Air draft dust removal device and equipment management method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an air draft and dust removal device and an equipment management method thereof. The air draft and dust removal device comprises a confluence structure, a plurality of air pipes and a plurality of air draft piece assemblies. Wherein the multiple air pipes are parallel to one another; the confluence structure is provided with a plurality of confluence inlets and a confluence outlet; one end of the air pipe is connected with one confluence inlet, and the other end of the air pipe is sealed; the flow direction of air flow in the air pipes is perpendicular to the flow direction of air flow in the confluence structure. The air draft part assembly is fixed to the side face of the air pipe, and the air draft part assembly is used for outputting air flow into the air pipe and preventing the air flow in the air pipe from flowing out of the air draft part assembly to the outside. According to the invention, violent interference generated during airflow confluence can be eliminated, the loss of airflow speed is reduced, and rapid discharge of smoke dust and the like is accelerated, so that the stable dust removal effect of a working area and the effective utilization rate of the fan are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dust removal equipment technology, and in particular to a dust extraction device and its equipment management method. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting machines are widely used in modern industry. They work by focusing a laser beam emitted from a laser source into a high-power-density beam through an optical path system. This beam irradiates the workpiece surface, causing it to reach its melting or boiling point. Simultaneously, high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the molten or vaporized metal. Therefore, the fumes produced during laser cutting, under the melting-cutting mechanism, primarily consist of sheet metal dust and smoke.

[0003] Current laser cutting machine dust extraction systems use long exhaust ducts and multiple auxiliary exhaust ducts to achieve the desired effect. These auxiliary exhaust ducts are used to extract dust from the working area and output airflow to the main exhaust duct. However, when the auxiliary exhaust ducts deliver flue gas to the main exhaust duct, interference can easily occur between the airflows output from each auxiliary exhaust duct, resulting in poor dust removal efficiency in the working area and low fan utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a dust extraction device and its equipment management method to solve the problems in the prior art where interference between different airflows easily occurs, resulting in poor dust removal effect in the working area and low effective utilization rate of the fan.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a dust extraction device, comprising: a confluence structure, multiple ducts, and multiple exhaust component assemblies; wherein the multiple ducts are parallel to each other; The merging structure has multiple merging inlets and one merging outlet; One end of the duct is connected to one of the flow inlets, and the other end of the duct is sealed; the airflow direction in the duct is perpendicular to the airflow direction in the flow junction structure. The exhaust component is fixed to the side of the duct. The exhaust component is used to output airflow into the duct and to prevent airflow from the duct from flowing out to the outside.

[0006] In the above scheme, the busbar structure further includes: a busbar pipe; The plurality of said merging inlets include a left merging inlet and a right merging inlet; The left end of the manifold is connected to the manifold outlet; The left confluence inlet is connected to the confluence pipe, and the left confluence inlet is also connected to the confluence outlet. The left confluence inlet has a first bend, which is used to change the direction of airflow in the left confluence inlet. The right confluence inlet is connected to the right end of the confluence pipe, and the right confluence inlet has a second bend, which is used to change the direction of airflow in the right confluence inlet.

[0007] In the above scheme, the multiple air ducts include a left air duct and a right air duct; The left duct is connected to the left confluence inlet; The right duct is connected to the right confluence inlet.

[0008] In the above solution, the side of the air duct has at least one connecting nozzle, which extends out of the side wall of the air duct; The connecting nozzle connects the inside of the air duct to the outside; The exhaust component is fixed inside the connecting nozzle.

[0009] In the above solution, the exhaust component assembly includes: a filter element, a damper plate, and a control mechanism; The filter element is fixed inside the connecting nozzle; The damper plate is located between the filter element and the internal air duct of the air pipe; The damper plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the connecting nozzle via a rotating shaft; The control mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft, and the control mechanism is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the damper plate opens and closes the connecting nozzle.

[0010] In the above scheme, the control mechanism includes: a cylinder, a fixed frame, a U-shaped lifting lug, and a single-ear plate sleeve; The cylinder is connected to the mounting frame; The fixing bracket is fixed to the outside of the connecting nozzle; The cylinder rod of the cylinder is connected to the base plate of the U-shaped lifting lug; The ear plate of the single ear plate sleeve is inserted between the two ear plates of the U-shaped lifting lug, and the ear plate of the single ear plate sleeve is rotatably connected to the ear plate of the U-shaped lifting lug; The cylinder of the single-ear plate sleeve is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0011] The above solution also includes: a support frame and multiple base plates; The ductwork and the air duct are fixed inside the support frame; The foot is detachably connected to the bottom of the support frame.

