Adjustable aerobic composting system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable aerobic composting system which comprises a feed pretreatment system, a fermentation bin, an aeration device and a control system, the feed pretreatment system comprises a feed inlet, the feed inlet is formed in the fermentation bin, a stirring device is arranged in the fermentation bin, a temperature monitor is arranged on a rotating shaft of the stirring device, the aeration device comprises a telescopic aeration pipe, the telescopic aeration pipe extends into the fermentation bin, and the temperature monitor is arranged on the rotating shaft of the stirring device. An oxygen monitor is arranged on the telescopic aeration pipe in the fermentation bin; the stirring device, the temperature monitor, the aeration device and the oxygen monitor are respectively connected with the control system; the scheme has the characteristic of realizing refined, intelligent and automatic regulation and control management of the composting and maturing process of the organic solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of composting equipment, in particular to an adjustable aerobic composting system. Background Art

[0002] Organic solid waste refers to solid waste containing a certain amount of organic matter, including kitchen waste, domestic waste, livestock and poultry manure, garden waste, agricultural and forestry waste, municipal sludge and other organic solid wastes. The main characteristics of organic solid waste are: high proportion of organic matter, high difficulty in utilization, easy corruption, and the presence of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, if organic solid waste is not cleared and handled in time, it will bring serious hidden dangers to ecological environment sanitation. How to effectively handle and utilize organic solid waste, realize waste recycling, and reduce environmental pollution risks has become the focus of widespread social attention.

[0003] In the past, the main methods of treating organic solid waste were incineration and landfill. Landfill is easy to pollute groundwater, and incineration will seriously pollute the atmosphere. Aerobic composting is a process in which aerobic bacteria absorb, oxidize and decompose garbage under good ventilation conditions and sufficient oxygen to prepare biological organic fertilizer. The process principle is a biochemical process that relies on the action of specialized and facultative aerobic bacteria to degrade organic matter. The garbage to be composted is mixed with auxiliary materials in a certain proportion, and under appropriate moisture and ventilation conditions, microorganisms are allowed to reproduce and degrade organic matter. Now, more and more people choose composting as a treatment method for organic solid waste, which has both economic and environmental benefits.

[0004] At present, many existing technologies of aerobic composting equipment have been formed in China. Chinese patent CN208485812U discloses an intelligent oxygen supply vertical composting device, including a shell, a stirring device, several temperature sensors, a signal controller, a blower and a control device. Through several temperature sensors, blower nozzles and control devices in the device, the temperature of each area in the closed composting device is kept basically consistent, oxygen is accurately supplied, composting efficiency is improved, energy consumption is reduced, and composting time is shortened. However, the device cannot adjust the aeration amount according to the type of material, moisture content, etc., and cannot accurately control the composting time; Chinese patent CN217431580U discloses a compost aeration automatic heating device, including an aeration box, a mounting plate, a heating box, and a connecting pipe. A circulation mechanism is provided in the device to form a heating cycle, which is more environmentally friendly. At the same time, the raw materials in the aeration box can also be evenly heated to increase the composting success rate. However, the device fails to provide a temperature, oxygen and other indicator monitoring system, cannot accurately adjust the aeration amount, temperature and other indicators of the equipment, and cannot intelligently control the factors affecting composting.

[0005] Based on the above defects, there is an urgent need to provide an intelligent and adjustable aerobic composting system to realize automatic control of indicators such as aeration volume, temperature, and moisture content of aerobic composting equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the inventor provides an adjustable aerobic composting system, comprising: a feed pretreatment system, a fermentation bin, an aeration device and a control system;

[0007] The feed pretreatment system includes a feed inlet, which is arranged on a fermentation bin. A stirring device is arranged in the fermentation bin, and a temperature monitor is arranged on the rotating shaft of the stirring device. The aeration device includes a telescopic aeration pipe, which extends into the fermentation bin, and an oxygen monitor is arranged on the telescopic aeration pipe in the fermentation bin. The stirring device, temperature monitor, aeration device and oxygen monitor are respectively connected to a control system.

[0008] As a preferred structure of the utility model, the feed pretreatment system further comprises a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor is arranged in the feed port, and the screw conveyor is connected to the control system.

