Lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, in particular to a lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system which comprises a lithium battery crushing system, a first negative pressure pipeline is connected to the lithium battery crushing system, the first negative pressure pipeline is connected with a cooling device, and the cooling device is connected with a settling chamber. The settling chamber is connected with a negative pressure fan through a second negative pressure pipeline, the negative pressure fan is connected with a fire retardant device, and the fire retardant device is connected with the incinerator. On one hand, dust and condensed electrolyte can be prevented from blocking the pipeline, and the safety and the stability of system operation are improved; on the other hand, dust and condensed electrolyte can be conveniently recycled, resource waste is reduced, and the resource utilization rate of waste lithium battery recycling is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, and in particular to a lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system. Background Art

[0002] Waste lithium batteries contain a large number of recyclable components such as various valuable metals and various organic substances. How to recycle lithium batteries safely and efficiently is an important issue in the field of sustainable resource utilization. The existing waste lithium battery recycling process mainly involves crushing the waste lithium batteries and then performing high-temperature treatment, screening, magnetic separation, specific gravity separation and other steps to recover black powder, copper, iron, aluminum and other products.

[0003] In the process of crushing lithium batteries, lithium battery crushing exhaust gas will be generated. The lithium battery crushing exhaust gas contains combustible gas, part of the electrolyte evaporated by heat release from the lithium battery, solid powder scattered during the lithium battery crushing process and other components. If the lithium battery crushing exhaust gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, it will cause great pollution to the environment. Since the lithium battery crushing exhaust gas contains combustible gas and electrolyte vapor, direct dust removal has great safety hazards. Therefore, most of the processes directly treat the exhaust gas by passing the lithium battery crushing exhaust gas directly into an incinerator for incineration.

[0004] However, the direct incineration method has the risk of mixed dust adhering to the pipeline after the electrolyte vapor condenses and clogging the pipeline, affecting the safety and stability of the exhaust gas treatment system; on the other hand, the dust and electrolyte vapor in the battery crushing exhaust gas cannot be efficiently recycled, and the resource utilization rate is low. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the technical problems that the existing treatment process for direct incineration of lithium battery crushing tail gas has the risk of condensed electrolyte and dust clogging the pipeline, and the utilization rate of dust and electrolyte vapor in the lithium battery crushing tail gas is low, the utility model provides a lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system, which can, on the one hand, avoid the clogging of the pipeline by dust and condensed electrolyte and improve the safety and stability of the system operation; on the other hand, it is convenient to recycle and reuse the dust and condensed electrolyte, reduce resource waste, and improve the resource utilization rate of the recycled waste lithium batteries.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is:

[0007] A lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system includes a lithium battery crushing system, the lithium battery crushing system is connected to a first negative pressure pipeline, the first negative pressure pipeline is connected to a cooling device, the cooling device is connected to a sedimentation chamber, the sedimentation chamber is connected to a negative pressure fan through a second negative pressure pipeline, the negative pressure fan is connected to a fire arrester, and the fire arrester is connected to an incinerator.

[0008] Furthermore, the cooling device is a heat exchanger, which is provided with a heat source inlet, a heat source outlet, a cold source inlet and a cold source outlet. The first negative pressure pipe is connected to the heat source inlet of the heat exchanger, and the heat source outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the sedimentation chamber; the cold source inlet and the cold source outlet of the heat exchanger are connected to the heat exchange medium pipe. The heat exchanger is used as a cooling device to cool the exhaust gas, and part of the heat in the exhaust gas can be transferred to the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium pipe, and then this part of the heat can be recycled.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling device is arranged above the sedimentation chamber, and the electrolyte condensed in the cooling device can flow into the sedimentation chamber under the action of gravity, thereby preventing the cooling device from being blocked and facilitating the recycling of this part of the electrolyte.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling device is connected to the sedimentation chamber through a cooling pipe, and a first discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the cooling device, and the first discharge port is connected to a first discharge valve, and the electrolyte and dust retained in the cooling device can be discharged through the first discharge port and the first discharge valve.

[0011] In the further part, at least two partitions are arranged in the settling chamber, and the partitions are arranged in a staggered manner to form a tortuous gas channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a second discharge port is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, and the second discharge port is connected to a second discharge valve, and the electrolyte and dust retained in the sedimentation chamber can be discharged through the second discharge port and the second discharge valve.

[0013] Furthermore, a U-shaped tube is provided on the second negative pressure pipe, and a third discharge port is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped tube, and the third discharge port is connected to the third discharge valve. The U-shaped tube can collect the condensed electrolyte and settled dust in the second negative pressure pipe to the bottom of the U-shaped tube, and at the same time, the electrolyte and dust retained in the U-shaped tube can be discharged through the third discharge port and the third discharge valve.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system provided by the utility model is connected to the lithium battery crushing system in sequence with a first negative pressure pipeline, a cooling device, a settling chamber, a second negative pressure pipeline, a negative pressure fan, a fire arrester and an incinerator. The tail gas generated during the lithium battery crushing process can enter the cooling device to cool down under the action of the negative pressure fan, enter the settling chamber to settle dust and condense electrolyte, and finally enter the incinerator to burn and remove harmful components before being discharged. The fire arrester arranged in front of the incinerator can avoid the occurrence of flashback accidents. Most of the dust and condensed electrolyte remain in the settling chamber during the tail gas treatment process. On the one hand, it can avoid the dust and condensed electrolyte from clogging the pipeline and improve the safety and stability of the system operation; on the other hand, it is convenient to recycle and reuse the dust and condensed electrolyte, reduce resource waste, and improve the resource utilization rate of waste lithium battery recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system in Example 1.

