Anthocyanidin extraction system

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anthocyanin extraction system, which comprises a pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and an adsorption and separation unit, and is characterized in that the pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit comprises an anthocyanin extraction device which is used for smashing and pulping plant raw materials containing anthocyanin; carrying out preliminary filtration, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and collecting extract liquid to obtain filtrate containing anthocyanin; the adsorption and separation unit comprises an anthocyanin adsorption device and an anthocyanin extraction and separation device and is used for adsorbing, extracting and separating anthocyanin in filtrate; a three-way valve is arranged between the pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and the adsorption and separation unit. The anthocyanin extraction device solves the problems that an existing anthocyanin extraction device is easy to block, and residues are not easy to clean, and has the advantages of being easy to operate and high in extraction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anthocyanin separation, and in particular to an anthocyanin extraction system. Background Art

[0002] Anthocyanidin is widely present in angiosperms. It belongs to the flavonoids in phenolic compounds and is a natural water-soluble pigment. It is reported that angiosperms from 27 families and 73 genera, including blueberries, cherries, mulberries, strawberries, eggplants, grapes, etc., all contain a certain amount of anthocyanins. Anthocyanidins, which change color with the pH of the cell sap in the vacuole, give petals different colors, and other factors such as oxygen content, temperature, and phosphorus will also change the color of anthocyanins at the same time. In recent years, many studies have shown that anthocyanins have excellent performance in scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidation, relieving visual fatigue, protecting the liver, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, and anti-cancer. Anthocyanins are not only safe and non-toxic, but also widely available. They are also a good source of natural pigments. Therefore, studying anthocyanins has become a hot topic, and the extraction and separation technology of anthocyanins is an important research branch.

[0003] At present, the process flow of anthocyanin extraction is generally crushing-hot water extraction / direct acid hydrolysis extraction / ultrasonic assisted extraction / microwave assisted extraction-centrifugal separation-taking supernatant for evaporation and concentration-anthocyanin crude extract, wherein crushing and extraction are generally separated and extracted by mechanical devices. For example, Chinese patent CN112823838A discloses an anthocyanin extraction device, which improves the filtering effect of the filter by vibrating the filter up and down, but the problem is that the device cannot be used to extract anthocyanins from fruits containing hard cores such as blueberries, cherries, and grapes, because the large particles formed after the hard cores are crushed are easy to clog the filter. In addition, for processing objects containing crude fiber pulp such as eggplant, the large particles of pulp formed after crushing are very easy to hang on the grid lines of the filter and are difficult to remove, so that the equipment needs to be frequently cleaned and maintained. For example, Chinese patent CN217909287U discloses a slurry filtration device for extracting anthocyanins from pitaya. The patent sets a slurry backwash mechanism to flush the filter residue on the filter screen to avoid blockage; the box extrusion setting increases the slurry pressure to ensure the flow of the slurry; the double box separation setting facilitates disassembly and maintenance. However, the problem is that the device sets a single filter screen surface, the area is not easy to expand, and the filtering efficiency is not easy to further improve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems that the existing anthocyanin extraction device is easy to clog, the residue is difficult to clean, the operation is cumbersome, and the production efficiency is seriously affected, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an anthocyanin extraction device, which solves the above technical problems well by designing a new anthocyanin extraction device.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows.

[0006] The utility model discloses an anthocyanin extraction system, comprising a pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and an adsorption and separation unit, and is characterized in that: the pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit comprises an extraction device, which is used to crush and pulp plant raw materials containing anthocyanins, and obtain a filtrate containing anthocyanins through preliminary filtration, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and extraction liquid collection; the adsorption and separation unit comprises an adsorption device and an extraction and separation device, which are used to adsorb and extract and separate anthocyanins in the filtrate; and a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, and a third three-way valve are arranged between the pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and the adsorption and separation unit.

[0007] Furthermore, an ultrasonic-assisted extraction component is arranged in the middle part of the anthocyanin extraction device, the middle of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction component is a cavity, a primary filter plate is installed on the upper part of the cavity, and a filter plate is installed on the lower part of the cavity. The interior of the extraction device is divided into a crushing and pulping chamber, an ultrasonic-assisted extraction area and an extract storage chamber by the primary filter plate and the filter plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing and pulping chamber is provided with a blade driven by a motor, which breaks the plant raw materials into pulp, and removes the hard core of the fruit, larger particles of pulp and fibrous tissue through a primary filter plate, and the anthocyanin-containing liquid enters the ultrasonic-assisted extraction component for treatment through the primary filter plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic assisted extraction component is opened at the top and bottom and has a sieve structure on the side wall, and further solid-liquid separation of the anthocyanin-containing liquid is achieved by applying ultrasonic waves to the anthocyanin-containing liquid entering its cavity. Preferably, a groove is provided on the filter plate, and the lower end of the ultrasonic assisted extraction component is installed in the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the anthocyanin adsorption device is a plurality of adsorption columns connected end to end by a hose.

