Efficient heat transfer absorption tower

Abstract

The utility model discloses an efficient heat transfer absorption tower which comprises a tower shell, a heat transfer tower plate, a conventional tower plate, a liquid inlet, a gas outlet, a heat exchanger loading and unloading port, a gas inlet and a liquid outlet, a plurality of heat transfer tower plates and a plurality of conventional tower plates are fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell in a layer form; a liquid inlet, a gas outlet, a heat exchanger loading and unloading port, a gas inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the tower shell; the heat transfer tower plate comprises a heat transfer module, a perforated tower plate, a cover hood, a liquid guide groove, a liquid blocking filler, a downcomer and a liquid seal groove. According to the utility model, the heat transfer module is arranged to separate the liquid needing heat transfer from the liquid participating in mass transfer, so that the thickness of the liquid layer on the plate can be effectively reduced, and the pressure drop of the tower plate is obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a unit operating device for a gas absorption process in the chemical industry, in particular to a high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower. Background Art

[0002] At present, the common absorption towers are mainly packed towers and plate towers. Compared with plate towers, packed towers have significant advantages such as high absorption efficiency and low pressure drop, but they inevitably have defects such as easy clogging, small processing capacity, and difficult heat transfer structure setting. Therefore, for absorption operations with solid precipitation, or absorption operations with excessive heat of solution and reaction during the absorption process, plate towers are more suitable.

[0003] Since some absorption processes, such as ammonia absorption and nitric acid absorption, are accompanied by strong exothermic processes of heat of solution and reaction, in order to ensure the absorption effect, the generated heat needs to be removed. Therefore, the internals of absorption towers with heat of reaction and heat of solution in the absorption process are mostly in the form of a combination of sieve trays and cooling coils. This type of internals has the following problems in practical applications:

[0004] 1. The cooling coil occupies a large space, and it is necessary to set a higher outlet weir to control the liquid layer on the plate so that the liquid layer on the plate exceeds the height of the cooling coil, resulting in too high a liquid level on the plate;

[0005] 2. The sieve tray is a traditional bubbling tray. The gas passes through the liquid as a dispersed phase. Since the liquid layer on the tray is too high, the pressure drop of the tray is large.

[0006] 3. The gas-liquid contact of the bubbling tray is not sufficient, the absorption efficiency is low, and it is difficult to achieve the ideal absorption effect;

[0007] 4. The cooling medium flow in the cooling coil is long and the heat exchange efficiency is low;

[0008] 5. The cooling coil is fixedly connected to the sieve plate. If there is a leakage in the cooling coil, it will be difficult to repair and seriously affect the product quality. Utility Model Content

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem that the utility model intends to solve is to provide a high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower.

[0010] The utility model solves the technical problem by providing a high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower, characterized in that the absorption tower comprises a tower shell, a heat transfer tower plate, a conventional tower plate, a liquid inlet, a gas outlet, a heat exchanger loading and unloading port, a gas inlet and a liquid outlet;

[0011] A plurality of heat transfer trays and a plurality of conventional trays are fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell in the form of layers; the tower shell is provided with a liquid inlet, a gas outlet, a heat exchanger loading and unloading port, a gas inlet and a liquid outlet;

[0012] The heat transfer tray comprises a heat transfer module, an open-hole tray, a cap, a liquid guide groove, a liquid blocking filler, a downcomer and a liquid sealing groove;

