Charging management system and electric vehicle
By integrating the charging management system in the motor controller and using encryption protocol to identify the charger type and status, the problem of lack of charger identification and control in the existing system is solved, safe and efficient charging of lead-acid batteries is achieved, and the entire vehicle is reduced structural complexity and maintenance difficulty.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421269304.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-05
AI Technical Summary
The existing charging management system lacks the function of charger identification and control, which lead-acid battery system cannot fully utilize the battery performance, and the entire vehicle needs to add additional charging and discharging management modules, resulting in complex vehicle structure and increased maintenance difficulty.
A charging management system integrated into the motor controller is designed to accurately identify the charger type and status through the encryption protocol communication between the control unit and the charger, and control the charging process through the switch unit to avoid plug-in charging and discharging management modules.
It realizes safe and efficient charging of lead-acid batteries, prevents safety problems caused by private modification or random connection of chargers, reduces the complexity of vehicle components and wiring harnesses, and reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulties.
Smart Images
Figure CN222451993U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the utility model relate to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a charging management system and an electric vehicle. Background Art
[0002] With the popularity of electric two-wheelers, their safety issues have gradually attracted widespread attention from the society. At present, some users have privately modified electric two-wheelers or used counterfeit and shoddy chargers to charge in pursuit of higher performance or lower costs. These behaviors may not only lead to the degradation of battery performance and shortened life, but may even cause safety accidents such as fire, seriously threatening the safety of users' lives and property.
[0003] At present, most lithium battery systems rely on the battery management system (BMS) module inside the battery pack to manage the charging and discharging process to ensure the safety, stability and efficient operation of the battery. However, for lead-acid battery systems, the situation is not satisfactory. The existing charging management system lacks the function of charger identification and control, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the battery performance. Either an external charging and discharging management module is required, which has obvious defects: an additional charging and discharging management module needs to be added to the vehicle, resulting in a complex vehicle structure and a large number of wiring harnesses, which not only increases the manufacturing cost, but may also cause the wiring harness to be messy, easy to damage and difficult to repair. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model provides a charging management system and an electric vehicle, which can accurately identify the type and state of the charger, ensure the safety and charging efficiency of the battery, do not require an external charging and discharging management module, and reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty.
[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a charging management system is provided, which is applied to an electric vehicle, and the charging management system includes: a vehicle battery pack, a charger, a charging component, and a motor controller, wherein the motor controller includes a control unit and a switch unit;
[0006] The charger is connected to the charging assembly and the motor controller in sequence, the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack is connected to the first end of the charging assembly and the motor controller, and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery pack is connected to the motor controller;
[0007] The first end of the switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery pack, the second end of the switch unit is connected to the first end of the control unit, the second end of the control unit is connected to the second end of the charging component, and the third end of the switch unit is connected to the third end of the charging component;
[0008] The charger is used to send a preset encryption protocol to communicate with the control unit, and the control unit is used to verify the preset encryption protocol and send a control signal to the switch unit after the verification is passed. The switch unit controls the charger to charge the vehicle battery pack in response to the control signal.
[0009] Optionally, the charging management system further comprises an electric vehicle drive motor, and the electric vehicle drive motor is connected to the motor controller;
[0010] The motor controller also includes a drive unit, an output end of the drive unit is connected to the electric vehicle drive motor, a first end of the drive unit is connected to the first end of the switch unit, a second end of the drive unit is connected to the third end of the control unit, and the third end of the drive unit is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack. The control unit is used to send a motor drive signal to the drive unit, and the drive unit is used to drive the electric vehicle drive motor to work according to the received motor drive signal.
[0011] Optionally, the charging component includes a charger plug, which is connected between the charger and the motor controller.
[0012] Optionally, the charging assembly further comprises a vehicle charging interface, wherein the vehicle charging interface is connected between the charger plug and the motor controller;
[0013] The first end of the vehicle charging interface is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack, the second end of the vehicle charging interface is connected to the second end of the control unit, and the third end of the vehicle charging interface is connected to the third end of the switch unit.
[0014] Optionally, the charging management system further includes a vehicle electrical component, wherein the vehicle electrical component is connected between the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery pack.
[0015] Optionally, the vehicle electrical components include at least one of an instrument, a lamp and a horn.
[0016] Optionally, the control unit comprises a microcontroller.
[0017] Optionally, the switch unit includes a power MOS field effect transistor.
[0018] Optionally, the driving unit includes a motor driving circuit.
[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electric vehicle is provided, and the electric vehicle includes the charging management system described in any one of the above aspects.