[0009] As a preferred structure of the present utility model, the stirring device includes a stirring motor, a rotating shaft and a stirring blade. The output end of the stirring motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The stirring blade is arranged on the rotating shaft. A humidity monitor is also arranged on the rotating shaft. The stirring motor and the humidity monitor are respectively connected to the control system.

[0010] As a preferred structure of the utility model, the stirring blades and the telescopic aeration pipe extending into the fermentation bin are staggered and distributed.

[0011] As a preferred structure of the utility model, the aeration device also includes an adjusting motor and a fan. The telescopic aeration pipe located in the fermentation bin is provided with aeration holes. The adjusting motor is connected to the telescopic aeration pipe. The telescopic aeration pipe located outside the fermentation bin is provided with an air inlet. The fan is arranged at the air inlet. The adjusting motor and the fan are respectively connected to the control system.

[0012] As a preferred structure of the utility model, the outer wall of the fermentation bin is provided with a heat-conducting layer, and the bottom of the fermentation bin is provided with a heater, and the heater is connected to the control system.

[0013] As a preferred structure of the utility model, the control system includes a control panel and an electric control box, the control panel is connected to the electric control box, and the control panel and / or the electric control box are respectively connected to the stirring device, temperature monitor, aeration device and oxygen monitor.

[0014] Different from the prior art, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This system controls the telescopic aeration pipe of the aeration device through the control system, so that the aeration pipe is adjusted to be telescopic, and the number of aeration holes in the fermentation bin changes with the telescopic regulation of the aeration pipe. The more aeration holes there are in the fermentation bin, the larger the aeration area, the better the ventilation, the higher the oxygen concentration, and the more conducive to the decomposition of organic solid waste in the fermentation bin; the control system controls the stirring speed by controlling the running speed of the rotating shaft of the stirring device; the control system monitors the temperature and oxygen concentration in the fermentation bin in real time through the temperature and oxygen monitors; thereby effectively achieving an intelligent and adjustable aerobic composting system that can accurately regulate factors such as ventilation, temperature, and oxygen concentration, and realize refined, intelligent, and automated regulation of organic solid waste, thereby exploring the best composting conditions and achieving the best organic fertilizer decomposition effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a system framework diagram described in the specific implementation method;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the system described in the specific implementation method;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the control panel described in the specific implementation method.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Feed inlet; 2. Fermentation chamber; 3. Aeration device; 4. Control system; 5. Heat transfer layer; 6. Stirring blades; 7. Stirring motor; 8. Telescopic aeration pipe; 9. Aeration hole; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Temperature monitor; 12. Oxygen monitor; 13. Fan; 14. Humidity monitor; 15. Adjustment motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an adjustable aerobic composting system, including: a feed pretreatment system, a fermentation bin, an aeration device and a control system;

[0023] The feed pretreatment system includes a feed port 1, which is arranged on a fermentation bin 2. A stirring device is arranged in the fermentation bin 2. A temperature monitor 11 is arranged on a rotating shaft 10 of the stirring device. The aeration device includes a telescopic aeration pipe 8, which extends into the fermentation bin 2. An oxygen monitor 12 is arranged on the telescopic aeration pipe 8 located in the fermentation bin 2. The stirring device, the temperature monitor, the aeration device and the oxygen monitor are respectively connected to a control system 4.