[0012] In the above scheme, the support frame includes: two support columns and multiple support beams; The two support columns are arranged in parallel; The two ends of the support beam are respectively connected to the two support columns, and one of the support beams is located between two adjacent connecting nozzles.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides an equipment management method for an exhaust dust removal device, applied to the aforementioned exhaust dust removal device. The equipment management method is used to select a fan connected to the exhaust dust removal device and to control the operation of the fan. The equipment management method includes: Based on the dust extraction requirements of the target work area, a simulation is performed to obtain the regional wind speed at the center point of the work area; wherein, the regional wind speed is the minimum wind speed at the center point of the work area that can meet the extraction requirements. The regional wind speed is used as the initial wind speed at the confluence inlet of the dust extraction device. A gradient test is performed on the dust extraction device to obtain the inlet flow rate of the confluence inlet. The inlet flow rate is used to ensure that the wind speed at the center point of the working area reaches the regional wind speed. The fan is determined based on the air inlet flow rate, and the optimal operating point of the fan is determined based on the performance curve of the fan and the pipe resistance curve of the dust extraction device. The fan is driven according to the optimal operating point.

[0014] In the above scheme, the pipeline resistance curve is determined by the following method: Fluid simulation was performed on the confluence structure and duct of the dust extraction device based on the flow rates of multiple air inlets to obtain the pressure loss at each air inlet flow rate. The flow rates and pressure losses of multiple air inlets are fitted to obtain the pipeline resistance curve.

[0015] This application provides a dust extraction device and its management method. By setting up a confluence structure and ductwork, and ensuring the airflow direction in the ductwork is perpendicular to the airflow direction in the confluence structure, the vertically entering airflow in the ductwork enters the confluence structure, transforms into a parallel exit airflow, and then the airflow converges and exits the device. This eliminates severe interference generated during airflow convergence, reduces airflow velocity loss, and accelerates the rapid removal of smoke and dust. Therefore, it ensures stable dust extraction in the working area and efficient utilization of the fan. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a dust extraction device provided in this application; Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the confluence structure in an exhaust dust removal device. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the manifold structure in a dust extraction device provided in this application, after removing the upper left cover plate, the upper right cover plate, and the upper cover plate of the manifold pipe; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the ductwork structure and the ductwork with the top cover removed, along with the support frame and base. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 6 A flowchart of an equipment management method for a dust extraction device provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a fluid simulation diagram of airflow in a confluence structure.

[0018] Figure label: 1: Busbar structure; 2: Air ducts; 3: Exhaust fan assembly; 4: Support frame; 5: Foot; 11: Convergence point; 12: Convergence exit; 13: Manifold; 111: Left confluence entrance; 112: Right confluence entrance; 113: First bend; 114: Second bend; 1111: Left-side air intake straight plate; 1112: Left guide vane; 1113: Top left cover plate; 1114: Lower left cover plate; 1121: Right guide vane inner rounded corner plate; 1122: Right guide vane outer rounded corner plate; 1123: Right inner extension plate; 1124: Right outer extension plate; 1125: Upper right cover plate; 1126: Lower right cover plate; 21: Left duct; 22: Right duct; 23: Connecting nozzle; 31: Filter element; 32: Air damper panel; 33: Control mechanism; 34: Rotation shaft; 331: Cylinder; 332: Fixture; 333: U-shaped hanging lug; 334: Single-ear plate sleeve; 41: Support column; 42: Support beam.

[0019] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and how the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application solve the current problems are described in detail below with specific examples. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Laser cutting machines are widely used in modern industry. They use a laser beam emitted from a laser source, which is focused into a high-power-density beam through an optical path system. This beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece, causing it to reach its melting or boiling point. Simultaneously, high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the molten or vaporized metal. Laser cutting machines can cut, engrave, and drill various materials such as metal, acrylic, wood, and fabric. They have wide applications in various industries including automotive manufacturing, construction machinery, aerospace, and raw material processing.

