Step heat storage device and heat storage method based on phase change heat storage material

Abstract

This invention relates to a stepped thermal storage device and method based on phase change thermal storage materials. The invention pertains to the field of stepped thermal storage technology and includes: a thermal storage cylinder with a top cover, a water inlet pipe fixedly installed on the top of the top cover, a flow-blocking block inside the top cover, and a control component for moving the flow-blocking block; an inner tank fixedly installed inside the thermal storage cylinder, containing several stepped plates, with several phase change material heat exchange rods and several drainage grooves fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plates; two pull rods slidably installed inside the inner tank, with several moving brackets fixedly installed on the pull rods, and linkage plates fixedly connected to the stepped plates on the moving brackets; through the phase change material heat exchange rods, partitions, and baffles on the stepped plates, the water in the inner tank can have a longer contact time with the phase change material heat exchange rods, thereby achieving a high-quality heat exchange effect and ensuring that each batch of water entering the thermal storage cylinder can undergo high-quality heat exchange.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of stepped thermal energy storage technology, and particularly relates to stepped thermal energy storage devices and methods based on phase change thermal energy storage materials. Background Technology

[0002] Tiered thermal energy storage based on phase change materials (PCMs) is a high-efficiency energy storage technology developed by leveraging the latent heat storage characteristics of PCMs. Its core principle is to construct a multi-level thermal storage unit structure with a temperature gradient by configuring materials with different phase change temperatures. This technology utilizes the advantage of PCMs absorbing or releasing large amounts of latent heat during phase change. In the heat storage stage, energy is stored sequentially from high to low temperature PCMs according to the heat source temperature, achieving graded capture of heat energy of different grades. In the heat release stage, thermal storage units with corresponding temperature levels are matched to output energy according to user needs, achieving tiered utilization of thermal energy. It features high thermal storage density and stable temperature output, making it suitable for various scenarios such as solar energy utilization, industrial waste heat recovery, and building heating. By optimizing energy distribution, it improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system, providing technical support for energy supply and demand balance.

[0003] Traditional stepped thermal storage devices often suffer from poor heat exchange efficiency because the water flows too fast within the device, resulting in insufficient contact time with the phase change thermal storage material. This not only prevents each batch of water entering the storage device from achieving high-quality heat exchange but also wastes a significant amount of thermal energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a stepped thermal storage device and method based on phase change thermal storage materials to solve existing problems.

[0005] This invention provides a stepped thermal storage device and method based on phase change thermal storage materials. The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage materials includes:

[0006] A heat storage cylinder, the top of which is provided with a top cover, a water inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the top cover, a flow interceptor is provided inside the top cover, and a control component for moving the flow interceptor is provided inside the top cover;

[0007] The inner liner is fixedly installed inside the heat storage cylinder. The inner liner is provided with several stepped plates. Several phase change material heat exchange rods and several troughs are fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plates. Two tie rods are slidably installed inside the inner liner. Several moving brackets are fixedly installed on the tie rods. The moving brackets are provided with linkage plates fixedly connected to the stepped plates. A connecting rod is fixedly installed on one side of the tie rod.

[0008] The motor is fixedly installed inside the heat storage cylinder, and a rotor sleeved with a connecting rod is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the water required for heat exchange is introduced into the heat storage cylinder through the inlet pipe. Simultaneously, the motor and phase change material heat exchange rods are activated. After entering the inlet pipe, the water flows downward through the gap between the intercepting block and the intercepting groove and into the heat storage cylinder. At the same time, the motor drives the rotor to rotate, and the rotor drives the connecting rod to move up and down continuously through the linkage groove. The connecting rod drives the pull rod and the shifting frame to move up and down synchronously inside the inner tank. When the shifting frame moves, it causes the linkage plate to swing up and down. The linkage plate causes the stepped plate to swing around the fixed column as the axis. Then, after entering the heat storage cylinder, the water directly enters the inner tank and falls onto the highest stepped plate. At the same time, the water comes into contact with the continuously heated phase change material heat exchange rods and exchanges heat. Then, it flows down the stepped plates from the highest stepped plate to the next stepped plate. At the same time, the water leaks down from the drain, so that the water exchanges heat with the phase change material heat exchange rods at different positions in sequence. After the water flows to the lowest stepped plate, it flows from the inner tank to the bottom of the heat storage cylinder and is finally discharged directly from the drain pipe.