[0024] In the above embodiment, the feed pretreatment system also includes a screw conveyor, which is arranged in the feed port and connected to the control system. In this embodiment, the control system can accurately control the feeding by setting the screw conveyor, and realize uniform cutting and conveying of the material.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the stirring device includes a stirring motor 7, a rotating shaft 10 and a stirring blade 6. The output end of the stirring motor 7 is connected to the rotating shaft 10 in a transmission manner. The stirring blade 6 is arranged on the rotating shaft 10. The rotating shaft is also provided with a humidity monitor 14. The stirring motor 7 and the humidity monitor 14 are respectively connected to the control system 4. By arranging the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor on the rotating shaft, the temperature and humidity in the fermentation bin can be monitored in real time, and the rotation speed and start and stop of the stirring motor can be controlled by the through-hole control system, thereby controlling the speed and stirring time of the stirring material, and achieving the purpose of precise control. Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, in order to improve the aeration effect, in this embodiment, the stirring blades and the telescopic aeration pipe extending into the fermentation bin are staggered and distributed.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the aeration device 3 also includes an adjusting motor 15 and a fan 13. The telescopic aeration pipe located in the fermentation bin is provided with aeration holes 9. The adjusting motor 15 is connected to the telescopic aeration pipe 8. The telescopic aeration pipe 8 located outside the fermentation bin 2 is provided with an air inlet. The fan 13 is arranged at the air inlet. The adjusting motor 15 and the fan 13 are respectively connected to the control system 4. In the present embodiment, the air duct is provided for introducing air into the telescopic aeration pipe, and the fan can not only provide the air volume, but also adjust the speed of the air introduced by the air duct; in this way, the start and stop of the fan can be controlled by the control system to achieve the purpose of controlling the speed and air volume of the air introduced by the air duct, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the oxygen content in the fermentation bin, and in conjunction with the oxygen monitor, the oxygen content can be further accurately controlled and online detection of the oxygen content can be achieved; in addition, the regulating motor is used to control the opening and closing number of aeration holes on the telescopic aeration pipe. Specifically, the depth of the telescopic aeration pipe inserted into the fermentation bin can be adjusted by the regulating motor to achieve the purpose of controlling the number of aeration holes. The deeper the insertion, the more aeration holes there are. In this way, the regulating motor can be controlled by the control system to control the opening number of the aeration holes on the telescopic aeration pipe, thereby adjusting the ventilation purpose in the fermentation bin.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the outer wall of the fermentation bin 2 is provided with a heat conducting layer 5, and a heater is provided at the bottom of the fermentation bin, and the heater is connected to the control system 4. The heat conducting oil in the heat conducting layer 5 is heated by the heater to increase the temperature in the fermentation bin, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the material.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the control system 4 includes a control panel and an electric control box, the control panel is connected to the electric control box, and the control panel and / or the electric control box are respectively connected to the stirring device, the temperature monitor, the aeration device and the oxygen monitor.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the specific operation process of this system is as follows:

[0030] (1) pouring untreated organic solid waste into the screw conveyor through the feed port;

[0031] (2) Activate the "Start Feeding" button on the control panel, the conveying motor of the connected screw conveyor starts, material conveying begins, the material is cut, and the material is conveyed to the composting fermentation bin;

[0032] (3) After the material is transported, the "stop feeding" button on the control panel is activated, the conveying motor of the connected screw conveyor stops working, and the feed port is closed at the same time;

[0033] (4) After the material is transported, the "Stirring On" button on the control panel is activated, and the connected stirring motor rotates the rotating shaft, and the stirring blades start to rotate; the "Forward Time" and "Reverse Time" on the control panel can be set to control the direction of the stirring blades to ensure that the materials in the fermentation bin are fully and evenly stirred; the "Stirring On Time" and "Stirring Stop Time" on the control panel can be set to control the stirring time of the stirring blades.

[0034] (5) When the stirring blade needs to stop working, start the "Stirring Stop" button on the control panel, the connected stirring motor stops rotating, and the stirring blade stops rotating;

[0035] (6) Press the "Heating Start" button on the control panel, the heater starts heating, the temperature of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer layer outside the compost fermentation bin starts to rise, and the material in the compost fermentation bin starts to heat up; the "Oil Temperature Upper Limit" and "Oil Temperature Lower Limit" on the control panel are set to ensure that the temperature in the fermentation bin is stable within a certain range, thereby maintaining the stability of the compost temperature; the temperature information output by the temperature monitor is fed back to the "Temperature" interface of the control panel; if you want to stop heating the fermentation bin, press the "Heating Stop" button on the control panel, and the heater stops heating.

[0036] (7) The humidity information output by the humidity monitor in the compost fermentation bin and the oxygen concentration monitoring information output by the oxygen monitor are fed back to the "Humidity" interface and "Oxygen Concentration" interface of the control panel;

[0037] (8) Press the "Fan Start" button on the control panel to turn on the connected fan to deliver air to the telescopic aeration pipe. The "Fan Running Time" can be set on the control panel. The "Fan Running Time" and "Fan Stop Time" on the control panel can be controlled.

