and inclination;

[0067] When the surrounding rock shows obvious deformation and inclination, if the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0 or β≠0, and β=γ=0 or α=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock only has inclination deformation around the horizontal and longitudinal directions. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is γ≠0, and α=β=0, it means that the surrounding rock has inclination deformation around the vertical direction. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0, β≠0, γ≠0, it means that the surrounding rock has rotational deformation.

[0068] Embodiment 3:

[0069] Embodiment 3 of the present invention discloses a method for monitoring surrounding rock deformation using a thin layer of sprayed material, such as Figure 4 As shown, including:

[0070] Step 1: Spray a thin layer of spray material 7 onto the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and use light to excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer of spray material 7 3+ .

[0071] Step 2: Receiving luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ It emits light within a specific range of wavelengths and monitors the deformation of the surrounding rock based on the coordinate difference of the light-emitting point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock and the angle between the coordinate axes of the light-emitting point. It realizes the identification of various deformation types, including deformation degree and tilt deformation and rotation deformation around the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions, effectively improving the accuracy of surrounding rock deformation identification and monitoring.

[0072] Excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer sprayed material 7 3+ The light is 256nm ultraviolet light, which is invisible light, and can avoid the impact of strong light on underground construction.

[0073] Based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring is carried out, specifically:

[0074] Determine whether the difference between the centroid coordinates and the origin of the rotation coordinates is 0. If it is 0, it means that the surrounding rock has not undergone any deformation. If it is not 0, it means that the surrounding rock has undergone deformation.

[0075] When the surrounding rock is deformed, it is determined whether the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is 0. If α=β=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock has no obvious deformation and inclination, and only lateral displacement transformation exists; where γ is the rotation angle around the X-axis, β is the rotation angle around the Y-axis, and α is the rotation angle around the Z-axis; if any of the angles in the three directions is not 0, the surrounding rock has obvious deformation and inclination;

[0076] When the surrounding rock shows obvious deformation and inclination, if the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0 or β≠0, and β=γ=0 or α=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock only has inclination deformation around the horizontal and longitudinal directions. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is γ≠0, and α=β=0, it means that the surrounding rock has inclination deformation around the vertical direction. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0, β≠0, γ≠0, it means that the surrounding rock has rotational deformation.

[0077] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a thin layer spraying material and a surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method using the material. 3+ The use of negative Poisson's ratio material (NPR) as the main material of the thin layer spraying material avoids the surrounding rock deformation monitoring methods such as installing strain gauges, optical fiber sensors and manually aiming and measuring the measuring points one by one on the supporting structure, which are labor-intensive, inaccurate and have high environmental requirements. The non-contact measurement method of the mining spectral displacement sensor can not only cooperate with the luminescent material in the thin layer spraying material to monitor the surrounding rock displacement to save costs, but also avoid additional interference to the supporting structure. It can also comprehensively scan the surface of a large area of ​​the supporting structure in a short time to obtain a large amount of luminous point cloud data, and compare and analyze the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point. It can accurately identify the various deformation types of each luminous point of the surrounding rock, including the degree of deformation and the tilt deformation and rotation deformation around the horizontal, longitudinal and vertical directions, thereby realizing comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of the surrounding rock displacement. At the same time, the negative Poisson's ratio material used in the thin layer spraying material has the characteristics of high toughness, strong tensile and shear resistance, which can effectively close the cracks and pores on the tunnel surface, prevent the penetration and overflow of harmful gases such as water and gas, prevent the weathering of the surrounding rock, and can also adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock, not easy to crack, and ensure the integrity and stability of the support structure. When used in conjunction with the anchor rod and anchor cable support structure, the bearing capacity and support effect of the surrounding rock have been greatly improved. And because it only accepts Y2O3:Eu 3+The light emitted within a specific wavelength range not only avoids interference from other light sources and makes the measurement more accurate, but also uses fewer devices, has a simple structure, and is compactly placed, making it easy to transport to underground tunnels. It has a wide range of applications and is easy to operate, allowing for a longer device life. The telescopic rod and rotating joint used to adjust the height and angle of the spectral displacement sensor are also convenient for adjusting the height and angle of different spectral displacement sensors when multiple mining spectral displacement sensors are monitoring in coordination, achieving no-dead-angle monitoring of surrounding rock deformation and improving the scope of use of mining spectral displacement sensors.

