Screening equipment for dried walnuts

Abstract

The utility model discloses dried walnut screening equipment which comprises a feeding device, a conveying device, a weighing sensor, a transverse diameter measuring device, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and a grading device, the feeding device is connected with the conveying device and is used for conveying the dried walnuts; the conveying device comprises a front-section conveying belt and a rear-section conveying belt; the weighing sensor is arranged below the front-section conveying belt, and the transverse diameter measuring device is arranged between the front-section conveying belt and the rear-section conveying belt and used for measuring transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts in real time. The PLC is respectively connected with the weighing sensor, the transverse diameter measuring device and the grading device, and is used for sending a grading instruction according to the weight and transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts; the grading devices are arranged on the two sides of the rear-section conveying belt and used for sorting the dried walnuts into the corresponding collecting boxes according to the grading instruction of the PLC. According to the walnut dry fruit screening device, screening of mixed-planted walnut normal fruits, half-wizened kernel walnuts, half-shell walnuts, non-empty-shell walnuts and empty-shell walnuts is achieved, and the utilization degree of the walnut dry fruits can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dried fruit processing equipment, and more specifically to a walnut dried fruit screening device. Background Art

[0002] In my country's food industry, quality control of food raw materials is very important, especially agricultural products as the source of food safety. Controlling the quality of agricultural products is very beneficial to further controlling food quality and safety.

[0003] At present, my country has made certain progress in the design of quality control and screening equipment for walnut raw materials: Yu Daguo and others used video tools and weighing platforms to obtain the volume and weight of walnuts, and made different walnuts fall into different containers according to their specific gravity, that is, they used specific gravity equivalent parameters to detect and sort the walnuts; Jin Zuohui and others designed an online weighing system to fuse the acceleration sensor signal and the weighing sensor signal, but both have certain limitations. The single fruit weight, shriveled kernel weight and empty shell weight of different types of walnuts are quite different. If you only look at the weight, you can only screen a single type of walnut. If mixed varieties are introduced, abnormal fruits may not be screened out or normal fruits may be screened out as abnormal fruits.

[0004] Zhou Zhanxia et al. adopted a simple leakage separation and a deeper separation method using the ups and downs of the walnuts caused by the bulges during the transmission process. The advantages are better and simple operation, and the disadvantage is that the inside of the walnuts cannot be inspected.

[0005] Chen Caiyan designed and analyzed a series of algorithms such as threshold segmentation, region filling, difference processing and target extraction on the preprocessed CT sequence images of walnut kernels. Using the above algorithms, she completed the calculation and detection of the fullness of walnut fruit and realized non-destructive detection of the internal quality of walnuts. This method of using CT technology to detect the internal quality of walnuts has a low error, but there is little research on the equipment for this type of technology.

[0006] Li Chengji and others conducted quality inspection on walnuts based on computer vision technology. They established a walnut detection model, an appearance quality inspection model, and a shell and kernel sorting model through characteristics such as color, texture, and shape, and achieved good discrimination results. Zhang Shujuan and others proposed using X-ray imaging technology combined with a convolutional neural network to quickly detect the internal quality of walnuts. The accuracy of empty shell detection is extremely high, but the device structure and method are complex.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide a screening device for mixed varieties of walnuts, to control the quality of dried walnuts, and to better sort walnuts of different qualities is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of this, the utility model provides a walnut dried fruit screening device to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A walnut dried fruit screening device comprises: a feeding device, a conveying device, a weighing sensor, a transverse diameter measuring device, a PLC controller and a grading device;

[0011] The feeding device is connected to the conveying device and is used to deliver the dried walnuts to the conveying device;

[0012] A conveying device, used for conveying walnut dried fruits, comprising a front conveyor belt and a rear conveyor belt;

[0013] The weighing sensor is installed under the front conveyor belt to detect the weight of the walnuts;

[0014] The transverse diameter measuring device is arranged between the front conveyor belt and the rear conveyor belt, and is used to measure the transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts in real time;

[0015] The PLC controller is respectively connected to the weighing sensor, the transverse diameter measuring device and the grading device, and is used to send a grading instruction to the grading device according to the weight and transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts;

[0016] The grading device is arranged on both sides of the rear conveyor belt, and is used to sort the dried walnuts into corresponding collection boxes according to the grading instructions of the PLC controller.

