Ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment
By performing ultrasonic extraction under vacuum environment and using vacuum volatilization technology, the problem of weak ultrasonic cavitation effect in existing equipment has been solved, significantly accelerating the dissolution rate of medicinal ingredients in medicinal materials and improving the extraction efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421048162.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment has weak ultrasonic cavitation effect under normal pressure environment, resulting in a long dissolution time for the medicinal ingredients in the medicinal materials.
Ultrasonic extraction is carried out under vacuum environment, and a vacuum generator is used to provide a vacuum environment for the extraction tank and solvent tank, enhancing the ultrasonic cavitation effect, and automatic reflux and volatilization of solvents are achieved through siphons and heating concentration tanks, thereby increasing the dissolution rate of medicinal ingredients .
Ultrasonic extraction under vacuum environment significantly enhances the ultrasonic cavitation effect, shortens the dissolution time of medicinal ingredients in medicinal materials, and effectively recovers solvents at lower temperatures through vacuum volatilization technology, improving the extraction efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222342030U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment. Background Art
[0002] The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment includes an extraction tank and an ultrasonic generator. The medicinal materials and solvent are placed in the extraction tank. The ultrasonic generator generates ultrasonic waves. Through the ultrasonic cavitation effect, the tiny bubbles in the solvent resonate until they burst. The bursting of the bubbles will produce strong pressure on the medicinal materials in the solvent to break the cell walls of the medicinal materials. The medicinal components in the medicinal materials, as extracts, leave the cells and enter the solvent to form a medicinal solution. The medicinal material extraction and concentration equipment includes a "door"-shaped siphon, a heating and concentration tank, and a condenser. The liquid inlet end of the siphon is connected to the top of the extraction tank, the liquid outlet end is connected to the feed end of the heating and concentration tank, and the discharge end of the heating and concentration tank is connected to the extraction tank through the condenser. As the solvent continues to enter the extraction tank, the liquid level of the medicinal liquid in the extraction tank gradually rises. When the liquid level of the medicinal liquid in the extraction tank rises to above the top of the siphon, the medicinal liquid on the top of the extraction tank is sucked into the heating and concentration tank. The heating and concentration tank heats and concentrates the medicinal liquid to evaporate the solvent in the medicinal liquid. The evaporated solvent enters the condenser to cool and condense, and the condensed solvent flows back to the extraction tank. In the existing ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment, it takes a while for the medicinal components in the medicinal materials to dissolve into the solvent during ultrasonic extraction. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an ultrasonic extraction and concentration device, which can accelerate the dissolution of medicinal components in medicinal materials.
[0004] After research, the inventor found that the intensity of the ultrasonic cavitation effect is negatively correlated with the air pressure in the extraction tank. The lower the air pressure in the extraction tank, the stronger the ultrasonic cavitation effect. Conventional ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment performs ultrasonic extraction and heating concentration under normal pressure, and the ultrasonic cavitation effect is weak. If ultrasonic extraction can be performed under a vacuum environment, the ultrasonic cavitation effect can be enhanced and the dissolution of medicinal ingredients in medicinal materials can be accelerated.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment of the utility model:
[0006] It includes an extraction tank for placing medicinal materials, and a solvent tank, the bottom of which leads to the extraction tank; it includes a vacuum generator for providing a vacuum environment for the extraction tank and the solvent tank, the vacuum degree of the extraction tank is higher than that of the solvent tank, and the solvent in the solvent tank automatically enters the extraction tank under the action of air pressure; an ultrasonic generator is arranged around the extraction tank, and the ultrasonic generator performs ultrasonic extraction on the medicinal materials placed in the extraction tank so that the extract and the solvent are mixed into a medicinal liquid;
[0007] The siphon also includes a siphon, a heating and concentrating tank and a condenser. The liquid inlet end of the siphon is connected to the extraction tank, the liquid outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the heating and concentrating tank, and the liquid outlet end of the heating and concentrating tank is connected to the top of the solvent tank via the condenser. When the liquid level of the medicine in the extraction tank rises above the top of the siphon, the medicine in the extraction tank flows from the siphon to the heating and concentrating tank under the siphon effect. The heating and concentrating tank heats and concentrates the medicine to volatilize the solvent in the medicine. The condenser cools and condenses the volatilized solvent, and the condensed solvent flows back to the solvent tank. The vacuum generator is provided with a vacuum valve for human operation, and the solvent flowing back to the solvent tank automatically flows back to the extraction tank under the action of air pressure.
