Rock-soil body surface splash erosion resistance tester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock-soil body surface splash erosion resistance tester, which relates to the technical field of soil tests and comprises a base plate, four long screws are detachably arranged at four corners of the upper end face of the base plate, a top panel is mounted at the tops of the four long screws, a middle plate is arranged between the base plate and the top panel, and the middle plate is connected with the base plate. The middle plate is connected to the top panel through four short screws; a raindrop simulation barrel is installed in the middle of the middle plate, a cylinder is arranged at the position, located at the lower end of a water dripping opening of the raindrop simulation barrel, of the base plate, a rock-soil containing cup is arranged in the cylinder, and a rock-soil body for testing is placed in the rock-soil containing cup; and the base plate is in threaded connection with four adjusting screw rods. According to the utility model, accurate control of constant water pressure in a rock-soil body surface splash erosion resistance test process is realized; the accurate control of the overall leveling of the rock-soil body surface splash erosion resistance tester is realized; the rock-soil body surface splash erosion resistance tester can be freely disassembled, assembled, carried and repeatedly used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical testing, in particular to a rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance testing instrument. Background Art

[0002] Various rock and soil bodies are widely distributed in nature, and they are often subjected to raindrop splash erosion from extreme rainfall. Due to the different types of rock and soil and their properties, the rock and soil bodies are subjected to different strengths of raindrop splash erosion, and the splash erosion resistance of the rock and soil surface is not the same, which in turn shows different degrees of rainfall erosion diseases, such as splash pits. Therefore, a specific tester is used to test the splash erosion resistance of the rock and soil surface in order to quantitatively characterize the splash erosion resistance of the rock and soil surface. At present, the existing rock and soil splash erosion resistance research devices are still insufficient in the precise control of constant water pressure and overall leveling of the instrument. To this end, it is necessary to develop a rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance tester with precise control of constant water pressure and overall leveling of the instrument to ensure the test accuracy of the splash erosion test. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a rock and soil surface splashing resistance tester to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A rock and soil surface anti-splashing tester comprises a base plate, four long screws are detachably provided at the four corners of the upper end face of the base plate, a top panel is installed on the top of the four long screws, an intermediate plate is provided between the base plate and the top panel, and the intermediate plate is connected to the top panel by four short screws; a raindrop simulation tube is installed in the middle of the intermediate plate, a cylindrical tube is provided on the base plate at the lower end of the drip outlet of the raindrop simulation tube, a rock and soil holding cup is provided in the cylindrical tube, and the rock and soil holding cup for the test is placed in the rock and soil holding cup; four adjusting screws are threadedly connected to the base plate for supporting and adjusting the base plate; circular level bubbles are provided on the upper ends of the base plate, the intermediate plate and the top panel; a digital display timer is also provided on the top panel for timing the duration of the splashing test.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the raindrop simulation tube includes an internal capillary, a long tube and a short bottom tube, the upper end and the lower end of the long tube are respectively sealed and connected to the long tube top cover and the long tube bottom cover, the lower end of the internal capillary extends to the inside of the long tube through the long tube top cover, and is fixedly connected to the long tube top cover; the upper end of the short bottom tube passes through the middle plate and is connected to the circular through hole opened in the center of the long tube bottom cover, and the lower end of the short bottom tube is sealed and connected to the short bottom tube bottom cover; the lower part of the short bottom tube is provided with a short bottom tube extending tube head, the outer end of the short bottom tube extending tube head is connected to the needle through a needle connecting hose, and the needle connecting hose is provided with a drop meter flow controller for controlling the needle water drop flow rate.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a cantilever plate is also provided at the lower part of the bottom short tube, and a cantilever plate through hole 1 and a cantilever plate through hole 2 are provided on the cantilever plate. Cantilever plate through hole 1 is used to insert a needle plug, and cantilever plate through hole 2 has the same diameter as the outer diameter of the bottom short tube. It can be inserted and glued to the outer periphery of the bottom short tube to ensure that the axis of the bottom short tube is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the cantilever plate, and the needle plug is used to insert the needle into cantilever plate through hole 1.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above solution, the axis of the long tube is kept parallel to the axis of the bottom short tube and the inner capillary tube.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above solution, the top cover of the long cylinder is further provided with a through hole, and a plug is provided in the through hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above solution, a windproof enclosure is arranged around the plurality of long screw rods, and wool noodles and hook noodles are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the edges on both sides of the windproof enclosure.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0012] 1. Realized the precise control of constant water pressure during the splash erosion resistance test of rock and soil surface;

