Differential pressure water taking ocean subsurface layer water sample collecting system
Through the combination of seawater pressure differential water intake system and water depth sensor, the accuracy and safety of ocean subsurface water sample collection are achieved, and the problems of high cost, low accuracy and water sample distortion in traditional sampling methods are solved, providing a structure Simple and effective collection method for ocean subsurface water sample.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420660877.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-02
AI Technical Summary
The existing marine water sampling methods have problems such as high cost, limited accuracy, severe water sample distortion and complex depth operation. Especially in large-depth marine environments, traditional sampling methods cannot effectively solve the accuracy and safety of marine subsurface water sample collection. Sexual problems.
A pressure differential water intake marine subsurface water sample collection system was designed, and the seawater pressure difference was used to lift the seawater into the operating chamber through a flexible water intake pipe. Combined with the water depth sensor and the pipe collection device to accurately control the water intake depth, avoiding the agitation of the water pump. The water sample is distorted and the authenticity of the collected water sample is ensured through the tube rolling mechanism and waterproof structure.
It realizes subsurface ocean surface water sample collection with simple structure, convenient use, low cost, high water intake accuracy and small water sample distortion, improves the accuracy and safety of the collection depth and reduces the risk of use of expensive instruments.
Smart Images
Figure CN222280221U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to an in-situ water sample collection system for marine water bodies, and in particular to an marine sub-surface water sample collection system for collecting water by pressure difference when obtaining in-situ water samples in a satellite laser remote sensing verification experiment of marine sub-surface water bodies. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, ocean satellite remote sensing inversion technology has gradually entered the research level of stereoscopic observation of ocean longitudinal depth from sea surface water color. In the stereoscopic observation of ocean longitudinal depth, the most advanced remote sensing stereoscopic observation method is water laser profile detection. The inversion technology of ocean depth profile information must rely on experimental verification. Since water laser profile detection technology is still in the initial research stage, according to literature retrieval, the current experimental verification usually uses a portable self-contained ocean real-time in-situ water parameter measuring instrument, which is accompanied by a submersible or sunk by a mother ship to enter the underwater measurement. However, due to the high water depth and high water pressure, the instrument manufacturing process is required to be high, so the cost is very expensive; at the same time, the underwater real-time portable self-contained in-situ measurement instrument is restricted by technological development, and the parameters and accuracy of the water quality that can be measured are limited. In addition, the risk of expensive instruments directly carrying out experimental operations at sea is relatively high. In addition, there is a certain gap in accuracy and stability between direct underwater detection of certain parameters and laboratory analysis instruments. Therefore, traditional sampling analysis is still one of the important methods for remote sensing experimental verification. At present, the implementation methods of seawater sampling and analysis are relatively mature. One sampling method is to sink the sampler into the water to a predetermined depth, open the sampler door manually or electrically to take water, and then lift the sampler to the ship for instrument detection after closing the door. The depth is usually within 10 meters, and the maximum depth is 50 to 60 meters. Each sample is only 500-1000ml. If the sampling is not enough, re-sampling is required. The operation is troublesome and risky at a large depth, and the accuracy and adjustability of the sampling depth are relatively lacking. Another sampling method is to complete it through pipes and water pumps, but due to the use of water pumps, the microorganisms in the sample water will change their natural grouping morphology and distribution state under the action of mechanical force, and mechanical agitation may affect the temperature and composition of the sample water (such as introducing residual impurities in the water pump). This distortion will have a serious impact on water sample analysis. Summary of the invention
