Electric drive axle speed reducer end cover with lubricating and cooling functions

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric drive axle speed reducer end cover with lubricating and cooling functions, which comprises a first-shaft oil duct, a first-shaft bearing seat hole, a slag discharge port, a communication oil duct, a drainage oil duct, an oil receiving wall, an oil retaining wall, a second-shaft bearing seat hole and a sealing element mounting hole, the second-shaft bearing seat hole is matched with an inner sealing element and an outer sealing element, and a partially closed space is formed at a second-shaft bearing; the first shaft bearing seat hole and the sealing piece are matched on the end cover to form a first shaft oil pool; three oil ducts are arranged at the first-shaft oil pool, an inlet of the first-shaft oil duct is immersed in lubricating oil, the upper end of the opening of the first-shaft oil duct wraps the gear, and the cross section of the oil duct is gradually reduced from the oil inlet to the oil outlet; the drainage oil duct is arranged at the inclined upper part of the first shaft bearing; the first-shaft oil pool is higher than the second-shaft oil pool and is connected with the first-shaft bearing and the second-shaft bearing through a communicating oil duct 4; and a slag discharging opening is formed below the first shaft oil pool. Through the design of the directional lubricating oil way and the oil pool of the speed reducer end cover and the cooperation with the external cooling fins, the risk of high-temperature ablation of the electric drive axle bearing is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling functions, belonging to the technical field of automobile transmission. Background Art

[0002] Commercial vehicles are one of the important sources of greenhouse gases and air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides. In order to reduce fossil energy consumption, it is imperative to promote the electrification of commercial vehicles. Compared with traditional bridges, electric drive bridges are driven by motors, and the motor speed is much higher than the engine speed, so a special deceleration mechanism is required to reduce the speed. The electric drive bridge reducer usually uses multi-stage gear reduction to adjust the motor output speed. When the reducer is working, the internal parts will generate high heat due to high-speed rotation, causing the internal parts to operate in a high-temperature sealed space for a long time, resulting in excessive damage to the parts, especially the bearings on the side of the gear far away from the motor. The problem of high-temperature ablation is particularly serious. At present, the lubrication method for bearings is still mainly splash lubrication. Active lubrication is not suitable for daily vehicle lubrication due to its high production cost. In order to improve the operating environment of the internal parts of the main reducer and increase the service life of the electric drive bridge, it is necessary to pay attention to the lubrication and heat dissipation of the bearings during the operation of the reducer. To this end, we combine the characteristics of active lubrication, propose the concept of lubricating oil pool, and design an electric drive bridge reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling functions in view of the defects in the prior art, so as to solve the problem of poor lubrication and heat dissipation capacity of bearings under high-speed rotation of gears proposed in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to solve this technical problem, the utility model provides an end cover of an electric drive axle reducer with lubrication and cooling functions, including a first-axis oil passage, a first-axis bearing seat hole, a slag discharge port, a connecting oil passage, a drainage oil passage, an oil receiving wall, an oil retaining wall, a second-axis bearing seat hole and a seal installation hole. The second-axis bearing seat hole cooperates with the inner and outer seals to form a partially enclosed space at the second-axis bearings for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the second-axis bearings to form a second-axis oil pool; the first-axis bearing seat hole cooperates with the seal to form a first-axis oil pool on the end cover for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the first-axis bearings; the first-axis bearing seat hole cooperates with the seal to form a first-axis oil pool on the end cover for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the first-axis bearings; Three oil channels are arranged at the shaft oil pool. The inlet of the first shaft oil channel is immersed in the lubricating oil. The shape of the upper end of the opening surrounds the gear to scrape the oil. The cross section of the oil channel gradually decreases from the oil inlet to the oil outlet. The drainage oil channel is arranged obliquely above the first shaft bearing, and cooperates with the oil baffle wall and the oil receiving wall to collect the lubricating oil splashed by the gear and introduce it into the first shaft oil pool. The first shaft oil pool is higher than the second shaft oil pool, and the first shaft bearing and the second shaft bearing are connected through the connecting oil channel 4, and the lubricating oil in the first shaft oil pool is introduced into the second shaft oil pool. A slag discharge port is arranged below the first shaft oil pool for cleaning the impurities remaining in the first shaft oil pool.