[0013] 2. The precise control of the overall leveling of the rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance tester is realized;

[0014] 3. The rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance tester can be freely disassembled, assembled, carried and reused;

[0015] 4. The free regulation of raindrop height of the rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance tester is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The figure is a structural diagram of a rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance testing instrument.

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a base plate in a rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance testing instrument.

[0018] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle plate in a rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance tester.

[0019] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top panel in a rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance testing instrument.

[0020] Figure 5 The diagram is a structural diagram of a raindrop simulation tube in a rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance tester.

[0021] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the cantilever plate in a rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance testing instrument.

[0022] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a windproof enclosure in a rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance testing instrument.

[0023] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical tube in a rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance tester.

[0024] In the figure: 1, base plate; 2, nut; 3, adjusting screw; 4, circular level bubble; 5, long screw; 6, middle plate; 7, top plate; 8, short screw; 9, digital display timer; 10, raindrop simulation cylinder; 11, plug; 12, windproof enclosure; 13, cylindrical cylinder; 14, rock and soil holding cup; 15, rock and soil body; 16, splash pit;

[0025] 1-1, circular through hole in base plate; 1-2, circular through hole with internal thread; 6-1, circular through hole one in middle plate; 6-2, circular through hole two in middle plate; 7-1, circular through hole one in top panel; 7-2, circular through hole two in top panel; 7-3, square cross-section through hole; 10-1, top cover of long cylinder; 10-2, internal capillary; 10-3, long cylinder; 10-4, bottom cover of long cylinder; 10-5, short cylinder at bottom; 10-6, needle connecting hose; 10-7, needle; 10-8, cantilever plate; 10-9, needle plug; 10-10, drop meter flow controller; 10-11, bottom cover of short cylinder at bottom; 10-12, external extension pipe head of short cylinder at bottom; 12-1, wool noodles; 12-2, hook noodles; 10-8-1, through hole one in cantilever plate; 10-8-2, through hole two in cantilever plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of this patent is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0027] Example, see Figure 1 and Figure 2, a rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance tester, comprising a base plate 1, a nut 2, an adjusting screw 3, a circular level bubble 4, a long screw 5, an intermediate plate 6, a top panel 7, a short screw 8, a digital display timer 9, a raindrop simulation tube 10, a plug 11, a windproof enclosure 12, a cylindrical tube 13, a rock and soil holding cup 14 and a rock and soil body 15;