[0018] In the figure, 1-lithium battery crushing system, 11-first negative pressure pipeline, 2-heat exchanger, 21-heat exchange medium pipeline, 22-cooling pipeline, 3-sedimentation chamber, 31-second negative pressure pipeline, 32-negative pressure fan, 33-U-shaped tube, 4-fire arrester, 5-incinerator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system, comprising a lithium battery crushing system 1, the lithium battery crushing system 1 is connected to a first negative pressure pipe 11, and the first negative pressure pipe 11 is connected to a heat exchanger 2;

[0022] The heat exchanger 2 is provided with a heat source inlet, a heat source outlet, a cold source inlet and a cold source outlet. The first negative pressure pipe 11 is connected to the heat source inlet of the heat exchanger 2, and the heat source outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the settling chamber 3 through the cooling pipe 22; the cold source inlet and the cold source outlet of the heat exchanger 2 are connected to the heat exchange medium pipe 21;

[0023] The heat exchanger 2 is arranged above the settling chamber 3, and a first discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger 2, and the first discharge port is connected to the first discharge valve; eight partitions are arranged in the settling chamber 3, and the partitions are arranged in sequence and staggered to form a tortuous gas channel; a second discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the settling chamber 3, and the second discharge port is connected to the second discharge valve; the settling chamber 3 is connected to the negative pressure fan 32 through the second negative pressure pipeline 31, and a U-shaped pipe 33 is arranged on the second negative pressure pipeline 31, and a third discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped pipe 33, and the third discharge port is connected to the third discharge valve;

[0024] The negative pressure fan 32 is connected to the fire arrester 4 , and the fire arrester 4 is connected to the incinerator 5 .

[0025] The operating principle of Example 1 is:

[0026] (1) The lithium battery crushing system 1 is started, and the negative pressure fan 32 is started at the same time. Under the action of the negative pressure fan 32, the lithium battery crushing tail gas enters the heat exchanger 2 through the first negative pressure pipe 11, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium pipe 21, and cools the lithium battery crushing tail gas. Part of the condensed electrolyte generated by the cooling of the lithium battery crushing tail gas in the heat exchanger 2 is discharged and collected through the first discharge port. The cooled lithium battery crushing tail gas enters the cooling pipe 22;

[0027] (2) The cooled lithium battery crushing tail gas continues to enter the sedimentation chamber 3. Under the action of the baffle, the air flow moves forward in a zigzag manner, the flow rate slows down, and the temperature continues to drop. The dust in the lithium battery crushing tail gas and the partially condensed electrolyte generated by the cooling are settled together in the sedimentation chamber 3, and are discharged and collected through the second discharge port;

[0028] (3) The remaining lithium battery crushing tail gas continues to enter the second negative pressure pipe 31. The condensed electrolyte generated by the cooling of the lithium battery crushing tail gas in the second negative pressure pipe 31 gathers at the bottom of the U-shaped tube 33 and is discharged and collected through the third discharge port;

[0029] (4) The remaining battery crushing exhaust gas passes through the negative pressure fan 32, and then enters the flame arrester 4 and the incinerator 5 in sequence, and burns in the incinerator 5. The flame arrester 4 can prevent the occurrence of flashback accidents.

[0030] Although the present invention is described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system, comprising a lithium battery crushing system, characterized in that: The lithium battery crushing system is connected to a first negative pressure pipeline, the first negative pressure pipeline is connected to a cooling device, the cooling device is connected to a sedimentation chamber, the sedimentation chamber is connected to a negative pressure fan through a second negative pressure pipeline, the negative pressure fan is connected to a fire arresting device, and the fire arresting device is connected to an incinerator.

2. The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device is a heat exchanger, which is provided with a heat source inlet, a heat source outlet, a cold source inlet and a cold source outlet. The first negative pressure pipeline is connected to the heat source inlet of the heat exchanger, and the heat source outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the sedimentation chamber; the cold source inlet and the cold source outlet of the heat exchanger are connected to the heat exchange medium pipeline.

3. The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device is arranged above the settling chamber.

4. The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device is connected with the settling chamber through a cooling pipeline. A first discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the cooling device, and the first discharge port is connected with a first discharge valve.

5. The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two baffles are arranged in the settling chamber, and the baffles are arranged in a staggered manner to form a tortuous gas channel.

6. The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, and the second discharge port is connected with a second discharge valve.

7. The lithium battery crushing tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped tube is arranged on the second negative pressure pipeline, a third discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped tube, and the third discharge port is connected with the third discharge valve.

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