[0023] The fumes produced during laser cutting vary depending on the material. Under the melting cutting mechanism, the released fumes are primarily metal dust and smoke. Under the oxygen melting cutting mechanism, depending on the material, the released fumes are mainly metal oxide particles such as iron oxide and zinc oxide. Depending on the cutting process, oil may be sprayed onto the plate surface before cutting, usually using ordinary lubricating oil. This generates complex hydrocarbon compounds and dust during cutting, typically including toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, ethylbenzene, acetates, acetone, acetone aldehyde, butanol, butyrate, decane, etc. 97% of the aerosols and dust generated during laser cutting of metal plates have a diameter less than 5.7 μm, meaning the vast majority of the fumes can be inhaled. Depending on the material being cut, some fumes may also produce carcinogenic substances such as chromates, as in stainless steel cutting. These metal dust, metal oxide particles, hydrocarbon compounds, and aerosols often have a significant impact on surrounding personnel, the environment, and equipment. If not handled properly, it can have a significant impact on the health of the operators, pollute the surrounding environment, and damage the laser head lenses of the equipment. (Wang Zhigang, Wang Lixin, Li Zhenguang, "Laser Cutting Fume Analysis and Dust Removal System" [J] Equipment;) Existing laser processing fume extraction and dust removal equipment has a complex structure and long exhaust pipes, requiring auxiliary fume extraction equipment to achieve the desired effect. In addition, existing laser processing fume extraction equipment requires the design of a separate indoor air purification system, increasing design costs. Imported equipment usually adds a dust collector. In terms of dust collector selection, imported laser cutting machines use multi-filter dust collectors with external filter back-flushing cleaning systems, which are highly efficient, low-consumption, and have long filter life, but are expensive, costing tens to hundreds of thousands of RMB. Domestic laser cutting machine manufacturers are more casual in their selection of dust removal equipment. Although some manufacturers have equipped their machines with filter dust collectors, most manufacturers still use dust removal fans costing around a thousand RMB to extract dust and then discharge it directly outdoors without filtration. Wang Zhigang, Wang Lixin, Li Zhenguang, "Analysis and Dust Removal System of Laser Cutting Fume" [J] Equipment; Chen Heping, Liu Junjie, Wang Xiaohui, Shi Min, Jin Yan, Meng Li, "Design and Implementation of Integrated Material Receiving and Smoke Exhausting Laser Processing Equipment" [J] Mechanical Research and Application.

[0024] With the development of the times, people's requirements for the working environment are increasing, and there are also higher requirements for the dust extraction of machines.

[0025] To reduce the indiscriminate spread of harmful gases and ensure the health of operators, the harmful gases generated by machine cutting should be effectively treated to improve the dust extraction effect of large-format sheet metal cutting machines.

[0026] The existing technology involves sectional dust extraction, which is then directly connected to a centrifugal fan via two separate pipes. There is no corresponding method for selecting suitable pipes and fans.

[0027] Disadvantages of existing technologies: Existing laser processing fume extraction and dust removal equipment has a complex structure and long exhaust pipes, requiring auxiliary fume extraction equipment to achieve the desired effect. Furthermore, existing laser processing fume extraction equipment requires the design of a separate indoor air purification system, increasing design costs. Imported equipment typically includes a dust collector. Imported laser cutting machines use multi-filter dust collectors with external filter backflushing cleaning systems, which are highly efficient, low-consumption, and have long filter lifespans, but are expensive, often costing tens to hundreds of thousands of RMB. Domestic laser cutting machine manufacturers are more casual in their selection of dust removal equipment. Although some manufacturers equip their machines with filter-equipped dust collectors, most still use dust extraction fans costing around a thousand RMB to draw in dust, then directly discharge the dust outdoors without filtration.

[0028] The drawbacks of existing technologies are that for sheet metal laser cutting machines with a width of 2 meters or more, it is impossible to stably and effectively remove the harmful fumes generated by laser cutting, causing the fumes to escape, contaminating the laser head lens and polluting the working environment.

[0029] The problems that this invention can solve are: (1) solving the problem that dust extraction cannot stably meet the dust extraction requirements; (2) solving the problem of low effective utilization rate of the fan; (3) solving the problem of high energy consumption of the fan; (4) solving the problem of mutual interference of airflow in the exhaust duct; (5) solving the problem of large vortex in the airflow of the exhaust duct; and (6) providing calculation and selection methods for smoke and dust extraction conditions, duct cross-sectional area, and fans.

[0030] The dust extraction structure consists of a left duct, a right duct, an extraction component assembly, and a dust extraction duct manifold structure 1. The dust extraction duct manifold structure 1 is located at one end of the dust extraction mechanism. Its gas inlet is connected to the left and right ducts. Dust and fumes drawn by the extraction component assembly enter the dust extraction duct manifold structure 1 through the left and right ducts and are then collected and discharged to the next step outside the machine. This dust extraction duct manifold structure 1 is composed of thin plates and includes several guide rounded corners, guide plates, a gas inlet, and a circular outlet. This structure has two gas inlets, and the guide rounded corners and guide plates effectively remove harmful fumes generated at different locations during laser cutting.

[0031] At the confluence of two airflows, a deflector plate is used to guide the vertically entering airflow from the two left and right ducts into a parallel exit airflow, which is then allowed to converge and exit the device. This eliminates severe interference generated during airflow convergence, reduces airflow velocity loss, and accelerates the rapid removal of smoke and dust.