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the base plate 1 is provided with a plurality of base plate round through holes 1-1 and a plurality of internally threaded round through holes 1-2. The diameter of the base plate round through hole 1-1 matches the outer diameter of the long screw 5, so that the long screw 5 passes through the base plate round through hole 1-1 and is fixed by two nuts 2 on both sides of the base plate 1. The thread specification of the internally threaded round through hole 1-2 matches the thread on the adjusting screw 3, so that the adjusting screw 3 is connected to the internally threaded round through hole 1-2 in a threaded manner. The base plate 1 is preferably a stainless steel plate, and a stainless steel plate with a certain weight can play a role in stabilizing the entire tester.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the nut 2 is used to connect the long screw 5, the short screw 8 with the base plate 1, the middle plate 6, and the top plate 7. As for the long screw 5 or the short screw 8, when it passes through any one of the base plate 1, the middle plate 6, and the top plate 7, there is at least one nut 2 at both ends of the plate. The nut 2 is preferably a stainless steel nut.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of adjusting screws 3 are threadedly connected into the corresponding plurality of internally threaded round through holes 1-2 on the base plate 1, and can be used to level the base plate 1 to ensure the test accuracy. The adjusting screws 3 are preferably stainless steel screws.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple circular level bubbles 4, which are fixed on the base plate 1, the middle plate 6 and the top plate 7 respectively. By observing whether the bubbles are centered, it can be judged whether the base plate 1, the middle plate 6 and the top plate 7 are kept level.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, there are a plurality of long screw rods 5, which are used to define the base plate 1 and the top plate 7 in a threaded connection manner with a plurality of nuts 2. The long screw rods 5 are preferably stainless steel screw rods.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the middle plate 6 is provided with a plurality of middle plate round through holes 1 6-1 and a middle plate round through hole 2 6-2. The diameter of the middle plate round through hole 1 6-1 is the same as the outer diameter of the short screw 8, and is used to pass through the short screw 8. The diameter of the middle plate round through hole 2 6-2 is the same as the outer diameter of the bottom short cylinder 10-5 of the raindrop simulation cylinder 10, and is used to pass through the bottom short cylinder 10-5. The middle plate 6 is preferably an acrylic plate.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the top panel 7 is provided with a plurality of top panel circular through holes 1 7-1, a plurality of top panel circular through holes 2 7-2 and a square cross-section through hole 7-3. The diameter of the top panel circular through hole 1 7-1 is the same as the outer diameter of the long screw 5, and is used to pass the long screw 5. The diameter of the top panel circular through hole 2 7-2 is the same as the outer diameter of the short screw 8, and is used to pass the short screw 8. The top panel 7 is preferably an acrylic plate.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the short screw rod 8 and the nut 2 are threadedly connected to define the middle plate 6 and the top plate 7. The short screw rod 8 is preferably a stainless steel screw rod.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a digital display timer 9 is fixed on the top panel 7 and is used to time the duration of the sputtering test.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the raindrop simulation tube 10 includes a long tube top cover 10-1, an internal capillary tube 10-2, a long tube 10-3, a long tube bottom cover 10-4, a bottom short tube 10-5, a needle connection hose 10-6, a needle 10-7, a cantilever plate 10-8, a needle plug 10-9, a drop meter flow controller 10-10, a bottom short tube bottom cover 10-11, and a bottom short tube extension tube head 10-12. The long tube top cover 10-1 is aligned with the top surface of the long tube 10-3 and connected by sealing glue. The long tube top cover 10-1 is provided with a round through hole for passing the internal capillary tube and a round through hole for plugging the plug 11. The internal capillary 10-2 is kept vertical and fixedly connected to the corresponding circular through hole on the long cylinder top cover 10-1 by glue. The relative height between the bottom end face of the internal capillary 10-2 and the bottom short cylinder bottom cover 10-11 is predetermined according to the test requirements. This relative height determines the constant pressure value during the anti-splash test. The relationship between the two obeys the Maliteo bottle principle. The interior of the long cylinder 10-3 is used to hold a certain volume of water. A circular through hole with the same diameter as the outer diameter of the bottom cylinder is provided on the long cylinder bottom cover 10-4. The long cylinder bottom cover 10-4 is aligned with the bottom surface of the long cylinder 10-3 and then connected with sealing glue. The bottom short cylinder 10-5 is used to pass through the middle plate circular through hole 6-2 on the middle plate 6. The needle connecting hose 10-6 is used to connect the needle 10-7 with the bottom short cylinder external extension tube head 10-12, and the needle connecting hose 10-6 is provided with a drop meter flow controller 10-10 for controlling the needle water drop flow rate. As Figure 6As shown, the cantilever plate 10-8 is provided with a cantilever plate through hole 10-8-1 and a cantilever plate through hole 2 10-8-2. The cantilever plate through hole 10-8-1 is used to insert a needle plug 10-9. The diameter of the cantilever plate through hole 2 10-8-2 is the same as the outer diameter of the bottom short cylinder 10-5, and can be inserted and glued to the outer periphery of the bottom short cylinder 10-5 to ensure that the axis of the bottom short cylinder 10-5 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the cantilever plate 10-8. The needle plug 10-9 is used to insert the needle 10-7 and then insert it into the cantilever plate through hole 10-8-1. The drop meter flow controller 10-10 is used to control the speed of the water droplet flow of the needle 10-7. The bottom cover 10-11 of the bottom short cylinder is a disc plate, which is sealed and connected to the bottom end face of the bottom short cylinder 10-5 by glue. The bottom short tube extension tube head 10-12 is a thin tube extending horizontally from the bottom short tube 10-5, and is used to connect with the needle connecting hose 10-6, so as to introduce the water in the long tube 10-3 into the needle 10-7 to simulate water drops. The axis of the long tube 10-3 is parallel to the axis of the bottom short tube 10-5 and the inner thin tube 10-2. The raindrop simulation tube 10 is preferably made of transparent and high-strength acrylic material. According to the required constant pressure value during the anti-splash test, multiple raindrop simulation tubes 10 can be made for standby.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the plug 11 is used to plug the round through hole on the raindrop simulation cylinder 10 to prevent air from entering. The plug 11 is preferably a conical rubber plug.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the front and back sides of the two side edges of the windproof enclosure 12 are respectively provided with wool noodles 12-1 and hook noodles 12-2. The windproof enclosure 12 can just surround the multiple long screws 5 to block the influence of air flow on the vertical falling of water droplets, thereby reducing the adverse influence of air flow on the splash test. The windproof enclosure 12 is preferably made of airtight and waterproof lightweight fabric.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the cylinder 13 is a cylinder without a top cover, and its height is slightly greater than that of the rock and soil holding cup 14, so as to prevent mud and water from splashing after water drops fall into the rock and soil holding cup 14. The rock and soil holding cup 14 is used to hold the rock and soil body 15, so that the water drops continue to splash the surface of the rock and soil body, and finally form a splash pit 16.