[0011] Furthermore, the anthocyanin extraction and separation device includes an extraction liquid storage tank, a separatory funnel and a product collection container. The extraction liquid storage tank is connected to the adsorption column via a hose, and the adsorption column is connected to the separatory funnel via a catheter. The anthocyanin-containing liquid is collected by the product collection container after adsorption and extraction separation.

[0012] Furthermore, the extraction liquid storage tank, the separating funnel and the product collecting container are connected as a whole through a first three-way valve; the extraction liquid in the extraction liquid storage tank is used to reversely elute the adsorption column through a second three-way valve.

[0013] Compared with the existing anthocyanin extraction device, the anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model is provided with two operating subsystems, namely a pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and an adsorption and separation unit. Through the coordinated operation of the two subsystems, the extraction range of anthocyanin-containing plants is expanded, and the utility model can be applicable to the extraction of anthocyanin from angiosperms, fruits, vegetables and flowers containing anthocyanin. For example, the plant raw materials can be blueberry, cherry, mulberry, strawberry, grape, pitaya, mango, purple cabbage, eggplant, purple sweet potato and the like.

[0014] In the anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model, the anthocyanin extraction device belongs to the original technology of the utility model. By arranging an ultrasonic-assisted extraction component in the middle part of the anthocyanin extraction device, and then dividing the interior of the anthocyanin extraction device into three different functional areas, namely, a crushing pulping chamber, an ultrasonic-assisted extraction area and an extract storage chamber together with the primary filter plate and the filter plate in the device, the plant raw material is first crushed into a pulp in the crushing pulping chamber, and the plant raw material containing hard cores, large-grained pulp and fibrous tissue is not easy to crush and remains on the primary filter plate, and the plant pulp containing fine particles enters the ultrasonic-assisted extraction area for further solid-liquid separation under the action of ultrasonic waves, and the obtained anthocyanin-containing liquid is filtered into the extract storage chamber for further adsorption and separation.

[0015] In the anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model, the adsorption and separation unit includes an adsorption device and an extraction and separation device. Anthocyanin adsorbent is filled in the adsorption column of the adsorption device, so that anthocyanin is enriched in the adsorption device, and then the adsorption column is reversely eluted using the extracting liquid stored in the extracting liquid storage tank in the extraction and separation device. The eluent containing the extracting agent is left to stand in a separating funnel for separation, and then the separated anthocyanin is collected, thereby realizing the extraction and separation of anthocyanin in plants. Therefore, the anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model has the advantages of simple operation and high extraction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model, and the accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0017] 1-motor; 2-nut; 3-upper cover; 4-extraction device body; 5-power supply; 6-protrusion; 7-extraction liquid storage chamber; 8-filter plate; 9-cavity; 10-ultrasonic assisted extraction component; 11-primary filter plate; 12-blade; 13-crushing pulping chamber; 14-conduit; 15-flow meter; 16-separating funnel; 17-check valve; 18-first three-way valve; 19-extraction liquid storage tank; 20-second three-way valve; 21-hose; 22-adsorption column; 23-third three-way valve; 24-filtrate receiver; 25-product collection container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, some specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front and back directions mentioned below are the same as Figure 1 The up-down, left-right, front-back directions of the projection relationship are consistent. It should be understood that for those skilled in the art, the features, beneficial effects and advantages of the utility model will become obvious by reading the contents disclosed in the specification of the utility model. The terms "above", "below", "first", "second", "including", "comprising" and "containing" are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0019] The anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model comprises a pulping and ultrasonic assisted extraction unit and an adsorption and separation unit. The pulping and ultrasonic assisted extraction unit is an anthocyanin extraction device, which is used to crush and pulp the plant raw material containing anthocyanin, and obtain the filtrate containing anthocyanin through preliminary filtration, ultrasonic assisted extraction, and extraction liquid collection. The pulping and ultrasonic assisted extraction unit is connected to the adsorption and separation unit through a three-way valve.

[0020] like Figure 1 In a specific embodiment of the utility model shown, the anthocyanin extraction device is an integrated pulping and extraction device with an ultrasonic-assisted extraction component 10 disposed in the middle, and a crushing pulping chamber 13 and an extract storage chamber 7 disposed above and below. The crushing pulping chamber 13 has an upper cover 3, and the rotating shaft of the motor 1 passes through the center of the upper cover 3 and extends into the crushing pulping chamber 13. A blade 12 is installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft. The blade 12 driven by the motor 1 rotates, so that the plant raw material is crushed into a pulp, and the hard core of the fruit, larger particles of pulp and fibrous tissue are removed through the primary filter plate 11, and the anthocyanin-containing liquid is filtered through the primary filter plate 11, and the anthocyanin-containing liquid further enters the ultrasonic-assisted extraction component 10 for ultrasonic extraction treatment.