[0017] Preferably, the transverse diameter measuring device comprises an irradiation source, a projection sensing table and a shadow processor;

[0018] The illumination source is arranged above the projection sensing table, and the shadow processor is arranged below the projection sensing table.

[0019] Preferably, the conveying device further comprises a support column;

[0020] The front conveyor belt and the rear conveyor belt are both supported by support columns, and a weighing sensor is arranged between the front conveyor belt and the support columns.

[0021] Preferably, the transverse diameter measuring device also includes a manipulator, which is used to grab the dried walnuts on the front conveyor belt to the projection sensing table. After the projection is completed, the manipulator grabs the dried walnuts from the projection sensing table to the rear conveyor belt.

[0022] Preferably, the grading device includes an in-place sensor, a pusher and a collection box;

[0023] The in-place sensor and the pusher are arranged on the side of the rear conveyor belt in sequence along the conveying direction of the walnut dried fruits, and the collecting box is arranged on the side opposite to the pusher of the rear conveyor belt. The pusher is connected to the in-place sensor and the PLC controller respectively.

[0024] Preferably, the pushers include a first pusher, a second pusher, a third pusher and a fourth pusher;

[0025] The collection boxes include normal fruit collection boxes, semi-shrunken walnut collection boxes, half-shell walnut collection boxes, non-empty shell walnut collection boxes and empty shell collection boxes;

[0026] The first pusher, the second pusher, the third pusher and the fourth pusher are respectively arranged corresponding to the semi-shrunken walnut collection box, the half-shell walnut collection box, the non-empty shell walnut collection box and the empty shell collection box;

[0027] The normal fruit collection box is located at the end of the rear conveyor belt.

[0028] Preferably, the PLC controller sends a grading instruction to the grading device according to the comparison between the ratio of the weight and the transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts and a preset threshold value;

[0029] When the ratio of fruit weight to transverse diameter is >2.9g / cm, it is a normal walnut; when the ratio is 2.7-2.9g / cm, it is a shriveled walnut; when the ratio is 2.2-2.7g / cm, it is a half-shell walnut; when the ratio is 2-2.2g / cm, it is a non-empty-shell walnut; and when the ratio is <2g / cm, it is an empty-shell walnut.

[0030] Preferably, the feeding device is Y-shaped, wide at the front and narrow at the back, and is in an inclined state, forming a certain angle with the horizontal direction. The width of the outlet of the feeding device is designed to allow only one walnut to pass through.

[0031] Preferably, the weighing sensor includes an elastic sensitive element and a resistance strain gauge.

[0032] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a walnut dried fruit screening equipment, which can realize accurate identification of full kernels of mixed walnuts through the ratio of weight to transverse diameter, and can also effectively separate incomplete kernels, thereby improving the utilization rate of walnut dried fruits, and can more accurately distinguish normal fruits, semi-shrunken kernel walnuts, half-shell walnuts, non-empty shell walnuts and empty shell walnuts, which is more conducive to improving the efficiency of walnut processing and the quality of processed products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1The accompanying drawing is a structural schematic diagram of a walnut dried fruit screening device provided by the utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a transverse diameter measuring device provided by the utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a grading device provided by the utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a feeding device provided by the utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a weighing sensor provided by the utility model;

[0039] Among them, 1-feeding device, 2-conveying device, 3-weighing sensor, 4-support column, 5-irradiation source, 6-projection sensing table, 7-shadow processor, 8-PLC controller, 9-position sensor, 10-first pusher, 11-second pusher, 12-third pusher, 13-fourth pusher, 14-empty shell collection box, 15-non-empty shell walnut collection box, 16-half shell walnut collection box, 17-semi-shrunken kernel walnut collection box, 18-normal fruit collection box, 19-elastic sensitive element, 20-resistance strain gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0041] The utility model embodiment discloses a walnut dried fruit screening device, such as Figure 1 , including: a feeding device 1, a conveying device 2, a weighing sensor 3, a transverse diameter measuring device, a PLC controller 8 and a grading device;

