Locking device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of locks, and particularly relates to a locking device and a vehicle. The locking device comprises a driving device, a buffering assembly and a spring bolt which are sequentially connected, the buffering assembly is used for buffering when the spring bolt is clamped, the driving device comprises a motor, a gear and a rack, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack; the buffering assembly comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and an elastic piece, the first connecting piece is in sliding connection with the second connecting piece, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the first connecting piece, the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the second connecting piece, the first connecting piece is provided with a mounting groove parallel to the reciprocating rectilinear motion direction, and the elastic piece is mounted in the mounting groove. The rack is arranged on the first connecting piece and is opposite to the mounting groove, and the length direction of the rack is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting piece. The locking device is more compact in structure and more direct in power transmission, the number of parts of the locking device is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of locks, and in particular relates to a locking device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Chinese patent document CN213573433U discloses a small telescopic electric control lock, which has a slider component and a spring structure. The slider component is connected to a driving assembly and is driven by the driving assembly to perform linear reciprocating motion. It includes a push rod part slidably connected to the slide groove structure, and a mounting cavity formed on the push rod part along the extension direction of the push rod part; the spring structure is installed in the mounting cavity and is accommodated in the limit groove when the push rod part is inserted into the slide groove structure. The end surfaces of both ends of the spring structure can partially extend out of both sides of the mounting cavity and respectively cooperate to abut against the two ends of the limit groove. When the slider component performs linear reciprocating motion, the spring structure squeezes the limit groove to drive the lock tongue to move in the same direction.

[0003] However, the sliding component and spring structure of the small telescopic electric lock are separate, and the rack driving the sliding component to move is set on the sliding component, which causes the shape of the electric lock to become narrow and long, the integration is low, and the manufacturing cost becomes high.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved and developed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a locking device and a vehicle, which can make the structure more compact, reduce the number of parts, and help reduce manufacturing costs.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a locking device, comprising a driving device, a buffer assembly and a lock tongue connected in sequence, wherein the driving device drives the lock tongue to reciprocate linearly, the lock tongue extends to lock, and the lock tongue retracts to unlock, the buffer assembly is used for buffering the lock tongue when it is stuck, the driving device comprises a motor, a gear and a rack, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack;

[0007] The buffer assembly includes a first connecting member, a second connecting member and an elastic member, the first connecting member is slidably connected to the second connecting member, one end of the elastic member is connected to the first connecting member, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the second connecting member, the first connecting member is provided with a mounting groove parallel to the direction of reciprocating linear motion, the elastic member is installed in the mounting groove, the rack is arranged on the first connecting member, the rack is arranged opposite to the mounting groove, and the length direction of the rack is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting member.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a shell, which forms a first chamber and a second chamber separated from each other, the driving device and the first connecting member of the buffer assembly are arranged in the first chamber, the second connecting member of the buffer assembly is arranged in the second chamber, and the second chamber is provided with a sealing structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a partition, the partition is provided with a second through hole, the locking device also includes a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a third through hole, and the second connecting member and the two ends of the locking tongue are respectively slidably connected and supported with the second through hole and the third through hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic member is a compression spring, the length of the compression spring is greater than or equal to half the length of the first connecting member, and the spring diameter of the compression spring is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the second connecting member is provided with a stopper, and the stopper slides in the installation groove.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the first connecting member, and the other end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the second connecting member.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a state detection device, which includes a magnet and a first Hall element and a second Hall element respectively arranged on a circuit board, the magnet is arranged on the buffer component or the lock tongue, and the unlocked state is obtained when the magnet on the buffer component or the lock tongue moves to be relative to the first Hall element, and the locked state is obtained when the magnet on the buffer component or the lock tongue moves to be relative to the second Hall element.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a forced unlocking device for forcibly retracting the lock tongue, and one end of the forced unlocking device is connected to the lock tongue.

[0015] Furthermore, buffer pads are provided on both side walls of the first chamber close to the first connecting member.

[0016] The present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned locking device.