[0005] The sealing element at the one-shaft bearing can be selected as an independent sealing part installed on the inner side of the one-shaft bearing, or a bearing with a single-side sealing function can be directly selected.

[0006] The inner seal of the seal installation hole only seals the space below the axis, which facilitates the lubricating oil in the second-axis oil pool to flow out and enter the reducer to form a circulation.

[0007] A plurality of heat sinks are arranged outside the reducer end cover. The heat sinks are of equal height and have long and short ribs alternately distributed, forming a radial shape with uniform wall thickness and centered on the axis of the two shafts.

[0008] The inlet height of the connecting oil passage is lower than the outlet height of the first shaft oil passage and higher than the bottom of the first shaft oil pool, so as to realize the directional flow of the first shaft lubricating oil to the second shaft bearing and ensure the oil storage capacity of the first shaft oil pool.

[0009] The three oil passages at the bearing seat hole of the first shaft are structurally arranged to have a minimum height of the connecting oil passages, so that the height of the lubricating oil in the oil pool of the first shaft, i.e., the lubricating oil content, can be controlled; the outlet of the drainage oil passage is separated from the inlet of the connecting oil passage, so as to ensure that the collected lubricating oil flows into the bearing of the first shaft and cannot flow directly to the second shaft.

[0010] The oil retaining wall is located above the second shaft bearing and forms a drainage oil passage entrance with the oil receiving wall to collect the lubricating oil splashed by the rotating gear and flow into the first shaft lubricating oil pool through the drainage oil passage.

[0011] The slag discharge port is equipped with a magnetic screw plug to ensure the sealing performance of the reducer end cover, and at the same time can realize the oil volume observation and slag cleaning functions.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The utility model solves the problems of bearing lubrication and heat dissipation and reduces the risk of high-temperature ablation of the electric drive axle bearing by designing a directional lubrication oil circuit and an oil pool on the reducer end cover in conjunction with an external heat sink structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the reducer cover of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the reducer cover of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the reducer cover of the utility model.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Oil channel of the first shaft; 2. Bearing seat hole of the first shaft; 3. Slag discharge port; 4. Connecting oil channel; 5. Drainage oil channel; 6. Oil receiving wall; 7. Oil retaining wall; 8. Bearing seat hole of the second shaft; 9. Sealing installation hole; 10. Heat sink. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the utility model provides an end cover of an electric drive axle reducer with lubrication and cooling functions, including a first-axis oil passage 1, a first-axis bearing seat hole 2, a slag discharge port 3, a connecting oil passage 4, a drainage oil passage 5, an oil receiving wall 6, an oil retaining wall 7, a second-axis bearing seat hole 8 and a seal installation hole 9. The second-axis bearing seat hole 8 cooperates with the inner and outer seals to form a partially enclosed space at the second-axis bearing for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the second-axis bearing to form a second-axis oil pool; the first-axis bearing seat hole 2 cooperates with the seal to form a first-axis oil pool on the end cover for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the first-axis bearing; three oil passages are arranged at the first-axis oil pool, and the inlet of the first-axis oil passage 1 is immersed in the lubricating oil. In the lubricating oil, the shape of the upper end of the opening surrounds the gear to scrape the oil. From the oil inlet to the oil outlet, the cross-section of the oil channel gradually decreases, so that the lubricating oil splashed by the rotation of the gear can more easily flow into the first-axis oil pool; the drainage oil channel 5 is arranged obliquely above the first-axis bearing, and cooperates with the oil baffle wall 7 and the oil receiving wall 6 to collect the lubricating oil splashed by the gear and introduce it into the first-axis oil pool; the first-axis oil pool is higher than the second-axis oil pool, and the first-axis bearing and the second-axis bearing are connected through the connecting oil channel 4, and the lubricating oil in the first-axis oil pool is introduced into the second-axis oil pool; a slag discharge port 3 is provided below the first-axis oil pool for cleaning the impurities remaining in the first-axis oil pool, which can be used to observe the state of the lubricating oil and clean the impurities in the lubricating oil.

