Modular ion detection device for ion trap and quantum computing equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a modularized ion detection device for an ion trap and quantum computing equipment, and the device comprises a rigid cavity, and an objective lens, a first plano-convex lens, a diaphragm, a combined lens, a second plano-convex lens and a multi-channel photomultiplier which are arranged in the rigid cavity, the objective lens collects fluorescence emitted by a plurality of ions linearly arranged in an ion trap arranged outside the rigid cavity through an opening or a window at one end of the rigid cavity; collected fluorescence of a plurality of ions sequentially passes through the first plano-convex lens, the diaphragm, the combined lens and the second plano-convex lens in a free space and is respectively projected into a plurality of linearly arranged channels in the multi-channel photomultiplier for detection. According to the utility model, quantum bit information can be accurately and efficiently read from fluorescence emitted by a plurality of ions which are trapped in the ion trap and are linearly arranged in the ion trap in the quantum computing equipment based on the ion trap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of quantum computers, in particular to a modular ion detection device for an ion trap and a quantum computing device comprising the modular ion detection device. Background Art

[0002] Ion traps are widely used in quantum computing, quantum precision measurement, ion clocks, etc. The basic principle is to use multiple electrodes to construct a confinement space, apply radio frequency voltage to the electrodes, generate a confinement potential field in the confinement space, and trap charged ions in it. Then, the ions are irradiated with lasers of a certain wavelength to make them transition between different energy levels to achieve cooling, state initialization, construction of quantum logic gates, etc., and collect photons spontaneously emitted by ions for state detection or long-distance entanglement.

[0003] However, in the ion traps currently used in quantum computing devices, multiple ions are usually deployed. Therefore, how to accurately and efficiently read out quantum bits from the fluorescence emitted by multiple ions trapped in the ion trap will help the performance of quantum computing devices. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a modular ion detection device for an ion trap and a quantum computing device comprising the modular ion detection device.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a modular ion detection device for an ion trap is provided, the device comprising: a closed rigid cavity and an objective lens, a first plano-convex lens, an aperture, a combined lens, a second plano-convex lens and a multi-channel photomultiplier tube coaxially arranged inside the rigid cavity, wherein the objective lens collects fluorescence emitted by a plurality of ions linearly arranged in an ion trap arranged outside the rigid cavity via an opening or a window at one end of the rigid cavity, and the fluorescence of the plurality of ions collected is projected in free space in turn via the first plano-convex lens, the aperture, the combined lens and the second plano-convex lens into a plurality of linearly arranged channels in the multi-channel photomultiplier tube for detection.

[0006] Preferably, a spectrometer and a camera are also provided inside the rigid cavity. The spectrometer is arranged between the combined lens and the second plano-convex lens, and is used to reflect a part of the fluorescence of the multiple ions passing through the combined lens to the camera, and at the same time output another part of the fluorescence of the multiple ions passing through the combined lens to the second plano-convex lens.

[0007] Preferably, a flip mirror frame is also provided inside the rigid cavity, and the flip mirror frame is fixedly connected to the spectroscope. When the camera captures the fluorescence images of multiple ions, the spectroscope is flipped to a predetermined angle by the flip mirror frame, so that the fluorescence of the multiple ions transmitted through the combined lens is output to the second plano-convex lens at a ratio of at least 92%.

[0008] Preferably, a signal amplification module is further provided inside the rigid cavity, for amplifying the voltage signal output by the multi-channel photomultiplier tube in response to the fluorescence of multiple ions.

[0009] Preferably, a signal shaping module is further provided inside the rigid cavity, for shaping the voltage signal output by the multi-channel photomultiplier tube in response to the fluorescence of multiple ions.

[0010] Preferably, adjacent channels among the plurality of channels are spaced apart by at least one channel.

[0011] Preferably, the combined lens comprises two plano-convex lenses with convex surfaces arranged opposite to each other.

[0012] Preferably, the aperture is one of a graduated ring adjustment aperture, a lever-type SM threaded aperture and a standard lever-type aperture.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of ions include at least one of the following ions: ytterbium ions, calcium ions and barium ions.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a quantum computing device is provided, wherein the quantum computing device comprises the modular ion detection device for an ion trap as described above.