[0042] The feeding device 1 is connected to the conveying device 2 and is used to deliver the walnut dried fruits to the conveying device 2;

[0043] The conveying device 2 is used to convey the walnuts and dried fruits, and the conveying device 2 comprises a front conveyor belt and a rear conveyor belt;

[0044] The weighing sensor 3 is arranged below the front conveyor belt to detect the weight of the walnuts;

[0045] The transverse diameter measuring device is arranged between the front conveyor belt and the rear conveyor belt, and is used to measure the transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts in real time;

[0046] The PLC controller 8 is connected to the weighing sensor 3, the transverse diameter measuring device and the grading device respectively, and is used to send a grading instruction to the grading device according to the weight and transverse diameter data of the walnut dried fruit;

[0047] The grading device is arranged on both sides of the rear conveyor belt, and is used to sort the walnut dried fruits into corresponding collection boxes according to the grading instructions of the PLC controller 8.

[0048] In order to further implement the above technical solution, Figure 2 , the transverse diameter measuring device includes an irradiation source 5, a projection sensing table 6 and a shadow processor 7;

[0049] The illumination source 5 is disposed above the projection sensing platform 6 , and the shadow processor 7 is disposed below the projection sensing platform 6 .

[0050] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the conveying device also includes a support column 4;

[0051] The front conveyor belt and the rear conveyor belt are both supported by support columns 4 , and the weighing sensor 3 is arranged between the front conveyor belt and the support columns 4 .

[0052] In this embodiment, the conveying device 2 uses a belt assembly line as a carrier, which is mainly composed of a belt power device motor, a transmission device synchronous wheel, a synchronous belt, and a power transmission device belt, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, etc. Baffles are provided on both sides to prevent walnuts from falling; a support column is provided at the bottom of the belt assembly line carrier, and a load-bearing sensor is provided between the carrier and the support column.

[0053] In this embodiment, the PLC controller 8 receives and stores the key parameter setting values ​​entered from the programmer before screening, and continuously receives weight and transverse diameter numerical signals during the screening process, compares them with the set values, and transmits the signal to the grading device after the comparison is completed.

[0054] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the transverse diameter measuring device also includes a robot (not shown), which is used to grab the dried walnuts on the front conveyor belt to the projection sensing table 6. After the projection is completed, the robot grabs the dried walnuts from the projection sensing table 6 to the rear conveyor belt.

[0055] In practical applications, the projection sensing platform 6 is lower than 1 / 3 of the height of the walnut conveyor belt. When the walnut is conveyed 2-3 cm away from the junction of the sensing platform 6 and the front conveyor belt, the robot performs a grabbing action.

[0056] In order to further implement the above technical solution, Figure 3 , the grading device includes an in-place sensor 9, a pusher and a collection box;

[0057] The in-place sensor and the pusher are arranged on the side of the rear conveyor belt in sequence along the conveying direction of the walnuts and dried fruits, and the collection box is arranged on the side opposite to the pusher of the rear conveyor belt. The pusher is connected to the in-place sensor 9 and the PLC controller 8 respectively.

[0058] In this embodiment, the in-place sensor 9 is used to detect the walnut in-place signal and feed it back to the pusher; the pusher is used to push different types of walnuts into corresponding collection boxes according to the grading instructions of the PLC controller 8 and the walnut in-place signal.

[0059] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the push handle includes a first push handle 10, a second push handle 11, a third push handle 12 and a fourth push handle 13, and the push handle heads are made of a smooth and soft material to avoid damaging the walnut;

[0060] The collection boxes include a normal fruit collection box 18, a semi-shrunken walnut collection box 17, a half-shell walnut collection box 16, a non-empty shell walnut collection box 15 and an empty shell collection box 14;

[0061] The first pusher 10, the second pusher 11, the third pusher 12, and the fourth pusher 13 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the empty shell collection box 14, the non-empty shell walnut collection box 15, the half-shell walnut collection box 16, and the semi-shrunken kernel walnut collection box 17;

[0062] The normal fruit collection box 18 is arranged at the end of the rear conveyor belt.