[0010] The swingable stepped plate and linkage plate inside the inner tank, along with the vertically moving frame and pull rod, allow the stepped plate inside the inner tank to swing continuously. The phase change material heat exchange rod, partition rod, and baffle on the stepped plate allow the water inside the inner tank to be in contact with the phase change material heat exchange rod for a longer period of time, thus achieving a high-quality heat exchange effect.

[0011] Preferably, the control component includes:

[0012] The inner groove is opened inside the top cover, the intercepting block is slidably installed inside the inner groove, and the top cover has an intercepting groove that communicates with the inner groove.

[0013] A screw is threaded onto the top cover. A handle is fixedly installed on the top of the screw, and a pressure rod is rotatably installed on the bottom of the screw within the inner groove. A pressure column, which contacts the intercepting block, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pressure rod. By controlling the movement of the intercepting block within the inner groove and the intercepting channel through the control component, personnel can rotate the screw by turning the handle and control the distance between the intercepting block and the intercepting channel through the pressure rod and pressure column. This controls the flow rate of the water entering the inner tank, thereby preventing the water from flowing too fast within the inner tank.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the inner groove is provided with sliding grooves on both sides, and a slider fixed to the intercepting block is slidably installed in the sliding groove; by moving the slider in the sliding groove, it can be ensured that the intercepting block can move stably in the inner groove, avoiding the problem of jamming during movement.

[0015] Preferably, an opening is provided on one side of the intercepting block, and a tension spring fixedly installed in the opening and fixed to the inner wall of the inner groove is provided. A lower groove adapted to the tension spring is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod. The lower groove can be offset from the tension spring to ensure that the tension spring can stably pull the intercepting block away from the intercepting groove, thereby allowing the intercepting block to automatically move and reset in the inner groove.

[0016] Preferably, limiting edges are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the inner liner, one side of the limiting edge is in contact with one side of the pull rod, and a fixed column is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner liner. A rotating groove is opened on one side of the stepped plate to be rotatably connected to the fixed column. The limiting edges can restrict the pull rod inside the inner liner, ensuring that the pull rod can only move up and down inside the inner liner. The fixed column can ensure that the phase change material heat exchange rod can swing inside the inner liner.

[0017] Preferably, a groove is provided on one side of the linkage plate, and the groove is slidably adapted to the moving frame; by sliding the moving frame and the groove, there is enough space for the linkage plate to swing continuously when it swings, thereby stably driving the stepped plate to swing inside the inner liner.

[0018] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the stepped plate, and the plurality of phase change material heat exchange rods and the plurality of troughs are all distributed at equal intervals. A plurality of partition rods are fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plate, and the plurality of partition rods and the plurality of phase change material heat exchange rods are staggered. The partition rods on the stepped plate can separate the water on the stepped plate, ensuring that the water on the stepped plate can contact the phase change material heat exchange rods, thereby achieving a higher quality heat exchange effect.

[0019] Preferably, a linkage groove is provided on one side of the rotating head, and the linkage groove is slidably adapted to the connecting rod; when the rotating head rotates, it drives the connecting rod to move up and down through the linkage groove, thereby stably driving the pull rod to move up and down inside the inner liner.

[0020] Preferably, the top cover is fixed to the top of the heat storage cylinder by bolts, a connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top cover, a docking groove adapted to the connecting pipe is opened at the top of the heat storage cylinder, a drain pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat storage cylinder, and several legs are fixedly installed on the outer circumferential wall of the heat storage cylinder; when the top cover is installed on the heat storage cylinder, the connecting pipe can be inserted into the docking groove to facilitate the top cover to fit snugly with the top of the heat storage cylinder, ensuring that the top cover can accurately align with the top of the heat storage cylinder.

[0021] A stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage materials includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: The water required for heat exchange is introduced into the heat storage tank through the inlet pipe. Simultaneously, the motor and phase change material heat exchange rod are activated. After entering the inlet pipe, the water flows downwards through the gap between the intercepting block and the intercepting groove, entering the heat storage tank. To control the flow rate of the water entering the heat storage tank, the operator can turn the handle. The handle will drive the screw to rotate, and under the action of the thread, the screw will continuously move downwards, driving the pressure rod downwards. The pressure rod will cause the pressure column to continuously squeeze one side of the intercepting block, pushing the intercepting block towards the intercepting groove, thereby controlling the flow rate. The distance between the flow-blocking block and the flow-blocking groove is controlled. As the flow-blocking block moves, the tension spring will be continuously stretched. At the same time, the output end of the motor will drive the rotor to rotate. The rotor will drive the connecting rod to move up and down continuously through the linkage groove. The connecting rod will drive the pull rod and the moving frame to move up and down synchronously in the inner liner. When the moving frame moves, it will drive the linkage plate to swing up and down through the pull groove. The moving frame will move along the pull groove as the linkage plate swings. The linkage plate will drive the stepped plate to swing around the fixed column as the axis. When the stepped plate swings, it will drive the phase change material heat exchange rod, the partition rod and the baffle to swing synchronously.