[0008] Furthermore, the siphon is in the shape of a Chinese character "J", and its liquid inlet end is connected to the bottom of the extraction tank. When the liquid level in the extraction tank rises to above the top of the siphon, the liquid in the extraction tank flows from the siphon to the heating concentration tank under the siphon effect. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the heating concentration tank to discharge the concentrated liquid medicine. The drain pipe is provided with a drain valve for human operation. The vacuum generator maintains the vacuum environment in the extraction tank after the concentrated liquid medicine is discharged.
[0009] Furthermore, the siphon tube includes a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, and a plurality of transverse tubes of different heights are connected between the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe. The plurality of transverse tubes are located at the top of the siphon tube and are respectively connected with a plurality of valves in series. When the valve of one transverse tube is opened, the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipe via the transverse tube, and the valves of the remaining transverse tubes are closed. When the liquid level in the extraction tank is higher than that in the transverse tube with the opened valve, the liquid in the extraction tank flows from the siphon tube to the heating and concentration tank under the siphon effect.
[0010] Furthermore, an air inlet pipe is connected downward from the bottom of the extraction tank, and a sand core is provided at the outlet end of the air inlet pipe. The sand core has pores with a length of 5 cm and a pore size smaller than the ultrasonic resonance size for gas to pass forward into the solvent to form bubbles for ultrasonic extraction.
[0011] Furthermore, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 20-25 KHz, and the pore diameter of the sand core is 0.3-0.25 mm.
[0012] Furthermore, a check valve is connected in series between the outlet end of the air inlet pipe and the sand core.
[0013] Furthermore, a filter screen for filtering medicinal materials is provided at the bottom of the extraction tank.
[0014] The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment provided by the utility model uses a vacuum generator to generate a vacuum environment in the extraction tank, and ultrasonic extraction is performed in the vacuum environment, which can enhance the ultrasonic cavitation effect and accelerate the dissolution of the medicinal components in the medicinal materials. In addition, the ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment also uses a vacuum generator to generate a vacuum environment in the solvent tank, so that not only can the pressure difference between the extraction tank and the solvent tank be cleverly used to make the solvent in the solvent tank automatically enter the extraction tank under the action of air pressure, but also a vacuum environment can be indirectly generated in the heating concentration tank connected to the solvent tank so that the solvent can volatilize at a lower temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an extraction tank, a solvent tank, a buffer tank, two vacuum generators and an air compressor. In the figure, the solvent in the solvent tank automatically enters the extraction tank under the action of the air pressure difference.
[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged picture of Figure 1 The A part.
[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an extraction tank, a filtering tank, a heating and concentrating tank, a first vacuum generator and an air compressor. In the figure, the liquid medicine in the extraction tank flows to the filtering tank under the siphon effect, and then flows from the filtering tank to the heating and concentrating tank.
[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an extraction tank, a liquid outlet pipe and a heating and concentrating tank. In the figure, the liquid medicine in the extraction tank flows to the liquid outlet pipe under the siphon effect, and then flows from the liquid outlet pipe to the heating and concentrating tank.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment for medicinal materials. In the figure, the solvent evaporates from the heating concentration tank, condenses in the condenser and flows back into the solvent tank, and then flows back into the extraction tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.
