Composite fireproof system and fireproof method for power equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a composite fireproof system and method for power equipment, and belongs to the technical field of power equipment protection, and the composite fireproof system comprises an L-shaped fireproof partition plate, a flexible fireproof blanket assembly and a thermal response protection module. The L-shaped fireproof partition plate comprises a long side and a short side which are vertical and are transited through a first arc connecting part; the outer edge of the short edge is connected with an inclined plate inclined outwards through a second arc connecting part, and the edge is provided with a neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip. The flexible fireproof blanket assembly comprises a body and magnetic connecting pieces embedded in the edge, and the magnetic connecting pieces are fixed to the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips in a matched mode. The thermal response protection module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a phase change heat absorption unit and an aerogel strengthening unit, is arranged on the L-shaped fireproof partition plate and / or the fireproof blanket body and can trigger a response mechanism according to temperature changes. According to the composite fireproof system for the power equipment, the problems of limited fireproof performance, poor adaptability, insufficient sealing and the like of a traditional scheme are comprehensively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power equipment protection technology, and more specifically, relates to a composite fire protection system and fire protection method for power equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of power equipment, distribution cabinets, and other facilities, fire protection systems are playing an increasingly important role in ensuring fire isolation between equipment rooms. Traditional solutions mainly rely on fixed fireproof partitions (GB 23864-2009) for physical barriers. While these can prevent the spread of fire and heat, they have revealed systemic flaws in practical applications: 1. Existing fireproof partitions are widely used for fire isolation in electrical equipment rooms, and are mostly flat, making it difficult to prevent flames from spreading from one side to the other. While improved L-shaped fireproof partitions significantly increase the effectiveness of blocking flame spread, they suffer from stress concentration at right angles and incomplete control of fire spread. At right angles, stress is relatively concentrated, leading to uneven thermal expansion in this area at high temperatures, greatly increasing the risk of deformation or cracking of the fireproof partition material. Furthermore, the corners of existing L-shaped fireproof partitions continue to act as channels for fire spread, especially during a fire, where heat accumulation at the corners allows the fire to easily propagate along the right angle, still posing a possibility of flames spreading to the other side of the fireproof partition.

[0003] 2. Fireproof partitions are rigid fire-resistant structures used for fire isolation. They are only suitable for placement between non-flexible equipment and cannot be placed on facilities requiring tight coverage, such as cable joints. Traditional fireproof partitions cannot cover irregularly shaped components with curvature, while stand-alone fire blankets lack interface connection technology, making continuous sealing difficult. If fixed fireproof partitions and flexible fire protection measures such as fire blankets are not designed in a coordinated manner, it will result in breaks in the fire barrier. Actual measurement data shows that installation gaps (>3mm) formed at irregularly shaped locations such as cable joints in traditional solutions can increase flame penetration by 42%.

[0004] While current fire protection technologies offer basic thermal insulation and smoke blocking capabilities, they have failed to create a comprehensive fire protection system that combines rigidity and flexibility. Especially under complex conditions such as high-temperature thermal expansion (≥200℃) and confined spaces, existing solutions struggle to maintain fire protection integrity, necessitating a system-level solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite fire protection system and method for power equipment, aiming to solve the problems of limited fire protection performance, poor adaptability, insufficient connection sealing performance, and lack of dynamic response capability in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A composite fire protection system for power equipment is provided, comprising an L-shaped fireproof partition, a flexible fireproof blanket assembly, and a thermal response protection module; the L-shaped fireproof partition includes a vertically arranged long side and a short side, the long side and the short side being connected by a first arc connecting portion, and the outer edge of the short side being connected by a second arc connecting portion to an outwardly inclined plate; the edge of the L-shaped fireproof partition is provided with a neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip; the flexible fireproof blanket assembly includes a fireproof blanket body and a magnetic connector embedded in the edge of the fireproof blanket body, the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip being used to fix it to the magnetic connector; the thermal response protection module includes a temperature monitoring unit, a phase change heat absorption unit, and an aerogel strengthening unit disposed on the L-shaped fireproof partition and / or the fireproof blanket body, the temperature monitoring unit, the phase change heat absorption unit, and the aerogel strengthening unit triggering their response mechanism according to temperature changes.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the L-shaped fireproof partition includes an outer fireproof layer, a heat insulation layer, and a reinforcing material layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the outer fireproof layer is a fire-resistant material layer, using aluminum silicate fiber, ceramic fiber, or a high-temperature fireproof coating; the heat insulation layer is a heat insulation material layer, using mineral wool, glass wool, or rock wool; and the reinforcing material layer is a reinforced composite material layer, using high-strength polymer composite material or metal alloy support.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a functional buffer layer is provided between the outer fireproof layer and the heat insulation layer. The functional buffer layer is an aerogel felt, which is used to alleviate interlayer stress caused by temperature gradient.