[0003] The technical problem solved by the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a pressure differential water sampling marine subsurface water sampling system with simple structure, convenient use, low cost, high accuracy and small water sample distortion.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above-mentioned technical problems includes: a pressure differential water sampling marine subsurface water sampling system, characterized in that: the marine subsurface water sampling system includes a weight, a flexible water intake pipe, a pipe collecting device, a water depth sensor, a water pump, and an operating chamber. The upper part of the flexible water intake pipe is sealed and connected to the operating chamber and connected to the atmosphere. The operating chamber is partially sunk into the seawater. The seawater pressure difference between the sea level and the water outlet position of the flexible water intake pipe (the water outlet of the flexible water intake pipe is the highest position of the flexible water intake pipe) is sufficient to extract seawater through the flexible water intake pipe to the operating chamber for operation. The operating chamber is sealed on all sides. The pipe collecting device controls the water intake position at the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe to sink to the set water intake depth or retract to the initial state; a weight is hung on the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe, and the water pump is installed in the operating chamber. A wastewater chamber is provided at the lower part of the operating chamber, and the water inlet pipe of the water pump is located in the wastewater chamber. The water depth sensor is connected to the controller and is used to detect the depth of the water intake position at the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe. The present application controls the water intake position of the flexible water intake pipe to move downward or upward to a set depth through a pipe collecting device, and obtains accurate real-time water depth signals through a water depth sensor, so that the water intake depth is accurate, measurable and adjustable. At the same time, the pressure difference water intake method makes the water intake of the present application relatively stable, does not require power drive, and the sample water is not stirred by a water pump. The microorganisms and water temperature in the sample water are not affected, and it is not easy to introduce residual impurities in the water pump, and the water sample has a high degree of fidelity. The pipe collecting device described in the present application includes a pipe reel mechanism, a waterproof structure, a pipe reel mechanism sleeve, and a worm gear mechanism. The pipe reel mechanism is installed at the lower part of the operating chamber and its axis is installed in a horizontal direction. The pipe reel mechanism sleeve is fixedly and sealedly connected to the operating chamber. The pipe reel mechanism is provided with a pipe reel mechanism body and a pipe reel shaft. The worm gear mechanism is installed in the operating chamber and is connected to the pipe reel shaft to drive it to rotate. A pipe reel mechanism through-hole is provided on the pipe reel mechanism body. The pipe reel mechanism body is sealed and rotatably connected to the pipe reel mechanism sleeve. A portion of the flexible water intake pipe is sleeved on the pipe reel shaft. One end of the flexible water intake pipe enters the operating chamber through the pipe reel mechanism through-hole. A waterproof structure is provided between the flexible water intake pipe and the pipe reel mechanism body.
[0005] The tube reel mechanism body and the tube reel mechanism sleeve described in the present application are sealed by a water-proof sealing ring.
[0006] The flexible water intake pipe of the present application is provided with a flexible metal armor, a flexible insulating inner tube, a signal cable, a safety cable, and a thermal insulation material. The flexible metal armor is mounted on the outside of the flexible insulating inner tube, the signal cable, and the safety cable. The flexible insulating inner tube is made of a flexible insulating material. The space between the flexible metal armor and the flexible insulating inner tube is filled with insulating material. The insulating material wraps the signal cable and the safety cable. A flexible insulating inner tube water outlet is provided at one end of the flexible insulating inner tube, and a flexible insulating inner tube water inlet is provided at the other end of the flexible insulating inner tube. One end of the safety cable and the flexible metal armor enter the operating compartment through the pipe hole of the reeling mechanism and are then fixed on the main body of the reeling mechanism. A heavy hammer is hung on the other end of the safety cable, and the water depth sensor is connected to the controller through the signal cable.
[0007] One end of the flexible heat-insulating inner tube cooperates with the water inlet pipe of the water pump, so that the obtained seawater can be transported to the mother ship through the water pump and tested by the testing instrument on the mother ship.
[0008] The flexible water intake pipe and the main body of the pipe reel are waterproofed by applying glue.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: simple structure, convenient use, low cost, high water sampling accuracy, and small water sample distortion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application.
[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A.
[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of point B.
[0013] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of point C.