[0021] Ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment for medicinal materials Figure 1, including an extraction tank 1, a coarse filter 101 with an aperture of 1.7 mm is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the extraction tank 1, and the medicinal materials are crushed into coarse powder with a diameter of 2 to 5 mm and placed on the coarse filter 101 in the extraction tank 1. The top of the extraction tank 1 is connected to the buffer tank 2 and an extraction vacuum valve 102 is connected in series between the two. The device includes a first vacuum generator 31, a vacuum tube 311 extends from the first vacuum generator 31, the vacuum tube 311 of the first vacuum generator 31 is connected to the top of the buffer tank 2 and a buffer vacuum valve 312 is provided on the vacuum tube 311, the extraction vacuum valve 102 and the buffer vacuum valve 312 are usually in an open state, the first vacuum generator 31 provides a vacuum environment for the buffer tank 2, and indirectly provides a vacuum environment for the extraction tank 1. The vacuum effect of the first vacuum generator 31 is volatile, which causes the vacuum degree of the extraction tank 1 to also be volatile. The first vacuum generator 31 of the present device indirectly provides a vacuum environment for the extraction tank 1 through the buffer tank 2. The buffer tank 2 and the extraction tank 1 jointly share the vacuum fluctuation of the first vacuum generator 31. After sharing, the vacuum degree fluctuation of the extraction tank 1 is small, so the extraction tank 1 can maintain a relatively stable vacuum degree. An infusion tube 4 is connected to the bottom of the extraction tank 1, and the infusion tube 4 is connected to the solvent tank 5. The two ends of the infusion tube 4 are the inlet end 41 and the outlet end 42, respectively, wherein: the inlet end 41 is connected to the bottom of the solvent tank 5, and the outlet end 42 is connected to the bottom of the extraction tank 1, so the bottom of the solvent tank 5 leads to the extraction tank 1. The top of the solvent tank 5 is connected to the second vacuum generator 32, and the second vacuum generator 32 provides a vacuum environment for the solvent tank 5. An infusion valve 43 is provided on the infusion tube 4, and the infusion valve 43 is usually in an open state. The solvent tank 5 provides solvent for the extraction tank 1. Specifically, the vacuum degree of the extraction tank 1 is 0.3 higher than that of the solvent tank 5. The solvent in the solvent tank 5 automatically enters the infusion tube 4 under the action of air pressure, and the infusion tube 4 inputs the solvent from bottom to top into the extraction tank 1. An ultrasonic generator 6 is provided on the peripheral side of the lower part of the extraction tank 1, and an extraction tank level gauge 103 is provided at the middle position 100 of the lower part of the extraction tank 1 to detect the liquid level in the extraction tank 1. The operator can know the liquid level position in the extraction tank 1 by observing the detection result of the extraction tank level gauge 103. When the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 is higher than the middle position 100, the ultrasonic generator 6 is started. The ultrasonic generator 6 generates low-frequency ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20 to 25 KHz. The ultrasonic resonance size corresponding to the ultrasonic wave of this frequency is about 0.26 mm to 0.32 mm. The ultrasonic wave of this frequency corresponds to an ultrasonic resonance size of about 0.32 mm. The ultrasonic wave of this frequency is preferably 20 KHz, and the ultrasonic resonance size corresponding to the ultrasonic wave of this frequency is about 0.32 mm. The ultrasonic cavitation effect can be generated in the bubbles with a size less than 0.32 mm in the solvent, so that the bubbles resonate until they burst. The strong pressure generated by the bursting of the bubbles is used to break the cell wall of the medicinal material, and in this way, the coarse medicinal powder is ultrasonically extracted. Since the solvent moves from bottom to top in the extraction tank 1, the medicinal materials accumulated in the lower part of the tank are dispersed, so that the medicinal materials are dispersed and suspended in the solvent and fully contacted with the solvent, and the ultrasonic extraction effect is better.The medicinal ingredients in the medicinal materials are extracted, leave the cells and dissolve into the solvent, and mix with the solvent to form a medicinal solution. As the solvent is input into the extraction tank 1, the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 will gradually rise, and the medicinal materials in the extraction tank 1 will also float up. Since the ultrasonic generator 6 is arranged at the lower part of the extraction tank 1, once the coarse medicinal powder floats to the upper part of the extraction tank 1, it may exceed the ultrasonic range of the ultrasonic generator 6. For this reason, the device is provided with a limiting net 104 with a hole diameter of 1.7 mm in the middle part of the extraction tank 1. The limiting net 104 limits the coarse medicinal powder in the extraction tank 1 to prevent the coarse medicinal powder from floating to the upper part of the extraction tank 1.
