Pipeline type biomass pyrolyzing furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pipeline type biomass pyrolyzing furnace which comprises a pipeline type pyrolyzing furnace body, and a pipeline type refining furnace is arranged below the pyrolyzing furnace body. Closed tanks capable of translating along the pyrolyzing furnace are arranged in the pyrolyzing furnace and the refining furnace, closed rings matched with the inner wall of the pyrolyzing furnace in shape are arranged at the two ends of each closed tank respectively, and a sealed interlayer is formed between each closed tank and the pyrolyzing furnace through the corresponding closed rings; the closed tank is provided with a closed door for filling biomass and a self-closing valve for feeding and discharging gas, and the pyrolyzing furnace and the refining furnace are respectively provided with a gas outlet pipeline and a gas inlet pipeline which are communicated with the sealing interlayer, and an operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve; the two ends of the pyrolyzing furnace and the two ends of the refining furnace are each provided with a lifting transfer mechanism used for lifting the closed tank. The biomass carbonization device can effectively collect energy and substances generated by biomass pyrolysis, is high in carbonization efficiency, and can also be applied to hydrogen preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a biomass pyrolysis furnace, in particular to a pyrolysis furnace based on biomass pyrolysis. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mainstream methods of industrial hydrogen production include: 1. Natural gas hydrogen production, that is, using methane and water in natural gas to convert into hydrogen and carbon dioxide at high temperature; 2. Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water; electrolysis of saturated salt water (2NaCl+2H2O==electricity==2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑). Obviously, no matter which method is used to produce hydrogen, there is a certain demand for energy, high temperature or electricity.

[0003] Biomass charcoal making is an effective method for the secondary utilization of biomass waste. In the process of biomass charcoal making, pyrolysis of biomass under different temperatures will produce wood gas composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and in the process of converting biomass into charcoal, methane and tar rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons will also be released. Chinese patent application 202211294894.0 discloses a multi-layer tunnel carbonization furnace. Its technical solution is to transfer biomass in a tunnel carbonization furnace in different temperature ranges to achieve the control of the biomass temperature curve, which can complete charcoal making more efficiently and recover the useful gases generated in the charcoal making process. This charcoal making process will produce the gas raw materials and energy required to prepare hydrogen.

[0004] If biomass charcoal production and industrial hydrogen production processes can be organically integrated, the energy and raw material problems of hydrogen production can be effectively solved, and the energy utilization rate will be higher, thus being more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, which can effectively collect energy and substances generated by biomass pyrolysis and has a high charcoal making efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model: a pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, which is characterized by: comprising a pipeline pyrolysis furnace, a pipeline refining furnace is arranged below the pyrolysis furnace; a closed tank which can be translated along the pyrolysis furnace is arranged in the pyrolysis furnace and the refining furnace, and closed rings whose shapes match the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace are arranged at both ends of the closed tank, and the closed rings form a sealed interlayer between the closed tank and the pyrolysis furnace; a closed door for filling biomass and a self-closing valve for inlet and outlet of gas are arranged on the closed tank, and an air outlet pipeline and an air inlet pipeline connected to the sealed interlayer, as well as an operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve are arranged on the pyrolysis furnace and the refining furnace; a lifting and transfer mechanism for lifting and lowering the closed tank is arranged at both ends of the pyrolysis furnace and the refining furnace.

[0007] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace has two or more layers. Since pyrolysis generally takes longer time than refining, multiple pyrolysis furnaces corresponding to one refining furnace can improve production efficiency.

[0008] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, a first explosion-proof valve is provided at the upper end of the closed tank, and a second explosion-proof valve linked to the first explosion-proof valve is provided on the pyrolysis furnace and the refining furnace.

[0009] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, the first explosion-proof valve includes a first air outlet, the first air outlet is provided with a first valve cover that can be vertically moved on the first air outlet, the top end of the first valve cover is closed and the side is provided with a first pressure relief port, and the inner wall of the lower end of the first valve cover is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the first air outlet; the second explosion-proof valve is located at the upper end of the first explosion-proof valve, the second explosion-proof valve includes a second air outlet, the second air outlet is provided with a second valve cover that can be vertically moved on the second air outlet, the top end of the second valve cover is closed and the side is provided with a second pressure relief port, and the lower end of the second valve cover is provided with an upper push rod for abutting against the first valve cover.