[0032] At points where airflow changes direction, using guide rounded corners can reduce eddies and decrease airflow velocity loss, which is beneficial for the rapid discharge of smoke and dust.

[0033] Laser cutting machines are widely used in modern industry. They work by focusing a laser beam emitted from a laser source into a high-power-density beam through an optical path system. This beam irradiates the workpiece surface, causing it to reach its melting or boiling point. Simultaneously, high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the molten or vaporized metal. Therefore, the fumes produced during laser cutting, under the melting-cutting mechanism, primarily consist of sheet metal dust and smoke.

[0034] Current laser cutting machine dust extraction systems use long exhaust ducts and multiple auxiliary exhaust ducts to achieve the desired effect. These auxiliary exhaust ducts are used to extract dust from the working area and output airflow to the main exhaust duct. However, when the auxiliary exhaust ducts deliver flue gas to the main exhaust duct, interference can easily occur between the airflows output from each auxiliary exhaust duct, resulting in poor dust removal efficiency in the working area and low fan utilization.

[0035] The following examples are provided: Example 1: Please see Figures 1-5 This application provides a dust extraction device, comprising: a manifold structure 1, multiple air ducts 2, and multiple exhaust component assemblies 3; wherein the multiple air ducts 2 are parallel to each other; The merging structure 1 has multiple merging inlets 11 and one merging outlet 12; One end of the air duct 2 is connected to one of the flow inlets 11, and the other end of the air duct 2 is sealed; the airflow direction in the air duct 2 is perpendicular to the airflow direction in the flow junction structure 1. The exhaust component 3 is fixed to the side of the air duct 2. The exhaust component 3 is used to output airflow into the air duct 2 and to prevent the airflow in the air duct 2 from flowing out to the outside through the exhaust component 3.

[0036] In this example, by setting up a confluence structure 1 and an air duct 2, and ensuring that the airflow direction in the air duct 2 is perpendicular to the airflow direction in the confluence structure 1, the vertically entering airflow in the air duct 2 enters the confluence structure 1, where it is converted into a parallel exit airflow, and then the airflows converge and exit the device. This eliminates severe interference generated during airflow convergence, reduces airflow velocity loss, and accelerates the rapid discharge of smoke and dust, thus ensuring a stable dust removal effect in the working area and the effective utilization rate of the fan.

[0037] In this embodiment, the busbar structure 1 and the duct 2 are made of metal plates.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the busbar structure 1 further includes: a busbar pipe 13; The plurality of the aforementioned merging inlets 11 include a left merging inlet 111 and a right merging inlet 112; The left end of the manifold 13 is connected to the manifold outlet 12; The left confluence inlet 111 is connected to the confluence pipe 13, and the left confluence inlet 111 is also connected to the confluence outlet 12. The left confluence inlet 111 has a first bend 113, which is used to change the direction of airflow in the left confluence inlet 111. The right confluence inlet 112 is connected to the right end of the confluence pipe 13. The right confluence inlet 112 has a second bend 114, which is used to change the direction of airflow in the right confluence inlet 112.

[0039] In this example, the direction of airflow in the duct 2 is changed by the first bend 113 and the second bend 114, thereby avoiding the formation of turbulence in the duct 2, which would cause the airflow in the dust extraction device to be consumed by itself, reducing the extraction efficiency. This can eliminate the severe interference generated when the airflow converges, reduce the loss of airflow velocity, and accelerate the rapid discharge of smoke and dust.

[0040] Specifically, the left confluence inlet 111 includes: a left guide straight plate 1111, a left guide rounded corner plate 1112, a left upper cover plate 1113, and a left lower cover plate 1114; One end of the left guide plate is connected to the side wall of the manifold 13, and one end of the left guide rounded corner plate 1112 matches the end of the left guide plate away from the manifold 13. The matching part is used to connect to the air duct 2. The other end of the left guide rounded corner plate 1112 is connected to the manifold outlet 12. The left guide rounded corner plate 1112 is used to form the first bend 113 in the left manifold inlet 111. The upper left cover plate 1113 is connected to the left guide rounded corner plate 1112, the top of the left guide rounded corner plate 1112 and the manifold 13; The lower left cover plate 1114 is connected to the left guide rounded corner plate 1112, the bottom of the left guide rounded corner plate 1112 and the manifold 13.