[0063] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the PLC controller sends a grading instruction to the grading device based on the comparison of the ratio of the weight and transverse diameter data of the dried walnut fruit with a preset threshold value;

[0064] When the ratio of fruit weight to transverse diameter is >2.9g / cm, it is a normal walnut; when the ratio is 2.7-2.9g / cm, it is a shriveled walnut; when the ratio is 2.2-2.7g / cm, it is a half-shell walnut; when the ratio is 2-2.2g / cm, it is a non-empty-shell walnut; and when the ratio is <2g / cm, it is an empty-shell walnut.

[0065] In this embodiment, the PLC controller 8 compares the calculated fruit weight and transverse diameter ratio with the set value. If the ratio is lower than 2, a control signal is output to the first pusher 10. After the walnuts are in place, the in-place sensor 9 feeds back the signal to the execution device, and then the cylinder is pushed out, and the first pusher 10 pushes the walnuts to the empty shell collection box 14; the principles for other situations are the same as above. If the ratio is 2-2.2, a control signal is output to the second pusher 11, which controls the walnuts to be pushed to the non-empty shell walnut collection box 15. If the ratio is 2.2-2.7, the third pusher 12 is controlled to push the walnuts to the half-shell walnut collection box 16. If the ratio is 2.7-2.9, the fourth pusher 13 is controlled to push the walnuts to the semi-shriveled kernel walnut collection box 17. If the ratio is greater than 2.9, the four pushers do not react, and the walnuts follow the conveyor belt to the normal fruit collection box 18 at the end.

[0066] In order to further implement the above technical solution, Figure 4 The feeding device is Y-shaped, wide in front and narrow in the back. It is inclined and has a certain angle with the horizontal direction. The width of the outlet of the feeding device is designed to allow only one walnut to pass through.

[0067] In order to further implement the above technical solution, Figure 5 , the weighing sensor 3 includes an elastic sensitive element 19 and a resistance strain gauge 20;

[0068] The elastic sensitive element 19 converts the weight of the object to be measured into the strain value of the elastic body, and the resistance strain gauge 20 converts the strain value into the change of the resistance value. The elastic sensitive element 19 and the resistance strain gauge 20 form an electric bridge, which converts the weight of the object to be measured into an electrical signal and transmits it to the PLC controller 8.

[0069] In this embodiment, the weighing sensor 3 is a column-type weighing sensor.

[0070] The working principle of walnut sorting using a walnut dried fruit screening equipment is:

[0071] S1. Walnut dried fruits are transported to the front conveyor belt in sequence through the feeding device;

[0072] S2. The robot grabs the walnuts on the front conveyor belt to the projection sensing table, and irradiates them with the irradiation source. The projection sensing table obtains the irradiation area of ​​the irradiation source and the projection image of the walnuts, and obtains the horizontal diameter data of the walnuts through the shadow processor;

[0073] S3. The PLC controller sends a grading instruction based on the ratio of the weight and transverse diameter data of the walnut dried fruit and the preset grading threshold;

[0074] S4. The pusher of the grading device obtains the arrival signal of the dried walnuts in real time, and sorts the dried walnuts into the corresponding collection box according to the grading instructions.

[0075] In this embodiment, the illumination source 5 is an integrated light source of a laser lamp, and a circular light transparent area of ​​diameter R is projected on the projection sensing table 6. When a walnut is placed, an irregular shadow is formed. When the walnut shadow appears, the shadow processor scans the shadow part 360° 7 times, and the longest diameter of the shadow is the diameter of the walnut.

[0076] In practical application, statistics were made on single fruit weight, kernel weight, half-shell walnut kernel, non-empty shell walnut kernel, empty shell weight, and transverse diameter of 73 varieties of walnuts in the genus Juglans and Carya, and the corresponding ratios were calculated:

[0077] The specific statistics of the quality of each part of different types of walnuts are as follows:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] The statistics of the transverse diameter and the ratio of mass to transverse diameter of different types of walnuts are as follows:

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] By analyzing the above data, we found that the weight of single fruit, shriveled kernel weight and empty shell weight of different types of walnuts are quite different. If we only look at the weight, we can only screen walnuts of a single type. If mixed varieties are included, abnormal fruits may not be screened out or normal fruits may be screened out as abnormal fruits. Therefore, we introduce the horizontal diameter and use the weight / horizontal diameter as the setting conditions to screen mixed varieties of walnuts.