[0017] From the above, it can be seen that the locking device reduces the space occupied by the first connecting member by designing the rack and the first connecting member as an integral part, making the structure of the entire locking device more compact, and the power transmission more direct. The number of parts of the locking device is reduced, which is conducive to reducing manufacturing costs.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the locking device.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the locking device from another angle.

[0021] Figure 3 An exploded view of the locking device.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the locking device (with the cover hidden).

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the buffer assembly and the lock tongue.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the buffer assembly and the lock tongue from another angle.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the buffer assembly and the lock tongue (one of the locked states of the lock tongue).

[0026] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the buffer assembly and the lock tongue (the second state of the lock tongue being stuck).

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the locking device is in the extended state.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the locking device is in the retracted state.

[0029] Description of labels:

[0030] 1-locking device, 11-cover plate, 12-housing, 121-first through hole, 122-second through hole, 123-first chamber, 124-second chamber, 125-partition plate, 13-mounting plate, 131-mounting hole, 132-third through hole, 14-driving device, 141-motor, 142-gear, 143-rack, 15-buffer assembly, 151-first connecting member, 1511-mounting groove, 1512-fixing groove, 152-second connecting member, 1521-stopper, 1522-boss, 1523-connecting groove, 153-elastic member, 16-lock tongue, 17-forced unlocking device, 18-state detection device, 181-circuit board, 182-first Hall element, 183-second Hall element, 184-magnet, 19-buffer pad, 110-sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the utility model. In order to simplify the disclosure of the utility model, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples, and the purpose is not to limit the utility model. In addition, the utility model may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the utility model provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the locking device 1. Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the locking device 1 from another angle. Figure 3 FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the locking device 1. The locking device 1 comprises a housing 12, a cover plate 11 and a mounting plate 13. The housing 12 is provided with a driving device 14, a buffer assembly 15 and a locking tongue 16 connected in sequence. The housing 12 is a metal hollow shell structure, and a partition plate 125 arranged vertically in the middle is provided. The partition plate 125 separates the housing 12 into a first chamber 123 and a second chamber 124, wherein the first chamber 123 is located at Figure 4 On the left side, the first chamber 123 is located Figure 4 On the lower right side, the driving device 14 and the first connecting member 151 of the buffer assembly 15 are arranged in the first chamber 123, the second connecting member 152 of the buffer assembly 15 is arranged in the second chamber 124, the housing 12 is sealed with the cover plate 11 to improve the sealing performance, the mounting plate 13 is fixedly connected with the housing 12, the mounting plate 13 is a thin plate structure, and mounting holes 131 are arranged on both sides of the mounting plate 13, and the mounting plate 13 and the housing 12 are fixed to the fixed object by screws passing through the mounting holes 131. The fixed object can be the frame of the electric vehicle or the cabinet of the shared power exchange cabinet.

[0037] The right side of the housing 12 is provided with a first through hole 121, the partition 125 is provided with a second through hole 122, and the mounting plate 13 is provided with a third through hole 132. The cross-sectional shapes of the second through hole 122 and the third through hole 132 are equal and slightly larger than the cross-sectional shape of the lock tongue 16. The second connecting member 152 of the buffer assembly 15 passes through the second through hole 122, the first through hole 121 and the third through hole 132 in sequence. After the second connecting member 152 and the lock tongue 16 are assembled, their two ends are supported by the second through hole 122 of the partition 125 and the third through hole 132 of the mounting plate 13, respectively, and the second connecting member 152 and the lock tongue 16 can be slidably connected with the second through hole 122 and the third through hole 132. The support at both ends improves the bearing capacity of the second connecting member 152 and enhances the stability of the second connecting member 152 during the sliding process. The locking tongue 16 of the locking device 1 can pass through the first through hole 121 and the third through hole 132 to reciprocate linearly (ie, extend or retract), and is locked with the fixed object when extended, and is unlocked with the fixed object when retracted.