[0023] S2: After entering the heat storage cylinder, the water will directly enter the inner tank and fall onto the highest step plate. At the same time, the water will come into contact with the continuously heated phase change material heat exchange rod and exchange heat. Then, it will flow down the step plate from the highest step plate. Meanwhile, the water will leak down from the trough, so that the water exchanges heat with the phase change material heat exchange rod at each different position in turn.

[0024] S3: After the water flows to the lowest step plate, it will flow from the inner tank to the bottom of the heat storage cylinder and finally be discharged directly from the drain pipe.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The swingable stepped plate and linkage plate inside the inner tank, together with the up-and-down moving frame and pull rod, can make the stepped plate inside the inner tank swing continuously. Through the phase change material heat exchange rod, partition rod and baffle on the stepped plate, the water in the inner tank can be in contact with the phase change material heat exchange rod for a longer time, thus achieving a high-quality heat exchange effect. This ensures that each batch of water entering the heat storage cylinder can exchange heat with high quality, while avoiding the waste of a lot of heat energy.

[0027] 2. By moving the intercepting block within the inner tank and intercepting trough, personnel can rotate the screw by turning the handle, and control the distance between the intercepting block and the intercepting trough by using the pressure rod and pressure column. This allows control over the flow rate of the water entering the inner tank, thus preventing the water from flowing too fast within the inner tank.

[0028] 3. The water on the stepped plate can be separated by the partition rods, ensuring that all the water on the stepped plate can come into contact with the phase change material heat exchange rods, thereby achieving a higher quality heat exchange effect.

[0029] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the top cover and heat storage sleeve of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat storage cylinder of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the inner liner of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the stepped plate and inner liner of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled frame and inner liner of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the rotor and connecting rod of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the top cover of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1. Heat storage cylinder; 2. Drain pipe; 3. Top cover; 4. Water inlet pipe; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Connecting groove; 7. Inner liner; 8. Fixed column; 9. Edge limiting; 10. Stepped plate; 11. Leakage groove; 12. Phase change material heat exchange rod; 13. Partition rod; 14. Rotary groove; 15. Baffle; 16. Linkage plate; 17. Pull groove; 18. Pull rod; 19. Shifting frame; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Motor; 22. Rotating head; 23. Linkage groove; 24. Inner groove; 25. Intercepting groove; 26. Slide groove; 27. Intercepting block; 28. Sliding block; 29. ​​Opening; 30. Tension spring; 31. Screw; 32. Handle; 33. Pressure rod; 34. Lower groove; 35. Pressure column; 36. Support leg. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the description, claims and drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0044] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the present invention. For example, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "joining" of a mechanical structure can refer to a physical connection. A physical connection can be a fixed connection, such as a connection secured by fasteners, such as screws, bolts, or other fasteners; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] This invention provides, for example Figure 1 - Figure 9 The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material shown includes:

[0049] The heat storage cylinder 1 has a top cover 3 on its top. A water inlet pipe 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the top cover 3. A flow interceptor 27 is provided inside the top cover 3. A control component for moving the flow interceptor 27 is provided inside the top cover 3.

[0050] The inner liner 7 is fixedly installed inside the heat storage cylinder 1. The inner liner 7 is provided with several stepped plates 10. Several phase change material heat exchange rods 12 and several troughs 11 are fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plates 10. Two tie rods 18 are slidably installed inside the inner liner 7. Several moving brackets 19 are fixedly installed on the tie rods 18. The moving brackets 19 are provided with linkage plates 16 that are fixedly connected to the stepped plates 10. A connecting rod 20 is fixedly installed on one side of the tie rods 18.

[0051] Motor 21 is fixedly installed inside the heat storage cylinder 1, and a rotor 22 sleeved with connecting rod 20 is fixedly installed at the output end of motor 21.