[0013] The two side walls of the heat transfer module are respectively fixedly connected to one side wall of each perforated tower plate; the other side walls of the two perforated tower plates are fixed to the inner wall of the tower shell; a plurality of plate holes are arranged on the perforated tower plate; a plurality of caps are fixed to the upper surface of the perforated tower plate through connecting pieces, corresponding to the plate holes on the perforated tower plate one by one, and there is a bottom gap between the caps and the perforated tower plate; a plurality of through holes are opened on the two liquid guide grooves for nesting the caps; the two liquid guide grooves are nested on the outer side of the caps on the respective perforated tower plates and are sealed and connected to the caps; a baffle is arranged at one end of the two liquid guide grooves and fixed to the inner wall of the tower shell, and a baffle is not arranged at the other end and is fixed to the upper edge of the heat transfer module and connected to the heat transfer module; the liquid blocking filler is fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell, located above the cap; the downcomer penetrates the perforated tower plate and is arranged on one side of the perforated tower plate; the liquid sealing groove is arranged at the bottom of the downcomer, and there is a gap between the bottom surface of the liquid sealing groove and the lower edge of the downcomer.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] (1) The utility model adopts a jet-state tower plate, and the gas-liquid contact form is a jet state, the gas-liquid contact is more complete, and the mass transfer efficiency is high.

[0016] (2) The utility model provides a liquid-blocking filler above the cap, which can avoid mist entrainment and eliminate liquid phase mixing. In addition, gas and liquid can contact and transfer mass at the liquid-blocking filler, further improving the absorption efficiency.

[0017] (3) The utility model sets up a heat transfer liquid pool to separate the liquid that needs to transfer heat from the liquid that is participating in mass transfer, which can effectively reduce the thickness of the liquid layer on the plate and significantly reduce the pressure drop of the tower plate.

[0018] (4) The utility model provides a heat exchanger loading and unloading port on the tower shell, which is convenient for overhauling, disassembling, installing and replacing the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger can be disassembled freely and overhauled conveniently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of the heat transfer tray of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is an AA cross-sectional view of the heat transfer tower plate of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure, tower shell 1, heat transfer tray 2, conventional tray 3, liquid inlet 4, gas outlet 5, heat exchanger loading and unloading port 6, gas inlet 7, liquid outlet 8;

[0023] Heat transfer module 21, perforated tray 22, cap 23, liquid guide groove 24, liquid blocking filler 25, downcomer 26, liquid seal groove 27;

[0024] Heat transfer liquid pool 211, heat exchanger 212, buffer tank 213, flange plate 214;

[0025] Plate hole 221 and liquid distribution hole 2131. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. The specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention in detail and do not limit the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0027] The utility model provides a high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower (absorption tower for short), characterized in that the absorption tower comprises a tower shell 1, a heat transfer tower plate 2, a conventional tower plate 3, a liquid inlet 4, a gas outlet 5, a heat exchanger loading and unloading port 6, a gas inlet 7 and a liquid outlet 8;

[0028] A plurality of heat transfer trays 2 and a plurality of conventional trays 3 are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the tower shell 1 in the form of layers; the tower shell 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 4, a gas outlet 5, a heat exchanger loading and unloading port 6, a gas inlet 7 and a liquid outlet 8;

[0029] The heat transfer tray 2 comprises a heat transfer module 21, an open-hole tray 22, a cap 23, a liquid guide groove 24, a liquid blocking filler 25, a downcomer 26 and a liquid sealing groove 27;

[0030] The two side walls of the heat transfer module 21 are respectively fixedly connected to one side wall of a respective perforated tray 22; the other side walls of the two perforated trays 22 are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the tower shell 1; a plurality of plate holes 221 are evenly arranged on the perforated tray 22; a plurality of caps 23 are fixed to the upper surface of the perforated tray 22 through a connecting piece, corresponding to the plate holes 221 on the perforated tray 22 one by one, and a bottom gap H1 is provided between the caps 23 and the perforated tray 22; a plurality of through holes are provided on the two liquid guide grooves 24 for nesting the caps 23; the two liquid guide grooves 24 are nested on the outer side of the caps 23 on their respective perforated trays 22, and are connected to the caps 2 3 sealed connection; one end of the two liquid guide grooves 24 is provided with a baffle with a height of H2 and is welded and fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell 1, and the other end is not provided with a baffle and is fixed to the upper edge of the heat transfer module 21 and communicated with the heat transfer module 21; the liquid blocking filler 25 is fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell 1, located above the cap 23, and the distance from the upper edge of the cap 23 is H3; the downcomer 26 passes through the perforated tower plate 22 and is arranged on one side of the perforated tower plate 22; the liquid sealing groove 27 is arranged at the bottom of the downcomer 26, and there is a gap H4 between the bottom surface of the liquid sealing groove 27 and the lower edge of the downcomer 26; the function of the liquid sealing groove 27 is to prevent gas short circuit.