[0010] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, the self-closing valve includes a valve opening with an edge inclined outward, a valve cover hinged to the upper edge of the valve opening is provided on the valve opening, and a push plate is provided on the upper side of the valve cover; the hinge point of the valve cover is located at the connection between the valve cover and the push plate; the operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve is a telescopic push rod corresponding to the position of the push plate.

[0011] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, the refining furnace is divided into multiple sections, and a driving wheel for rolling the refining furnace is provided on the outside of one section. This section is provided to turn the material over in the final stage of biomass conversion into charcoal, so that the heating is more uniform and the performance of the same batch of charcoal produced in the end is similar.

[0012] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, the gas outlet pipeline includes at least two pipelines respectively connected to the upper end and the lower side of the sealed interlayer, wherein the pipeline located on the lower side is arranged to be inclined downward and is divided into an upper and lower pipeline through a three-way adapter, the upper pipeline transmits gas and the lower pipeline transmits liquid, thereby realizing the separation of substances such as tar in the flue gas.

[0013] In the aforementioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, a coil is provided in the refining furnace. After the coil is connected to cold water, it can be heated by the temperature generated in the closed tank to become a steam raw material for generating superheated steam.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model, based on the technical solution of a multi-layer tunnel-type carbonization furnace in Chinese patent application 202211294894.0, changes the tunnel kiln into a pipe-type furnace body, and adds a closed tank inside the furnace body. The closed tank is sealed by itself and can form a sealed interlayer with the inner wall of the furnace body, so the sealing performance of the material during pyrolysis (dry distillation) in the closed tank is better. At the same time, the existence of this closed interlayer makes the closed tank equivalent to entering a kiln chamber with different temperature control intervals when moving to different sections in the pipe-type furnace body (movement replaces temperature adjustment), without the need to constantly adjust the temperature like the existing dry distillation chamber.

[0015] The pyrolysis furnace of the utility model can also control the oxygen intake by inputting oxygen into the closed tank, so that the material is refined under low oxygen and hypoxia in the oxygen-intake refining furnace body. Partial oxidation reaction will occur in this process to generate a large amount of heat energy. On the one hand, the refining temperature can be further increased, so that the quality of the finished charcoal such as density and conductivity can be improved. On the other hand, the excess heat can be used for heating of biomass pyrolysis and heating during superheated water vapor preparation, thereby reducing external energy supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the refining furnace of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refining furnace of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first explosion-proof valve and the second explosion-proof valve of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the self-closing valve of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the high-temperature furnace of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model of a high-temperature furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: A pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, such as Figure 1-3As shown: it includes a pipeline pyrolysis furnace 3, and a pipeline refining furnace 4 is arranged below the pyrolysis furnace 3; the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the refining furnace 4 are both provided with a closed tank 1 that can be translated along the pyrolysis furnace 3, and the two ends of the closed tank 1 are respectively provided with a closed ring 10 whose shape matches the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 3, and the closed ring 10 forms a sealed interlayer between the closed tank 1 and the pyrolysis furnace 3; the closed tank 1 is provided with a closed door 13 for filling biomass and a self-closing valve 14 for gas in and out, and the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the refining furnace 4 are both provided with an outlet pipeline 5 and an inlet pipeline 6 connected to the sealed interlayer, and an operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve 14; the two ends of the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the refining furnace 4 are provided with a lifting and transfer mechanism for lifting the closed tank 31. The lifting and transfer mechanism can be a lift with a guide rail, and the lift lifts the closed tank 31, and then the hydraulic push rod with a closed door can be used to push the closed tank 31 into the pyrolysis furnace, and the end of the pyrolysis furnace is sealed at the same time.

[0025] The pyrolysis furnace 3 has two or more layers, and this embodiment takes two layers as an example.