[0020] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is that the control unit communicates with the charger through a specific encryption protocol, so as to accurately identify the type and status of the charger, which can effectively prevent users from privately modifying the battery or randomly connecting the charger to cause safety problems such as overcharging and over-discharging of the battery, reduce the risk of accidents such as fire, and can accurately identify the type and status of the charger to ensure the safety and charging efficiency of the battery; the integrated design is realized by the control unit and the switch unit built into the motor controller of the whole vehicle, and no external charging and discharging management module is required, which reduces the number of components and the complexity of the wiring harness on the whole vehicle, can reduce the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, and improve the competitiveness of the product. In summary, the utility model solves the problem that the existing charging management system lacks the function of charger identification and control, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the battery performance; in addition, it also solves the problem that the whole vehicle needs to add an additional charging and discharging management module, resulting in a complex vehicle structure, while adding a large number of wiring harnesses, increasing the manufacturing cost, and resulting in chaotic wiring harnesses, easy damage and difficult maintenance.
[0021] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present utility model, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Other features of the present utility model will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a charging management system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a working principle diagram of a charging management system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging management system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, with reference to Figure 1 The embodiment of the utility model provides a charging management system, which is applied to electric vehicles. The charging management system includes: a whole vehicle battery pack 10, a charger 20, a charging component 30 and a motor controller 40, and the motor controller 40 includes a control unit 41 and a switch unit 42; the charger 20 is connected to the charging component 30 and the motor controller 40 in sequence, the positive electrode + of the whole vehicle battery pack 10 is connected to the first end of the charging component 30 and the motor controller 40, and the negative electrode - of the whole vehicle battery pack 10 is connected to the motor controller 40; the first end of the switch unit 42 is connected to the negative electrode - of the whole vehicle battery pack 10, the second end of the switch unit 42 is connected to the first end of the control unit 41, the second end of the control unit 41 is connected to the second end of the charging component 30, and the third end of the switch unit 42 is connected to the third end of the charging component 30; the charger 20 is used to send a preset encryption protocol to communicate with the control unit 41, the control unit 41 is used to verify the preset encryption protocol and send a control signal to the switch unit 42 after the verification is passed, and the switch unit 42 controls the charger 20 to charge the whole vehicle battery pack 10 in response to the control signal.
[0028] Specifically, the switch unit 42 inside the motor controller 40 is in a normally off state. When the charger 20 is connected to the charging assembly 30, the positive power supply + red line loop is connected. Since the switch unit 42 is in an off state, the negative power supply - black line loop is blocked, and the battery pack 10 of the entire vehicle cannot be charged. When the charger 20 sends an encryption protocol with a 0x19 frame header to the control unit 41 via Singal1 (single bus communication), only when the control unit 41 does not drive the motor and the encryption protocol in Singal1 is verified, the switch unit 42 is driven to turn on through the control signal Singal2. At this time, the negative power supply - black line loop is turned on, and the charger 20 charges the battery pack 10 of the entire vehicle.
[0029] In view of the lack of control over the charge and discharge functions of the lead-acid battery system, the charging management system in the embodiment of the utility model introduces a charger identification and control mechanism. This mechanism can accurately identify the type of charger connected and communicate with the charger through a specific encryption protocol. Only when the charger passes the verification of the protocol will it be allowed to charge the battery. This mechanism can effectively prevent users from privately modifying the battery or using counterfeit and shoddy chargers, thereby ensuring the safety and charging efficiency of the battery.
[0030] The charging management system is a charging management system integrated into the motor controller. A charging management system integrated into the motor controller of the whole vehicle is proposed. The system realizes comprehensive management of the charging and discharging process of the lead-acid battery through the control unit 41 and the switch unit 42 built into the motor controller of the whole vehicle. Compared with the traditional external charging and discharging management module, this integrated design significantly reduces the number of components and the complexity of the wiring harness on the whole vehicle. This not only reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, but also improves the reliability and maintainability of the system.
[0031] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is that the control unit communicates with the charger through a specific encryption protocol, so as to accurately identify the type and status of the charger, which can effectively prevent users from privately modifying the battery or randomly connecting the charger to cause safety problems such as overcharging and over-discharging of the battery, reduce the risk of accidents such as fire, and can accurately identify the type and status of the charger to ensure the safety and charging efficiency of the battery; the integrated design is realized by the control unit and the switch unit built into the motor controller of the whole vehicle, and no external charging and discharging management module is required, which reduces the number of components and the complexity of the wiring harness on the whole vehicle, can reduce the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, and improve the competitiveness of the product. In summary, the utility model solves the problem that the existing charging management system lacks the function of charger identification and control, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the battery performance; in addition, it also solves the problem that the whole vehicle needs to add an additional charging and discharging management module, resulting in a complex vehicle structure, while adding a large number of wiring harnesses, increasing the manufacturing cost, and resulting in chaotic wiring harnesses, easy damage and difficult maintenance.
[0032] Figure 2 This is a working principle diagram of a charging management system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, referring to Figure 2Optionally, the charging management system also includes an electric vehicle drive motor 50, which is connected to the motor controller 40; the motor controller 40 also includes a drive unit 43, the output end of the drive unit 43 is connected to the electric vehicle drive motor 50, the first end of the drive unit 43 is connected to the first end of the switch unit 42, the second end of the drive unit 43 is connected to the third end of the control unit 41, and the third end of the drive unit 43 is connected to the positive electrode + of the vehicle battery pack 10. The control unit 41 is used to send a motor drive signal to the drive unit 43, and the drive unit 43 is used to drive the electric vehicle drive motor 50 to work according to the received motor drive signal.