[0031] Preferably, the lower part of the absorption tower is a plurality of layers of heat transfer tower plates 2, and the upper part of the absorption tower is a plurality of layers of conventional tower plates 3 or conventional tower plate groups and heat transfer tower plate groups are arranged alternately; wherein the conventional tower plate group is composed of 1 to 5 layers of conventional tower plates 3 in the form of layers, and the heat transfer tower plate group is composed of 1 to 5 layers of heat transfer tower plates 2 in the form of layers.

[0032] Preferably, the liquid inlet 4 is arranged on the side wall of the tower shell 1, above the uppermost heat transfer tower plate 2 and the uppermost conventional tower plate 3; the gas outlet 5 is arranged at the top of the tower shell 1; the gas inlet 7 is arranged at the lower part of the tower shell 1, below the lowermost heat transfer tower plate 2 and the lowermost conventional tower plate 3; the liquid outlet 8 is arranged at the bottom of the tower shell 1.

[0033] Preferably, a plurality of heat exchanger loading and unloading ports 6 are arranged on the side wall of the tower shell 1 , and their positions correspond one-to-one to the respective heat transfer tower plates 2 , and are used for inspecting, disassembling, installing and replacing the heat exchangers 212 in the respective heat transfer tower plates 2 .

[0034] Preferably, the heat transfer module 21 and the perforated tray 22 form a circle adapted to the tower cross section, and the heat transfer module 21 is located in the middle of the tower body, and two perforated trays 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heat transfer module 21 .

[0035] Preferably, the liquid guiding groove 24 is located above the liquid level of the perforated tray 22 (ie, located at the upper half of the cap 23).

[0036] Preferably, the length and diameter of the downcomer 26 are determined according to specific working conditions.

[0037] Preferably, the heat transfer module 21 includes a heat transfer liquid pool 211, a heat exchanger 212 and a buffer tank 213;

[0038] The two side walls of the heat transfer liquid pool 211 are fixedly connected to one side wall of each perforated tower plate 22; the heat exchanger 212 is arranged inside the heat transfer liquid pool 211; there is a gap H5 between the lower surface of the heat exchanger 212 and the bottom surface of the heat transfer liquid pool 211, and there is a gap L1 between the outer side wall of the heat exchanger 212 and the inner side wall of the heat transfer liquid pool 211; one end of the heat exchanger 212 is detachably fixedly connected to the heat exchanger loading and unloading port 6 through a flange plate 214; a plurality of liquid distribution holes 2131 are evenly opened on the bottom surface of the buffer tank 213; the bottom of the buffer tank 213 is fixed to the upper surface of the heat exchanger 212, and the liquid distribution holes 2131 are connected to the heat exchanger 212; the upper surfaces of the two side walls of the buffer tank 213 are fixedly connected to one end of each liquid guide tank 24 without a baffle; the upper surface of the buffer tank 213 is connected to one end of the liquid guide tank 24 without a baffle.

[0039] Preferably, the heat exchanger 212 is centrally disposed inside the heat transfer liquid pool 211 .

[0040] Preferably, the conventional tower plate 3 is composed of a jet-state tower plate and a liquid-blocking filler in the prior art, and the specific composition includes an open-hole tower plate, a cap, a downcomer, a liquid seal tank and a liquid-blocking filler, which belongs to the prior art, and reference may be made to the patent with application number 202123339733.2.