[0041] The steps of using the utility model are as follows:

[0042] 1 As Figure 1 As shown, the relevant parts of the tester are connected and assembled in sequence;

[0043] 2 Adjust the multiple adjustment screws 3 until the circular level bubble on the base plate 1 is centered to ensure that the base plate 1 remains level;

[0044] 3 Adjust the nuts on the long screws 5 on the upper and lower sides of the top panel 7 until the circular level bubble on the top panel 7 is centered to ensure that the top panel 7 remains horizontal and that the distance between the top panel 7 and the base plate 1 meets the test requirements;

[0045] 4 Adjust the nuts on the short screws 8 on the upper and lower sides of the middle plate 6 until the nuts on the long screws 5 on the upper and lower sides and the circular level bubble on the middle plate 6 are centered to ensure that the middle plate 6 remains horizontal and at the same time ensure that the distance between the middle plate 6 and the base plate 1 meets the test requirements;

[0046] 5 Open the plug 11, add water required for one splash test into the long tube 10-3 of the raindrop simulation tube 10, and then plug the corresponding round through hole of the long tube bottom cover 10-4 of the raindrop simulation tube 10 with the plug 11;

[0047] 6 Adjust the drop meter flow controller 10-10 to control the water drop flow rate to meet the needs of the splash test;

[0048] 7. Put the specific rock and soil body 15 into the rock and soil cup 14 and then put it into the cylinder 13. Then move the cylinder 13 under the water drop to ensure that the water drop vertically falls on the rock and soil body 15 in the center of the rock and soil cup 14.