[0019] The sealing element at the one-shaft bearing can be selected as an independent sealing part installed on the inner side of the one-shaft bearing, or a bearing with a single-side sealing function can be directly selected.

[0020] The inner seal of the seal installation hole 9 only seals the space below the axis, which facilitates the lubricating oil in the second-axis oil pool to flow out and enter the reducer to form a circulation.

[0021] A plurality of heat sinks 10 are arranged on the outside of the reducer end cover. The heat sinks 10 have equal heights and are alternately distributed with long and short ribs, forming a radial shape with uniform wall thickness and centered on the axis of the two shafts. The heat sinks 10 increase the heat exchange between the reducer end cover and the outside world, reduce the internal ambient temperature during the operation of the reducer, and cooperate with the oil pool to improve the lubrication and heat dissipation effect of the bearing.

[0022] The inlet height of the connecting oil passage 4 is lower than the outlet height of the first-axis oil passage 1 and higher than the bottom of the first-axis oil pool, so as to realize the directional flow of the first-axis lubricating oil to the second-axis bearing and ensure the oil storage capacity of the first-axis oil pool.

[0023] The three oil passages at the first-axis bearing seat hole 2 meet the following structural requirements: the connecting oil passage 4 has the lowest height, which can control the lubricating oil height, i.e., the lubricating oil content, in the first-axis oil pool; the outlet of the drainage oil passage 5 is separated from the inlet of the connecting oil passage 4, which ensures that the collected lubricating oil flows into the first-axis bearing and does not flow directly to the second axis.

[0024] The oil retaining wall 7 is located above the second shaft bearing and forms a drainage oil channel entrance with the oil receiving wall 6 to collect the lubricating oil splashed by the rotating gears and flow into the first shaft lubricating oil pool through the drainage oil channel.

[0025] The slag discharge port 3 is equipped with a magnetic screw plug to ensure the sealing performance of the reducer end cover, and at the same time can realize the oil volume observation and slag cleaning functions.

[0026] The working process of the utility model is as follows: during the gear rotation process, the lubricating oil in the reducer first enters the first-axis bearing oil pool through the first-axis oil channel 1 and the drainage oil channel 5 to achieve lubrication and cooling of the first-axis bearing. The lubricating oil collected in these two oil channels is the initial source of the lubricating oil in the directional circulation oil circuit; when the lubricating oil level in the first-axis bearing oil pool reaches the inlet of the connecting oil channel 4, the lubricating oil flows from the first-axis bearing oil pool into the second-axis bearing oil pool to achieve lubrication and cooling of the second-axis bearing, and after the lubricating oil level reaches a certain height, it flows out from the inner seals of the second-axis bearing to the reducer, thereby achieving directional flow of the lubricating oil at the reducer end cover bearing, while achieving bearing lubrication, it also takes away part of the heat at the bearing during the operation of the reducer through the flow of the lubricating oil, thereby reducing the bearing temperature.

[0027] In the utility model, the outlet of the drainage oil channel and the inlet of the connecting oil channel are staggered in space, and there is a partition in the middle. At the same time, the connecting oil channel is higher than the bottom of the first-axis lubricating oil pool, which ensures that the lubricating oil in the drainage oil channel flows into the first-axis lubricating oil pool, but will not directly enter the second-axis lubricating oil pool through the connecting oil channel, so that there is enough lubricating oil in the first-axis lubricating oil pool to lubricate the first axis; the structural distribution of each oil channel can realize the directional flow of the lubricating oil in the reducer first from the first-axis oil channel and the drainage oil channel into the first-axis bearing oil pool, and then through the connecting oil channel to flow to the second-axis bearing oil pool and finally flow back to the reducer; the first-axis oil pool and the second-axis oil pool are not at the same height, and the axes of the two are not horizontal, and there is a certain angle, so that the lubricating oil automatically flows from the first-axis oil pool into the second-axis oil pool.