[0038] Since there is a gap after the second through hole 122 and the second connecting piece 152 are assembled, a sealing structure is provided in the second chamber 124. Specifically, a sealing ring 110 is provided on the side wall of the second chamber 124 close to the partition 125. This can enhance the dustproof and waterproof performance of the first chamber 123, reduce the failure rate of the locking device 1 and extend the service life of the locking device 1.

[0039] The mounting plate 13 has two functions. The first function is to fix the locking device 1 on a fixed object. The second function is to enhance the ability to resist external forces. When the lock tongue 16 is subjected to a vertical upward or downward force, the mounting plate 13 provides a certain supporting force to the lock tongue 16 to reduce the deformation of the shell 12.

[0040] The driving device 14 includes a motor 141, a gear 142 and a rack 143. The motor 141 is fixedly mounted on the housing 12. The output shaft of the motor 141 is fixedly connected to the gear 142. The gear 142 and the rack 143 are meshed. When the motor 141 rotates forward, the rack 143 moves toward the direction close to the second through hole 122 to the second position. Fig. 9 As shown, the rack 143 drives the buffer assembly 15 and the lock tongue 16 to extend; when the motor 141 rotates in the reverse direction, the rack 143 moves to the first position in a direction away from the second through hole 122, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the rack 143 drives the buffer assembly 15 and the locking tongue 16 to retract. It should be noted that the forward rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction of the motor 141 can be interchanged.

[0041] Because the contact between the gear 142 and the rack 143 is rolling contact, the friction loss is small, the energy loss is low, and the transmission efficiency is high. The gear 142 rack 143 transmission mechanism can be designed to be very compact, which is suitable for applications with limited space. The gear 142 rack 143 transmission mechanism has a simple structure, convenient maintenance, low failure rate, and high reliability.

[0042] In order to further reduce the volume of the locking device 1, the rack 143 is arranged on the buffer assembly 15 and the length direction of the rack 143 is parallel to the length direction of the buffer assembly 15. Specifically, the rack 143 can be arranged on the first connecting member 151. By designing the rack 143 and the first connecting member 151 as an integrated unit, the space occupied by the first connecting member 151 is reduced, the structure of the entire locking device 1 is more compact, and the power transmission is more direct. The number of parts of the locking device 1 is reduced, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0043] When the lock tongue 16 is extended or retracted, it may be blocked or clamped by foreign objects, causing the lock tongue 16 to be unable to extend or retract, that is, a jamming phenomenon occurs. A buffer component 15 is provided between the drive device 14 and the lock tongue 16 to buffer when it is stuck.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the buffer assembly 15 and the locking tongue 16. Figure 6 1 is a three-dimensional view of the buffer assembly 15 and the locking tongue 16 from another angle. The buffer assembly 15 includes a first connecting member 151, a second connecting member 152 and an elastic member 153, wherein the first connecting member 151 is slidably connected to the second connecting member 152, one end of the elastic member 153 is connected to the first connecting member 151, and the other end of the elastic member 153 is connected to the second connecting member 152.

[0045] The first connecting member 151 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. A mounting groove 1511 with an opening downward is provided on the first connecting member 151. The direction of the mounting groove 1511 is parallel to the direction of the reciprocating linear motion of the lock tongue 16. An elastic member 153 is installed in the mounting groove 1511. The rack 143 is arranged opposite to the mounting groove 1511. In order to make the first connecting member 151 and the second connecting member 152 slidably connected, a stopper 1521 is provided at one end of the second connecting member 152. The side wall of the stopper 1521 contacts the side wall of the mounting groove 1511 to form a sliding pair. The stopper 1521 can slide in the mounting groove 1511. A connecting groove 1523 is provided at the other end of the second connecting member 152. The connecting groove 1523 is used for detachable connection with the lock tongue 16. The lock tongue 16 is usually made of metal, and the second connecting member 152 is usually made of plastic. The detachable connection method can reduce the manufacturing cost and the weight of the locking device 1.

[0046] The second connecting member 152 is provided with a boss 1522 on one side close to the stopper 1521, and one end of the elastic member 153 is snapped into the boss 1522 and fixedly connected to the second connecting member 152. The first connecting member 151 is also provided with a fixing groove 1512, which is located at the end of the first connecting member 151, and the other end of the elastic member 153 is snapped into the fixing groove 1512 and fixedly connected to the first connecting member 151.

