Plasma gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a plasma gasification furnace. The utility model discloses a plasma gasification furnace which comprises a furnace body, the furnace body comprises a material inlet, a gasification chamber and a molten glass body outlet, and the gasification chamber is communicated with the material inlet and the molten glass body outlet; the vaporizing chamber comprises a heat preservation structure and a water cooling wall, and the water cooling wall comprises a heat exchange tube, an annular inlet header and an annular outlet header; and the heat exchange pipes are communicated to the annular inlet header and the annular outlet header. The plasma gasification furnace has the beneficial effects that the service life of the furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace is prolonged, and the maintenance and replacement cost is reduced by providing the water-cooled wall furnace body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and specifically relates to a plasma gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] There are many methods for treating organic solid waste. Among them, the plasma gasification and melting treatment method has considerable advantages due to its high energy density during the treatment process, small equipment size, dioxin-free gas products, solid residue melting and vitrification, effective solidification of heavy metals to prevent them from seeping out, and no secondary pollution to the environment.

[0003] The plasma gasifier is the most important equipment in the entire melting gasification system. It generally adopts an insulated furnace body or a furnace body lined with refractory bricks with a water-cooling jacket. The structures of these two furnace bodies are simple. For the insulated furnace body and the furnace body lined with refractory bricks with a water-cooling jacket, on the one hand, the internal refractory bricks are subject to the influence of their thermal shock. On the other hand, the internal refractory bricks are eroded and washed by the glass liquid generated in the process of treating solid waste in the plasma gasifier, and the slag partly adheres to the surface of the refractory bricks, which will also cause chemical corrosion to them. Therefore, the life of the refractory bricks is relatively short. Generally, they need to be overhauled and partially replaced every 2 months, and all of them need to be replaced once a year, which is very costly. In addition, due to the large thermal inertia of the internal refractory bricks, a spare furnace is required, the initial investment cost is high, and it is a hot standby. The cold start time of the plasma gasifier is 2 to 3 days, and the operating cost is high. At the same time, the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace body is high, and the heat loss is large, which further pushes up the operating cost.

[0004] Chinese patent document 202122251624.9 discloses a plasma gasification furnace, which improves processing efficiency and energy utilization and reduces the power consumption of the plasma torch by recycling the high-temperature gas in the plasma melting furnace.

[0005] However, the furnace walls of the gasification chamber and melting chamber of the plasma gasification furnace in this scheme are set as a double-layer structure, and the inner layer is made of high thermal conductivity carbon material (such as microporous carbon bricks) or silicon carbide material through integral casting or bricklaying. It does not solve the problems of short life and high maintenance cost of refractory bricks inside the plasma furnace in the prior art, nor does it provide any technical inspiration for solving the aforementioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] 1. Technical problems to be solved:

[0007] In view of the problems in the prior art that the refractory bricks inside the plasma gasification furnace have a short life, large thermal inertia, slow start and stop, and high maintenance cost, the utility model provides a water-cooled fireplace body to extend the life of the plasma gasification furnace and reduce maintenance and replacement costs.

[0008] 2. Technical solution

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a plasma gasification furnace, including a furnace body, the furnace body including a material inlet, a gasification chamber and a molten glass outlet, the gasification chamber is connected to the material inlet and the molten glass outlet;

[0010] The vaporization chamber comprises a heat-insulating structure and a water-cooled wall, and the water-cooled wall comprises a heat exchange tube, an annular inlet header and an annular outlet header; the heat exchange tube is connected to the annular inlet header and the annular outlet header.

[0011] After the water distributed in the annular inlet header enters the heat exchange tube, the generated steam-water mixture flows into the annular outlet header and is introduced into the boiler drum. After the steam and water are separated, the saturated steam is introduced into the gas boiler for superheating.

[0012] Furthermore, the material inlet, the vaporization chamber and the molten glass outlet are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the direction of gravity.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube is one of an internally threaded tube and a smooth tube.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchange tube is an internally threaded tube.

[0015] Furthermore, an internal thread is provided on a surface of one side of the internal threaded pipe close to the fluid channel.