[0021] The ultrasonic assisted extraction component 10 is open at the top and bottom and has a sieve structure on the side wall. The primary filter plate 11 is installed on the top and the filter plate 8 is installed on the bottom. The cavity 9 is in the middle and is used to receive the anthocyanin-containing liquid after filtering from the crushing pulping chamber 13. During the working process, by applying ultrasonic waves to the anthocyanin-containing liquid entering the cavity 9, under the vibration of ultrasonic waves, on the one hand, the solubility of anthocyanin in the liquid is improved, and on the other hand, the solid-liquid separation in the mixed liquid is promoted.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a groove is provided on the filter plate 8, and the lower end of the ultrasonic assisted leaching component 10 can be inserted into the groove.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, in the system of the utility model, the adsorption and separation unit includes an adsorption device and an extraction and separation device, which is used to adsorb and extract anthocyanins in the filtrate. Among them, the adsorption device is a plurality of adsorption columns 22 connected end to end by a hose. The adsorption column 22 is filled with anthocyanin adsorbent, and the adsorbent can be, for example, a macroporous adsorption resin, or activated carbon, or a molecular sieve. The extraction and separation device includes an extraction liquid storage tank 19, a separatory funnel 16 and a product collection container 25. The extraction liquid storage tank 19 is connected to the adsorption column 22 via a hose 21, and the adsorption column 22 is connected to the separatory funnel 16 via a conduit 14. The liquid containing anthocyanins is collected by the product collection container 25 (for example, a 500ml flask) after adsorption and extraction separation.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, in the system of the present invention, the extraction liquid storage tank 19, the separating funnel 16 and the product collecting container 25 are connected as a whole through the third three-way valve 23; the extraction liquid in the extraction liquid storage tank 19 is reversely eluted to the adsorption column 22 through the third three-way valve 23, so that the anthocyanins adsorbed on the adsorbent in the adsorption column 22 are desorbed.

[0025] In the system of the present invention, the extract in the extract storage tank 19 needs to be an organic solvent that does not react with the macroporous adsorption resin in the adsorption column 22 and is insoluble in water, such as ether or chloroform. This is because anthocyanins are insoluble in organic solvents such as ether and chloroform. After the reverse elution, the mixed solution enters the separatory funnel 16 and is allowed to stand for stratification, so that the separation and recovery of anthocyanins can be smoothly achieved.

[0026] It should be noted that in the anthocyanin extraction system of the present invention, the anthocyanin extraction device belongs to the original technology of the present invention. The system of the present invention is provided with an ultrasonic assisted extraction component 10 in the middle part of the anthocyanin extraction device, and then the interior of the anthocyanin extraction device is divided into three different functional areas, namely, a crushing pulping chamber 13, an ultrasonic assisted extraction area and an extract storage chamber 7 together with the primary filter plate 11 and the filter plate 8 in the device. The plant raw material is first crushed into a pulp in the crushing pulping chamber 13. For the fruit hard core, large-grained pulp and fibrous tissue, they are not easy to crush and remain in the primary filter plate 11. The plant pulp containing fine particles enters the ultrasonic assisted extraction area for further solid-liquid separation under the action of ultrasonic waves, and the obtained anthocyanin-containing liquid is filtered into the extract storage chamber 7 for further adsorption and separation.

[0027] The operation method of the anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model is as follows.

[0028] First, open the upper cover 3 and nut 2, remove the upper cover 3, and then place the cleaned plant material in the crushing pulping chamber 13, and add an appropriate amount of solvent. Then, cover the upper cover 3 and fix it with nut 2. Then fill the adsorbent (macroporous adsorption resin, or activated carbon, or molecular sieve) in the adsorption column 22, and then connect the adsorption column 22 with a hose 21, and then connect the extract liquid storage tank 19, the adsorption column 22, and the separatory funnel 16 with a conduit 14, and check that the check valve 17, the first three-way valve 18, the second three-way valve 20, and the third three-way valve 23 are in a closed state.

[0029] During the working process, the power supply 5 is turned on, the motor 1 is turned on to set the speed and working time, and the plant material is crushed and pulped. At the same time, the ultrasonic assisted extraction component 10 is turned on. After the pulping is completed, when there is no more liquid dripping from the filter plate 8 above the extract storage chamber 7, the switch of the second three-way valve 20 connected to the filtrate receiver 24 and the switch of the third three-way valve 23 connected to the adsorption column 22 are turned on in sequence to perform adsorption separation of the anthocyanin-containing liquid.