[0010] In one possible implementation, an interface transition layer is further provided between the heat insulation layer and the reinforcing material layer. The interface transition layer is a modified epoxy resin film used to enhance the interlayer peel strength.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the fire blanket body includes a base fabric layer, and a composite fire-retardant coating is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the base fabric layer. The composite fire-retardant coating includes an inner ceramicizable silicone rubber layer and an outer phosphorus and nitrogen flame-retardant impregnation layer.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the temperature monitoring unit includes a distributed optical fiber sensor disposed on the L-shaped fireproof partition and a nano-temperature-sensitive pigment co-woven with the fireproof blanket body. The distributed optical fiber sensor is spirally arranged along the L-shaped fireproof partition and electrically connected to an audible and visual warning device through a controller. The nano-temperature-sensitive pigment provides a visual warning based on the color of temperature changes. The phase change heat absorption unit is a composite phase change material filled in the heat insulation layer. The composite phase change material slows down the temperature rise rate of the heat insulation layer through phase change. The aerogel reinforcement unit is an aerogel capsule pre-embedded in the first arc connection part. The aerogel capsule expands and ruptures when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature to form a heat insulation auxiliary layer and delay the temperature rise.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the composite fire protection system for power equipment provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the first arc connection of the L-shaped fireproof partition replaces the right angle, disperses the thermal expansion stress under high temperature, and significantly reduces the risk of deformation and cracking; the second arc connection and the inclined plate extend the flame spread path, and with the non-right angle buffer design, reduce heat accumulation and reduce flame penetration rate; the flexible fireproof blanket body is adapted to irregularly shaped parts such as cable joints, and its edge magnetic connectors are tightly adsorbed with the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip of the partition, reducing the flame penetration rate and forming a rigid-flexible barrier without breaks; in the thermal response protection unit, the phase change heat absorption unit absorbs a large amount of heat at high temperature to delay the temperature rise, and the aerogel strengthening unit enhances the heat insulation performance. The combination of the two extends the fire protection integrity maintenance time of the system at high temperature, and comprehensively solves the problems of limited fire protection performance, poor adaptability and insufficient sealing of traditional solutions.

[0014] The present invention also provides a fire prevention method based on the above-mentioned composite fire protection system for power equipment, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Preliminary adaptation preparation: Perform 3D scanning of the target power equipment to identify high-risk areas, irregular structures, and installation gaps. Based on the identification results, customize the size parameters of the multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partition and cut flexible fireproof blanket components to cover irregular areas, ensuring a fit of ≥95%. S2: Modular installation, including: S21. Basic protective layer installation: Multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partition is fixed with expansion bolts. The first arc connection part is adapted to the right-angle corner of the equipment, and the second arc connection part enhances the fit with the inclined component. S22. Flexible sealing layer installation: The flexible fire blanket assembly covers the flat and irregular parts of the equipment. The magnetic connectors on its edges are magnetically connected to the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the equipment body or L-shaped fireproof partition. An indium foil layer is sandwiched between the magnetic connectors and the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the equipment body or L-shaped fireproof partition to achieve sealing. S23. Dynamic response layer installation, embedding thermal response protection modules in high-risk areas; S3. Dynamic protection response: When the temperature monitoring unit detects that the temperature of the power equipment has reached the first predetermined threshold, the phase change heat absorption unit is activated, which slows down the temperature rise rate of the insulation layer through the phase change of the composite phase change material; when the temperature reaches the second predetermined threshold, the aerogel reinforcement unit is activated, and the aerogel capsules embedded in the first arc connection expand and rupture to form an auxiliary insulation layer; when the temperature monitoring unit detects an abnormal temperature, it transmits the data to the controller through a distributed optical fiber sensor, and the controller triggers an alarm with the sound and light warning device, while the nano temperature-sensitive pigment provides color visualization warning based on temperature changes; S4. Full-cycle maintenance and management: Daily assessment of system status through gradient module temperature data, and regular inspection and replacement or recoating of aging components.