[0016] The internal threaded pipe can enhance heat transfer, and the heat flux density of the plasma gasification furnace is large, so the internal threaded pipe is used to enhance heat transfer and avoid the deterioration of heat transfer of the plasma gasification furnace. At the same time, compared with refractory bricks, this solution can recover the heat lost by heat dissipation of the furnace body.

[0017] Preferably, the water-cooled wall comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, and adjacent heat exchange tubes are connected by flat steel.

[0018] Furthermore, the water-cooled wall is constructed as a rotating body, and the center line of the rotating body is set as the first straight line.

[0019] In the utility model, the water-cooled wall includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes or one heat exchange tube. When the water-cooled wall includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes can all be arranged vertically relative to the first straight line, that is, there is no angle between the plurality of heat exchange tubes and the first straight line; or all are arranged obliquely, that is, there is an angle between each heat exchange tube and the first straight line; or part of them are arranged obliquely relative to the first straight line and part of them are arranged vertically; when the water-cooled wall includes one heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is constructed as a spiral coil wound in multiple circles or a cavity wound in other forms.

[0020] If the water-cooled wall contains a heat exchange tube, the water-cooled wall is constructed as a spiral coil with multiple turns of winding. This form of water-cooled wall is relatively difficult to process and maintain, and the cost is high. At the same time, the length of the fluid channel inside the pipeline is too long, and the heat transfer is easily deteriorated. Forced circulation is generally adopted. Due to the high temperature of the steam and water, the circulation pump often fails, the operation is unstable, and the operating cost is high. When the water-cooled wall contains multiple heat exchange tubes, it is constructed into a tube row structure. The water-cooled wall is simple to process and maintain. The desalted water inside adopts natural circulation, and no circulation pump is required, which saves electricity, has stable operation, and low cost. Therefore, it is the preferred technical solution for the water-cooled wall to contain multiple heat exchange tubes. In addition, the welding operation between the heat exchange tube and the flat steel in the utility model is relatively simple, and the furnace body is easy to install.

[0021] Furthermore, the furnace body is also provided with a synthesis gas outlet, and the synthesis gas outlet is located at the upper side of the gasification chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the synthesis gas outlet is located below the material inlet side.

[0023] A plasma torch is installed on the syngas outlet pipeline to restructure the syngas and reduce the presence of tar or other macromolecular substances.

[0024] Furthermore, a steam oxygen nozzle for injecting a pure oxygen / steam mixed gas into the furnace body is provided at the lower part of the furnace body.

[0025] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a heat source plasma torch, which is arranged at the lower part of the gasification chamber.

[0026] The heat source plasma torch provides heat to the plasma gasification furnace to achieve gasification and melting.

[0027] Furthermore, the furnace body is also provided with a heat source plasma torch installation opening for installing the heat source plasma torch.

[0028] Furthermore, the furnace body is also provided with a temperature measuring hole.

[0029] Furthermore, the vaporization chamber includes a contraction portion, which is connected to the molten glass outlet; the inner cavity of the contraction portion gradually contracts along the material inlet toward the molten glass outlet, and the contraction portion is close to the molten glass outlet.

[0030] Furthermore, the temperature measuring hole, the steam oxygen nozzle, and the plasma torch installation port are sequentially opened on the contraction part from top to bottom; and a temperature detection device is arranged in the inner cavity of the gasification chamber at a height corresponding to the contraction part.

[0031] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a secondary wind box, which is close to the middle of the furnace body and located above the temperature measuring hole.

[0032] The steam oxygen nozzle is used to provide gasification agent for solid waste materials, and the secondary air box provides oxygen and supplements heat to make gasification more complete.

[0033] Furthermore, the constriction is configured as a part of a cone.

[0034] Furthermore, refractory castables are laid on the inner side of the heat exchange tube near the contraction portion and the outlet of the molten glass body close to the gasification chamber to form a slag pool.

[0035] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace is a middle support structure, including a support beam, which is located in the upper middle part of the furnace body.