[0014] In the figure: 1-weight, 2-flexible water intake pipe, 21-safety cable, 22-signal cable, 23-metal armor hose, 24-insulation layer, 25-flexible insulated inner pipe, 251-flexible insulated inner pipe water inlet (also flexible water intake pipe water inlet), 252-flexible insulated inner pipe water outlet (also flexible water intake pipe water outlet), 3-pipe collecting device, 31-worm gear, 32-worm, 33-pipe reeling mechanism shaft sleeve, 34-waterproof sealing ring, 35-pipe reeling mechanism, 351-pipe reeling mechanism body, 3511-pipe reeling mechanism pipe through hole, 352-pipe reeling mechanism reeling shaft, 36-waterproof structure, 4-water depth sensor, 5-water pump, 51-water pump water inlet pipe, 52-water pump drain pipe, 6-operation compartment, 61-wastewater compartment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through examples. The following examples are intended to explain the present application but the present application is not limited to the following examples.
[0016] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4The embodiment of the present application includes a weight 1, a flexible water intake pipe 2, a pipe collection device 3, a water depth sensor 4, a water pump 5, and an operating cabin 6. The weight 1 is firmly hung on the bottom of the water intake pipe 2 through a safety cable 21 to ensure that the water intake pipe 2 is in an upright state during operation. The water intake pipe 2 includes a safety cable 21, a signal cable 22, a metal armor hose 23, a flexible insulating inner pipe 25, and an insulating layer 24. A water intake port 251 is arranged at the lower end of the flexible insulating inner pipe 25. The water depth sensor 4 is installed at the lower end of the water intake pipe 2 at the same height as the water intake port 251. The water depth signal is transmitted to the controller (not shown in the figure, it can be arranged in the mother ship or the operating cabin) through the signal cable 22 in the water intake pipe 2. The water pump 5 is fixed in the wastewater tank 61 at the bottom of the operating cabin 6.
[0017] The main design idea of this application is to design a flexible water intake pipe 2, the upper part of which is sealed and connected to the operation chamber 6, and the lower part of the operation chamber 6 is controlled by the mother ship's cable to sink into the seawater at a specified depth, and the seawater pressure difference is established by the distance H between the sea level and the outlet of the flexible water intake pipe 2 in the operation chamber 6. At this time, if other factors are not considered, the flow rate of the water sample in the flexible water intake pipe 2 can be converted into the kinetic energy of the seawater in the flexible water intake pipe 2 through the seawater pressure difference potential energy, that is: , transform to get: , V is the flow rate of the water sample in the flexible water intake pipe 2. It can be seen from the formula that to change the speed of water outlet from the flexible water intake pipe 2, it is only necessary to change H. The operating chamber 6 is sealed on all sides and seawater cannot enter. The upper part of the operating chamber 6 is connected to the atmosphere, and is connected to the atmosphere through the upper end of the flexible water intake pipe 2. The water intake position of the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe 2 is controlled to be connected to the seawater at a specified depth. The seawater pressure difference potential energy is artificially adjusted to achieve the smooth lifting of the in-situ water sample of the subsurface layer of the ocean into the operating chamber 6. At the same time, the structural design ensures that the operating chamber 6 will not allow seawater to enter the operating chamber 6 while forming a seawater pressure difference (the seawater pressure difference adjustment is implemented in two links, 1. Adjusting the depth of the operating chamber above the sea surface, 2. Changing the water outlet of the flexible water intake pipe 2 at height in the operating chamber); one end of the flexible water intake pipe 2 is arranged in the operating chamber 6, and the part of the flexible water intake pipe 2 that can meet the water intake depth requirement is wound on the reel shaft 352 of the reel mechanism, which can be conveniently stored and operated as the safety cable 21 is retracted and released. A heavy hammer 1 is hung on the lower part of the safety cable 21 to ensure that the safety cable 21 and the flexible water intake pipe 2 are basically vertical to the water surface during operation. During the retraction and release process of the bottom of the flexible water intake pipe 2, the real-time water depth is obtained through the water depth sensor 4, which is convenient for controlling the retracting device 3, so that the water intake depth meets the design requirements and has high accuracy.