[0041] Specifically, the right confluence inlet 112 includes: a right guide inner rounded corner plate 1121, a right guide outer rounded corner plate 1122, a right inner extension plate 1123, a right outer extension plate 1124, a right upper cover plate 1125, and a right lower cover plate 1126. The right guide inner rounded corner plate 1121 and the right guide outer rounded corner plate 1122 match each other to form a channel for ventilation; One end of the right guide inner rounded corner plate 1121 is connected to the manifold 13, and the other end of the right guide inner rounded corner plate 1121 is connected to the right inner extension plate 1123; One end of the right guide outer rounded corner plate 1122 is connected to the manifold 13, and the other end of the right guide outer rounded corner plate 1122 is connected to the right outer extension plate 1124; The upper right cover plate 1125 is connected to the top of the right inner rounded corner plate 1121, the right outer rounded corner plate 1122, the right inner extension plate 1123, and the right outer extension plate 1124; The lower right cover plate 1126 is connected to the bottom of the right inner rounded corner plate 1121, the right outer rounded corner plate 1122, the right inner extension plate 1123, and the right outer extension plate 1124.

[0042] In this example, by setting the left guide rounded corner plate 1112, the right guide inner rounded corner plate 1121, and the right guide outer rounded corner plate 1122, the use of guide rounded corners at the point where the airflow changes direction can reduce eddies, reduce the loss of airflow velocity, and facilitate the rapid discharge of smoke and dust.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of ducts 2 include a left duct 21 and a right duct 22; The left air duct 21 is connected to the left confluence inlet 111; The right duct 22 is connected to the right confluence inlet 112.

[0044] In this step, by setting up the left duct 21 and the right duct 22, the minimum level of dust extraction in the work area is achieved, which maximizes the reduction of manufacturing costs while ensuring the minimum dust removal effect.

[0045] Optionally, the plurality of ducts 2 may further include: at least one central duct 2; One end of the central air duct 2 is connected to the side of the manifold duct 13.

[0046] In this example, by setting at least one central duct 2, the number of points for exhaust and dust removal in the work area is expanded, thereby further improving the efficiency of exhaust and dust removal.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the side of the duct 2 has at least one connecting nozzle 23, which extends out of the side wall of the duct 2; The connecting nozzle 23 connects the inside of the air duct 2 to the outside; The exhaust component 3 is fixed inside the connecting nozzle 23.

[0048] In this example, by setting the connecting nozzle 23, installation space is provided for the exhaust component 3, avoiding the exhaust component 3 from blocking the airflow in the duct 2, and ensuring the flow efficiency of the airflow in the duct 2.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the exhaust component 3 includes: a filter element 31, a damper plate 32, and a control mechanism 33; The filter element 31 is fixed inside the connecting nozzle 23; The damper plate 32 is located between the filter element 31 and the internal air duct of the air duct 2; The damper plate 32 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the connecting nozzle 23 via a rotating shaft 34; The control mechanism 33 is connected to the rotating shaft 34. The control mechanism 33 is used to drive the rotating shaft 34 to rotate, so that the damper plate 32 opens and closes the connecting nozzle 23.

[0050] In this example, by setting filter element 31, dust particles in the working area are adsorbed, preventing dust and particulate matter from flowing out of the gas handling equipment through the manifold outlet 12, and preventing the particles from impacting and damaging the air duct 2 and the manifold structure 1.

[0051] By setting the damper plate 32 and controlling it through the control mechanism 33, the dust extraction points in the working area can be opened in a targeted manner, which is suitable for different working conditions. This allows the flue gas to selectively enter the duct 2 through the connector 23. The flue gas will then enter the gas treatment equipment through the duct 2 and the manifold structure 1, and through the manifold outlet 12, enabling the gas treatment equipment to treat the harmful gases generated in the working area in a targeted manner.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism 33 includes: a cylinder 331, a fixing frame 332, a U-shaped lifting lug 333, and a single-ear plate sleeve 334; The cylinder 331 is connected to the fixed frame 332; The fixing bracket 332 is fixed to the outside of the connecting nozzle 23; The cylinder rod of the cylinder 331 is connected to the base plate of the U-shaped lifting lug 333; The ear plate of the single ear plate sleeve 334 is inserted between the two ear plates of the U-shaped hanging ear 333, and the ear plate of the single ear plate sleeve 334 is rotatably connected to the ear plate of the U-shaped hanging ear 333. The cylinder of the single-ear sleeve 334 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 34.

[0053] In this example, the cylinder 331 extends and retracts its cylinder 331 rod, causing the U-shaped lifting lug 333 to drive the single lug sleeve to rotate. The single lug sleeve will drive the rotating shaft 34 to rotate, thereby realizing the control of the opening and closing of the damper plate 32.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, it further includes: a support frame 4 and a plurality of feet 5; The duct structure 1 and the air duct 2 are fixed inside the support frame 4; The foot 5 is detachably connected to the bottom of the support frame 4.

