Intelligent metallographic phase inlaying machine with novel structure

Abstract

According to the intelligent metallographic phase embedding machine with the novel structure, the whole body, namely the lower part, the upper part and the top part of the existing metallographic phase embedding machine is innovated and improved. A transmission system on the lower portion uses an electric push rod to drive a lower male die to ascend and descend to do work. According to the sample forming and cooling system at the upper part, only the mold is divided into two mold sections, the lower mold section is used for forming the sample by heating and pressing, the upper mold section is used for cooling the hot sample by excellent heat conduction and wind blowing of red copper, and after the sample is discharged from a mold orifice and a mold orifice pressing plate is pushed away, the mold can be held by a bare hand. The die orifice at the top is also only provided with a flat die orifice pressing plate, the left end is made into a rotary joint, the right end is made into a loose joint, die orifice opening, feeding, sample discharging and die orifice closing and sample pressing are automatically completed, and manual labor is not needed. Although the machine is simple, the function is powerful, and a plurality of samples can be extruded at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The intelligent metallographic mounting machine of the novel structure belongs to the field of metallographic sample preparation equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, the structures of metallographic mounting machines of various manufacturers of metallographic sample preparation equipment at home and abroad are not much different, and can be roughly divided into a lower part, an upper top, and an operating screen for instruments and water and electricity.

[0003] The lower part is the lifting transmission system, which is different from manufacturer to manufacturer. Some use electric motors, gears, screw systems, some use hydraulics, and some use pneumatics. These methods are relatively complicated, have many parts, are troublesome to operate, and are time-consuming. They are not ideal solutions.

[0004] The upper part is where the metallographic sample is formed. It consists of molds, heaters, temperature controllers, pressurization, and pressure relief, etc. It is the main part of the machine. The metallographic sample is formed by heat, and the temperature is relatively high. It will be hot after the sample is taken out, so in recent years, a water cooling device has been added to the formed sample to cool the sample to a low temperature that can be held by hand. This makes the structure complicated, the mold is sometimes hot and sometimes cold, and the pressing time is increased, which is easy to cause equipment problems. Once there is a water leak, nothing can be done, the site is humid, and production has to be stopped.

[0005] The top is the part where the top plate of the machine is connected to the die mouth of the mold. The die mouth can be opened or closed according to the needs of the inlay process. At present, the top structures of various manufacturers are basically the same. Most of them add a pressure cap with a handle at the die mouth, and the upper punch of the mold is fixed at the center of the pressure cap. When adding materials for inlaying, hold the pressure cap and turn it to one side to open the die mouth. After the inlay material is added, turn the pressure cap back by hand, press the upper punch into the mold cavity at the die mouth, close the die mouth and clamp the cover. Then start the lower transmission and heating device to heat and press the sample embryo to consolidate and form. After the sample is formed, water is passed through to cool it, and then the lower transmission is started to relieve pressure, and the pressure cap is released by hand, turned aside, and the die mouth is opened. Finally, the transmission device is started to eject the sample, and the inlay is completed. This top structure is relatively complicated and can only be operated manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and difficult to automate. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings and errors of the existing metallographic mounting machine and establish a metallographic mounting machine of a new structure. The utility model is characterized in that the overall structure of the existing metallographic mounting machine, i.e. the lower part, the upper part and the top part, is innovatively improved. The structure is simplified, the production is optimized, and an automated intelligent metallographic mounting machine is established.

[0007] 1. The characteristics of the lower part of the metallographic inlay machine are: the function of the entire transmission system of the lower part, rising and falling

[0008] Electric push rods are used for lowering, pressurizing and unloading. The push rod is a component that can be purchased and installed directly. Its top can be connected with the lower punch of the mold to drive the lower punch to rise and fall, and its bottom is directly installed on the base, which is extremely simple and convenient.

[0009] 2. The upper part of the metallographic inlay machine is characterized by: the inlay mold is divided into two mold sections. The lower mold section is where the sample is heated and pressed, and is composed of a steel die, a lower punch, an upper punch heater, and a thermocouple. The upper section is where the formed sample dissipates heat. It is made of copper with excellent thermal conductivity, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than that of the die. There are small heat dissipation holes drilled around the circumference, and a hair dryer is installed at a suitable distance from the small holes. When the formed hot sample is pushed up to the die mouth by the push rod, the heat is taken away by the wind and copper until the die mouth is pushed away by the rotating pressure plate, and the inlaid sample can be held with bare hands. This type of heat dissipation is easier to use and safer than water cooling.