[0041] Preferably, the heat exchanger 212 is a plate heat exchanger, which occupies less space in the tower and has higher heat exchange efficiency. Compared with a cooling coil, the heat exchange efficiency is increased by more than 50%.

[0042] Preferably, H1 is 2 mm to 20 mm; H2 is 20 mm to 100 mm; H3 is 300 mm to 1200 mm; H4 is 5 mm to 40 mm; H5 is 20 mm to 300 mm; and L1 is 20 mm to 300 mm.

[0043] Preferably, the opening rate of the liquid distribution holes 2131 on the buffer tank 213 is 20% to 90%.

[0044] The working principle and workflow of the utility model are:

[0045] The liquid enters the tower shell 1 from the liquid inlet 4, flows horizontally through several layers of conventional tower plates 3 and several layers of heat transfer tower plates 2, and is discharged from the liquid outlet 8 after contacting and mass transfer with the gas rising through the tower plates; the gas enters the tower shell 1 from the gas inlet 7, passes through several layers of heat transfer tower plates 2 and several layers of conventional tower plates 3 from bottom to top, and is discharged from the gas outlet 5 after contacting and mass transfer with the liquid flowing horizontally on the tower plates.

[0046] The working principle and workflow of heat transfer tray 2 are:

[0047] The liquid falls from the downcomer 26 of the upper tray onto the perforated tray 22 of the current tray, and the gas rises from the plate holes 221 of the perforated tray 22. The liquid enters the cover body through the bottom gap of the cap 23, and is lifted, film-drawn, and broken under the action of the gas. The liquid is contacted and mass-transferred in the tower shell 1, and the liquid is dispersed into small droplets and rises to the lower surface of the liquid-blocking filler 25. The droplets are captured by the liquid-blocking filler 25 and gathered into large droplets and fall into the liquid-conducting groove 24. The gas passes through the liquid-blocking filler 25, contacts and transfers with the liquid that wets the liquid-blocking filler 25, and then continues to rise. The liquid that falls into the liquid-conducting groove 24 moves along the liquid-blocking filler 25. The liquid guide groove 24 enters the buffer groove 213, and evenly enters the heat exchanger 212 through the liquid distribution holes 2131 of the buffer groove 213. The liquid passes through the heat exchanger 212 from top to bottom for heat exchange. After heat exchange, it flows back to the perforated tower plate 22 through the bottom gap and side gap of the heat exchanger 212 and the heat transfer liquid pool 211 in turn. After participating in several heat exchange and mass transfer processes, it enters the next tower plate through the downcomer 26 and the liquid seal groove 27. If the heat exchanger 212 has problems or needs to be repaired, it can be taken out through the heat exchanger loading and unloading port 6 and installed back into the tower after maintenance. The disassembly and assembly operations are simple.