[0055] In this example, a support frame 4 is used to fix the air duct 2 and the manifold structure 1; and feet 5 are used to ensure that the exhaust dust removal device can be stably placed in the work area.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the support frame 4 includes: two support columns 41 and a plurality of support beams 42; The two support columns 41 are arranged in parallel; The two ends of the support beam 42 are respectively connected to the two support columns 41, and one support beam 42 is located between two adjacent connecting nozzles 23.

[0057] In this example, by placing the support beam 42 between the two connecting nozzles 23, the strength of the support frame 4 is ensured while the airflow absorbed by each connecting nozzle 23 is stable and does not interfere with each other.

[0058] Example 2: Please see Figures 1-6 This application provides an equipment management method for a dust extraction device, applied to the dust extraction device in Embodiment 1. The equipment management method is used to select the fan connected to the dust extraction device and control the operation of the fan. The equipment management method includes: S101: Simulate the dust extraction requirements of the target work area to obtain the regional wind speed at the center point of the work area; wherein, the regional wind speed is the minimum wind speed at the center point of the work area that can meet the extraction requirements. S102: Using the regional wind speed as the initial wind speed of the confluence inlet 11 in the dust extraction device, a gradient test is performed on the dust extraction device to obtain the inlet flow rate of the confluence inlet 11; wherein, the inlet flow rate is used to ensure that the wind speed at the center point of the working area reaches the regional wind speed. S103: Determine the fan based on the air inlet flow rate, and determine the optimal operating point of the fan based on the performance curve of the fan and the pipe resistance curve of the dust extraction device. S104: Drive the fan according to the optimal operating point.

[0059] In this example, the target working area is a workspace that generates fumes, dust, or harmful gases, such as an open processing area of ​​a laser cutting machine, welding station, or grinding station. This area typically has clearly defined geometric dimensions and the location of the fume release source.

[0060] The area wind speed refers to the minimum effective airflow velocity threshold at the center point of the work area that can effectively capture and transport smoke and dust. When the wind speed is below this threshold, there is a risk of smoke and dust being trapped, flowing back, or spreading.

[0061] A 3D model is built based on the existing equipment structure that meets the ventilation requirements. Numerical simulation of the smoke and dust extraction operation is performed using fluid simulation software (such as SolidWorks Flow Simulation or similar CFD tools).

[0062] By setting up the source of smoke and dust release, environmental pressure conditions, and the location of the exhaust vents, the velocity distribution at the center point of the working area under different exhaust capacities was analyzed.

[0063] Simulation results show that when the airflow velocity at the center point of the working area reaches 0.3 m / s, the smoke and dust can be stably sucked away without significant diffusion. Therefore, 0.3 m / s is determined as the minimum area wind speed to meet the dust extraction requirements.

[0064] The regional wind speed (e.g., 0.3 m / s) determined in step S101 is used as the reference initial wind speed condition for the confluence inlet 11 in the dust extraction device, and is used to reverse-derive the total air intake required by the system.

[0065] By changing the air intake parameters of the confluence inlet 11, the velocity response at the center point of the working area under different air intake conditions is analyzed, thereby determining the minimum air intake flow rate that meets the area wind speed requirements.

[0066] Establish a complete 3D model of the exhaust and dust removal device, including the working area, dust collection hood, confluence inlet 11, and some pipeline structures; set the inlet flow velocity to a gradient range of 0.3–1.2 m / s; the number of meshes should not be less than 1 million to ensure simulation accuracy and pass mesh independence verification; the outlet should be set as a pressure outlet or connected to an ideal fan model.

[0067] Through multiple simulation comparisons, it was found that when the inlet flow rate of the confluence inlet 11 reaches or exceeds 1000 m³ / s... 3 At a flow rate of / h, the airflow velocity at the center point of the working area can be stably maintained at 0.3 m / s. Therefore, this inlet flow rate was determined as the minimum system airflow requirement to ensure the dust extraction effect in the target area.

[0068] Under different inlet flow rates, pressure loss data inside the exhaust dust removal device is obtained through fluid simulation or theoretical calculation; the pressure loss includes straight pipe friction resistance, elbow local resistance, and loss of the confluence structure 1, etc.; the flow rate is fitted with the corresponding pressure loss to obtain the pipe resistance curve (ΔP–Q curve).

[0069] The rated air volume of the fan must cover or slightly exceed the inlet flow rate; the rated pressure of the fan must overcome the pipe resistance; centrifugal fans that operate in the high-efficiency range are preferred.