[0052] Furthermore, the water required for heat exchange is introduced into the heat storage cylinder 1 through the inlet pipe 4. At the same time, the motor 21 and the phase change material heat exchange rod 12 are turned on. After the water enters the inlet pipe 4, it passes down through the gap between the intercepting block 27 and the intercepting groove 25 and flows into the heat storage cylinder 1. Simultaneously, the motor 21 drives the rotor 22 to rotate. The rotor 22 drives the connecting rod 20 to move up and down continuously through the linkage groove 23. The connecting rod 20 drives the pull rod 18 and the shifting frame 19 to move up and down synchronously within the inner tank 7. When the shifting frame 19 moves, it drives the linkage plate 16 to swing up and down. The linkage plate 16 drives the stepped plate. The water body oscillates around the fixed column 8. After entering the heat storage cylinder 1, the water body will directly enter the inner tank 7 and fall onto the highest step plate 10. At the same time, the water body will come into contact with and exchange heat with the continuously heated phase change material heat exchange rod 12. Then, it will flow down the step plate 10 from the highest step plate 10. Meanwhile, the water body will leak down from the trough 11, so that the water body will exchange heat with the phase change material heat exchange rod 12 at each different position in sequence. After the water body flows to the lowest step plate 10, it will flow from the inner tank 7 to the bottom of the heat storage cylinder 1, and finally be discharged directly from the drain pipe 2.

[0053] The swingable stepped plate 10 and linkage plate 16 inside the inner tank 7, together with the vertically moving frame 19 and pull rod 18, can make the stepped plate 10 inside the inner tank 7 swing continuously. Through the phase change material heat exchange rod 12, partition rod 13 and baffle 15 on the stepped plate 10, the water in the inner tank 7 can be in contact with the phase change material heat exchange rod 12 for a longer time, thereby achieving a high-quality heat exchange effect.

[0054] In this embodiment, the control component includes:

[0055] The inner groove 24 is opened inside the top cover 3. The intercepting block 27 is slidably installed inside the inner groove 24. The top cover 3 is provided with an intercepting groove 25 that communicates with the inner groove 24.

[0056] The screw 31 is threaded onto the top cover 3. A handle 32 is fixedly installed on the top of the screw 31. A pressure rod 33 is rotatably installed on the bottom of the screw 31 and located in the inner groove 24. A pressure column 35 that contacts the throttling block 27 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the pressure rod 33.

[0057] Furthermore, by controlling the movement of the intercepting block 27 within the inner tank 24 and the intercepting trough 25, personnel can rotate the screw 31 by turning the handle 32, and control the distance between the intercepting block 27 and the intercepting trough 25 through the pressure rod 33 and the pressure column 35, thereby controlling the flow rate of the water entering the inner tank 7 and preventing the water from flowing too fast within the inner tank 7.

[0058] In this embodiment, sliding grooves 26 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the inner groove 24, and a slider 28 fixed to the intercepting block 27 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 26.

[0059] Furthermore, by moving the slider 28 within the groove 26, it can be ensured that the intercepting block 27 can move stably within the inner groove 24, avoiding the problem of jamming during movement.

[0060] In this embodiment, an opening 29 is provided on one side of the intercepting block 27, and a tension spring 30 fixedly installed in the opening 29 and fixed to the inner wall of the inner groove 24 is provided. A lower groove 34 adapted to the tension spring 30 is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod 33.

[0061] Furthermore, the lower groove 34 can be offset from the tension spring 30, ensuring that the tension spring 30 can stably pull the throttling block 27 away from the throttling groove 25, thereby allowing the throttling block 27 to automatically move and reset within the inner groove 24.

[0062] In this embodiment, both sides of the inner wall of the inner liner 7 are fixedly installed with limiting edges 9. One side of the limiting edge 9 is in contact with one side of the pull rod 18. A fixed column 8 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner liner 7. A rotating groove 14 that is rotatably connected to the fixed column 8 is opened on one side of the step plate 10.

[0063] Furthermore, the pull rod 18 can be confined within the inner liner 7 by the limiting edge 9, ensuring that the pull rod 18 can only move up and down within the inner liner 7, and the phase change material heat exchange rod 12 can swing within the inner liner 7 by the fixing column 8.

[0064] In this embodiment, a groove 17 is provided on one side of the linkage plate 16, and the groove 17 is slidably adapted to the moving frame 19.