[0047] When there is no jamming phenomenon, the elastic member 153 is in a free extension state. Figure 6 As shown, when the rack 143 moves from the first position to the second position, the lock tongue 16 extends normally, and vice versa, the lock tongue 16 can also retract normally; if a jamming phenomenon occurs, such as Figure 7 As shown, the lock tongue 16 is blocked or clamped by a foreign object, the lock tongue 16 cannot move, the rack 143 moves from the first position to the second position, driving the first connecting member 151 to move, the elastic member 153 is compressed, the block 1521 slides in the direction close to the fixing groove 1512, and the elastic member 153 absorbs energy for buffering during compression. When the foreign object no longer blocks or clamps the lock tongue 16, the elastic member 153 releases the elastic force to extend the lock tongue 16. For another example, the lock tongue 16 is blocked or clamped by a foreign object, the lock tongue 16 cannot move, the rack 143 moves from the second position to the first position, the elastic member 153 stretches, and the elastic member 153 absorbs energy for buffering during stretching. When the foreign object no longer blocks or clamps the lock tongue 16, the elastic member 153 releases the elastic force to retract the lock tongue 16.

[0048] The elastic member 153 can be an elastic part such as a spring or rubber. In the present embodiment, the elastic member 153 is a compression spring. The resistance of the lock tongue 16 being blocked or clamped by foreign objects is not large. In order to make the compression spring work more sensitively, the spring wire diameter of the compression spring can be selected to be less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Preferably, the spring wire diameter of the compression spring is 0.4 mm, the length is 30 mm, and the length of the first connecting member 151 is 38 mm. The length of the compression spring is greater than or equal to half of the length of the first connecting member 151. The longer the length of the compression spring, the more sensitive the compression spring response is under the premise of the same resistance.

[0049] In some special cases, the battery may be exhausted or the driving device 14 may be damaged, resulting in the inability to control the motor 141 of the driving device 14 to work normally, thereby causing the locking device 1 to be unable to unlock normally. In order to solve the above problem, the locking device 1 is also used for forcibly retracting the lock tongue 16. One end of the forced unlocking device 17 is connected to the lock tongue 16. In this embodiment, Figure 2As shown, the forced unlocking device 17 is a thin rope, and in order to connect the thin rope with the lock tongue 16, a connecting hole is provided on the second connecting member 152, and the thin rope is indirectly fixedly connected to the lock tongue 16. If the locking device 1 cannot be unlocked normally, the lock tongue 16 can be forced to retract by pulling the thin rope.

[0050] In order to obtain the state of the locking device 1, so that the user can understand the locking or unlocking state of the locking device 1 through the smart terminal, a state detection device 18 is added, such as Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the state detection device 18 includes a first Hall element 182, a second Hall element 183 and a magnet 184. The first Hall element 182 and the second Hall element 183 are welded on a circuit board 181 integrated with a controller. The circuit board 181 is vertically mounted on the side of the first connecting member 151. The first Hall element 182 and the second Hall element 183 are mounted on the side close to the partition 125. The magnet 184 can be set on the buffer component 15 or the lock tongue 16. In this embodiment, the magnet 184 is mounted on the side of the first connecting member 151 facing the circuit board 181. When the motor 141 rotates forward, the rack 143 moves to the second position in the direction close to the second through hole 122, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, the magnet 184 of the first connecting member 151 is close to the second Hall element 183, and the distance between the magnet 184 and the second Hall element 183 is the shortest. The second Hall element 183 senses the magnetic field of the magnet 184, and the second Hall element 183 sends an electrical signal to the controller and defines this state as a locked state; when the motor 141 rotates in the reverse direction, the rack 143 moves to the first position in the direction away from the second through hole 122, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the magnet 184 of the first connecting member 151 is directly opposite to the first Hall element 182, and the distance between the magnet 184 and the first Hall element 182 is the shortest. The first Hall element 182 senses the magnetic field of the magnet 184, and the first Hall element 182 sends an electrical signal to the controller and defines the state as the unlocked state. In this way, the extension or retraction of the lock tongue 16 can be indirectly detected, and the locked or unlocked state of the locking device 1 can be obtained.