[0048] Anything not described in the present invention is applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower, characterized in that: The absorption tower comprises a tower shell (1), a heat transfer tower plate (2), a conventional tower plate (3), a liquid inlet (4), a gas outlet (5), a heat exchanger loading and unloading port (6), a gas inlet (7) and a liquid outlet (8); A plurality of heat transfer trays (2) and a plurality of conventional trays (3) are fixed on the inner wall of a tower shell (1) in the form of layers; a liquid inlet (4), a gas outlet (5), a heat exchanger loading and unloading port (6), a gas inlet (7) and a liquid outlet (8) are provided on the tower shell (1); The heat transfer tray (2) comprises a heat transfer module (21), an open-hole tray (22), a cap (23), a liquid guide groove (24), a liquid blocking filler (25), a downcomer (26) and a liquid sealing groove (27); The two side walls of the heat transfer module (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the one side wall of a respective perforated tower plate (22); the other side walls of the two perforated tower plates (22) are fixed to the inner wall of the tower shell (1); a plurality of plate holes (221) are provided on the perforated tower plate (22); a plurality of caps (23) are fixed to the upper surface of the perforated tower plate (22) through a connecting piece, corresponding one to one to the plate holes (221) on the perforated tower plate (22), and a bottom gap is provided between the caps (23) and the perforated tower plate (22); a plurality of through holes are provided on the two liquid guide grooves (24) for nesting the caps (23); the two liquid guide grooves (24) are nested in the respective perforated tower plates ( The tower shell (22) is provided with a cap (23) on the outer side of the cap (23) and is sealed with the cap (23); one end of each of the two liquid guide grooves (24) is provided with a baffle and is fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell (1), and the other end is not provided with a baffle and is fixed to the upper edge of the heat transfer module (21) and is connected with the heat transfer module (21); a liquid blocking filler (25) is fixed on the inner wall of the tower shell (1) and is located above the cap (23); a downcomer (26) penetrates the perforated tower plate (22) and is provided on one side of the perforated tower plate (22); a liquid sealing groove (27) is provided at the bottom of the downcomer (26), and a gap is provided between the bottom surface of the liquid sealing groove (27) and the lower edge of the downcomer (26).

2. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the absorption tower is composed of several layers of heat transfer trays (2), and the upper part of the absorption tower is composed of several layers of conventional trays (3) or conventional tray groups and heat transfer tray groups arranged alternately; wherein the conventional tray group is composed of 1 to 5 layers of conventional trays (3), and the heat transfer tray group is composed of 1 to 5 layers of heat transfer trays (2).

3. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid inlet (4) is arranged on the side wall of the tower shell (1), and is located above the uppermost heat transfer tower plate (2) and the uppermost conventional tower plate (3); the gas outlet (5) is arranged on the top of the tower shell (1); the gas inlet (7) is arranged on the lower part of the tower shell (1), and is located below the lowermost heat transfer tower plate (2) and the lowermost conventional tower plate (3); and the liquid outlet (8) is arranged on the bottom of the tower shell (1).

4. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of heat exchanger loading and unloading ports (6) are arranged on the side wall of the tower shell (1), and their positions correspond one-to-one to their respective heat transfer tower plates (2).

5. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer module (21) and the perforated tower plate (22) form a circle that is adapted to the tower cross section, and the heat transfer module (21) is located in the middle of the tower body, and the two perforated tower plates (22) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heat transfer module (21).

6. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid guiding groove (24) is located above the liquid level of the perforated tray (22).

7. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer module (21) comprises a heat transfer liquid pool (211), a heat exchanger (212) and a buffer tank (213); The two side walls of the heat transfer liquid pool (211) are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of one of the perforated tower plates (22); the heat exchanger (212) is arranged inside the heat transfer liquid pool (211); there is a gap between the lower surface of the heat exchanger (212) and the bottom surface of the heat transfer liquid pool (211); there is a gap between the outer side wall of the heat exchanger (212) and the inner side wall of the heat transfer liquid pool (211); one end of the heat exchanger (212) is detachably fixed to the heat exchanger loading and unloading port (6) The buffer groove (213) is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger (212); a plurality of liquid distribution holes (2131) are formed on the bottom surface of the buffer groove (213); the bottom of the buffer groove (213) is fixed to the upper surface of the heat exchanger (212), and the liquid distribution holes (2131) are communicated with the heat exchanger (212); the upper surfaces of the two side walls of the buffer groove (213) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a respective liquid guide groove (24) without a baffle; and the upper surface of the buffer groove (213) is communicated with the end of the liquid guide groove (24) without a baffle.

8. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (212) is centrally arranged inside the heat transfer liquid pool (211).

9. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (212) is a plate heat exchanger.

10. The high-efficiency heat transfer absorption tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of liquid distribution holes (2131) are evenly opened on the bottom surface of the buffer groove (213); the opening rate of the liquid distribution holes (2131) on the buffer groove (213) is 20% to 90%.

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