[0065] Furthermore, by sliding the frame 19 and the groove 17, there is enough space for the linkage plate 16 to swing continuously when it swings, which can stably drive the step plate 10 to swing within the inner liner 7.

[0066] In this embodiment, a baffle 15 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the stepped plate 10, and a number of phase change material heat exchange rods 12 and a number of troughs 11 are distributed at equal intervals. A number of partition rods 13 are fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plate 10, and the partition rods 13 and the phase change material heat exchange rods 12 are staggered.

[0067] Furthermore, the water on the stepped plate 10 can be separated by the partition rod 13, ensuring that the water on the stepped plate 10 can contact the phase change material heat exchange rod 12, thereby achieving a higher quality heat exchange effect.

[0068] In this embodiment, a linkage groove 23 is provided on one side of the rotating head 22, and the linkage groove 23 is slidably adapted to the connecting rod 20.

[0069] Furthermore, when the rotating head 22 rotates, it drives the connecting rod 20 to move up and down through the linkage groove 23, which in turn can stably drive the pull rod 18 to move up and down inside the inner liner 7.

[0070] In this embodiment, the top cover 3 is fixed to the top of the heat storage cylinder 1 by bolts, the bottom of the top cover 3 is fixedly installed with a connecting pipe 5, the top of the heat storage cylinder 1 is provided with a docking groove 6 suitable for the connecting pipe 5, the bottom of the heat storage cylinder 1 is fixedly installed with a drain pipe 2, and a number of support legs 36 are fixedly installed on the outer circumferential wall of the heat storage cylinder 1.

[0071] Furthermore, when installing the top cover 3 onto the heat storage cylinder 1, the connecting pipe 5 can be inserted into the docking groove 6 to facilitate the fit between the top cover 3 and the top of the heat storage cylinder 1, ensuring that the top cover 3 can be accurately docked with the top of the heat storage cylinder 1.

[0072] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0073] S1: The water required for heat exchange is introduced into the heat storage cylinder 1 through the inlet pipe 4. At the same time, the operator turns on the motor 21 and the phase change material heat exchange rod 12. After entering the inlet pipe 4, the water passes downward through the gap between the intercepting block 27 and the intercepting groove 25 and flows into the heat storage cylinder 1. When the operator needs to control the flow rate of the water entering the heat storage cylinder 1, the operator can turn the handle 32. The handle 32 will drive the screw 31 to rotate. Under the action of the thread, the screw 31 will continue to move downward, and drive the pressure rod 33 to move downward. The pressure rod 33 will drive the pressure column 35 to continuously squeeze one side of the intercepting block 27 and push the intercepting block 27 towards the intercepting groove 25, thereby controlling the flow rate of the intercepting block 27. As the flow channel 25 moves, the tension spring 30 will be continuously stretched. At the same time, the output end of the motor 21 will drive the rotor 22 to rotate. The rotor 22 will drive the connecting rod 20 to move up and down continuously through the linkage groove 23. The connecting rod 20 will drive the pull rod 18 and the shift frame 19 to move up and down synchronously in the inner liner 7. When the shift frame 19 moves, it will drive the linkage plate 16 to swing up and down through the pull groove 17. The shift frame 19 will move along the pull groove 17 as the linkage plate 16 swings. The linkage plate 16 will drive the stepped plate 10 to swing around the fixed column 8 as the axis. When the stepped plate 10 swings, it will drive the phase change material heat exchange rod 12, the partition rod 13 and the baffle 15 to swing synchronously.

[0074] S2: After entering the heat storage cylinder 1, the water will directly enter the inner tank 7 and fall onto the highest step plate 10. At the same time, the water will come into contact with the continuously heated phase change material heat exchange rod 12 and exchange heat. Then, it will flow down the step plate 10 from the highest step plate 10. Meanwhile, the water will leak down from the trough 11, so that the water will exchange heat with the phase change material heat exchange rod 12 at each different position in sequence.

[0075] S3: After the water flows to the lowest step plate 10, it will flow from the inner tank 7 to the bottom of the heat storage cylinder 1, and finally be discharged directly from the drain pipe 2.