[0070] Example fan selection: Select centrifugal fan model 4-72A-4A-5.5KW; obtain the performance curve (air volume – total pressure – efficiency curve) of this fan.

[0071] Plot the fan performance curve and the pipeline resistance curve on the same coordinate system; the intersection of the two curves is the stable operating point of the system. In the example, the intersection corresponds to: air volume Q ≈ 9880 m³ 3 / h; Total pressure ΔP ≈ 1826 Pa, this point is located in the high-efficiency operating range of the fan, and is determined to be the optimal operating point.

[0072] To ensure that the fan operates stably at or near the optimal operating point during actual operation, so as to balance dust extraction efficiency and energy consumption.

[0073] The fan speed is adjusted by a frequency converter; the fan operating parameters are dynamically adjusted based on real-time air volume, pressure, or speed feedback.

[0074] The control logic is: Start-up phase: The fan rapidly accelerates to near its optimal operating point; Steady-state operation phase: Maintain airflow and pressure within the target range; When operating conditions change (such as workstation opening / closing): recalculate or call preset parameters for adjustment according to requirements.

[0075] In this embodiment, the data table used in the fluid simulation is shown below: In this embodiment, Figure 7 The flow velocity of the airflow in the confluence structure 1 is shown in the fluid simulation.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the pipe resistance curve is determined by the following method: Fluid simulation was performed on the confluence structure 1 and duct 2 in the dust extraction device based on the flow rates of multiple air inlets to obtain the pressure loss under the flow rate of each air inlet. The flow rates and pressure losses of multiple air inlets are fitted to obtain the pipeline resistance curve.

[0077] In this example, the pipeline resistance curve in this technical solution is used to characterize the total system pressure loss variation of the dust extraction device under different inlet flow conditions, and is a key basis for fan selection and determination of the optimal operating point.

[0078] The pipeline resistance curve comprehensively reflects the frictional and local resistance generated by components such as the confluence structure 1, duct 2, elbows, and diameter change sections.

[0079] The curve was not directly estimated using empirical formulas, but rather obtained through a standard k-ε turbulence model or an equivalent engineering turbulence model to improve the accuracy of drag calculations and better reflect actual structures. The total number of grids is no less than 1 million, and grid independence has been verified.

[0080] The pressure loss is the total system pressure loss, defined as: the total pressure difference between the inlet cross-section and the outlet cross-section; that is: the total pressure difference between the cross-sections of the multiple confluence inlets 11 and the confluence outlet 12.

[0081] In this embodiment, steady-state fluid simulation calculations are performed for each preset air inlet flow condition; Read the following from the simulation results: Average total pressure at the air inlet cross-section; Average total pressure at the air outlet cross-section; The difference between the two is taken as the pressure loss value under the corresponding air inlet flow rate; Repeat the above steps to obtain multiple inlet flow rate-pressure loss data points.

[0082] Independent and dependent variables are set, with the inlet flow rate Q as the independent variable and the corresponding system pressure loss ΔP as the dependent variable. The data points constitute a discrete flow rate-pressure loss dataset. Since the pressure loss and flow rate are approximately quadratically related under turbulent conditions in the pipeline, a quadratic function or power function is used for fitting, and the least squares method is used to fit the simulation data to obtain the pipeline resistance curve.

[0083] A continuous pressure loss-flow curve is generated based on the fitted functional relationship; The curve is the pipeline resistance curve of the dust extraction and dust removal device. The pipeline resistance curve is used to overlay the fan performance curve for analysis in order to determine the system operating point.

[0084] For example, 1. Determining the flow rate under the condition of smoke and dust extraction.

[0085] The following experiment was conducted to verify the relationship between smoke extraction efficiency and flow velocity: Based on the existing structure of a laser cutting machine with a working area 1.5 meters wide that already meets ventilation requirements, a simulation was conducted, yielding a velocity of 0.3 m / s at the center point of the working area. Subsequent simulation tests were then performed using this 0.3 m / s velocity as the baseline.

[0086] 2. Flow field simulation and parameter design in the working area: • Simulation model: A 3D model is built based on Solidworks, and the boundary conditions are set as follows: ◦ Inlet flow rate: 0.3-1.2 m / s gradient test ◦ Grid independence verification: number of grids ≥ 1 million.

[0087] • Key conclusion: Inlet airflow must be ≥1000m³ / h 3 / h is required to ensure a flow velocity of 0.3M / S at the center point of the work area.

[0088] 3. Piping system and fan matching design • Pipeline resistance curve: The pipeline resistance curve is obtained based on the pressure loss under different flow rates in fluid simulation.