[0018] Furthermore, the water pump 5 has two working modes, one is to discharge the experimental wastewater into the sea, the water inlet of the water pump inlet pipe 51 is located at the bottom of the wastewater tank 61, and the wastewater is discharged into the sea through the water pump 5 and the water pump drain pipe 52 bypassing the operation tank 6, and the water outlet of the water pump drain pipe 52 is located outside the operation tank 6; the other is to serve as a relay water pump (when the analysis parameters have no stability requirements for water sample collection), to relay the in-situ water sample to the mother ship, the water outlet 252 of the flexible insulated inner tube 25 is connected to the water pump inlet pipe 51 of the water pump 5, and the water pump drain pipe 52 of the water pump 5 is directly connected to the mother ship.
[0019] Furthermore, the tube collecting device 3 includes a tube winding mechanism 35, a waterproof structure 36, a tube winding mechanism sleeve 33, a water-proof sealing ring 34, a worm wheel 31, and a worm 32. The tube winding mechanism 35 is installed at the lower part of the operating chamber 6 and the axis is installed in a horizontal direction. The tube winding mechanism 35 is driven by a motor (not shown in the figure) to drive the worm 32 and the worm wheel 31 structure to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the in-situ water sample acquisition depth. The tube winding mechanism sleeve 33 is fixedly and sealedly connected to the operating chamber 6. The tube winding mechanism 35 is provided with a tube winding mechanism body 351 and a tube winding shaft 352. The tube winding mechanism body 351 is provided with a tube winding mechanism through-hole 3511. The tube winding mechanism body 351 and the tube winding mechanism sleeve 33 are sealed and rotated through the water-proof sealing ring 34. Part of the flexible water intake pipe 2 is mounted on the reel shaft 352 and a sufficient length is reserved for the retraction operation. One end of the flexible water intake pipe 2 enters the operating compartment 6 through the pipe through hole 3511 of the reel mechanism. A waterproof structure 36 is arranged between the flexible water intake pipe 2 and the main body 351 of the reel mechanism. For example, after the pipe insertion is completed, the flexible water intake pipe 2 and the main body 351 of the reel mechanism are watertight by gluing.
[0020] Furthermore, the cross-sectional structure of the flexible water intake pipe 2 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a flexible insulating inner tube 25 is arranged in the middle of the flexible water intake pipe 2. The flexible insulating inner tube 25 is made of a flexible insulating material and is filled with insulating material 24 outside the flexible insulating inner tube 25. The outside is protected by a flexible metal armor 23 to prevent the flexible insulating inner tube 25 from being crushed during the winding process. A signal cable 22 and a safety cable 21 are buried in the filled insulating material 24. One end of the flexible insulating inner tube 25 is a flexible insulating inner tube water outlet 252, and the other end of the flexible insulating inner tube 25 is provided with a flexible insulating inner tube water inlet hole 251. One end of the safety cable 21 and one end of the flexible metal armor 23 follow the flexible water intake pipe 2 through the pipe hole 3511 of the reeling mechanism into the operating compartment 6 and are fixed on the reeling mechanism body 351.
[0021] Furthermore, the water depth sensor 4 is installed at the lower end of the flexible water intake pipe 2, at the same height as the water inlet hole 251 of the flexible insulation inner pipe. The signal of the water depth sensor 4 is transmitted to the controller through the signal cable 22, so as to better obtain the water depth signal of the in-situ water sample collection and avoid the influence of the underwater seawater flow on the water depth data collection accuracy. Considering that the water depth signal acquisition time of the water depth sensor 4 roughly matches the water sample at the water inlet of the flexible water intake pipe, the following calibration formula is given: Assuming that the water depth sensor 4 samples at time t, the corresponding water outlet time (referring to the water inlet of the flexible water intake pipe at time t) is t+T, T is the time for the water sample to pass through the flexible water intake pipe 2 and reach the water outlet at time t, T=L / V, where L is the total length of the flexible water intake pipe 2, and V is the flow rate of the sample water in the flexible water intake pipe 2.