[0026] The upper end of the sealed tank 1 is provided with a first explosion-proof valve 11, and the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the refining furnace 4 are provided with a second explosion-proof valve 12 linked to the first explosion-proof valve 11. The structure of the second explosion-proof valve 12 linked to the first explosion-proof valve 11 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the first explosion-proof valve 11 includes a first air outlet 111, on which a first valve cover 112 is sleeved and can be vertically moved on the first air outlet 111, the first valve cover 112 is closed at the top and a first pressure relief port 113 is provided on the side, and the inner wall of the lower end of the first valve cover 112 is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the first air outlet 111; the second explosion-proof valve 12 is located at the upper end of the first explosion-proof valve 11, the second explosion-proof valve 12 includes a second air outlet 121, on which a second valve cover 122 is sleeved and can be vertically moved on the second air outlet 121, the second valve cover 122 is closed at the top and a second pressure relief port 123 is provided on the side, and the lower end of the second valve cover 122 is provided with an upper push rod 124 for abutting against the first valve cover 112. Its specific working principle is as follows:

[0027] When the air pressure in the sealed tank 1 is too high, the internal pressure is greater than the self-gravity of the first valve cover 112, causing the first valve cover 112 to push up, and the sealing relationship between the first valve cover 112 and the first air outlet 111 is destroyed, and the gas can escape from the first pressure relief port 113 on the side of the first valve cover 112 to the sealing interlayer. At this time, since the first valve cover 112 will continue to push up the second valve cover 122, the gas in the sealing interlayer can escape from the second pressure relief port 123 according to the same principle, thereby achieving safe pressure relief.

[0028] The self-closing valve 14 has a structure as follows Figure 5As shown, it includes a valve port 141 with an outwardly inclined edge, a valve cover 142 hinged on the upper edge of the valve port 141, and a push plate 143 on the upper side of the valve cover 142; the hinge point of the valve cover 142 is located at the connection between the valve cover 142 and the push plate 143; the operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve 14 is a telescopic push rod 144 corresponding to the position of the push plate 143. When in use, the push plate 143 is pushed inward by the telescopic push rod 144, and the push plate 143 opens the valve cover 142 outward. At this time, the sealed tank 1 is connected to the sealed interlayer, and gas can enter and exit; and when the telescopic push rod 144 is retracted, the valve cover 142 presses the valve port 141 due to its own weight to close the valve. In order to increase the sealing effect, appropriate counterweights and asbestos can be added to the valve cover 142.

[0029] The refining furnace 4 is divided into multiple sections, and a driving wheel for rolling the refining furnace 4 is arranged on the outer side of one section. The gas outlet pipeline 5 comprises at least two pipelines respectively connected to the upper end and the lower side of the sealing interlayer, wherein the pipeline located on the lower side is arranged to be tilted downward and is divided into an upper and lower pipeline through a three-way adapter, wherein the upper pipeline transmits gas and the lower pipeline transmits liquid. A coil is arranged inside the refining furnace 4.

[0030] The sealing ring 32 can be made of an annular I-beam, which can form a cavity on the inside and a groove on the outside by welding with the sealing tank 31, and asbestos can be set in the groove as a sealing material. In order to improve the life of the sealing tank, the sealing tank can use a steel pipe as the main structure, weld structural nails on the inside of the steel pipe, and then cast a refractory material layer.

[0031] The pyrolysis furnace 3 and the refining furnace 4 are both a long steel pipe, and the outer side of the steel pipe is provided with heat insulation cotton, and its length can be set according to the length of the closed tank 31. Generally, it can be set to accommodate multiple closed tanks 31, for example, 9, which is equivalent to dividing the pyrolysis furnace 3 into 9 sections, and each section can be fed with fixed heat energy, so that the temperature of the closed tank 31 is different when it moves to different sections. The setting method of gradually increasing the temperature along the moving direction of the closed tank 31 can be adopted, and the specific temperature value should be selected according to the temperature curve required for the pyrolysis of the type of biomass material. The temperature in the pyrolysis furnace 3 can be input into the sealed interlayer by the hot gas generated by the lower end refining furnace 4, the electric heating wire heat conduction oil is set to heat, or the superheated water vapor is directly input into the closed tank 31, or a variety of heat sources can be used in combination. If it is necessary to reduce the dependence on external energy, a certain amount of oxygen can be input into the closed tank 31 to allow a part of the biomass to undergo oxidation reaction and generate heat.

[0032] A cooling furnace can also be provided at the rear end of the refining furnace 4. The requirements for the cooling furnace are relatively low. It only needs to be able to send the material frame in and then be sealed. Fire extinguishing and cooling can be carried out by filling carbon dioxide or the like.