[0022] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The amount of gas in the solvent is small, and it is difficult to achieve a good extraction effect by relying solely on the bubbles originally present in the solvent. For this reason, the device is provided with four air inlet pipes 7 ( Figure 1Due to the viewing angle, only two of the air inlet pipes are shown in the figure. The inlet end 71 of the air inlet pipe 7 leads to the outside, and the outlet end 72 is connected to the bottom of the extraction tank 1 and is provided with a sand core 73. The sand core 73 has a plurality of pores 731 with a length of 5 cm and an aperture of 0.3 to 0.25 mm. The aperture of the pore 731 is preferably 0.3 mm, which is smaller than the ultrasonic resonance size of 0.32 mm of 20 KHz ultrasound. The air inlet pipe 7 inputs gas into the extraction tank 1. Specifically, the whole mass of air from the outside automatically enters the air inlet pipe 7 from the inlet end 71 of the air inlet pipe 7 under the action of air pressure, moves forward along the air inlet pipe 7 to the outlet end 72 of the air inlet pipe 7, and passes through the pores 731 of the sand core 73 from the outlet end 72 of the air inlet pipe 7. During this process, the whole mass of air in the tube body of the air inlet pipe 7 forms bubbles in the pores 731 of the sand core 73. The path taken by the bubbles when passing through the pores 731 is relatively long, and they can be disconnected from the whole mass of air and collapse into spherical bubbles. The diameter of the spherical bubbles is less than or equal to the aperture of the pores 731. After passing through the pores, the spherical bubbles enter the solvent, thereby forming a large number of bubbles with a diameter less than or equal to 0.3 mm in diameter in the solvent. The size of these bubbles is smaller than the ultrasonic resonance size of 20KHz ultrasound, which is 0.32 mm. It can be seen that most of the bubbles generated by the sand core 73 can produce ultrasonic cavitation effect under the action of ultrasonic waves, thereby enhancing the ultrasonic extraction effect. Therefore, the ultrasonic extraction effect of this device is better, and it can not only perform ultrasonic extraction on fine powder with a diameter less than 1.7 mm, but also perform ultrasonic extraction on coarse powder with a diameter greater than 1.7 mm. When performing ultrasonic extraction, it is not necessary to crush the medicinal materials into fine powder, and ultrasonic extraction can be performed by crushing the medicinal materials into coarse powder. The bubbles float up from the bottom of the extraction tank 1, and can fully contact with the coarse powder suspended at different heights, and there will be no contact blind spot. In the process of the bubbles floating up, it is inevitable that there will be bubbles that are blocked by the coarse filter 101 and stay under the coarse filter 101. The infusion tube 4 of this device infuses from bottom to top, and the solvent can disturb the bubbles that stay under the coarse filter 101 from bottom to top, so that the bubbles move away from the original place until they move to the bottom of the mesh of the coarse filter 101. In this state, the bubbles are no longer blocked by the coarse filter 101 and can float up through the mesh of the coarse filter 101. A check valve 74 is connected in series between the outlet end 72 of the air inlet pipe 7 and the sand core 73. The check valve 74 allows the fluid to flow forward from the outlet end 72 of the air inlet pipe 7 to the sand core 73, but does not allow the fluid to flow backward from the sand core 73 to the outlet end 72 of the air inlet pipe 7, thereby preventing the solvent in the extraction tank 1 from flowing backward from the air inlet pipe 7 to the outside. The intensity of the ultrasonic cavitation effect is negatively correlated with the air pressure in the extraction tank 1. The lower the air pressure in the extraction tank 1, the stronger the ultrasonic cavitation effect. The device uses the first vacuum generator 31 to provide a vacuum environment for the extraction tank 1. Ultrasonic extraction is performed in a vacuum environment, which can enhance the ultrasonic cavitation effect and accelerate the dissolution of the medicinal components in the medicinal materials.