[0036] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a quenching ring located above and close to the slag pool outlet.

[0037] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace is also equipped with a water-cooled slag remover located below the quenching ring.

[0038] The molten glass flows out from the bottom of the furnace, and is quenched into fine glass particles by high-pressure water in the quenching ring. The particles are then transported out by a water-cooled slag scraper for use as building materials or artworks.

[0039] When solid waste materials are put into the gasification chamber for treatment, a large amount of heat energy is required. In the traditional refractory brick structure furnace body, the furnace body surface temperature is high, the heat dissipation is very large, and the heat energy waste is serious; but in the utility model, a water-cooled furnace body is used to replace the refractory brick furnace body. The furnace body surface temperature is low, the heat dissipation loss is small, and the molten glass slag hangs on the water-cooled wall to form a protective layer, so that the metal is not corroded by the high-temperature slag. The regenerated slag flows downward along the protective layer on the metal surface under the action of gravity, achieving the purpose of using slag to resist slag. The water-cooled wall absorbs the heat, and the generated steam can be used as a gasifier to achieve heat recovery.

[0040] 3. Beneficial effects

[0041] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0042] A plasma gasification furnace with a water-cooled furnace body is provided to extend the furnace body life of the plasma gasification furnace, reduce the heat dissipation loss of the furnace body, shorten the furnace start-up and shutdown time, reduce energy consumption, and reduce maintenance and operation costs.

[0043] Specifically, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) First, the utility model improves the traditional plasma gasification furnace body with a water-cooled jacket and lined with refractory bricks or a furnace body lined with refractory bricks only, and replaces it with a water-cooled wall. The slag-resisting-slag method is adopted, that is, the ash slag formed after the material is gasified hangs on the inner wall to form a dense slag layer to protect the metal of the inner wall. Since the friction between the regenerated slag and the dense slag layer is less than its own gravity, the regenerated slag cannot form a thicker slag layer, but will flow downward under its own gravity and fall to the bottom of the furnace body. It is quenched into fine glass by high-pressure water. If the solid waste contains heavy metals, it will be encapsulated in the oxygen-silicon lattice of the glass body and cannot seep out. As a general solid waste, the glass body can be used as a building material or a raw material for artworks. The utility model avoids the scouring and corrosion of refractory bricks by glass liquid in the prior art, and reduces the maintenance difficulty and operation cost of the device.

[0045] Secondly, the water-cooled wall containing heat exchange tubes in the utility model has less thermal inertia than the insulated furnace body built with refractory bricks or the furnace body with water cooling jacket, and has fast start and stop, and less energy consumption. The utility model only lays a layer of refractory castable near the slag mouth of the slag pool to maintain a higher temperature there, form a slag pool, and make the slag have good fluidity. The refractory castable in this part is still required to be replaced regularly due to erosion by the slag, but due to the extremely small number and the cooling effect of the water-cooled wall, the service life of this part of the refractory castable is relatively extended and does not need to be replaced frequently.

[0046] In addition, the refractory brick insulated furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace in the prior art cannot withstand a rapid temperature increase in a short period of time, and therefore requires hot standby to control the heating rate within a certain range. The furnace body in the utility model can withstand a faster heating rate under the cooling effect of the water in the water-cooled wall. Therefore, the plasma gasification furnace of the utility model does not require a matching standby furnace.

[0047] (2) When the heat exchange tube of the utility model is an internally threaded tube, it can enhance heat transfer and prevent overburning compared to a plain tube. The reasons are as follows: first, the formation of the thread groove causes the fluid in the tube to form a vortex, thereby enhancing the ability of convective heat transfer under turbulent conditions; second, due to the presence of the thread groove, the surface of the tube becomes rough, destroying the boundary layer of the fluid and significantly improving heat transfer; third, due to the uniform thread groove, the heat transfer surface area of ​​the heat exchange tube can be greatly increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, so that other features, purposes and advantages of the present invention become more obvious. The drawings and descriptions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0049] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and that the components and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0050] In the attached picture:

[0051] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plasma gasification furnace in Example 1;

[0052] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The AA section view in the figure mainly shows the water-cooled wall and other structures;

[0053] Among them, the red figure represents the heat source plasma torch installation port, the green figure represents the steam oxygen nozzle, the yellow figure represents the temperature detection device, and the blue figure represents the temperature measurement hole;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internally threaded pipe in Example 1.

