Low-temperature rectification device for separating isotopes

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-temperature rectification device for separating isotopes, which relates to the technical field of isotope rectification and comprises a reboiling tank, a steam pipe and an adding pipe are fixedly communicated on the reboiling tank, a transfer box is fixedly communicated on the steam pipe, a collecting pipe and a straight pipe are fixedly communicated on the transfer box, and the collecting pipe is communicated with the straight pipe. The straight pipe is fixedly communicated with a spiral pipe, the reboiling tank is provided with a supporting assembly used for supporting the transfer box, and a condensation box is arranged above the transfer box. The condensation device is reasonable in design structure, steam passes through a delay path of the spiral pipe before entering a condensation stage by introducing the structural design of the transfer box, the spiral pipe and the condensation box, the contact time and the surface area of the steam and the condensation environment are increased, and therefore the condensation efficiency is improved; the isotope liquid in the steam can effectively flow back, so that the loss of the uncondensed steam is reduced, and the separation purity of the isotope is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of isotope distillation, in particular to a low-temperature distillation device for separating isotopes. Background Art

[0002] There are many methods for separating isotopes, such as chemical exchange, thermal diffusion, gas diffusion, laser, electrolysis, adsorption, distillation, etc. At present, the industrial production of isotopes such as C, H, O, and N mainly uses chemical exchange and distillation technologies. Distillation is a separation process that separates components in a mixture by utilizing the different volatilities of the components. The cryogenic distillation process has the unique advantages of large processing capacity, high separation factor, and continuous operation.

[0003] A Chinese patent with the announcement number CN212881881U discloses a hydrogen isotope cryogenic distillation separation device, which uses a refrigerator to provide cooling capacity for the entire system, ensuring that the cooling capacity of the distillation process is sufficient, reliable, stable and efficient, and uses a cryogenic distillation method to separate hydrogen and its isotopes. The cold head of the refrigerator is in a vacuum environment. Through a vacuum cold box plus a liquid nitrogen cold screen multi-layer insulation structure, the radiation heat load of the distillation tower in the normal temperature environment is reduced, and the cooling capacity damage during the cryogenic distillation process is reduced, so that the cooling capacity of the refrigerator can be efficiently used for the distillation separation of two-component hydrogen isotopes, and the separation of protium-deuterium components or deuterium-tritium components is achieved.

[0004] The device uses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to buffer the steam medium. The heat exchange and mass transfer time between the coolant and the steam medium in the condenser tube is short. During the condensation process, the heat cannot be fully transferred from the steam medium to the coolant, resulting in poor condensation effect. To this end, we provide a cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] 1) Technical issues solved

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes.

[0007] 2) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a low-temperature distillation device for separating isotopes, comprising a reboiling tank, the reboiling tank is fixedly connected with a steam pipe and an addition pipe, the steam pipe is fixedly connected with a transfer box, the transfer box is fixedly connected with a collecting pipe and a straight pipe, the straight pipe is fixedly connected with a spiral pipe, the reboiling tank is provided with a support assembly for supporting the transfer box, a condensing tank is provided above the transfer box, a cavity is provided in the condensing tank, the spiral pipe is located in the cavity, and one end of the spiral pipe away from the straight pipe is located outside the condensing tank, the condensing tank is provided with a refrigeration assembly for circulating a coolant in the cavity, the condensing tank is also provided with a blowing assembly for blowing air to the top of the transfer box, and the reboiling tank is provided with a reflux assembly for refluxing the steam in the spiral pipe to the reboiling tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a reinforcement plate fixedly connected to the reboiler and a support plate fixedly connected to the transfer box, support legs are fixedly connected to the support plate, and the bottom ends of the support legs are fixedly connected to the reinforcement plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the refrigeration assembly includes a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe installed on the reboiler, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both connected to the cavity, and the cavity is provided with cooling liquid.

[0011] Furthermore, the blowing assembly includes a through hole opened on the condensation box, a fan is installed in the through hole, a heat conductive block is arranged in the through hole, and one end of the heat conductive block is located in the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, a support column is fixedly connected to the transfer box, and the top end of the support column is fixedly connected to the condensation box.

[0013] Furthermore, the reflux assembly includes an air pump installed on the reboiler, the input end of the air pump is fixedly connected to a first reflux pipe, and the first reflux pipe is connected to the spiral tube, the output end of the air pump is fixedly connected to a second reflux pipe, and the second reflux pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the reboiler.