[0015] The modular ion detection device and quantum computing device for ion traps provided by the utility model can not only accurately and efficiently read quantum bit information from the fluorescence emitted by multiple ions linearly arranged and trapped in the ion trap in the quantum computing device based on the ion trap, but also can further reduce the complex optical path design and construction for multiple ion fluorescence detection in the quantum computing device, thereby improving the modularity and integration of the ion detection device in the quantum computing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above-mentioned objects and features of the present invention will become more clear through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the modular ion detection device for the ion trap of the utility model is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the modular ion detection device for an ion trap of the utility model is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The modular ion detection device for ion trap of the utility model may at least include a closed rigid cavity 100 and an objective lens 101, a first plano-convex lens 102, an aperture 103, a combined lens 104, a second plano-convex lens 105 and a multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 coaxially arranged inside the rigid cavity 100, wherein the objective lens 101 collects fluorescence emitted by a plurality of ions Ions linearly arranged in an ion trap (not shown) arranged outside the rigid cavity 100 through an opening or a window at one end of the rigid cavity 100, and the fluorescence (also called photons) of the collected plurality of ion Ions are projected into a plurality of linearly arranged channels in the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 in free space in turn through the first plano-convex lens 102, the aperture 103, the combined lens 104 and the second plano-convex lens 105 for detection.

[0021] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the device shown, the objective lens 101 can gather the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions collected and output it to the first plano-convex lens 102; the first plano-convex lens 102 can focus the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions collected by the objective lens to the aperture 103; the aperture 103 can perform spatial filtering on the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions focused to the aperture; the combined lens 104 can gather the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions passing through the aperture again and output it to the second plano-convex lens 105; the second plano-convex lens 105 can project the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions passing through the combined lens to the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106, wherein, The objective lens 101, the first plano-convex lens 102, the combined lens 104 and the second plano-convex lens 105 can amplify the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions, and can make the spacing between the fluorescence spots of two adjacent ions in the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions projected onto the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 consistent with the spacing between two adjacent channels in the multiple channels linearly arranged in the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106, and can also make the spot size of the fluorescence of each ion in the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions projected onto the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 consistent with the channel photosensitivity range of the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106.

[0022] The magnification ratio can be determined by the spacing between the light spots of the fluorescence of two adjacent ions in the fluorescence of the multiple ion Ions projected onto the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 and the spacing between two adjacent channels in the multiple channels linearly arranged in the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106. In one example, the magnification ratio may be greater than or equal to P, P=2W / D, where W represents the spacing between two adjacent channels in the multiple channels projected by the fluorescence of the multiple ion Ions trapped in the ion trap, and D represents the spacing between two adjacent ions in the multiple ion Ions trapped in the ion trap. Further, the focal lengths of the objective lens, the first plano-convex lens, the combined lens, and the second plano-convex lens, and the distances between the objective lens, the first plano-convex lens, the aperture, the combined lens, and the second plano-convex lens can be determined by the magnification ratio, for example, but not limited to, determined based on the magnification ratio using Zmax software.

[0023] Since the fluorescence of ions incident on the channel only generates a voltage signal of about 10 mV, this weak voltage signal is difficult to measure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the device shown, a signal amplification module (not shown) may be provided inside the rigid cavity 100, and the signal amplification module may be used to amplify the voltage signal output by the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 in response to the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions. Further, a signal shaping module (not shown) may be provided inside the rigid cavity 100, and the signal shaping module may be used to shape the voltage signal output by the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 in response to the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions.

[0024] In addition, in order to facilitate signal interaction between the multi-channel photomultiplier tubes, signal amplification modules and signal shaping modules and external modules, one or more openings can be set on the side wall of the rigid cavity for passing external cables of the multi-channel photomultiplier tubes, signal amplification modules and signal shaping modules.

[0025] In addition, in order to reduce signal crosstalk between channels, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the device shown, adjacent channels that can be projected into the linearly arranged channels in the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 are separated by at least one channel. In one example, the fluorescence of multiple ions Ions can be projected into the linearly arranged odd channels or even channels in the multi-channel photomultiplier tube.

[0026] In addition, in order to reduce the aberration caused by coaxial deviation, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the device shown, the combined lens 104 may include two plano-convex lenses with convex surfaces facing each other. Such two plano-convex lenses with convex surfaces facing each other can improve the fidelity of quantum state detection to a certain extent and reduce the negative impact of aberration on detection.