[0055] Meaning of reference symbols

[0056] 100. Plasma gasification furnace;

[0057] 110, furnace body; 111, material inlet; 112, gasification chamber; 113, molten glass outlet; 114, thermal insulation structure; 115, water-cooled wall; 115a, heat exchange tube; 115b, annular inlet header; 115c, annular outlet header; 116, synthesis gas outlet; 117, steam oxygen nozzle; 118, heat source plasma torch installation port; 119, temperature measuring hole;

[0058] 120. heat source plasma torch; 130. temperature detection device; 140. secondary air box; 150. quenching ring; 160. water-cooled slag remover; 170. support beam;

[0059] 200. The first straight line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present disclosure may be more easily understood by reference to the following description in conjunction with examples, all of which constitute a part of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the specific products, methods, conditions or parameters described and / or illustrated herein. Further, the terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments by way of example and are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise indicated.

[0061] It should also be understood that, for the sake of clarity, certain features of the present disclosure may be described herein in the context of separate embodiments, but may also be provided in combination with each other in a single embodiment. That is, unless clearly incompatible or specifically not included, each separate embodiment is considered to be combinable with any other embodiment, and the combination is considered to represent another different embodiment. Conversely, for the sake of simplicity, the various features of the present disclosure described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided individually or in any sub-combination. Finally, although a particular embodiment may be described as part of a series of steps or part of a more general structure, each step or substructure itself may also be considered to be an independent embodiment.

[0062] Unless otherwise indicated, it should be understood that each individual element in a list and each combination of individual elements in the list will be interpreted as a different embodiment. For example, a list of embodiments represented as "A, B, or C" should be interpreted to include embodiments "A", "B", "C", "A or B", "A or C", "B or C", or "A, B, or C".

[0063] In the present disclosure, the singular forms of the articles "a," "an," and "the" also include the corresponding plural references, and a reference to a specific value includes at least that specific value unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to "a substance" is a reference to at least one of that substance and equivalents thereof.

[0064] The terms including ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" can be used to explain various components or fluids, but these components and fluids are not limited by these terms. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure, these terms are only used to distinguish the component / fluid from another component / fluid.

[0065] When items are described by using the conjunction terms "... and / or...," etc., the description should be understood to include any one of the associated listed items and all combinations of one or more thereof.

[0066] In general, the use of the term "about" indicates an approximate value that can vary depending on the desired properties obtained by the disclosed subject matter, and will be interpreted in a context-dependent manner based on function. Therefore, one of ordinary skill in the art will be able to interpret a certain degree of difference on a case-by-case basis. In some cases, the number of significant figures used when expressing a particular value can be a representative technique for determining the difference allowed by the term "about". In other cases, a gradient in a range of values ​​can be used to determine the range of differences allowed by the term "about". Further, all ranges in this disclosure are inclusive and combinable, and reference to a value in a range includes each value within that range.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs; the terms used herein and / or include any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0068] In the following examples, if no specific conditions are specified, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used, if no manufacturer is specified, are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0069] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the technical field. The essential features and significant effects of the present invention can be reflected in the following examples. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Therefore, they do not limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art may make some non-essential improvements and adjustments based on the content of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0071] Example 1

[0072] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a plasma gasification furnace 100, including a furnace body 110, the furnace body 110 includes a material inlet 111, a gasification chamber 112 and a molten glass outlet 113, and the gasification chamber 112 is connected to the material inlet 111 and the molten glass outlet 113;

[0073] The gasification chamber 112 includes a heat preservation structure 114 and a water-cooled wall 115. The heat preservation structure 114 is the outermost side of the furnace body 110 to prevent heat loss. The water-cooled wall 115 includes a heat exchange tube 115a; the heat exchange tube 115a is equipped with an annular inlet header 115b and an annular outlet header 115c, which are used to distribute desalted water and collect the steam-water mixture respectively.