[0049] 8 When the water drop starts to contact the rock and soil body 15, turn on the digital display timer 9 to record the duration of the splash test;

[0050] When the duration of the splash test recorded by the digital display timer 9 meets the requirements of the splash test, the drop meter flow controller 10-10 is closed, a splash pit 16 is generated on the surface of the rock body 15, and a splash test is completed.

Claims

1. A rock and soil surface splash erosion resistance tester, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base plate (1), wherein four long screws (5) are detachably arranged at four corners of the upper end surface of the base plate (1), a top panel (7) is installed on the top of the four long screws (5), an intermediate plate (6) is arranged between the base plate (1) and the top panel (7), and the intermediate plate (6) is connected to the top panel (7) via four short screws (8); a raindrop simulation tube (10) is installed in the middle of the intermediate plate (6), and a water drop outlet of the raindrop simulation tube (10) is located at the lower end of the base plate (1). A cylindrical tube (13) is provided, a rock and soil holding cup (14) is provided in the cylindrical tube (13), and a rock and soil body (15) for testing is placed in the rock and soil holding cup (14); four adjusting screws (3) are threadedly connected to the base plate (1) for supporting and adjusting the base plate (1); circular level bubbles (4) are provided at the upper ends of the base plate (1), the middle plate (6) and the top plate (7); and a digital display timer (9) is also provided on the top plate (7) for timing the duration of the splash test.

2. The rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raindrop simulation tube (10) comprises an internal capillary tube (10-2), a long tube (10-3) and a short bottom tube (10-5); the upper end and the lower end of the long tube (10-3) are respectively sealedly connected to the long tube top cover (10-1) and the long tube bottom cover (10-4); the lower end of the internal capillary tube (10-2) passes through the long tube top cover (10-1) to extend into the long tube (10-3) and is fixedly connected to the long tube top cover (10-1); the upper end of the short bottom tube (10-5) passes through the middle plate (6) and is connected to the long tube bottom cover (10-4); The bottom short cylinder (10-5) is connected to a circular through hole in the center of the long cylinder bottom cover (10-4), and the lower end of the bottom short cylinder (10-5) is sealed and connected to the bottom short cylinder bottom cover (10-11); the lower part of the bottom short cylinder (10-5) is provided with a bottom short cylinder external extension pipe head (10-12), and the outer end of the bottom short cylinder external extension pipe head (10-12) is connected to the needle (10-7) through a needle connecting hose (10-6), and the needle connecting hose (10-6) is provided with a drop meter flow controller (10-10) for controlling the flow rate of needle water drops.

3. The rock and soil surface splashing resistance tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cantilever plate (10-8) is further provided at the lower part of the bottom short cylinder (10-5). The cantilever plate (10-8) is provided with a cantilever plate through hole 1 (10-8-1) and a cantilever plate through hole 2 (10-8-2). The cantilever plate through hole 1 (10-8-1) is used to insert a needle plug (10-9). The diameter of the cantilever plate through hole 2 (10-8-2) is the same as the outer diameter of the bottom short cylinder (10-5). The cantilever plate through hole 2 (10-8-2) can be inserted into the outer periphery of the bottom short cylinder (10-5) and glued to ensure that the axis of the bottom short cylinder (10-5) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the cantilever plate (10-8). The needle plug (10-9) is used to insert the needle (10-7) and then insert it into the cantilever plate through hole 1 (10-8-1).

4. The rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance tester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axis of the long tube (10-3) is kept parallel to the axis of the bottom short tube (10-5) and the inner capillary tube (10-2).

5. The rock and soil surface splash corrosion resistance tester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The long cylinder top cover (10-1) is also provided with a through hole, and a plug (11) is provided in the through hole.

6. The rock and soil surface splashing resistance tester according to claim 5, characterized in that: A windproof enclosure (12) is arranged around the plurality of long screw rods (5), and wool noodles (12-1) and hook noodles (12-2) are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the edges on both sides of the windproof enclosure (12).

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