[0088] Through data statistical analysis, the preset threshold value is: when the ratio of fruit weight to transverse diameter is >2.9g / cm, it is a normal walnut; when the ratio is 2.7-2.9g / cm, it is a shriveled walnut; when the ratio is 2.2-2.7g / cm, it is a half-shell walnut; when the ratio is 2-2.2g / cm, it is a non-empty shell walnut; when the ratio is <2g / cm, it is an empty shell walnut.

[0089] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0090] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A walnut dried fruit screening device, characterized in that: include: Feeding device, conveying device, weighing sensor, transverse diameter measuring device, PLC controller and grading device; The feeding device is connected to the conveying device and is used to deliver the dried walnuts to the conveying device; A conveying device, used for conveying walnut dried fruits, comprising a front conveyor belt and a rear conveyor belt; The weighing sensor is installed under the front conveyor belt to detect the weight of the walnuts; The transverse diameter measuring device is arranged between the front conveyor belt and the rear conveyor belt, and is used to measure the transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts in real time; The PLC controller is respectively connected to the weighing sensor, the transverse diameter measuring device and the grading device, and is used to send a grading instruction to the grading device according to the weight and transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts; The grading device is arranged on both sides of the rear conveyor belt, and is used to sort the dried walnuts into corresponding collection boxes according to the grading instructions of the PLC controller.

2. A walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse diameter measuring device includes an irradiation source, a projection sensing table and a shadow processor; The illumination source is arranged above the projection sensing table, and the shadow processor is arranged below the projection sensing table.

3. A walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor also includes a support column; The front conveyor belt and the rear conveyor belt are both supported by support columns, and a weighing sensor is arranged between the front conveyor belt and the support columns.

4. A walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse diameter measuring device also includes a robot, which is used to grab the dried walnuts on the front conveyor belt to the projection sensing table. After the projection is completed, the robot grabs the dried walnuts from the projection sensing table to the rear conveyor belt.

5. The walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading device includes an in-place sensor, a pusher and a collection box; The in-place sensor and the pusher are arranged on the side of the rear conveyor belt in sequence along the conveying direction of the walnut dried fruits, and the collecting box is arranged on the side opposite to the pusher of the rear conveyor belt. The pusher is connected to the in-place sensor and the PLC controller respectively.

6. The walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Pushers include the first pusher, the second pusher, the third pusher and the fourth pusher; The collection boxes include normal fruit collection boxes, semi-shrunken walnut collection boxes, half-shell walnut collection boxes, non-empty shell walnut collection boxes and empty shell collection boxes; The first pusher, the second pusher, the third pusher and the fourth pusher are respectively arranged corresponding to the semi-shrunken walnut collection box, the half-shell walnut collection box, the non-empty shell walnut collection box and the empty shell collection box; The normal fruit collection box is located at the end of the rear conveyor belt.

7. The walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller sends a grading instruction to the grading device based on the comparison between the ratio of the weight and the transverse diameter data of the dried walnuts and a preset threshold value; When the ratio of fruit weight to transverse diameter is >2.9g / cm, it is a normal walnut; when the ratio is 2.7-2.9g / cm, it is a shriveled walnut; when the ratio is 2.2-2.7g / cm, it is a half-shell walnut; when the ratio is 2-2.2g / cm, it is a non-empty-shell walnut; and when the ratio is <2g / cm, it is an empty-shell walnut.

8. The walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device is Y-shaped, wide at the front and narrow at the back, and is in an inclined state, forming a certain angle with the horizontal direction. The width of the outlet of the feeding device is designed to allow only one walnut to pass through.

9. The walnut dried fruit screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weighing sensor includes an elastic sensitive element and a resistance strain gauge.

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