[0074] Specifically, in this embodiment, the material inlet 111, the vaporization chamber 112 and the molten glass outlet 113 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the direction of gravity.

[0075] More specifically, the heat exchange tube 115a is an internally threaded tube, and the surface of the internally threaded tube close to the fluid channel is provided with internal threads. It should be noted that, as an alternative to this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 115a can also be a plain tube, and the heat exchange tube 115a being an internally threaded tube is the preferred technical solution.

[0076] More specifically, the water-cooled wall 115 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 115a, and adjacent heat exchange tubes 115a are welded with flat steel. As an alternative to the present embodiment, the water-cooled wall 115 may also include one heat exchange tube 115a. When the water-cooled wall 115 includes one heat exchange tube 115a, the heat exchange tube 115a is configured as a spiral coil wound in multiple turns or a cavity wound in other forms.

[0077] More specifically, the water-cooled wall 115 is constructed as a rotating body, and the center line of the rotating body is set as the first straight line 200. In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 115a is an 8-head internally threaded tube with a diameter of 51 mm, and the fixed connection between adjacent internally threaded tubes is a flat steel welding. The cross section of the water-cooled wall 115 after welding in a direction perpendicular to the first straight line 200 is circular.

[0078] In this embodiment, all the heat exchange tubes 115a are vertically arranged relative to the first straight line 200, that is, there is no angle between the multiple heat exchange tubes 115a and the first straight line 200. It should be noted that, as an alternative to this embodiment, the multiple heat exchange tubes 115a can also be all inclined, that is, there is an angle between each heat exchange tube 115a and the first straight line 200, or some of the multiple heat exchange tubes 115a are inclined relative to the first straight line 200 and some are vertically arranged relative to the first straight line 200. The arrangement and fixing method of the heat exchange tubes 115a in this embodiment is relatively simple and practical in actual production, but does not constitute a limitation to the solution.

[0079] More specifically, the furnace body 110 is further provided with a syngas outlet 116, which is located at the upper side of the gasification chamber 112. In this embodiment, the syngas outlet 116 is located between the material inlet 111 and the molten glass outlet 113 and is close to the material inlet 111.

[0080] More specifically, the furnace body 110 is provided with steam oxygen nozzles 117 for injecting pure oxygen / steam mixed gas into the furnace body 110. In this embodiment, the steam oxygen nozzles 117 are arranged at the lower part of the gasification chamber 112, and the number of steam oxygen nozzles 117 is 6 and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the furnace body 110.

[0081] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a heat source plasma torch 120 , which is disposed at the lower part of the gasification chamber 112 . There are three of them and they are evenly distributed around the furnace body 110 in a circumferential direction. The power source used is a DC power supply.

[0082] The furnace body 110 is also provided with a heat source plasma torch installation port 118 for installing a heat source plasma torch 120. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the number of heat source plasma torch installation ports 118 is 3. The furnace body 110 is also provided with a temperature measuring hole 119 for observing the temperature in the gasification chamber 112. In this embodiment, the temperature measuring holes 119 are evenly distributed around the furnace body 110.

[0083] More specifically, the vaporization chamber 112 includes a contraction portion, which is in communication with the molten glass outlet 113 ; the inner cavity of the contraction portion gradually contracts along the material inlet 111 toward the molten glass outlet 113 . In this embodiment, the contraction portion is close to the molten glass outlet 113 .

[0084] The temperature measuring hole 119, the steam oxygen nozzle 117, and the heat source plasma torch installation port 118 are sequentially opened on the contraction part from top to bottom; a temperature detection device 130 is provided in the inner cavity of the vaporization chamber 112 at a height corresponding to the contraction part.

[0085] In this embodiment, the contraction portion is a part of a cone; the temperature detection devices 130 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the furnace body 110 .

[0086] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a secondary wind box 140 , which is close to the middle of the furnace body 110 and located above the temperature measuring hole 119 .