[0076] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage materials, characterized in that, include: A heat storage cylinder (1) is provided with a top cover (3) on the top of the heat storage cylinder (1). A water inlet pipe (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the top cover (3). A flow interceptor (27) is provided inside the top cover (3). A control component for moving the flow interceptor (27) is provided inside the top cover (3). The control component includes: The inner groove (24) is opened inside the top cover (3), the intercepting block (27) is slidably installed inside the inner groove (24), and the top cover (3) is provided with an intercepting groove (25) that communicates with the inner groove (24). The inner liner (7) is fixedly installed inside the heat storage cylinder (1). The inner liner (7) is provided with several stepped plates (10). Several phase change material heat exchange rods (12) and several troughs (11) are fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plates (10). Two pull rods (18) are slidably installed inside the inner liner (7). Several moving frames (19) are fixedly installed on the pull rods (18). The moving frames (19) are provided with a linkage plate (16) fixedly connected to the stepped plates (10). A connecting rod (20) is fixedly installed on one side of the pull rods (18). The motor (21) is fixedly installed inside the heat storage cylinder (1), and the output end of the motor (21) is fixedly installed with a rotor (22) sleeved with the connecting rod (20). Both sides of the inner wall of the inner liner (7) are fixedly installed with limiting edges (9). One side of the limiting edge (9) is in contact with one side of the pull rod (18). The inner wall of the inner liner (7) is fixedly installed with a fixed column (8). A rotating groove (14) that is rotatably connected to the fixed column (8) is opened on one side of the step plate (10). A groove (17) is provided on one side of the linkage plate (16), and the groove (17) is slidably adapted to the moving frame (19); A linkage groove (23) is provided on one side of the rotating head (22), and the linkage groove (23) is slidably adapted to the connecting rod (20).

2. The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control component also includes: A screw (31) is threaded onto a top cover (3). A handle (32) is fixedly installed on the top of the screw (31). A pressure rod (33) is rotatably installed on the bottom of the screw (31) and located in the inner groove (24). A pressure column (35) that contacts the throttling block (27) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the pressure rod (33).

3. The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the inner groove (24) is provided with sliding grooves (26) on both sides, and a slider (28) fixed to the intercepting block (27) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (26).

4. The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material according to claim 2, characterized in that, An opening (29) is provided on one side of the intercepting block (27), and a tension spring (30) fixed to the inner wall of the inner groove (24) is fixedly installed in the opening (29). A lower groove (34) adapted to the tension spring (30) is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod (33).

5. The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (15) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the stepped plate (10). Several phase change material heat exchange rods (12) and several troughs (11) are arranged at equal intervals. Several partition rods (13) are fixedly installed on the top of the stepped plate (10). Several partition rods (13) and several phase change material heat exchange rods (12) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. The stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover (3) is fixed to the top of the heat storage cylinder (1) by bolts. A connecting pipe (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top cover (3). A docking groove (6) adapted to the connecting pipe (5) is opened at the top of the heat storage cylinder (1). A drain pipe (2) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat storage cylinder (1). Several support legs (36) are fixedly installed on the outer circumferential wall of the heat storage cylinder (1).

7. A thermal storage method using a stepped thermal storage device based on phase change thermal storage material as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The water body to be heated is introduced into the heat storage cylinder (1) through the inlet pipe (4). At the same time, the personnel turn on the motor (21) and the phase change material heat exchange rod (12). After the water body enters the inlet pipe (4), it will pass down through the gap between the intercepting block (27) and the intercepting groove (25) and flow into the heat storage cylinder (1). At the same time, the motor (21) will drive the rotor (22) to rotate. The rotor (22) will drive the connecting rod (20) to move up and down continuously through the linkage groove (23). The connecting rod (20) will drive the pull rod (18) and the moving frame (19) to move up and down synchronously in the inner tank (7). When the moving frame (19) moves, it will drive the linkage plate (16) to swing up and down. The linkage plate (16) will drive the step plate (10) to swing around the fixed column (8) as the axis. S2: After entering the heat storage cylinder (1), the water will directly enter the inner tank (7) and fall onto the highest step plate (10). At the same time, the water will come into contact with the continuously heated phase change material heat exchange rod (12) and exchange heat. Then, it will flow down the step plate (10) from the highest step plate (10) to the next step plate (10). At the same time, the water will leak down from the trough (11), so that the water exchanges heat with the phase change material heat exchange rod (12) at each different position in turn. S3: After the water flows to the lowest step plate (10), it will flow from the inner liner (7) to the bottom of the heat storage cylinder (1) and finally be discharged directly from the drain pipe (2).

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