[0023] See Figure 1The device includes a pumping pipe 45 and a water pump 46 connected in series, which are connected in parallel with the middle section 44 of the infusion pipe 4. The middle section of the infusion pipe 4 is connected in series with a suction valve 47, and the pumping pipe 45 is connected in series with a pumping valve 48. Normally, the suction valve 47 is opened, the pumping valve 48 is closed, and the infusion pipe 4 sucks the solvent from the solvent tank 5 to the extraction tank 1 by the air pressure difference. When the extraction tank 1 has poor sealing due to material aging and other reasons, the air pressure difference between the extraction tank 1 and the solvent tank 5 will become smaller, and it is difficult to suck the solvent from the solvent tank 5 to the extraction tank 1 by only a small air pressure difference. At this time, the suction valve 47 can be closed, the pumping valve 48 can be opened, and the water pump 46 can be started. In this state, the infusion pipe 4 no longer relies on the air pressure difference to suck the solvent from the solvent tank 5 to the extraction tank 1, but relies on the water pump 46 to extract the solvent from the solvent tank 5 and pump the solvent to the extraction tank 1. A compression air intake pipe 75 extends out laterally from the air intake pipe 7, and the compression air intake pipe 75 is connected to the air compressor 8. An air valve 76 is provided at the inlet end 71 of the air intake pipe 7, and a compression air intake valve 77 is provided on the compression air intake pipe 75. Normally, the air valve 76 is opened, the compression air intake valve 77 is closed, and the air intake pipe 7 draws air from the outside by the air pressure difference, and the air intake speed is relatively slow. When rapid air intake is required, the air valve 76 can be closed and the compression air intake valve 77 can be opened. In this state, the air intake pipe 7 no longer draws air from the outside by the air pressure difference, but relies on the air compressor 8 to input compressed air into the air intake pipe 7 to achieve air intake, and the air intake speed is relatively fast.
[0024] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The device includes a "J"-shaped siphon tube 9, a liquid outlet tube 10, a heating and concentrating tank 11, and a condenser 12. The liquid inlet end 91 of the siphon tube 9 is connected to the inlet end 41 of the infusion tube 4, thereby indirectly connected to the bottom of the extraction tank 1. The liquid outlet end 92 of the siphon tube 9 is connected to the liquid inlet end 107 of the liquid outlet tube 10, and the liquid outlet end 108 of the liquid outlet tube 10 is connected to the liquid inlet end 111 of the heating and concentrating tank 11. In this way, the liquid outlet end 112 of the heating and concentrating tank 11 is connected to the liquid inlet end 121 of the condenser 12, and the liquid outlet end 122 of the condenser 12 is connected to the top of the solvent tank 5, thereby indirectly connecting to the infusion tube 4. The siphon tube 9 includes a liquid inlet tube 99 and a liquid outlet tube 94, and three sections of transverse tubes 95, 96, and 97 of different heights are connected between the liquid inlet tube 99 and the liquid outlet tube 94. The three sections of transverse tubes 95, 96, and 97 are all located at the top of the siphon tube and are respectively connected in series with three siphon valves 951, 961, and 971 of different heights. The middle siphon valve 961 is opened, and the liquid inlet tube 99 is connected to the liquid outlet tube 94 through the middle transverse tube 96, and the remaining two valves 951 and 971 are closed.
[0025] See Figure 4 and Figure 5, the infusion pipe 4 inputs solvent into the extraction tank 1 to raise the liquid level of the drug in the extraction tank 1. When the liquid level of the drug in the extraction tank 1 rises to a level higher than the middle transverse tube 96 at the top of the siphon tube 9, the operator closes the infusion valve 43 and the ultrasonic generator 6, and closes the buffer vacuum valve 312 and the extraction vacuum valve 102 so that the first vacuum generator 31 releases the vacuum of the extraction tank 1. Under the siphon effect, the drug in the extraction tank 1 flows from the siphon tube 9 to the liquid outlet pipe 94, and then flows from the liquid outlet pipe 94 to the heating and concentration tank 11 for heating and concentration. The operator can close the middle siphon valve 961 as needed, and then open the upper siphon valve 951 or the lower siphon valve 971 to change the triggering condition of the siphon effect. For example, if the lower siphon valve 971 is opened, the siphon effect will be triggered when the liquid level of the drug in the extraction tank 1 rises to a level higher than the lower transverse tube 97. During the siphoning process, the coarse filter 101 at the bottom of the extraction tank 1 filters out the coarse medicine powder in the medicine solution. The coarse filter 101 has a large aperture and is not easily blocked.