[0078] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0079] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A thin layer spraying material (7), characterized in that: The luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ Made by mixing with negative Poisson's ratio materials.

2. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system using a thin layer spraying material according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A plurality of spectral displacement sensors for collaborative monitoring, a data processing device, and a plurality of bases for carrying the spectral displacement sensors; The spectral displacement sensor comprises: a light source emitting device (5) and a light source receiving device (6); The light source emitting device (5) is used to emit light to excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer spraying material (7). 3+ ; The light source receiving device (6) is used to receive the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ Emit light within a specific range of wavelengths; The data processing device is used to splice the luminous point position data measured by different spectral displacement sensors, convert them into the same coordinate system, and monitor the surrounding rock deformation based on the luminous point coordinate difference before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points.

3. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light source emitting device (5) is an ultraviolet light emitter.

4. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light source receiving device (6) comprises: a grating (61), a condenser (62) and a detector (63); The grating (61) is used to separate the wavelengths of light at the light inlet (4) of the spectral displacement sensor and reflect them to the condenser (62); The condenser (62) is used to focus the separated light onto the detector (63); The detector (63) is used to receive light source for data processing by the data processing device.

5. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base comprises: a tripod stand (1), a telescopic rod (2) and a rotating joint (3); The tripod (1) is used to support the spectral displacement sensor; The telescopic rod (2) and the rotating joint (3) are respectively used to adjust the height and angle of the spectral displacement sensor.

6. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light point position data measured by different spectral displacement sensors are spliced ​​and converted to the same coordinate system as follows: Among them, s is the scale parameter; R is the rotation matrix determined by the rotation parameter; (t X , t Y , t Z ) is the translation parameter.

7. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring is carried out, specifically: Determine whether the difference between the centroid coordinates and the origin of the rotation coordinates is 0. If it is 0, it means that the surrounding rock has not undergone any deformation. If it is not 0, it means that the surrounding rock has undergone deformation. When the surrounding rock is deformed, it is determined whether the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is 0. If α=β=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock has no obvious deformation and inclination, and only lateral displacement transformation exists; where γ is the rotation angle around the X-axis, β is the rotation angle around the Y-axis, and α is the rotation angle around the Z-axis; if any of the angles in the three directions is not 0, the surrounding rock has obvious deformation and inclination; When the surrounding rock shows obvious deformation and inclination, if the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0 or β≠0, and β=γ=0 or α=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock only has inclination deformation around the horizontal and longitudinal directions. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is γ≠0, and α=β=0, it means that the surrounding rock has inclination deformation around the vertical direction. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0, β≠0, γ≠0, it means that the surrounding rock has rotational deformation.

8. A method for monitoring surrounding rock deformation using a thin layer spraying material according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Spray the thin layer of spray material (7) onto the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and use light to excite the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer of spray material (7) 3+ ; Step 2: Receiving the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu 3+ It emits light within a specific range of wavelengths and monitors the surrounding rock deformation based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point.

9. The method for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock of a thin layer spraying material according to claim 8, characterized in that: Exciting the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu in the thin layer spraying material (7) 3+ The light is ultraviolet light.

10. The method for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock of a thin layer spraying material according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the coordinate difference of the luminous point before and after the surrounding rock deformation and the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring is carried out, specifically: Determine whether the difference between the centroid coordinates and the origin of the rotation coordinates is 0. If it is 0, it means that the surrounding rock has not undergone any deformation. If it is not 0, it means that the surrounding rock has undergone deformation. When the surrounding rock is deformed, it is determined whether the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous point before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is 0. If α=β=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock has no obvious deformation and inclination, and only lateral displacement transformation exists; where γ is the rotation angle around the X-axis, β is the rotation angle around the Y-axis, and α is the rotation angle around the Z-axis; if any of the angles in the three directions is not 0, the surrounding rock has obvious deformation and inclination; When the surrounding rock shows obvious deformation and inclination, if the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0 or β≠0, and β=γ=0 or α=γ=0, it means that the surrounding rock only has inclination deformation around the horizontal and longitudinal directions. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is γ≠0, and α=β=0, it means that the surrounding rock has inclination deformation around the vertical direction. If the angle between the coordinate axes of the luminous points before and after the deformation of the surrounding rock is α≠0, β≠0, γ≠0, it means that the surrounding rock has rotational deformation.

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