[0028] The utility model solves the problems of bearing lubrication and heat dissipation and reduces the risk of high-temperature ablation of the electric drive axle bearing by designing a directional lubrication oil circuit and an oil pool on the reducer end cover in conjunction with an external heat sink structure.

[0029] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative and not exclusive, and all modifications within the scope of the present invention or equivalent to the scope of the present invention are encompassed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An end cover of an electric drive axle reducer with lubrication and cooling functions, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first-axis oil passage (1), a first-axis bearing seat hole (2), a slag discharge port (3), a connecting oil passage (4), a drainage oil passage (5), an oil receiving wall (6), an oil retaining wall (7), a second-axis bearing seat hole (8) and a sealing member installation hole (9); the second-axis bearing seat hole (8) cooperates with the inner and outer sealing members to form a partially enclosed space at the second-axis bearing for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the second-axis bearing to form a second-axis oil pool; the first-axis bearing seat hole (2) cooperates with the sealing member to form a first-axis oil pool on the end cover for storing the lubricating oil flowing into the first-axis bearing; the first-axis oil pool is provided with three oil passages, The inlet of the first-axis oil channel (1) is immersed in the lubricating oil, and the shape of the upper end of the opening surrounds the gear to scrape the oil. From the oil inlet to the oil outlet, the cross section of the oil channel gradually decreases; the drainage oil channel (5) is arranged obliquely above the first-axis bearing, and cooperates with the oil retaining wall (7) and the oil receiving wall (6) to collect the lubricating oil splashed by the gear and introduce it into the first-axis oil pool; the first-axis oil pool is higher than the second-axis oil pool, and is connected to the first-axis bearing and the second-axis bearing through the connecting oil channel (4), and the lubricating oil in the first-axis oil pool is introduced into the second-axis oil pool; a slag discharge port (3) is provided below the first-axis oil pool to clean the impurities remaining in the first-axis oil pool.

2. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing element at the one-shaft bearing can be selected as an independent sealing part installed on the inner side of the one-shaft bearing, or a bearing with a single-side sealing function can be directly selected.

3. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner seal of the seal installation hole (9) only seals the space below the axis, which facilitates the lubricating oil in the two-axis oil pool to flow out and enter the reducer to form a circulation.

4. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of heat sinks (10) are arranged outside the reducer end cover. The heat sinks (10) have equal heights and alternately distribute long and short ribs, forming a radial shape with uniform wall thickness and centered on the axis of the two shafts.

5. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inlet height of the connecting oil passage (4) is lower than the outlet height of the first-axis oil passage (1) and higher than the bottom of the first-axis oil pool, thereby achieving directional flow of the first-axis lubricating oil to the second-axis bearings and ensuring the oil storage capacity of the first-axis oil pool.

6. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three oil passages at the first shaft bearing seat hole (2) are structurally such that the height of the connecting oil passage (4) is the lowest, and the height of the lubricating oil in the first shaft oil pool, i.e., the lubricating oil content, can be controlled; the outlet of the drainage oil passage (5) is separated from the inlet of the connecting oil passage (4), ensuring that the collected lubricating oil flows into the first shaft bearing and cannot flow directly to the second shaft.

7. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil retaining wall (7) is located above the second shaft bearing and forms a drainage oil channel entrance with the oil receiving wall (6) to collect the lubricating oil splashed by the rotating gear and flow it into the first shaft lubricating oil pool through the drainage oil channel.

8. The electric drive axle reducer end cover with lubrication and cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The slag discharge port (3) is equipped with a magnetic screw plug to ensure the sealing performance of the reducer end cover, and at the same time, the oil volume observation and slag cleaning functions can be realized.

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