[0022] The collection method for this application is as follows:
[0023] S1: Controller initialization (set the water intake position depth, the distance H from the sea level to the water outlet position of the flexible water intake pipe 2 in the operation chamber 6, and the total length L of the flexible water intake pipe 2. If not set, take the initial value of the controller, which can be obtained by designing water intake requirements and conventional tests) and calculate the water outlet speed V of the flexible water intake pipe 2. The lower part of the operation chamber 6 sinks to a set depth, so that the water sample at the outlet of the flexible water intake pipe 2 flows out smoothly;
[0024] S2: Start the motor, the motor drives the worm gear mechanism to drive the tube collecting device 3 to sink the water intake of the flexible insulation inner tube 2, and the water depth sensor transmits the actual water depth signal to the controller. When the actual water depth is equal to the water depth set by the controller, the controller controls the motor to stop and records the time as t;
[0025] S3: the first part of the seawater is discharged into the wastewater tank 61 through the flexible heat-insulating inner pipe 25 at the water intake position, and the first part of the seawater in the wastewater tank 61 is discharged to the sea through the water pump 5;
[0026] S4: When the amount of discharged water (the first part of seawater) is not less than 2 times the volume of the flexible heat-insulating inner pipe 25 (make sure that the seawater obtained is the water at the water inlet of the flexible heat-insulating inner pipe 2, that is, the delay from time t is ≥ 2L / V), connect the water outlet of the flexible heat-insulating inner pipe 25 to the detection instrument for water extraction detection (in actual operation, a mark with a volume of 2 times the volume of the flexible heat-insulating inner pipe 25 can also be drawn at the height in the wastewater tank);
[0027] S5: After the detection, the excess seawater is discharged into the wastewater tank 61 and discharged into the sea by the water pump 5. If the water intake position is the lowest water intake position, the detection of the sampling location is completed and the flexible insulated inner tube 2 is retracted to the initial state through the tube retracting device 3, otherwise go to step S2 to continue sampling at the next water intake depth; if there are still unfinished sampling locations, proceed to the next sampling location to continue the detection until all sampling locations are completed.
[0028] The S4 step includes:
[0029] S41: Connect the water outlet of the flexible heat-insulating inner tube 25 to the water pump inlet pipe 51;
[0030] S42: Connect the water pump discharge pipe 52 to the detection instrument on the mother ship (when there is no requirement for stability of water sample collection).
[0031] Beneficial effects of this application:
[0032] This application utilizes the flow characteristics of water and the energy conversion principle of seawater pressure difference (potential energy-kinetic energy), and directly and smoothly lifts deep seawater to the sea surface by designing a water intake pipe with water intake depth perception and a special pipe collection device for the water intake pipe, which solves the problem of distortion of certain parameters of water samples caused by the use of a pump, the problem of the inclination of the fixed position water intake pipe caused by the ocean current affecting the depth accuracy of the in-situ water sample collection, and the problem of the storage of long water intake pipes. By adjusting the seawater pressure difference to directly change the flow rate of the water outlet, the smooth collection of in-situ water samples in the subsurface of the ocean is achieved, eliminating the distortion of water samples and analysis abnormalities caused by the use of mechanical pumps for sampling. The present application has a simple structure and low cost. It artificially creates the potential energy of seawater pressure difference, and uses the potential energy of seawater pressure difference to convert it into the kinetic energy of seawater flow to lift the water sample to the sea surface operation chamber, which reduces the influencing factors of water sample parameter distortion and provides a new idea for the high-fidelity collection of subsurface water samples in marine scientific research. At the same time, the device can obtain water samples of the entire detection depth water layer by a single sinking and water collection, with high efficiency, unlimited sample water collection, and strong feasibility. In addition, the present application can also avoid the risk of expensive instruments entering the sea for real-time operation.