[0038] (9) Activate the "fan stop" button on the control panel, the connected fan stops, and stops supplying air to the telescopic aeration pipe;

[0039] (10) There are two retractable aeration tubes in the compost fermentation bin. If you want to adjust the oxygen concentration in the compost fermentation bin, you can activate the "Aeration Level 1", "Aeration Level 2", "Aeration Level 3", "Aeration Level 4", "Aeration Level 5" buttons under "Aeration Tube 1" or "Aeration Tube 2" on the control panel. The retractable aeration tubes corresponding to different buttons have different retractable lengths. The longer the retractable aeration tubes are retracted, the more aeration holes are exposed in the compost fermentation bin and the larger the aeration area is, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting and controlling the oxygen concentration in the compost fermentation bin. For example, by pressing the "aeration level 1" button below the telescopic aeration tube 1, the motor is adjusted to extend the telescopic aeration tube 1 into the compost fermentation bin, and the controlled aeration hole area is one-fifth of the aeration hole area on the entire telescopic aeration tube 1. Similarly, if the "aeration level 2" button below the aeration tube 1 is pressed, the motor is adjusted to extend the telescopic aeration tube 2 into the compost fermentation bin, and the controlled aeration hole area is two-fifths of the aeration hole area on the entire telescopic aeration tube 2. The aeration area of ​​the telescopic aeration tube in the compost fermentation bin can be flexibly adjusted to achieve precise control of ventilation and oxygen concentration in the fermentation bin.

[0040] (11) When the appropriate composting temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration are reached, the "start discharging" button on the control panel is activated, and the formed organic fertilizer is discharged through the discharging port. The "stop discharging" button on the control panel is activated to close the discharging port and stop discharging.

[0041] The intelligent, adjustable aerobic composting system provided in this embodiment can accurately control factors such as ventilation, temperature, and oxygen concentration, and realize refined, intelligent, and automated control of organic solid waste, thereby exploring the best composting conditions and achieving the best organic fertilizer maturity effect. In addition, the system has a simple structure, strong operability, good application prospects, and strong practicality.

[0042] It should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in this article, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of the utility model. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the utility model, changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structural or equivalent process transformations made using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the scope of patent protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable aerobic composting system, characterized in that: include: Feed pretreatment system, fermentation tank, aeration device and control system; The feed pretreatment system includes a feed inlet, which is arranged on a fermentation bin. A stirring device is arranged in the fermentation bin, and a temperature monitor is arranged on the rotating shaft of the stirring device. The aeration device includes a telescopic aeration pipe, which extends into the fermentation bin, and an oxygen monitor is arranged on the telescopic aeration pipe in the fermentation bin. The stirring device, temperature monitor, aeration device and oxygen monitor are respectively connected to a control system.

2. The adjustable aerobic composting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pretreatment system also includes a screw conveyor, which is arranged in the feed port and connected to a control system.

3. The adjustable aerobic composting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring device comprises a stirring motor, a rotating shaft and stirring blades. The output end of the stirring motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The stirring blades are arranged on the rotating shaft. A humidity monitor is also arranged on the rotating shaft. The stirring motor and the humidity monitor are respectively connected to a control system.

4. The adjustable aerobic composting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring blades and the telescopic aeration pipe extending into the fermentation bin are arranged in a staggered distribution.

5. The adjustable aerobic composting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration device also includes an adjusting motor and a fan. The telescopic aeration pipe located in the fermentation bin is provided with aeration holes. The adjusting motor is connected to the telescopic aeration pipe. The telescopic aeration pipe located outside the fermentation bin is provided with an air inlet. The fan is arranged at the air inlet. The adjusting motor and the fan are respectively connected to a control system.

6. The adjustable aerobic composting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fermentation bin is provided with a heat-conducting layer, and the bottom of the fermentation bin is provided with a heater, which is connected to a control system.

7. The adjustable aerobic composting system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The control system comprises a control panel and an electric control box, wherein the control panel is connected to the electric control box, and the control panel and / or the electric control box are respectively connected to a stirring device, a temperature monitor, an aeration device and an oxygen monitor.

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