[0026] See Figure 3 and Figure 5Since the coarse powder inevitably contains trace amounts of fine powder, these fine powders are mixed in the liquid medicine. When the first siphon occurs, they will pass through the filter holes of the coarse filter 101 together with the liquid medicine and enter the siphon tube 9, thereby reducing the quality of the liquid medicine. To this end, the present device uses a buffer tank 2 as a filter tank 2 to filter the first siphoned liquid. Specifically: a fine filter screen 201 with a pore size of 100 to 200 nanometers is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the filter tank 2; the top of the filter tank 2 is a liquid inlet; the liquid outlet end 92 of the siphon tube 9 is connected to the top of the filter tank 2 and a filter valve 205 is connected in series between the two; the bottom of the filter tank 2 is a liquid outlet, which is connected to the liquid inlet end 111 of the heating concentration tank 11 and a tank outlet valve 206 is connected in series between the two; a compressed air pipe 202 is connected to the top of the filter tank 2, the compressed air pipe 202 is connected to the air compressor 8 and is provided with a compression filter valve 203, and a liquid outlet valve 93 is connected in series between the liquid outlet end 92 of the siphon tube 9 and the liquid outlet pipe 10; before the first siphoning, the filter valve 205 and the tank outlet valve 206 are opened, and the liquid outlet valve 93 and the compression filter valve 203 are closed. The liquid outlet end 92 of the siphon tube 9 is connected to the filter tank 2 but not to the liquid outlet pipe 10. When the first siphon occurs, that is, when the liquid level of the medicine in the extraction tank 1 rises to a level higher than the middle transverse tube 96 at the top of the siphon tube 9 for the first time, the medicine in the extraction tank 1 passes through the coarse filter screen 101 under the siphon effect and flows from the siphon tube 9 to the filter tank 2. After the first siphon occurs, the filter valve 205 is closed, the compression filter valve 203 is opened, and the air compressor 8 inputs compressed air into the filter tank 2 through the compressed air pipe 202. The compressed air presses the medicine in the filter tank 2 downward to the bottom of the filter tank 2 so that the medicine passes downward through the fine filter screen 201. The fine filter screen 201 filters out a trace amount of fine powder in the medicine. Since the amount of fine powder is small, it is not easy to clog the fine filter screen 201. The filtered medicine is discharged from the bottom of the filter tank 2 and flows to the heating concentration tank 11. After the first siphoning, the filter valve 205, the tank outlet valve 206 and the compression filter valve 203 are closed, the liquid outlet valve 93 is opened, and the liquid outlet end 92 of the siphon tube 9 is switched to connect to the liquid outlet pipe 10 but not to the filter tank 2. That is to say, when siphoning occurs again, that is, when the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 rises again to a level higher than the middle transverse tube 96 at the top of the siphon tube 9, the liquid in the extraction tank 1 all passes through the coarse filter screen 101 under the siphon effect and flows from the siphon tube 9 to the liquid outlet pipe 10, and then is discharged from the liquid outlet end 92 of the liquid outlet pipe 10 and flows to the heating concentration tank 11, without having to flow from the siphon tube 9 to the filter tank 2 for filtration again.