[0033] Specifically, when the charger 20 sends an encryption protocol with a 0x19 frame header to the control unit 41 through Singal1 (single bus communication), if the control unit 41 is driving the electric vehicle drive motor 50 through the motor drive signal Singal3 and the drive unit 43, then regardless of whether the encryption protocol in Singal1 is verified, the switch unit 42 is always in a disconnected state, and the charger 20 cannot charge the battery pack 10 of the entire vehicle. Only when the control unit 41 does not drive the electric vehicle drive motor 50 and the encryption protocol is verified, the switch unit 42 is driven to turn on through the control signal Singal2. At this time, the power supply negative pole-black line loop is turned on, and the charger 20 charges the battery pack 10 of the entire vehicle.
[0034] Continue to refer Figure 2 Optionally, the charging component 30 includes a charger plug 31 , which is connected between the charger 20 and the motor controller 40 .
[0035] Continue to refer Figure 2 Optionally, the charging component 30 also includes a vehicle charging interface 32, which is connected between the charger plug 31 and the motor controller 40; the first end of the vehicle charging interface 32 is connected to the positive pole + of the vehicle battery pack 10, the second end of the vehicle charging interface 32 is connected to the second end of the control unit 41, and the third end of the vehicle charging interface 32 is connected to the third end of the switch unit 42.
[0036] Specifically, the switch unit 42 inside the motor controller 40 is in a normally off state. When the charger plug 31 is connected to the vehicle charging interface 32, the positive power supply + red line loop is connected. Since the switch unit 42 is in an off state, the negative power supply - black line loop is blocked, and the vehicle battery pack 10 cannot be charged.
[0037] Continue to refer Figure 2 Optionally, the charging management system further includes a vehicle electrical component 60 , and the vehicle electrical component 60 is connected between the positive electrode + of the vehicle battery pack 10 and the negative electrode − of the vehicle battery pack 10 .
[0038] Continue to refer Figure 2 Optionally, the vehicle electrical components 60 include at least one of an instrument, a lamp and a horn.
[0039] Specifically, the vehicle electrical components 60 are other vehicle electrical components except the motor controller 40 , for example, they may be instruments, lights, and horns.
[0040] Optionally, the control unit comprises a microcontroller.
[0041] Optionally, the switch unit comprises a power MOS field effect transistor.
[0042] Optionally, the drive unit includes a motor drive circuit.
[0043] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electric vehicle is provided. The electric vehicle includes the charging management system provided by any embodiment of the present invention.
[0044] Since the electric vehicle includes the charging management system provided by any embodiment of the utility model, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned electric vehicle and the charging management system are the same, which will not be repeated here.
[0045] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A charging management system, applied to electric vehicles, characterized in that: include: A vehicle battery pack, a charger, a charging assembly and a motor controller, wherein the motor controller includes a control unit and a switch unit; The charger is connected to the charging assembly and the motor controller in sequence, the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack is connected to the first end of the charging assembly and the motor controller, and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery pack is connected to the motor controller; The first end of the switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery pack, the second end of the switch unit is connected to the first end of the control unit, the second end of the control unit is connected to the second end of the charging component, and the third end of the switch unit is connected to the third end of the charging component; The charger is used to send a preset encryption protocol to communicate with the control unit, and the control unit is used to verify the preset encryption protocol and send a control signal to the switch unit after the verification is passed. The switch unit controls the charger to charge the vehicle battery pack in response to the control signal.
2. The charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electric vehicle drive motor, which is connected to the motor controller; The motor controller also includes a drive unit, an output end of the drive unit is connected to the electric vehicle drive motor, a first end of the drive unit is connected to the first end of the switch unit, a second end of the drive unit is connected to the third end of the control unit, and the third end of the drive unit is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack. The control unit is used to send a motor drive signal to the drive unit, and the drive unit is used to drive the electric vehicle drive motor to work according to the received motor drive signal.
3. The charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging assembly includes a charger plug connected between the charger and the motor controller.
4. The charging management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The charging assembly also includes a vehicle charging interface, which is connected between the charger plug and the motor controller; The first end of the vehicle charging interface is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack, the second end of the vehicle charging interface is connected to the second end of the control unit, and the third end of the vehicle charging interface is connected to the third end of the switch unit.
5. The charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a vehicle electrical component, which is connected between the positive electrode of the vehicle battery pack and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery pack.
6. The charging management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vehicle electrical components include at least one of an instrument, a lamp and a horn.
7. The charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit comprises a microcontroller.
8. The charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch unit includes a power MOS field effect transistor.
9. The charging management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit includes a motor driving circuit.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a charging management system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.