[0015] In one possible implementation, in step S3, the first predetermined threshold is 150-300°C, and the second predetermined threshold is 300-600°C.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the specific method of periodic inspection in step S4 is as follows: monthly inspection of the coating integrity of the flexible fire blanket assembly, and recoating when wear > 30%; quarterly testing of the magnetic force of the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip, and replacing it when attenuation > 20%; annual testing of the phase change efficiency of the phase change material, and updating it when heat absorption capacity decreases > 15%; and replacement of the aged reinforcing material layer in conjunction with the equipment maintenance cycle.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the fire prevention method provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the fire prevention method of this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through precise adaptation preparation in the early stage, multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partitions and cut flexible fireproof blanket components were customized according to the specific structure of the power equipment, which solved the problem of poor adaptability of traditional fire protection systems, improved the fit between the fire protection system and the equipment, and enhanced the protection effect.

[0018] 2. The layered installation method combines a basic protective layer, a flexible sealing layer, and a dynamic response layer to form a comprehensive fire barrier. The basic protective layer provides rigid protection, the flexible sealing layer solves the protection problems of irregular parts and confined spaces, and the dynamic response layer provides key protection for high-risk areas, thus improving the overall fire resistance performance.

[0019] 3. Gradient dynamic protection adopts corresponding protective measures according to different stages of fire development. In the early stage of fire, it suppresses temperature rise; in the development stage of fire, it prevents flame and smoke penetration; and in the intense stage of fire, it strengthens heat insulation and impact resistance, thus achieving adaptive protection and improving protection efficiency.

[0020] 4. Full-cycle maintenance management can promptly identify and replace aging components, ensuring that the fire protection system is always in good working condition, eliminating safety hazards, and achieving full life-cycle fire protection for electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped fireproof partition provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the L-shaped fireproof partition provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Long side; 2. Short side; 3. First arc connection part; 4. Second arc connection part; 5. Inclined plate; 6. Outer fireproof layer; 7. Heat insulation layer; 8. Reinforcing material layer; 9. Functional buffer layer; 10. Interface transition layer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 2 The present invention provides a composite fire protection system for power equipment. The composite fire protection system for power equipment includes an L-shaped fireproof partition, a flexible fire blanket assembly, and a thermal response protection module. The L-shaped fireproof partition includes a vertically arranged long side 1 and a short side 2, which are connected by a first arc connecting part 3. The outer edge of the short side 2 is connected to an outwardly inclined plate 5 via a second arc connecting part 4. The edge of the L-shaped fireproof partition is provided with a neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip. The flexible fire blanket assembly includes a fire blanket body and magnetic connectors embedded in the edge of the fire blanket body. The neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips are used to fix the fire blanket body to the magnetic connectors. The thermal response protection module includes a temperature monitoring unit, a phase change heat absorption unit, and an aerogel reinforcement unit disposed on the L-shaped fireproof partition and / or the fire blanket body. The temperature monitoring unit, phase change heat absorption unit, and aerogel reinforcement unit trigger their response mechanism according to temperature changes.

[0024] The right-angle structure of traditional fireproof partitions has two major problems: 1. Stress concentration at right angles, uneven thermal expansion at high temperatures can easily lead to deformation and cracking; 2. Right-angle corners provide a direct channel for the spread of flames.

[0025] In this embodiment, by replacing the right angle with a first arc-shaped connecting portion 3, stress is dispersed through the arc transition. Specifically, the stress generated by the thermal expansion of the material at high temperatures can be evenly distributed along the arc, avoiding cracking caused by excessive local stress, improving the structural stability of the L-shaped fireproof partition, and reducing the risk of deformation. Furthermore, the first arc-shaped connecting portion 3 can guide the heat of the flame to disperse smoothly along the transition curve, avoiding heat accumulation in the right-angled portion and effectively improving the high-temperature resistance of the fireproof partition. During a fire, the arc shape allows for more even heat transfer, effectively slowing the spread of the fire.