[0010] 3. The structural features of the top of the inlay machine are: at the die mouth where the top plate of the inlay machine is combined with the mold, a flat die mouth pressure plate is used to close the die mouth and press the upper convex mold. The left end of the die mouth pressure plate is screwed to the machine top plate, and the right end is flexibly connected to the machine top plate. The rotation knot at the left end of the die mouth pressure plate is to open a through hole at the appropriate distance from the die mouth where the die mouth pressure plate and the top plate overlap, and use a ball-headed round rod to interference fit with the die mouth pressure plate and insert it into the hole of the machine top plate with ball bearings installed. In this way, the die mouth pressure plate can rotate with the ball-headed round rod on the ball bearing of the machine top plate to form a rotation knot; an arc-shaped notch is opened at the same distance from the right and left ends of the pressure plate, which is inserted into the bolt hole fixed on the machine top plate, and can be inserted and removed at will to form a flexural joint. The rotation of the die mouth pressure plate is assisted by a reduction motor installed under the ball-headed round rod. The motor shaft is perpendicular to the ball-end round rod, and a round sleeve is used to connect the two. When the motor rotates clockwise, it drives the ball-end round rod and the pressure plate to rotate clockwise to close the die opening; conversely, the motor rotates counterclockwise to open the die opening. Metallographic inlay machine (the applicant has applied for a patent for this top structure in March 20, and the patent was granted on January 8, 21).

[0011] 4. This simple structure of metallographic inlay machine has great functions, and its characteristics are: one machine can inlay 1-4 samples at the same time, and the efficiency is greatly improved. Taking the simultaneous inlay of 4 samples as an example, 4 sets of electric push rods, 4 sets of hot and cold molds and die openings are installed in the machine at the same time. On the top plate of the machine, at the center of the 4 die openings, a ball head main rod with ball bearings fixed to the integral pressure plate is designed and installed. Driven by the motor, the main rod can control the closing and opening of the 4 die openings at the same time, and inlay 4 samples at a time at the same time, which improves the inlay efficiency by 4 times (please refer to the attached figure, BB top view).

[0012] The intelligent metallographic mounting machine of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. The structure is simple. The transmission system at the bottom only uses an electric push rod, and the die cover at the top only uses a flat die pressure plate. Both are extremely simple.

[0014] 2. Easy to make. The electric push rod at the bottom is bought from the market and installed on a fixed base, and it can be erected vertically. The die plate at the top only needs to be opened and spun and slidably connected at the left and right ends, so there is no need for a complicated large cover. Then use a reduction motor to automatically open or close the die.

[0015] 3. After the upper sample is heated and pressed into shape, its cooling only requires lengthening the mold's air blowing and heat dissipation section, which is safer and more convenient than a complex water cooling structure.

[0016] 4. The machine has a simple new structure, powerful functions and improved efficiency. Not only is the inlay time of each sample short and efficient, but it can also inlay multiple samples at the same time, which doubles the efficiency.

[0017] 5. In the inlay process of this machine, only the material adding is done manually, and the rest is done automatically, which is incomparable to any other inlay machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent metallographic mounting machine of the utility model structure:

[0019] Figure 1 Main section view of intelligent metallographic mounting machine

[0020] Figure 2 Top view of the intelligent metallographic mounting machine DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] 1. Implementation of technical structure

[0022] The purpose of the utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings of the existing metallographic mounting machine and establish a metallographic mounting machine of a new structure. Its characteristics are that the overall structure of the metallographic mounting machine, that is, the lower part, the upper part and the top part are innovatively improved, the structure is simplified, the production is optimized, and an automated intelligent metallographic mounting machine is established.

[0023] The lower part of the metallographic inlay machine is characterized in that the entire transmission system of the lower part is raised, lowered, pressurized and depressurized by an electric push rod (1). The push rod is a component that can be purchased and installed directly. Its top end can be connected with the lower punch (3) of the concave mold (2) to drive the lower punch to rise, fall and stop, all automatically, which is extremely simple and convenient.

[0024] The upper part of the metallographic inlay machine is characterized in that the mold is divided into two sections. The lower section is where the sample is heated and pressed to form. It is composed of a steel die (2), a lower punch (3), an upper punch (4), a heating temperature controller (5), and a thermocouple (-1). The upper section is where the formed sample dissipates heat. It is made of copper (6) with excellent thermal conductivity. The inner diameter is slightly larger than that of the die. There are heat dissipation holes (7) drilled around the circumference. A hair dryer (8) is installed at a suitable distance from the holes. When the formed hot sample is pushed up to the die opening (9) by the push rod, the heat is taken away by the wind and copper, and is pushed away from the die opening by the rotating punch cover plate, so that it can be held by bare hands. This type of heat dissipation is both easier to use and safer than water cooling.