[0014] Furthermore, the reflux assembly also includes a liquid return pipe, one end of which is fixedly connected to the collecting pipe, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the reboiler, and a water pump is installed on the liquid return pipe.

[0015] 3) Beneficial effects:

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The utility model introduces the structural design of the transfer box, spiral tube and condenser box, so that the steam passes through the delayed path of the spiral tube before entering the condensation stage, which increases the contact time and surface area between the steam and the condensation environment, thereby improving the condensation efficiency. The design of the spiral tube not only optimizes the heat transfer process, but also allows the isotope liquid in the steam to effectively reflux, reduces the loss of uncondensed steam, and improves the separation purity of the isotopes.

[0018] 2. The utility model uses the cooling liquid to cool the steam in the spiral tube directly through the refrigeration component arranged on the condenser, thereby realizing efficient low-temperature distillation conditions. At the same time, the gas entering the transfer box is pre-cooled through the coordinated use of the blowing component and the heat conduction block, which not only reduces the loss of cold capacity, but also effectively controls the temperature environment of the transfer box and subsequent processes, avoids unnecessary heat exchange losses, maintains the low temperature state required for the distillation process, and improves the thermal efficiency and separation accuracy of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the condensation box of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the installation of the spiral tube on the straight tube.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Reboiler; 2. Steam pipe; 3. Transfer box; 4. Collecting pipe; 5. Straight pipe; 6. Condensation box; 7. Spiral pipe; 8. Through hole; 9. Fan; 10. Cavity; 11. Liquid inlet pipe; 12. Liquid outlet pipe; 13. First reflux pipe; 14. Air pump; 15. Second reflux pipe; 16. Adding pipe; 17. Reinforcement plate; 18. Support plate; 19. Support column; 20. Support leg; 21. Heat transfer block; 22. Liquid return pipe; 23. Water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] like Figure 1-3As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: a low-temperature distillation device for separating isotopes, including a reboiler 1, a steam pipe 2 and an addition pipe 16 are fixedly connected to the reboiler 1, a distillation medium is fed into the reboiler 1 through the addition pipe 16, and the medium is boiled and steam is generated by a heater in the reboiler 1, and the steam is discharged from the reboiler 1 through the steam pipe 2, a filler is designed in the reboiler 1, and the connection between the addition pipe 16 and the reboiler 1 is located above the filler, and the liquid material is mixed with the steam at the filler.

[0025] The steam pipe 2 is fixedly connected to a transfer box 3, the transfer box 3 is fixedly connected to a collecting pipe 4 and a straight pipe 5, the straight pipe 5 is fixedly connected to a spiral pipe 7, the spiral pipe 7 is spiral-shaped, and can allow steam to be sent into the transfer box 3 through the steam pipe 2, and then discharged from the transfer box 3 through the straight pipe 5. The reboiler 1 is provided with a support assembly for supporting the transfer box 3, the support assembly includes a reinforcement plate 17 fixedly connected to the reboiler 1, and a support plate 18 fixedly connected to the transfer box 3, a support leg 20 is fixedly connected to the support plate 18, and the bottom end of the support leg 20 is fixedly connected to the reinforcement plate 17.

[0026] A condensation box 6 is arranged above the transfer box 3, and a cavity 10 is arranged in the condensation box 6. The spiral tube 7 is located in the cavity 10, and the end of the spiral tube 7 away from the straight tube 5 is located outside the condensation box 6. A support column 19 is fixedly connected to the transfer box 3, and the top of the support column 19 is fixedly connected to the condensation box 6. The isotope liquid at the steam production area in the spiral tube 7 will flow back to the straight tube 5 through the spiral tube 7, and finally flow back to the transfer box 3.

[0027] The condensing tank 6 is provided with a refrigeration assembly for circulating the cooling liquid in the cavity 10. The refrigeration assembly includes a liquid inlet pipe 11 and a liquid outlet pipe 12 installed on the reboiler 1. The liquid inlet pipe 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 12 are both connected to the cavity 10. The cavity 10 is provided with cooling liquid, which can be delivered into the cavity 10 through the liquid inlet pipe 11. The cooling liquid can be a low-temperature medium such as liquid nitrogen. After the cooling liquid fills the cavity 10, the steam circulating in the spiral tube 7 can be low-temperature distilled.