[0026] In this embodiment, the inclined plate 5 has an inclination angle of 30°±5° with the vertical plane, and is connected to the short side 2 by the second arc connecting part 4. This creates a Z-shaped fireproof channel of "long side 1 - short side 2 - inclined plate 5" on the fireproof side of the L-shaped fireproof partition, fundamentally changing the flame propagation path. The geometric layout of the inclined plate 5 forces the flame flow to make continuous turns of 90° and 150° (a total of 240° turns), forming an extension path with a total length 1.73 times longer (compared to the traditional right-angle structure). This spatial turning structure simultaneously produces dual protective effects: 1. It increases the contact area between the flame and the fireproof coating, achieving cascade attenuation of heat energy; 2. The turbulent field formed at the turning point accelerates the temperature gradient of the flame. In this embodiment, the connection between the short side 2 and the inclined plate 5 by the second arc connecting part 4 further optimizes the corner structure. The arc transition avoids the "heat accumulation dead angle" of the traditional right angle, reducing the possibility of flame penetration along the corner.

[0027] In traditional designs, the right-angled sections and fixed structures of fireproof partitions may hinder maintenance personnel's inspection and maintenance work, obstructing the observation and maintenance of equipment inside the fireproof partition. The design of setting an inclined plate 5 along the outer edge of short side 2 effectively increases the distance between the end of short side 2 and the equipment. This not only optimizes the fireproof isolation effect but also effectively prevents the end of short side 2 from obstructing the line of sight and preventing maintenance personnel from reaching inside the protective partition for maintenance operations. This allows personnel to better inspect, repair, and perform routine maintenance on the equipment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the fire blanket body can adapt to the curvature of irregularly shaped components (such as cable joints) to achieve tight coverage; the combination of magnetic connectors and neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips solves the problem of "insufficient connection sealing": magnetic adsorption ensures that the two fit tightly (the gap can be controlled to <1mm), and installation and disassembly are convenient, avoiding the gap defects of traditional bolt or tape connections and significantly reducing flame penetration rate. At the same time, the combination of L-shaped fireproof partition and flexible fire blanket body forms a "rigid-flexible synergistic system" that covers flat areas (through L-shaped fireproof partition) and irregularly shaped areas (through fire blanket body), eliminating fire barrier breaks.

[0029] In this embodiment, in order to improve the sealing performance of the connection between the fire blanket body and the L-shaped fireproof partition, an indium foil layer is sandwiched between the magnetic connector and the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip to form a smoke barrier.

[0030] In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring unit senses temperature changes in real time and provides a trigger signal for subsequent response; The phase change heat absorption unit undergoes a phase change (solid → liquid) at high temperatures, absorbing a large amount of heat, which slows down the heating rate of the L-shaped fireproof partition and / or the fireproof blanket body, and prevents the material from failing due to overheating. The aerogel reinforcement unit further exhibits ultra-low thermal conductivity at high temperatures. At the same time, some aerogel materials expand slightly when heated, filling tiny gaps and enhancing thermal insulation and sealing performance.

[0031] The three work together to form a "dynamic response mechanism" that proactively maintains fire protection integrity under complex working conditions.

[0032] When applying this system, based on the fireproof isolation requirements between electrical equipment, the long side 1 and short side 2 of the L-shaped fireproof partition are respectively attached to the vertical wall or cabinet edge of the equipment. The partition is then attached to the metal equipment surface using neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips on the edges (or secured with bolts), ensuring that the first arc-shaped connection 3 is aligned with the corner area. For irregularly shaped components such as cable joints and bent pipes, the flexible fireproof blanket is wrapped around the component surface, and the magnetic connectors on the edges are attached to the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the L-shaped partition, ensuring a seamless fit (a seal can be achieved by hand pressure). After system installation, the temperature monitoring unit automatically enters standby mode; when the ambient temperature rises to the threshold, the phase change heat absorption unit activates to absorb heat and cool down, the aerogel strengthening unit simultaneously enhances the insulation performance, and the temperature monitoring unit can trigger an alarm.

[0033] This invention provides a composite fire protection system for power equipment. Compared with existing technologies, the first arc-shaped connecting part 3 of the L-shaped fireproof partition replaces the right angle, dispersing the thermal expansion stress under high temperature and significantly reducing the risk of deformation and cracking. The second arc-shaped connecting part 4 and the inclined plate 5 extend the flame spread path, and the non-right-angle buffer design reduces heat accumulation and flame penetration rate. The flexible fireproof blanket body is adapted to irregularly shaped components such as cable joints, and its edge magnetic connectors are tightly adsorbed with the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip of the partition, reducing flame penetration rate and forming a seamless barrier with rigidity and flexibility. In the thermal response protection unit, the phase change heat absorption unit absorbs a large amount of heat at high temperature to delay the temperature rise, and the aerogel strengthening unit enhances the heat insulation performance. The combination of the two extends the fire protection integrity maintenance time of the system at high temperature, comprehensively solving the problems of limited fire protection performance, poor adaptability and insufficient sealing of traditional solutions.