[0025] The structural feature of the top plate of the inlaying machine is that: at the die opening (9) where the top plate (10) of the inlaying machine is combined with the mold, a flat die opening pressure plate (11) is used to close the die opening and press the upper convex mold. The left end of the die opening pressure plate is screwed to the machine top plate, and the right end of the die opening pressure plate is flexibly connected to the machine top plate. The rotation knot at the left end of the die opening pressure plate is formed by opening a through hole at the overlap of the die opening pressure plate and the machine top plate at a suitable distance from the die opening, and using a ball head round rod (12) to interference fit with the die opening pressure plate (11) and insert it into the hole of the machine top plate with the ball bearing (13) installed. In this way, the die opening pressure plate can rotate with the ball head round rod on the ball bearing in the machine top plate to form a rotation knot; an arc-shaped notch is opened at the same distance between the right end and the left end of the die opening pressure plate, which is inserted into the hole of the bolt (14) fixed on the machine top plate, and can be inserted and removed at any time to form a flexural joint. The rotation of the die opening pressure plate is assisted by a reduction motor (15) installed under the ball head round rod. The motor shaft is perpendicular to the ball head round rod and the two are connected by a round sleeve (16). When the motor rotates clockwise, the ball head round rod and the pressure plate rotate clockwise to close the die opening; otherwise, the motor rotates counterclockwise to open the die opening. This simple structure of the metallographic inlay machine has great functions. Its characteristics are: one machine can inlay multiple samples at the same time, which greatly improves the efficiency. Now take the simultaneous inlay of 4 samples as an example. 4 sets of electric push rods, 4 sets of hot and cold molds and die openings are installed in the machine at the same time. At the center of the 4 die openings (9) on the top plate (10) of the machine, a ball head main rod (18) fixed to the integral pressure plate with a ball bearing is designed and installed. Driven by the motor, the main rod can control the closing and opening of the 4 die openings at the same time. At the same time, 4 samples can be inlaid at one time, which improves the inlay efficiency by 4 times (please refer to the attached figure, BB top view).

[0026] Implementation of the mosaic process

[0027] The process of embedding a metallographic sample is now described: when embedding the sample, the die plate stays behind the machine top plate, the die is open, the upper punch 4 stops beside the machine top plate outside the die, the lower punch (3) rises to the die, and the mold temperature is controlled within the embedding temperature. The process flow is as follows:

[0028] Place the metallographic sample core on the center of the lower punch (3) surface by hand - start the lower electric push rod to descend, drive the lower punch (3) to descend to the bottom of the mold, then put in the feeding tube to add the phenolic resin for embedding, then take out the feeding tube, put in the upper punch (4), start the reduction motor (15), drive the pressing plate to rotate clockwise (11), close the die opening (9), start the electric push rod, push the lower punch (3) up, and heat and press the embedding sample (0) to form. After forming, start the reduction motor to reverse, drive the pressing plate to reverse and open the die opening, then start the electric push rod to rise, the lower punch pushes the hot-formed sample (0) and the upper punch (4) upward, and when entering the upper die section, the hair dryer (8) blows away the heat and the copper (6) conducts heat to reduce the sample temperature until it reaches the die opening, start the reduction motor, and the die opening pressing plate that rotates clockwise pushes it away from the die opening. At this time, the lower punch is flush with the die opening, and the next sample is embedded. This is the process cycle of embedding a metallographic sample. Except for the feeding process which is manually operated, all subsequent processes can be completed automatically.

Claims

1. A new type of intelligent metallographic mounting machine, characterized by: The inlay machine mold is divided into two mold sections. The lower mold section is the place where the sample is heated and pressed to form. It consists of a concave mold (2), a lower punch (3), an upper punch (4), a heater (5) and a thermocouple. The upper mold section is the place where the formed sample dissipates heat. It is made of copper (6). The inner diameter is slightly larger than that of the concave mold. There are small heat dissipation holes (7) drilled on the circumference. A hair dryer (8) is installed at a suitable distance from the small holes. When the formed hot sample is pushed up to the die mouth (9) by the electric push rod, the heat is taken away by the wind and the copper, and is pushed away from the die mouth by the rotating die mouth pressure plate. It can be held by bare hands. At the die mouth (9) where the inlay machine top plate (10) and the mold are combined, a flat die mouth pressure plate (11) is used to close the die mouth and press the upper punch. The left end of the die mouth pressure plate is screwed to the machine top plate, and the right end of the machine top is movably connected to the machine top plate. The left end of the die plate is connected to the die, and a through hole is opened at the appropriate distance between the two. The ball head round rod (12) is interference fit with the pressure plate and inserted into the hole of the top plate of the machine with the ball bearing (13). In this way, the die plate can rotate with the ball head round rod in the top plate of the machine to form a swivel; at the right and left ends of the die plate, an arc-shaped notch is opened, which is inserted into the gap of the bolt (14) fixed on the top plate, and can be inserted and removed at any time to form a live joint. The rotation of the die plate is by means of a reduction motor (15) installed under the ball head round rod. The reduction motor shaft is perpendicular to the ball head round rod. A round sleeve (16) is used to combine the two. When the motor rotates forward, the ball head round rod and the pressure plate rotate forward to close the die; on the contrary, the motor is reversed to open the die.

2. According to claim 1, a novel structure intelligent metallographic mounting machine is characterized by: One machine can inlay 1 to 4 samples at the same time. 4 sets of electric push rods, 4 sets of hot and cold molds and die openings are installed in the machine at the same time. A ball head master rod (18) with a ball bearing fixedly connected to an integral die opening pressure plate (17) is designed and installed at the top plate of the top of the machine and at the center of the four die openings (9). The master rod is driven by a reduction motor, and its integral die opening pressure plate can control the closing and opening of the four die openings at the same time. At the same time, 4 samples can be inlaid at one time, thereby improving the inlay efficiency by 4 times.

Images