[0028] The condensing box 6 is also provided with a blowing assembly for blowing air to the top of the transfer box 3. The blowing assembly includes a through hole 8 opened on the condensing box 6, a fan 9 is installed in the through hole 8, a heat conductive block 21 is arranged in the through hole 8, and one end of the heat conductive block 21 is located in the cavity 10. The heat conductive block 21 is made of copper and can conduct heat to the coolant in the cavity 10. After the temperature on the heat conductive block 21 is low, the fan 9 blows air into the through hole 8 after starting, and the cold air is formed after the heat conductive block 21 is cooled and blown to the transfer box 3, so that the wind entering the straight pipe 5 can be pre-cooled.

[0029] The reboiler 1 is provided with a reflux assembly for refluxing the steam in the spiral tube 7 into the reboiler 1, and the reflux assembly includes an air pump 14 installed on the reboiler 1, the input end of the air pump 14 is fixedly connected with a first reflux pipe 13, and the first reflux pipe 13 is connected to the spiral tube 7, the output end of the air pump 14 is fixedly connected with a second reflux pipe 15, and the second reflux pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the reboiler 1, and the uncondensed steam in the spiral tube 7 is refluxed into the reboiler 1 again through the air pump 14, the first reflux pipe 13 and the second reflux pipe 15.

[0030] The reflux assembly also includes a liquid return pipe 22, one end of which is fixedly connected to the collecting pipe 4, and the other end of the liquid return pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the reboiler 1. A water pump 23 is installed on the liquid return pipe 22. The connection between the liquid return pipe 22 and the reboiler 1 is located at the top of the reboiler 1. The liquid collected in the collecting pipe 4 is discharged into the reboiler 1 again through the water pump 23 and the liquid return pipe 22.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this article, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "fixed", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "installed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; "connected" can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between the two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes, comprising a reboiler (1), characterized in that: The reboiler (1) is fixedly connected to a steam pipe (2) and an addition pipe (16), the steam pipe (2) is fixedly connected to a transfer box (3), the transfer box (3) is fixedly connected to a collecting pipe (4) and a straight pipe (5), the straight pipe (5) is fixedly connected to a spiral pipe (7), the reboiler (1) is provided with a support assembly for supporting the transfer box (3), a condensation box (6) is provided above the transfer box (3), and a cavity is provided in the condensation box (6). The invention relates to a body (10), wherein the spiral tube (7) is located in the cavity (10), and one end of the spiral tube (7) away from the straight tube (5) is located outside the condenser (6), the condenser (6) is provided with a refrigeration component for circulating cooling liquid in the cavity (10), the condenser (6) is also provided with a blowing component for blowing air to the top of the transfer box (3), and the reboiler (1) is provided with a reflux component for refluxing steam in the spiral tube (7) into the reboiler (1).

2. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a reinforcing plate (17) fixedly connected to the reboiler (1), and a supporting plate (18) fixedly connected to the transfer box (3); a supporting leg (20) is fixedly connected to the supporting plate (18), and the bottom end of the supporting leg (20) is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate (17).

3. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration assembly comprises a liquid inlet pipe (11) and a liquid outlet pipe (12) installed on the reboiler (1); the liquid inlet pipe (11) and the liquid outlet pipe (12) are both connected to the cavity (10); and a cooling liquid is arranged in the cavity (10).

4. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowing assembly comprises a through hole (8) opened on the condensation box (6), a fan (9) is installed in the through hole (8), a heat conducting block (21) is arranged in the through hole (8), and one end of the heat conducting block (21) is located in the cavity (10).

5. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (19) is fixedly connected to the transfer box (3), and the top end of the support column (19) is fixedly connected to the condensation box (6).

6. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux assembly comprises an air pump (14) installed on the reboiler (1); the input end of the air pump (14) is fixedly connected to a first reflux pipe (13), and the first reflux pipe (13) is connected to the spiral pipe (7); the output end of the air pump (14) is fixedly connected to a second reflux pipe (15), and the second reflux pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the reboiler (1).

7. A cryogenic distillation device for separating isotopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux assembly further comprises a liquid return pipe (22), one end of the liquid return pipe (22) being fixedly connected to the collecting pipe (4), and the other end of the liquid return pipe (22) being fixedly connected to the reboiler (1), and a water pump (23) being installed on the liquid return pipe (22).

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