Claims
1. A pressure differential water sampling system for collecting subsurface water in the ocean, comprising a weight, a flexible water collection pipe, a pipe collection device, a water depth sensor, a water pump, and an operating cabin, characterized in that: The upper part of the flexible water intake pipe is sealed and connected to the operating chamber and communicates with the atmosphere. The operating chamber is partially sunk into the seawater. The seawater pressure difference between the sea level and the highest position of the flexible water intake pipe is sufficient to extract seawater through the flexible water intake pipe to the operating chamber for operation. The operating chamber is sealed on all sides. The pipe collection device controls the water intake position at the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe to sink to the set water intake depth or retract to the initial state; a heavy hammer is hung at the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe, a water pump is installed in the operating chamber, and a wastewater tank is set at the lower part of the operating chamber. The water depth sensor is connected to the controller and is used to detect the depth of the water intake position at the lower part of the flexible water intake pipe.
2. The pressure differential water sampling ocean subsurface water sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The pipe collecting device includes a pipe reeling mechanism, a waterproof structure, a pipe reeling mechanism sleeve, and a worm gear mechanism. The pipe reeling mechanism is installed at the lower part of the operating chamber and its axis is installed in a horizontal direction. The pipe reeling mechanism sleeve is fixedly and sealedly connected to the operating chamber. The pipe reeling mechanism is provided with a pipe reeling mechanism body and a pipe reel shaft. The worm gear mechanism is installed in the operating chamber and is connected to the pipe reel shaft to drive it to rotate. A pipe reeling mechanism through-hole is provided on the pipe reeling mechanism body. The pipe reeling structure body is sealed and rotatably connected to the pipe reel structure sleeve. A portion of the flexible water intake pipe is sleeved on the pipe reel shaft. One end of the flexible water intake pipe enters the operating chamber through the pipe reeling mechanism through-hole. A waterproof structure is provided between the flexible water intake pipe and the pipe reeling mechanism body.
3. The pressure differential water sampling ocean subsurface water sampling system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pipe reel mechanism main body and the pipe reel mechanism shaft sleeve are sealed by a water-proof sealing ring.
4. The pressure differential water sampling ocean subsurface water sampling system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The flexible water intake pipe is provided with a flexible metal armor, a flexible insulating inner tube, a signal cable, a safety cable, and a thermal insulation material. The flexible metal armor is mounted on the outside of the flexible insulating inner tube, the signal cable, and the safety cable. The flexible insulating inner tube is made of a flexible insulating material. Thermal insulation material is filled between the flexible metal armor and the flexible insulating inner tube. The thermal insulation material wraps the signal cable and the safety cable. A flexible insulating inner tube water outlet is provided at one end of the flexible insulating inner tube, and a flexible insulating inner tube water inlet is provided at the other end of the flexible insulating inner tube. One end of the safety cable and the flexible metal armor enter the operating cabin through the pipe hole of the reeling mechanism and are fixed on the main body of the reeling mechanism. A heavy hammer is hung on the other end of the safety cable, and the water depth sensor is connected to the controller through the signal cable.
5. The pressure differential water sampling ocean subsurface water sampling system according to claim 4 is characterized by: One end of the flexible heat-insulating inner tube is matched with the water inlet pipe of the water pump.
6. The pressure differential water sampling ocean subsurface water sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flexible water intake pipe and the main body of the pipe reel are waterproofed by applying glue.
7. The pressure differential water sampling ocean subsurface water sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water pump comprises a water pump inlet pipe and a water pump drain pipe. The water inlet of the water pump inlet pipe is located at the bottom of the wastewater bin, and the water outlet of the water pump drain pipe is located outside the operation bin.