[0030] When no more liquid drips out of the filtrate receiver 24, close the switch of the second three-way valve 20 connected to the filtrate receiver 24, and then open the switch connecting the second three-way valve 20 to the adsorption column 22 and the switch connecting the third three-way valve 23 to the separatory funnel 16 in sequence. Then, use the micro pump to drive the extract (ether or chloroform) in the extract storage tank 19 to reversely elute the adsorption column 22.

[0031] After the elution is completed, the switch connecting the second three-way valve 20 to the adsorption column 22 and the switch connecting the third three-way valve 23 to the separatory funnel 16 are closed in sequence. After standing for a period of time, when the liquid in the separatory funnel 16 is obviously stratified, the flow rate of the flow meter 15 is set, and the switch connecting the first three-way valve 18 to the product collection container 25 is opened to collect the anthocyanin product. Then, the product is analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the product purity and calculate the recovery rate.

[0032] After the test is completed, the upper cover 3 of the crushing pulping chamber 13 is opened, the ultrasonic assisted leaching component 10 is taken out, the experimental device is cleaned, and the adsorbent in the adsorption column is replaced to prepare for the next set of experiments.

[0033] Compared with the existing anthocyanin extraction device, the anthocyanin extraction system of the utility model is provided with the coordinated operation of two operating subsystems, namely, a pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and an adsorption and separation unit, thereby expanding the extraction range of anthocyanin-containing plants and being applicable to the extraction of anthocyanin from angiosperms, fruits, vegetables and flowers containing anthocyanin. For example, the plant raw material may be any one of blueberry, cherry, mulberry, strawberry, grape, pitaya, mango, purple cabbage and eggplant.

[0034] The above-mentioned implementation mode is only one implementation mode of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An anthocyanin extraction system, comprising a pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit, an adsorption and separation unit, characterized in that: The pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit comprises an extraction device for crushing and pulping plant raw materials containing anthocyanins, and obtaining a filtrate containing anthocyanins through preliminary filtration, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and extraction liquid collection; the adsorption and separation unit comprises an adsorption device and an extraction and separation device for adsorbing and extracting anthocyanins in the filtrate; a first three-way valve (18), a second three-way valve (20), and a third three-way valve (23) are arranged between the pulping and ultrasonic-assisted extraction unit and the adsorption and separation unit.

2. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultrasonic-assisted extraction component (10) is arranged in the middle of the extraction device. A cavity (9) is formed in the middle of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction component (10). A primary filter plate (11) is installed on the upper part of the cavity (9), and a filter plate (8) is installed on the lower part of the cavity (9). The interior of the extraction device is divided into a crushing pulping chamber (13), an ultrasonic-assisted extraction zone, and an extraction liquid storage chamber (7) by the primary filter plate (11) and the filter plate (8).

3. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing and pulping chamber (13) is provided with a blade (12) driven by a motor (1), and the plant raw material is crushed into a pulp by the blade (12), and the hard core of the fruit, larger particles of pulp and fibrous tissue are removed through a primary filter plate (11), and the anthocyanin-containing liquid enters the ultrasonic-assisted extraction component (10) for treatment through the primary filter plate (11).

4. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic assisted extraction component (10) is open at the top and bottom and has a sieve structure on its side wall. Ultrasonic waves are applied to the anthocyanin-containing liquid entering the cavity (9) thereof to achieve further solid-liquid separation of the anthocyanin-containing liquid.

5. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter plate (8) is provided with a groove, and the lower end of the ultrasonic assisted leaching component (10) is installed in the groove.

6. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption device comprises a plurality of adsorption columns (22) connected end to end via a hose (21).

7. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extraction and separation device comprises an extraction liquid storage tank (19), a separatory funnel (16) and a product collection container (25); the extraction liquid storage tank (19) is connected to an adsorption column (22) via a hose (21); the adsorption column (22) is connected to the separatory funnel (16) via a conduit (14); and the anthocyanin-containing liquid is collected by the product collection container (25) after adsorption and extraction separation.

8. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The extraction liquid storage tank (19), the separating funnel (16) and the product collecting container (25) are connected as a whole via a first three-way valve (18).

9. The anthocyanin extraction system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The extract in the extract storage tank (19) is passed through a second three-way valve (20) to perform reverse elution on the adsorption column (22).

10. The anthocyanin extraction system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The plant raw material is any one of blueberry, cherry, mulberry, strawberry, grape, pitaya, mango, purple cabbage, eggplant and purple sweet potato.

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