[0034] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 2The L-shaped fireproof partition adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, consisting of an outer fireproof layer (6), a functional buffer layer (9), a heat insulation layer (7), an interface transition layer (10), and a reinforcing material layer (8) from the outside to the inside. The materials and positions of each layer are specifically designed to address the shortcomings of traditional single-layer or simple composite structures, as detailed below: Outer fireproof layer 6: As the outer layer that is in direct contact with flames, fire-resistant materials such as aluminum silicate fiber and ceramic fiber (or high-temperature fireproof coating) are selected. Taking advantage of their ability to withstand temperatures above 1000℃, they directly block the burning of flames and reduce the direct damage of flames to the internal structure. They are the first line of defense against fire.

[0035] Functional buffer layer 9: Located between the outer fireproof layer 6 and the heat insulation layer 7, it is made of aerogel felt (with ultra-low thermal conductivity and certain elasticity). When the outer fireproof layer 6 is exposed to high temperatures from flames, its temperature rises sharply, while the temperature of the heat insulation layer 7 is relatively low, creating a significant temperature gradient between the two, which can easily generate interlayer thermal stress (leading to delamination or cracking); the aerogel felt can buffer this stress through its own microstructure, while further blocking heat transfer to the heat insulation layer 7.

[0036] Insulation layer 7: Mineral wool, glass wool and other porous insulation materials are selected. Their low thermal conductivity is used to block the transfer of heat to the inside of the equipment, reduce the temperature of the back surface of the equipment and prevent the equipment from failing due to overheating.

[0037] Interface transition layer 10: Located between the heat insulation layer 7 and the reinforcing material layer 8, it is made of modified epoxy resin film. The heat insulation layer 7 (such as mineral wool) is brittle and has low strength, while the reinforcing material layer 8 (such as high-strength polymer or metal alloy) is rigid. Direct bonding between the two is prone to peeling due to material differences. The modified epoxy resin film has good adhesion and toughness, which can enhance the interfacial bonding force between the two layers and prevent interlayer peeling.

[0038] Reinforcing material layer 8: As the base layer, high-strength polymer composite materials (such as glass fiber reinforced resin) or metal alloys are selected to provide structural support for the entire partition, resist deformation (such as bending and bulging) under high temperature, and ensure the shape stability of the partition.

[0039] In this embodiment, the outer fireproof layer 6 directly resists flame attack, and the heat insulation layer 7 blocks heat transfer through its porous structure. Together, they form a dual protection of "fire resistance + heat insulation," solving the single defect of traditional partitions that are "fire-resistant but lack heat insulation" or "heat-insulating but not fire-resistant." The functional buffer layer 9 (aerogel felt) utilizes its elasticity and low thermal conductivity to effectively absorb the temperature gradient stress between the outer fireproof layer 6 and the heat insulation layer 7, avoiding cracking or delamination caused by the difference in thermal expansion and contraction between layers in traditional composite structures. The reinforcing material layer 8 provides rigid support, and together with the high peel strength of the interface transition layer 10 (modified epoxy resin film), it ensures that the heat insulation layer 7 and the reinforcing material layer are tightly bonded and are not easily deformed due to structural loosening at high temperatures, maintaining the overall integrity of the fireproof partition.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fire blanket body includes a base fabric layer and a composite fire-retardant coating. The base fabric layer, serving as the skeleton of the fire blanket, is woven from high-temperature resistant fibers (such as glass fiber and aramid fiber), possessing good flexibility, tensile strength, and temperature resistance. It provides basic structural support for the fire blanket, allowing it to be bent and folded to tightly cover irregularly shaped components such as cable joints. The composite fire-retardant coating is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base fabric layer (ensuring equal fire-retardant performance on both sides), and consists of an inner ceramicizable silicone rubber layer and an outer phosphorus-nitrogen flame-retardant impregnated layer. The outer phosphorus-nitrogen flame-retardant impregnated layer uses phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardants (such as ammonium polyphosphate and melamine resin) as its core. Upon exposure to fire, it undergoes an expansion and foaming reaction, forming a porous and fluffy carbonaceous insulation layer that physically blocks heat transfer and isolates oxygen. Simultaneously, the flame-retardant gases (such as ammonia and phosphate esters) produced by the decomposition of phosphorus-nitrogen compounds can inhibit the combustion chain reaction and slow the spread of flames, primarily acting as flame retardant and heat insulation in the early stages of a fire. The inner ceramicizable silicone rubber layer uses silicone rubber as the base material and adds ceramic fillers (such as quartz powder and mica powder). At room temperature, it maintains the flexibility of silicone rubber, and at high temperatures, it undergoes a ceramicization reaction to form a hard, dense inorganic ceramic layer. This ceramic layer is non-flammable, heat-resistant, and structurally stable. It can maintain its integrity under continuous flame burning and block flame penetration, serving as the core protective barrier during high-temperature stages.