[0027] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the device shown, the aperture 104 can be selected from, for example, but not limited to, a graduated ring adjustable aperture capable of spatially filtering light, a lever-type SM threaded aperture, and a standard lever-type aperture. The ions trapped in the ion trap can be selected from, for example, but not limited to, one of ytterbium ions, calcium ions, and barium ions capable of transitioning between different energy levels.

[0028] use Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device shown can not only accurately and efficiently read out quantum bit information from the fluorescence emitted by multiple ions linearly arranged in an ion trap in an ion trap-based quantum computing device, but can also further reduce the complex optical path design and construction for multiple ion fluorescence detection in the quantum computing device, thereby improving the modularity and integration of the ion detection device in the quantum computing device.

[0029] In addition, Figure 2 In the device shown, a spectrometer 107 and a camera 108 may also be provided inside the rigid cavity 100. The spectrometer 107 may be provided between the combined lens 104 and the second plano-convex lens 105 to reflect a portion of the fluorescence of the multiple ion Ions transmitted through the combined lens 104 to the camera 108, and output another portion of the fluorescence of the multiple ion Ions transmitted through the combined lens 104 to the second plano-convex lens 105.

[0030] Since the camera 108 can image the received fluorescence, the camera 108 can be used to capture and monitor the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions. In one example, a flip frame (not shown) can also be provided inside the rigid cavity 100, and the flip frame is fixedly connected to the spectroscope 107. When the camera captures the fluorescence image of multiple ion Ions, the spectroscope 107 is flipped to a predetermined angle by the flip frame, so that the fluorescence of multiple ion Ions transmitted through the combined lens is output to the second plano-convex lens 105 at a ratio of at least 92%, so as to ensure that most of the fluorescence is transmitted to the multi-channel photomultiplier tube 106 for detection.

[0031] It can be seen that the utility model can be used for fluorescence reading of multiple quantum bits and subsequent signal processing. In addition, the modular design of the utility model can improve the overall stability and integration of quantum computing devices. Therefore, the utility model can be applied to quantum computing devices based on ion traps to detect the quantum state of fluorescence emitted by multiple ions trapped in ion traps, so as to realize the reading, storage, operation and control of quantum bits in quantum computing devices.

[0032] While the present application has been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular ion detection device for an ion trap, characterized in that: include: A closed rigid cavity and an objective lens, a first plano-convex lens, an aperture, a combined lens, a second plano-convex lens and a multi-channel photomultiplier tube coaxially arranged inside the rigid cavity. The objective lens collects the fluorescence emitted by a plurality of ions linearly arranged in an ion trap arranged outside the rigid cavity through an opening or a window at one end of the rigid cavity, and the fluorescence of the plurality of ions collected is projected in free space in turn through a first plano-convex lens, an aperture, a combined lens and a second plano-convex lens into a plurality of channels linearly arranged in a multi-channel photomultiplier tube for detection.

2. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spectrometer and a camera are also provided inside the rigid cavity. The spectrometer is provided between the combined lens and the second plano-convex lens, and is used to reflect a part of the fluorescence of the multiple ions that have passed through the combined lens to the camera, and output another part of the fluorescence of the multiple ions that have passed through the combined lens to the second plano-convex lens.

3. The modular ion detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flip mirror frame is also provided inside the rigid cavity, and the flip mirror frame is fixedly connected to the spectroscope. When the camera captures the fluorescence images of multiple ions, the spectroscope is flipped to a predetermined angle by the flip mirror frame, so that the fluorescence of the multiple ions transmitted through the combined lens is output to the second plano-convex lens at a ratio of at least 92%.

4. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A signal amplification module is also provided inside the rigid cavity, for amplifying the voltage signal output by the multi-channel photomultiplier tube in response to the fluorescence of multiple ions.

5. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A signal shaping module is also provided inside the rigid cavity, which is used to shape the voltage signal output by the multi-channel photomultiplier tube in response to the fluorescence of multiple ions.

6. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent channels among the plurality of channels are spaced apart by at least one channel.

7. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined lens comprises two plano-convex lenses with convex surfaces arranged opposite to each other.

8. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture is one of a graduated ring adjustment aperture, a lever-type SM threaded aperture and a standard lever-type aperture.

9. The modular ion detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of ions include at least one of the following ions: ytterbium ions, calcium ions, and barium ions.

10. A quantum computing device based on an ion trap, characterized in that: include: A modular ion detection device for an ion trap as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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