[0051] The magnet 184 can also be arranged on the stopper 1521 of the second connecting member 152. Since the second connecting member 152 and the lock tongue 16 are rigidly connected, the extension or retraction of the lock tongue 16 can be directly detected, thereby obtaining the locked or unlocked state of the locking device 1. Correspondingly, the setting position of the circuit board 181 needs to match the setting position of the magnet 184. Similarly, the magnet 184 can also be directly arranged on the lock tongue 16.

[0052] The first connecting member 151 may collide with other parts during movement, and buffer pads 19 are provided on both side walls of the first chamber 123 close to the first connecting member 151 to achieve a buffering effect.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "certain embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0054] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a driving device (14), a buffer assembly (15) and a lock tongue (16) which are connected in sequence, wherein the driving device (14) drives the lock tongue (16) to reciprocate linearly, the lock tongue (16) extends to lock, and the lock tongue (16) retracts to unlock, the buffer assembly (15) is used for buffering the lock tongue (16) when it is stuck, the driving device (14) comprises a motor (141), a gear (142) and a rack (143), the output shaft of the motor (141) is connected to the gear (142), and the gear (142) and the rack (143) are meshed; The buffer assembly (15) comprises a first connecting member (151), a second connecting member (152) and an elastic member (153); the first connecting member (151) is slidably connected to the second connecting member (152); one end of the elastic member (153) is connected to the first connecting member (151); the other end of the elastic member (153) is connected to the second connecting member (152); the first connecting member (151) is provided with a mounting groove (1511) parallel to the direction of reciprocating linear motion; the elastic member (153) is installed in the mounting groove (1511); the rack (143) is arranged on the first connecting member (151); the rack (143) is arranged opposite to the mounting groove (1511); and the length direction of the rack (143) is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting member (151).

2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a shell (12), wherein the shell (12) is formed with a first chamber (123) and a second chamber (124) separated from each other, wherein the driving device (14) and the first connecting member (151) of the buffer assembly (15) are arranged in the first chamber (123), and the second connecting member (152) of the buffer assembly (15) is arranged in the second chamber (124), and the second chamber (124) is provided with a sealing structure.

3. The locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first chamber (123) and the second chamber (124) are separated by a partition (125), and the partition (125) is provided with a second through hole (122). The locking device (1) also includes a mounting plate (13), and the mounting plate (13) is provided with a third through hole (132). The second connecting member (152) and the two ends of the locking tongue (16) are slidably connected and supported by the second through hole (122) and the third through hole (132), respectively.

4. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (153) is a compression spring, the length of the compression spring is greater than or equal to half the length of the first connecting member (151), and the spring diameter of the compression spring is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

5. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting member (152) is provided with a stopper (1521), and the stopper (1521) slides in the installation groove (1511).

6. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the elastic member (153) is fixedly connected to the first connecting member (151), and the other end of the elastic member (153) is fixedly connected to the second connecting member (152).

7. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a state detection device (18), wherein the state detection device (18) comprises a magnet (184) and a first Hall element (182) and a second Hall element (183) respectively arranged on a circuit board (181); the magnet (184) is arranged on the buffer component (15) or the lock tongue (16); when the magnet (184) on the buffer component (15) or the lock tongue (16) moves to be opposite to the first Hall element (182), an unlocked state is obtained; when the magnet (184) on the buffer component (15) or the lock tongue (16) moves to be opposite to the second Hall element (183), a locked state is obtained.

8. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a forced unlocking device (17) for forcibly retracting the locking tongue (16), one end of the forced unlocking device (17) being connected to the locking tongue (16).

9. The locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Buffer pads (19) are provided on two side walls of the first chamber (123) close to the first connecting member (151).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the locking device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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