[0041] In some embodiments, the temperature monitoring unit includes a distributed optical fiber sensor mounted on an L-shaped fireproof partition and a nano-temperature-sensitive pigment co-woven with the fireproof blanket body. The distributed optical fiber sensor is spirally arranged along the L-shaped fireproof partition, utilizing the temperature sensitivity of the optical fiber (reflecting temperature changes through light signal attenuation) to achieve continuous temperature monitoring of the entire partition area (including key areas such as the first arc connection 3 and the inclined plate 5). The sensor is connected to an audible and visual alarm via a controller. When the temperature exceeds a set threshold, the alarm immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm and simultaneously transmits temperature data to the backend. The nano-temperature-sensitive pigment is co-woven with the fireproof blanket body fibers; its molecular structure undergoes reversible color changes with temperature (e.g., changing from white to red at 200°C and to black at 300°C), enabling visualized temperature warnings of the flexible covered area without electricity, thus compensating for the monitoring blind spots of the optical fiber sensor in irregularly shaped areas.

[0042] The aforementioned phase change heat absorption unit is a composite phase change material filled within the insulation layer 7. In application, the composite phase change material, composed of paraffin wax, expanded graphite, and nano-metal particles, is filled within the insulation layer 7 of the L-shaped fireproof partition (phase change temperature range 200-600℃). When the ambient temperature rises to the phase change point, the material changes from solid to liquid, absorbing a large amount of latent heat. This phase change process slows down the heating rate of the insulation layer 7, preventing heat from rapidly penetrating to the equipment side.

[0043] The aforementioned aerogel reinforcement unit is an aerogel capsule pre-embedded in the first arc-shaped connecting part 3. The outer shell of the aerogel capsule is made of high-temperature resistant resin (such as polyimide), and the inside is encapsulated with nano-aerogel particles. When the temperature reaches a predetermined value (such as 300°C), the outer shell cracks due to heat, and the aerogel particles rapidly expand and fill the tiny gaps in the arc-shaped connecting part that may be caused by thermal deformation, forming a dense heat-insulating auxiliary layer that blocks the heat penetration path.

[0044] In this embodiment, the thermal response protection unit achieves precise perception and visual early warning across the entire area through dual monitoring of distributed fiber optic sensors and nano-temperature-sensitive pigments. The monitoring range is expanded by 3 times compared to the traditional method, and the response time is shortened to <10s. The composite phase change material reduces the heating rate of the insulation layer 7 by more than 50% through heat absorption, significantly extending the failure time of the fire barrier. The aerogel capsule targets and strengthens the first arc connection part 3 at high temperatures, reducing the thermal conductivity of this area to 1 / 5 of the original value and the flame penetration rate to 80%. The three elements form a closed loop of "perception-response-reinforcement", enabling the system to maintain fire integrity for ≥180min under complex working conditions, achieving an upgrade from "passive isolation" to "active response", and greatly improving reliability in high-temperature environments.