[0027] See Figure 4 and Figure 5The heating and concentrating tank 11 heats and concentrates the medicine liquid to volatilize the solvent in the medicine liquid, and the condenser 12 cools and condenses the volatilized solvent, and the condensed solvent flows back into the solvent tank 5. Since the heating and concentrating tank 11 is connected to the solvent tank 5 via the condenser 12, the second vacuum generator 32 provides a vacuum environment for the solvent tank 5, and indirectly provides a vacuum environment for the heating and concentrating tank 11. Under the vacuum environment, the solvent in the medicine liquid can volatilize at a lower temperature. The vacuum effect of the second vacuum generator 32 is volatile, and the heating and concentrating tank 11 and the solvent tank 5 can jointly share the vacuum vibration of the second vacuum generator 32. After sharing, the vacuum degree of the heating and concentrating tank 11 fluctuates less, so the heating and concentrating tank 11 can maintain a relatively high vacuum degree. The solvent tank 5 is provided with a solvent tank level gauge 501 to detect the liquid level of the solvent tank 5. After the siphon occurs, the operator opens the buffer vacuum valve 312 and the extraction vacuum valve 102 to allow the first vacuum generator 31 to provide a vacuum environment for the extraction tank 1 again. The operator opens the infusion valve 43, and the solvent in the solvent tank 5 is again transferred from the infusion pipe 4 to the extraction tank 1 under the action of air pressure. The operator observes the solvent tank level gauge 501 and controls the liquid inlet speed by adjusting the infusion valve 43, so that the liquid inlet speed is roughly equivalent to the solvent reflux speed, so that the liquid level in the solvent tank 5 remains basically unchanged. This is equivalent to allowing the solvent refluxed into the solvent tank 5 to automatically flow back from the infusion pipe 4 to the extraction tank 1 under the action of air pressure without inputting additional solvent into the extraction tank 1. When the extraction tank level gauge 103 detects that the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 is higher than the middle position 100 at the lower part of the extraction tank 1, the operator starts the ultrasonic generator 6 for ultrasonic extraction.
[0028] See Figure 5During the heating and concentration process, most of the solvent in the liquid medicine evaporates and flows back into the extraction tank 1, and a small part of the solvent remains in the heating and concentration tank 11 to form concentrated liquid medicine together with the extract. Since the operator does not input additional solvent into the extraction tank 1 after the siphon occurs, and the solvent in the heating and concentration tank 11 does not all flow back into the extraction tank 1, during the concentration process, as the solvent flows back, the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 will rise from the bottom but will not extend again to the middle transverse tube 96 above the top of the siphon tube 9, that is, the siphon effect will not occur again during the concentration process, and the liquid medicine in the extraction tank 1 will not flow from the siphon tube 9 to the heating and concentration tank 11 to dilute the concentrated liquid medicine in the tank. A drain pipe 115 is provided at the bottom of the heating and concentrating tank 11, and a drain valve 116 is provided on the drain pipe 115. The drain valve 116 is usually in a closed state. After the heating and concentrating tank 11 is concentrated, the operator opens the drain valve 116 to discharge the concentrated liquid medicine from the drain pipe 115. The concentrated liquid medicine will not lose its medicinal properties due to long-term heating in the heating and concentrating tank 11. The operator closes the drain valve 116 after the concentrated liquid medicine is discharged, and keeps the buffer vacuum valve 312 and the extraction vacuum valve 102 open, so that the first vacuum generator 31 maintains the vacuum environment in the extraction tank 1. The solvent tank 5 automatically inputs solvent into the extraction tank 1 through the infusion pipe 4 under the action of air pressure. The input solvent is the additional solvent. A flow meter 505 is provided on the infusion pipe 4. The operator first measures the dosage of the concentrated liquid medicine discharged from the drain pipe 115, and then calculates the dosage of the input additional solvent by observing the value change of the flow meter 505 after the concentrated liquid medicine is discharged. When the additional solvent has the same dosage as the concentrated liquid medicine discharged, the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 is just higher than the middle transverse tube 96 at the top of the siphon tube 9 again, and the operator closes the infusion valve 43 and the ultrasonic generator 6 again, and closes the buffer vacuum valve 312 and the extraction vacuum valve 102 again, allowing the first vacuum generator 31 to release the vacuum in the extraction tank 1, and all the liquid medicine in the extraction tank 1 flows from the siphon tube 9 to the liquid outlet pipe 10 under the action of the siphon effect, and then flows from the liquid outlet pipe 10 to the heating concentration tank 11 for heating and concentration. During the concentration process, most of the solvent will flow back to the extraction tank 1 again, and the discharge pipe 115 will discharge the concentrated liquid medicine again, and the solvent tank 5 will input additional solvent into the extraction tank 1 through the infusion pipe 4 again to induce the next siphon, and this cycle will be repeated, and no further description will be given.