[0033] The refining furnace body 4 is provided with a rotatable section, and a driving wheel for rolling the refining furnace body 4 is provided outside the rotatable section. A roller can also be provided inside the refining furnace body 4, and the roller drives the closed tank 1 to rotate slowly.

[0034] The movement of the sealed tank 31 can be achieved by pushing the sealed tanks 31 into the furnace one by one through the hydraulic push rod outside the furnace, and the sealed tank 31 behind pushes the sealed tank 31 in front to move. This method can avoid reducing the overall sealing effect in the furnace due to the internal power mechanism. Of course, it can also be achieved by relying on the reciprocating channel steel traction mechanism set in the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the refining furnace 4. The reciprocating channel steel traction mechanism can adopt the same structure as the multi-layer tunnel carbonization furnace in Chinese patent application 202211294894.0.

[0035] Embodiment 2: A hydrogen production device based on a pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace: comprising the above-mentioned pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace and a high-temperature recovery furnace. The structure of the high-temperature recovery furnace is as follows: Figure 6 and 7 As shown, it includes a main furnace body 22, and a plurality of baffle walls 23 are arranged inside the main furnace body 22; an air inlet is arranged at the front end of the main furnace body 22, an air outlet is arranged at the rear end, and a superheated steam input pipe 21 is arranged on the side. The main furnace body 22 is composed of an I-beam as an outer frame, surrounded by welded steel plates on the inside, and the steel plates surround the refractory castables on the inside. A heat insulation device can be arranged in the middle of the main furnace body 22 to divide it into two parts, and the two parts are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The return body high temperature furnace is filled with a heat storage carrier, and the heat storage carrier is a ceramic ball, which can also be used as a catalyst carrier.

[0036] The device of the utility model performs dry distillation in a sealed tank, can adopt high-temperature heating isolated outside the tank, and select the waste gas circulation heating of the lower refining furnace 4, with high energy utilization rate and lower cost. The mixed gas of methane and carbon monoxide discharged by pyrolysis in the sealed tank is transported to the return high-temperature furnace through the sealed pipe interface for use as raw material, and the utilization rate of intermediate products is higher.

[0037] The hydrogen production method of the hydrogen production equipment of the utility model:

[0038] ① Load the biomass blanks onto the material frame of the sealed tank and seal the sealed tank;

[0039] ② Move the closed tank along the pyrolysis furnace and stay in different sections of the pyrolysis furnace for a set time. During the period of the closed tank staying, heat is input into the interlayer between the closed tank and the pyrolysis furnace to heat the closed tank. By setting the heat input size of different sections of the pyrolysis furnace, the temperature in the tube gradually rises from room temperature when the closed tank passes through different sections, and the biomass blanks in the closed tank are dry distilled in an oxygen-free environment. Generally, the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace can be set to preheat from room temperature and then finally heated to about 300°C, because generally biomass can undergo a large amount of pyrolysis reaction in this temperature range to produce gases such as methane and carbon monoxide.

[0040] ③ The gas produced by dry distillation (solid particles and tar need to be filtered) is sent to the return high temperature furnace to react with superheated water steam to produce a mixed gas containing hydrogen, and hydrogen is separated from the mixed gas; the temperature in the return high temperature furnace is controlled at 800-1200℃. This process mainly reacts methane and carbon monoxide with water vapor to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. After the mixed gas is cooled by heat exchange, the hydrogen can be separated by compression separation technology.

[0041] ④ The closed tank enters the refining furnace through the lifting and transfer mechanism. First, superheated water steam is input into the closed tank to increase the temperature in the closed tank to the calcination temperature, so that the biomass blank is further carbonized. The gas generated in the closed tank and the gas obtained by dry distillation in step ② enter the return high-temperature furnace together; the temperature in the refining furnace can be gradually heated to about 600°C in the forward direction.

[0042] ⑤ Continue to move forward in the sealed tank and introduce oxygen into it to make the carbonized biomass billet partially oxidized in a low-oxygen state, so that the temperature in the sealed tank reaches the high temperature required for refining; the refining temperature can be gradually heated to about 1200℃ in the forward direction.