[0045] The present invention also provides a fire prevention method based on the above-mentioned composite fire protection system for power equipment, comprising the following steps: S1: Preliminary adaptation preparation: Perform 3D scanning of the target power equipment to identify high-risk areas (such as cable joints, equipment corners), irregular structures (such as curved pipes), and installation gaps. Based on the identification results, customize the size parameters of the multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partition and cut flexible fireproof blanket components to cover irregular areas, ensuring a fit of ≥95%. S2: Modular installation, including: S21. Basic protective layer installation: Multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partition is fixed with expansion bolts. The first arc connection part 3 is adapted to the right-angle corner of the equipment, and the second arc connection part 4 is adapted to the inclined parts (such as the cabinet slope) to ensure the geometric compatibility of rigid protection with the equipment structure and avoid local loosening caused by traditional bolt fixing. S22. Flexible sealing layer installation: The flexible fire blanket assembly covers the flat and irregular parts of the equipment. The magnetic connectors on its edges are magnetically connected to the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the equipment body or L-shaped fireproof partition. An indium foil layer is sandwiched between the magnetic connectors and the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the equipment body or L-shaped fireproof partition to achieve sealing. S23. Dynamic response layer installation: embed thermal response protection modules in high-risk areas (such as transformer joints and busbar trunking) to achieve "enhanced protection in key areas" and avoid resource waste caused by uniform layout across the entire area; S3. Dynamic protection response: When the temperature monitoring unit detects that the temperature of the power equipment has reached the first predetermined threshold, the phase change heat absorption unit is activated, which slows down the temperature rise rate of the insulation layer 7 through the phase change of the composite phase change material; when the temperature reaches the second predetermined threshold, the aerogel reinforcement unit is activated, and the aerogel capsule embedded in the first arc connection part 3 expands and ruptures to form a heat insulation auxiliary layer; when the temperature monitoring unit detects an abnormal temperature, it transmits the data to the controller through a distributed optical fiber sensor, and the controller links the sound and light alarm to issue an alarm, while the nano temperature-sensitive pigment provides color visualization warning according to the temperature change; In this step, the first predetermined threshold is 150-300℃, and the second predetermined threshold is 300-600℃.

[0046] S4. Full-cycle maintenance management: Daily assessment of system status using gradient module temperature data; periodic inspection and replacement or recoating of aging components. Specific methods for periodic inspection in this step include: monthly inspection of the coating integrity of the flexible fire blanket components, recoating when wear exceeds 30%; quarterly testing of the magnetic force of the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips, replacing them when attenuation exceeds 20%; annual testing of the phase change efficiency of the phase change material, replacing it when heat absorption capacity decreases by more than 15%; and replacing aged reinforcing material layer 8 in conjunction with the equipment maintenance cycle.

[0047] The fire prevention method provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. Through precise adaptation preparation in the early stage, multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partitions were customized according to the specific structure of the power equipment, and flexible fireproof blanket components were cut. This solved the problem of poor adaptability of traditional fire protection systems, improved the fit between the fire protection system and the equipment, and enhanced the protective effect.

[0048] 2. By adopting a layered installation protection method, a basic protective layer, a flexible sealing layer, and a dynamic response layer are combined to form a comprehensive fire barrier. The basic protective layer provides rigid protection, the flexible sealing layer solves the protection problems of irregularly shaped parts and confined spaces, and the dynamic response layer provides key protection for high-risk areas, thereby improving the overall fire resistance performance.

[0049] 3. Gradient dynamic protection adopts corresponding protective measures according to different stages of fire development: suppressing temperature rise in the early stage of fire, preventing flame and smoke penetration in the development stage of fire, and strengthening heat insulation and impact resistance in the intense stage of fire, thus realizing adaptive protection and improving protection efficiency.

[0050] 4. Full-cycle maintenance management can promptly identify and replace aging components, ensuring that the fire protection system is always in good working condition, eliminating safety hazards, and achieving full life-cycle fire protection for electrical equipment.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fire protection system for power equipment, characterized in that, The system includes an L-shaped fireproof partition, a flexible fireproof blanket assembly, and a thermal response protection module. The L-shaped fireproof partition includes a vertically arranged long side and a short side, which are connected by a first arc connecting part. The outer edge of the short side is connected to an outwardly inclined plate by a second arc connecting part. The edge of the L-shaped fireproof partition is provided with a neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip. The flexible fireproof blanket assembly includes a fireproof blanket body and a magnetic connector embedded in the edge of the fireproof blanket body. The neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip is used to fix it to the magnetic connector. The thermal response protection module includes a temperature monitoring unit, a phase change heat absorption unit, and an aerogel reinforcement unit disposed on the L-shaped fireproof partition and / or the fireproof blanket body. The temperature monitoring unit, the phase change heat absorption unit, and the aerogel reinforcement unit trigger their response mechanism according to temperature changes.