[0029] The medicinal material and solvent of this embodiment can be the following formulas: (1) the medicinal material is Hedyotis diffusa, and the solvent is 50% ethanol; (2) the medicinal material is composed of Dendrobium nobile, Citrus aurantium, and Swertia japonica in a ratio of 2-4:2-4:4-12, and the solvent is 75% ethanol; (3) the medicinal material is Platycladus orientalis leaves, and the solvent is water.
[0030] The above is only an implementation method of the invention, and does not limit the scope of patent protection. Those skilled in the art can make non-substantial changes or substitutions based on the invention, which still fall within the scope of patent protection.
Claims
1. Ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment, characterized in that: It includes an extraction tank for placing medicinal materials, and a solvent tank, the bottom of which leads to the extraction tank; it includes a vacuum generator for providing a vacuum environment for the extraction tank and the solvent tank, the vacuum degree of the extraction tank is higher than that of the solvent tank, and the solvent in the solvent tank automatically enters the extraction tank under the action of air pressure; an ultrasonic generator is arranged around the extraction tank, and the ultrasonic generator performs ultrasonic extraction on the medicinal materials placed in the extraction tank so that the extract and the solvent are mixed into a medicinal liquid; The siphon also includes a siphon, a heating and concentrating tank and a condenser. The liquid inlet end of the siphon is connected to the extraction tank, the liquid outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the heating and concentrating tank, and the liquid outlet end of the heating and concentrating tank is connected to the top of the solvent tank via the condenser. When the liquid level of the medicine in the extraction tank rises above the top of the siphon, the medicine in the extraction tank flows from the siphon to the heating and concentrating tank under the siphon effect. The heating and concentrating tank heats and concentrates the medicine to volatilize the solvent in the medicine. The condenser cools and condenses the volatilized solvent, and the condensed solvent flows back to the solvent tank. The vacuum generator is provided with a vacuum valve for human operation, and the solvent flowing back to the solvent tank automatically flows back to the extraction tank under the action of air pressure.
2. The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The siphon is in the shape of a Chinese character "J", and its liquid inlet end is connected to the bottom of the extraction tank. When the liquid level in the extraction tank rises above the top of the siphon, the liquid in the extraction tank will all flow from the siphon to the heating concentration tank under the siphon effect. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the heating concentration tank to discharge the concentrated liquid medicine. The drain pipe is provided with a drain valve for human operation. The vacuum generator maintains the vacuum environment in the extraction tank after the concentrated liquid medicine is discharged.
3. The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The siphon tube includes an inlet tube and an outlet tube, between which are connected multiple sections of transverse tubes of different heights. The multiple sections of transverse tubes are located at the top of the siphon tube and are respectively connected with multiple valves in series. When the valve of one section of the transverse tube is opened, the inlet tube is connected to the outlet tube via the transverse tube, and the valves of the remaining transverse tubes are closed. When the liquid level in the extraction tank is higher than that in the transverse tube with the opened valve, the liquid in the extraction tank flows from the siphon tube to the heating concentration tank under the siphon effect.
4. The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the extraction tank is connected to an air inlet pipe, and a sand core is arranged at the outlet of the air inlet pipe. The sand core has 5 cm long pores with a diameter smaller than the ultrasonic resonance size for gas to pass forward into the solvent to form bubbles for ultrasonic extraction.
5. The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 20-25KHz, and the pore diameter of the sand core is 0.3-0.25mm.
6. The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A check valve is connected in series between the outlet end of the air inlet pipe and the sand core.
7. The ultrasonic extraction and concentration equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter for filtering medicinal materials is provided at the bottom of the extraction tank.