[0087] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 is a middle support structure, including a support beam 170 , which is located between the material inlet 111 and the secondary wind box 140 .

[0088] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a quenching ring 150, which is located above and close to the molten glass outlet 113. In this embodiment, the quenching ring 150 is fixedly connected to the furnace body 110. As another implementation of this embodiment, the quenching ring 150 and the furnace body 110 can also be detachably connected, and the detachable connection is the preferred connection mode.

[0089] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a water-cooled slag remover 160, which is located below the quench ring 150. The molten slag flows out from the bottom of the furnace body 110, and is quenched into fine glass particles by high-pressure water in the quench ring 150, and then transported out by the water-cooled slag remover 160 for use as building materials or artwork raw materials.

[0090] More specifically, in this embodiment, a layer of refractory castable is laid on the inner side of the gasification chamber 112 near the contraction portion of the plasma gasification furnace 100 and the molten glass outlet 113, and the contraction portion is also called the slag pool of the plasma gasification furnace 100, and the molten glass outlet 113 is also called the slag mouth of the plasma gasification furnace 100.

[0091] It should be noted that:

[0092] In this embodiment, the internally threaded pipe used in the supercritical boiler can meet the use requirements of the utility model, and will not be described in detail here.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] This comparative example provides a plasma gasification furnace, which is basically the same as Example 1, and the only difference from Example 1 is that the furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace includes a thermal insulation structure and a lining of refractory bricks, and does not contain a water-cooled wall.

[0095] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0096] After actual production, it was found that the refractory bricks in the plasma gasification furnace in Comparative Example 1 were easily eroded and corroded by the glass liquid generated by solid waste. Cracks appeared on the surface of the bricks, and they peeled off layer by layer. On average, they were inspected and partially replaced every 2 months to half a year, and all replaced once a year.

[0097] In addition, since refractory bricks cannot be heated quickly, the plasma gasification furnace in this comparative example is equipped with a spare furnace for hot standby, and the cold start time of the plasma gasification furnace is 2 to 3 days. At the same time, the outer wall temperature of the plasma gasification furnace is high, and the heat loss is large.

[0098] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma gasification furnace, characterized in that: The furnace body (110) comprises a material inlet (111), a vaporization chamber (112) and a molten glass outlet (113), wherein the vaporization chamber (112) is connected to the material inlet (111) and the molten glass outlet (113); The vaporization chamber (112) comprises a heat-insulating structure (114) and a water-cooled wall (115); the water-cooled wall (115) comprises a heat exchange tube (115a), an annular inlet header (115b) and an annular outlet header (115c); the heat exchange tube (115a) is connected to the annular inlet header (115b) and the annular outlet header (115c).

2. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (115a) is an internally threaded tube.

3. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled wall (115) comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes (115a), and adjacent heat exchange tubes (115a) are connected by flat steel.

4. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water-cooled wall (115) is constructed as a rotating body, and the center line of the rotating body is set as a first straight line (200).

5. The plasma gasification furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The furnace body (110) is also provided with a synthesis gas outlet (116), and the synthesis gas outlet (116) is located at the upper side of the gasification chamber (112).

6. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: A steam oxygen nozzle (117) is provided at the lower part of the furnace body (110) for injecting a pure oxygen / steam mixed gas into the furnace body (110).

7. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plasma gasification furnace (100) further comprises a heat source plasma torch (120), and the plasma torch (120) is arranged at the lower part of the gasification chamber (112).

8. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The furnace body (110) is also provided with a temperature measuring hole (119), and the temperature measuring hole (119) is used to observe the temperature condition in the gasification chamber (112).

9. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gasification chamber (112) comprises a contraction portion, which is in communication with the molten glass outlet (113); the inner cavity of the contraction portion gradually contracts along the material inlet (111) toward the molten glass outlet (113).

10. The plasma gasification furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plasma gasification furnace (100) further comprises a secondary wind box (140), wherein the secondary wind box (140) is close to the middle of the furnace body (110) and is located above the temperature measuring hole (119).

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