2. The composite fire protection system for power equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The L-shaped fireproof partition includes an outer fireproof layer, a heat insulation layer, and a reinforcing material layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

3. A composite fire protection system for power equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer fireproof layer is a fire-resistant material layer, using aluminum silicate fiber, ceramic fiber, or high-temperature fireproof coating; the heat insulation layer is a heat insulation material layer, using mineral wool, glass wool, or rock wool; the reinforcing material layer is a reinforced composite material layer, using high-strength polymer composite material or metal alloy support.

4. A composite fire protection system for power equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A functional buffer layer, which is an aerogel felt, is provided between the outer fireproof layer and the heat insulation layer to alleviate interlayer stress caused by temperature gradient.

5. A composite fire protection system for power equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An interface transition layer is further provided between the heat insulation layer and the reinforcing material layer. The interface transition layer is a modified epoxy resin film used to enhance the interlayer peel strength.

6. A composite fire protection system for power equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fireproof blanket body includes a base fabric layer, and a composite fireproof coating is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base fabric layer. The composite fireproof coating includes an inner ceramic silicone rubber layer and an outer phosphorus and nitrogen flame retardant impregnation layer.

7. A composite fire protection system for power equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring unit includes a distributed optical fiber sensor disposed on the L-shaped fireproof partition and a nano-temperature-sensitive pigment co-woven with the fireproof blanket body. The distributed optical fiber sensor is spirally arranged along the L-shaped fireproof partition and is electrically connected to the sound and light warning device through a controller. The nano-temperature-sensitive pigment provides visual warning based on the color of temperature changes. The phase change heat absorption unit is a composite phase change material filled in the heat insulation layer. The composite phase change material slows down the temperature rise rate of the heat insulation layer through phase change. The aerogel reinforcement unit is an aerogel capsule pre-embedded in the first arc connection part. The aerogel capsule expands and ruptures when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature to form a heat insulation auxiliary layer and delay the temperature rise.

8. A fire prevention method, based on the composite fire protection system for electrical equipment as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preliminary adaptation preparation: Perform 3D scanning of the target power equipment to identify high-risk areas, irregular structures, and installation gaps. Based on the identification results, customize the size parameters of the multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partition and cut flexible fireproof blanket components to cover irregular areas, ensuring a fit of ≥95%. S2: Modular installation, including: S21. Basic protective layer installation: Multi-layer composite L-shaped fireproof partition is fixed with expansion bolts. The first arc connection part is adapted to the right-angle corner of the equipment, and the second arc connection part enhances the fit with the inclined component. S22. Flexible sealing layer installation: The flexible fire blanket assembly covers the flat and irregular parts of the equipment. The magnetic connectors on its edges are magnetically connected to the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the equipment body or L-shaped fireproof partition. An indium foil layer is sandwiched between the magnetic connectors and the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strips of the equipment body or L-shaped fireproof partition to achieve sealing. S23. Dynamic response layer installation, embedding thermal response protection modules in high-risk areas; S3. Dynamic protection response: When the temperature monitoring unit detects that the temperature of the power equipment has reached the first predetermined threshold, the phase change heat absorption unit is activated, which slows down the temperature rise rate of the insulation layer through the phase change of the composite phase change material; when the temperature reaches the second predetermined threshold, the aerogel reinforcement unit is activated, and the aerogel capsules embedded in the first arc connection expand and rupture to form an auxiliary insulation layer; when the temperature monitoring unit detects an abnormal temperature, it transmits the data to the controller through a distributed optical fiber sensor, and the controller triggers an alarm with the sound and light warning device, while the nano temperature-sensitive pigment provides color visualization warning based on temperature changes; S4. Full-cycle maintenance and management: Daily assessment of system status through gradient module temperature data, and regular inspection and replacement or recoating of aging components.

9. A fire prevention method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, the first predetermined threshold is 150-300℃, and the second predetermined threshold is 300-600℃.

10. A fire prevention method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, the specific methods for regular inspection are as follows: monthly inspection of the coating integrity of the flexible fire blanket assembly, and recoating when wear is greater than 30%; quarterly testing of the magnetic force of the neodymium iron boron magnetic fixing strip, and replacing it when attenuation is greater than 20%; annual testing of the phase change efficiency of the phase change material, and updating it when heat absorption capacity decreases by greater than 15%; and replacement of the aged reinforcing material layer in conjunction with the equipment maintenance cycle.

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