[0043] ⑥ The water in the coil 41 in the refining furnace 4 in step ⑤ can be heated by the heat generated by the closed tank to generate water vapor, which is then converted into superheated water vapor by secondary heating and sent to the return high-temperature furnace, and the hot gas generated by the oxygen-introducing refining furnace body is sent to the pyrolysis furnace as a heat source. The water vapor generated by the heating of the oxygen-introducing refining furnace body is generally not at a high temperature, and can continue to be heated by heat exchange in step ③, or can be heated to the required temperature of superheated water vapor by electromagnetic heating.

[0044] In step ⑥, the refining furnace body is divided into multiple sections, and the last section is turned over as a whole during the refining process to avoid uneven heating of the logistics in the furnace;

[0045] After step ⑥, the closed tank 31 needs to be extinguished and cooled. A cooling furnace can be set up to stop inputting oxygen into the closed tank or directly input nitrogen / carbon dioxide to extinguish the fire, and then input cold water into the coil for heat exchange cooling.

[0046] The utility model can realize the joint production of carbon production and hydrogen production by combining the biomass pyrolysis carbon production technology and the natural gas hydrogen production technology, and the substances and energy generated in the biomass pyrolysis carbon production process can be effectively used in the hydrogen production process, so it has the advantages of less waste discharge and low energy consumption.

Claims

1. Pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace, characterized by: The invention comprises a pipeline-type pyrolysis furnace (3), and a pipeline-type refining furnace (4) is arranged below the pyrolysis furnace (3); a sealed tank (1) which can be translated along the pyrolysis furnace (3) is arranged inside the pyrolysis furnace (3) and the refining furnace (4); sealed rings (10) whose shapes match the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace (3) are arranged at both ends of the sealed tank (1), and the sealed rings (10) form a sealed interlayer between the sealed tank (1) and the pyrolysis furnace (3); a sealed door (13) for loading biomass and a self-closing valve (14) for gas in and out are arranged on the sealed tank (1); an air outlet pipeline (5) and an air inlet pipeline (6) connected to the sealed interlayer, and an operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve (14) are arranged on the pyrolysis furnace (3) and the refining furnace (4); and a lifting and transfer mechanism for lifting and lowering the sealed tank (31) is arranged at both ends of the pyrolysis furnace (3) and the refining furnace (4).

2. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace (3) has two or more layers.

3. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the closed tank (1) is provided with a first explosion-proof valve (11), and the pyrolysis furnace (3) and the refining furnace (4) are provided with a second explosion-proof valve (12) linked to the first explosion-proof valve (11).

4. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first explosion-proof valve (11) comprises a first air outlet (111), a first valve cover (112) which can be vertically moved on the first air outlet (111) is sleeved on the first air outlet (111), the top of the first valve cover (112) is closed and a first pressure relief port (113) is provided on the side, and the inner wall of the lower end of the first valve cover (112) is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the first air outlet (111); the second explosion-proof valve (12) is located at the upper end of the first explosion-proof valve (11), the second explosion-proof valve (12) comprises a second air outlet (121), a second valve cover (122) which can be vertically moved on the second air outlet (121) is sleeved on the second air outlet (121), the top of the second valve cover (122) is closed and a second pressure relief port (123) is provided on the side, and an upper push rod (124) for abutting against the first valve cover (112) is provided at the lower end of the second valve cover (122).

5. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-closing valve (14) comprises a valve opening (141) with an edge inclined outward, a valve cover (142) hinged to the upper edge of the valve opening (141) is provided on the valve opening (141), and a push plate (143) is provided on the upper side of the valve cover (142); the hinge point of the valve cover (142) is located at the connection between the valve cover (142) and the push plate (143); the operating mechanism for opening the self-closing valve (14) is a telescopic push rod (144) corresponding to the position of the push plate (143).

6. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refining furnace (4) is divided into multiple sections, and a driving wheel for rolling the refining furnace (4) is provided on the outer side of one section.

7. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet pipeline (5) comprises at least two pipelines respectively connected to the upper end and the lower side of the sealing interlayer, wherein the pipeline located on the lower side is arranged to be inclined downward and is divided into an upper and lower pipeline by a three-way adapter, the upper pipeline transmitting gas and the lower pipeline transmitting liquid.

8. The pipeline biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refining furnace (4) is provided with a coil.

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