[0089] • Fan selection: Select centrifugal fan model 4-72A-4A-5.5KW, whose performance curve intersects the pipeline curve at point Q=9880m. 3 The optimal operating point is when / H and ΔP = 1826Pa.

[0090] In summary, this application uses a flow field simulation method based on the lowest effective suction velocity in the working area to reverse-determine the system inlet flow rate, pipe resistance characteristics, and the optimal operating point of the fan. This reduces fan energy consumption while suppressing mutual interference and eddy current phenomena in the pipe. It also provides a quantifiable, calculable, and reproducible method for determining smoke and dust suction conditions, pipe cross-sections, and fan selection.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0092] Other embodiments of the present application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The embodiments of the present application are intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the embodiments of the present application that follow the general principles of the embodiments of the present application and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the embodiments of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0093] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application are not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from their scope. The scope of the embodiments of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A suction dust extraction device, characterized in that The application relates to an air-extracting and dust-removing device. The device comprises a converging structure, a plurality of air ducts and a plurality of air-extracting components. The plurality of air ducts are parallel to each other. The converging structure has a plurality of converging inlets and a converging outlet. One end of the air duct is connected to one of the converging inlets, and the other end of the air duct is sealed.

2. The suction dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow direction of the air flow in the air duct is perpendicular to the flow direction of the air flow in the converging structure. The air-extracting component is fixed to the side of the air duct. The air-extracting component is used to output air flow into the air duct and prevent the air flow in the air duct from flowing out of the air-extracting component to the outside. The converging structure further comprises a converging pipeline. The plurality of converging inlets comprise a left converging inlet and a right converging inlet.

3. The suction dedusting device according to claim 2, characterized in that The left end of the converging pipeline is connected to the converging outlet. The left converging inlet is connected to the converging pipeline and the converging outlet. The left converging inlet has a first bend for changing the flow direction of the air flow in the left converging inlet.

4. The dust extraction device of claim 1, wherein The right converging inlet is connected to the right end of the converging pipeline. The right converging inlet has a second bend for changing the flow direction of the air flow in the right converging inlet. The plurality of air ducts comprise a left air duct and a right air duct.

5. The suction dedusting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The left air duct is connected to the left converging inlet. The right air duct is connected to the right converging inlet. The side of the air duct has at least one connecting mouth which extends out of the side wall of the air duct. The connecting mouth is connected to the inside of the air duct and the outside. The air-extracting component is fixed in the connecting mouth.

6. The dust extraction device of claim 5, wherein, The air-extracting component comprises a filter core, an air door and a control mechanism. The filter core is fixed in the connecting mouth. The air door is located between the filter core and the internal air duct of the air duct. The air door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the connecting mouth through a rotating shaft. The control mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft. The control mechanism is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the air door opens and closes the connecting mouth.

7. The dust extraction device of claim 4, wherein The control mechanism comprises a cylinder, a fixing frame, a U-shaped lifting lug and a single lug sleeve. The cylinder is connected to the fixing frame. The fixing frame is fixed to the outside of the connecting mouth. The cylinder rod of the cylinder is connected to the bottom plate of the U-shaped lifting lug.

8. The dust extraction device of claim 7, wherein, The lug of the single lug sleeve is inserted between the two lugs of the U-shaped lifting lug. The lug of the single lug sleeve is rotatably connected to the lug of the U-shaped lifting lug. The cylinder body of the single lug sleeve is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

9. An equipment management method of a dust extraction device, characterized by, The application further relates to a device management method. The device management method is used to select a fan connected to the air-extracting and dust-removing device and control the operation of the fan. The device management method comprises the following steps. Simulate according to the dust extraction requirement of the target working area to obtain the area wind speed of the center point of the working area; wherein the area wind speed is the lowest wind speed that can meet the dust extraction requirement of the center point of the working area; Take the area wind speed as the initial wind speed of the confluence inlet of the dust extraction device, and perform gradient test on the dust extraction device to obtain the inlet flow of the confluence inlet; wherein the inlet flow is used to ensure that the wind speed of the center point of the working area reaches the area wind speed; Determine the fan according to the inlet flow, and determine the best working point of the fan according to the performance curve of the fan and the pipeline resistance curve of the dust extraction device; Drive the fan according to the best working point.

10. The device management method according to Claim 9, characterized by, The pipeline resistance curve is determined by the following method: According to a plurality of inlet flows, perform fluid simulation on the confluence structure and air pipe in the dust extraction device to obtain the pressure loss under each inlet flow; Fit a plurality of inlet flows and their pressure losses to obtain the pipeline resistance curve.

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