Perovskite light charger adopting vacuum packaging

Abstract

The utility model discloses a perovskite light charger adopting vacuum packaging. The solar battery pack comprises a solar battery unit, a package used for vacuum packaging of the solar battery unit, a first conductor and a second conductor used for connecting electrodes at two ends of the solar battery unit, a control circuit electrically connected with the first conductor and the second conductor, an energy storage battery and a charging interface, the control circuit is used for charging and discharging control of the solar cell unit and input and output control of the energy storage battery; the solar cell unit is a perovskite solar cell unit, a glass bottom plate and a glass top plate are arranged in the package, the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the solar cell unit, and the edges of the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are sealed in the package; one part of the first conductor and one part of the second conductor are sealed, and the other part is exposed to connect the control circuit, the energy storage battery and the charging interface. According to the technical scheme, the photovoltaic charger is convenient and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of perovskite solar cells, and in particular relates to a perovskite light charger using vacuum packaging. Background Art

[0002] With the development of smart devices and mobile Internet, portable digital products such as mobile phones have gradually become an indispensable part of life. However, the battery of smart phones has limited power. If used for a long time, it needs to be charged, otherwise it is easy to cause the phone to shut down due to lack of power, thus affecting normal use.

[0003] Solar cells that can directly generate electricity from solar energy can charge mobile phones as long as there is sunlight, ensuring that mobile phones can get a steady supply of electricity even outdoors. Perovskite solar cells, which use organic metal halide semiconductors as light-absorbing materials, have very high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and their certified efficiency has reached 25.7% (https: / / doi.org / 10.1038 / s41586-023-05825-y). In addition, perovskites also have very high conversion efficiency under weak light, and perovskite indoor photovoltaic modules have exceeded 36% photoelectric conversion efficiency (https: / / doi.org / 10.1002 / advs.202204138). Therefore, perovskite solar cells can be used to generate electricity both indoors and outdoors, and are a very effective technology for reducing carbon emissions.

[0004] However, the light-absorbing material perovskite in perovskite solar cells is sensitive to water and oxygen, and the cells need to be encapsulated to ensure their stability. At present, most solar cell modules use the lamination encapsulation method, but to ensure a good encapsulation effect, the modules need to be hot-pressed at high temperature (>120°C) for a long time. Long-term high temperature will destroy the perovskite film, resulting in the performance of the perovskite module being affected. Utility Model Content

[0005] A brief overview of embodiments of the present invention is given below in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present invention. It should be understood that the following overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present invention. It is not intended to identify key or important parts of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description discussed later.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a perovskite light charger using vacuum packaging, comprising:

[0007] A solar cell unit, an encapsulation for vacuum encapsulating the solar cell unit, a first conductor and a second conductor for connecting electrodes at both ends of the solar cell unit, a control circuit electrically connected to the first conductor and the second conductor, an energy storage battery and a charging interface; the control circuit is used for charge and discharge control of the solar cell unit and input and output control of the energy storage battery;

[0008] The solar cell unit is a perovskite solar cell unit, comprising a transparent conductive glass substrate, an electron (hole) transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, a hole (electron) transport layer and a back electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top; the first conductor is connected to the transparent conductive glass substrate, and the second conductor is connected to the back electrode layer;

[0009] Wherein, a glass bottom plate and a glass top plate are provided in the package, and the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the solar cell unit, and the edges of the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are sealed in the package; a part of the first conductor and the second conductor are enclosed, and the other part is exposed to connect the control circuit, the energy storage battery and the charging interface.

[0010] The perovskite light charger realized by the above scheme of the utility model is composed of a solar cell unit, a first conductor and a second conductor for electrical connection, an encapsulation for vacuum encapsulating the solar cell unit, a control circuit, an energy storage battery, and a charging interface. This charger can conveniently and efficiently charge mobile smart devices such as mobile phones. In addition, the perovskite solar cell contains heavy metal lead, and the utility model adopts a bottom and top glass encapsulation structure to avoid lead leakage.

[0011] The first conductor is electrically connected to the transparent conductive glass substrate (there is also a conductive film on the substrate, such as FTO, ITO) of the solar cell unit and is connected to one end of the control circuit; the second conductor is electrically connected to the back electrode layer on the top of the solar cell unit and is connected to the other end of the control circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are metal or metal alloy conductors.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy storage battery is implemented by a lithium battery, and the energy storage battery includes one or more lithium batteries. The energy storage battery is used to store excess electricity generated by solar power, and then charged through a control circuit when needed. Multiple batteries are set to ensure a certain voltage.

[0013] Furthermore, the perovskite light charger also includes a shell, which encapsulates the solar cell unit, the first conductor, the second conductor, the encapsulation, the control circuit, the energy storage battery and the charging interface therein.

[0014] Furthermore, the transparent conductive glass substrate is a transparent conductive oxide glass, and the transparent conductive oxide includes materials such as ITO, IZO, ZTO, AZO or GZO.

[0015] Furthermore, the material of the electron transport layer is an n-type compound semiconductor with transport properties, which is one or more of titanium oxide, tin oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, yttrium oxide, zinc stannate, barium stannate, C60, and PCBM.

[0016] Further, the material of the hole transport layer is a p-type compound semiconductor with hole transport properties. The p-type compound semiconductor includes one or more of P3HT, Spiro-OMeTAD, Poly-TBD, PFN, PEDOT:PSS, PTAA, nickel oxide, copper-doped nickel oxide, lithium-magnesium-doped nickel oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, cuprous iodide, cuprous thiocyanate, copper oxide, cuprous oxide, phthalocyanine or cuprous gallate.

[0017] Furthermore, the perovskite light-absorbing material layer is a lead-based perovskite compound.

[0018] Furthermore, the back electrode layer is made of materials such as silver, aluminum, gold, copper, titanium, chromium, nickel, palladium, carbon, ITO, IZO, ZTO, AZO or GZO.

[0019] The utility model realizes a convenient and efficient photovoltaic charger through the above solution, and solves the problem of toxic lead leakage in perovskite solar cells and the influence of high temperature on battery performance during packaging. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The perovskite solar cell used in the light charger of the utility model has high weak light efficiency and is suitable for efficient and convenient charging indoors and outdoors;

[0021] 2. The perovskite solar cell is packaged using vacuum equipment, which avoids the damage to the performance of the perovskite solar cell itself caused by the high temperature required for packaging during traditional lamination packaging;

[0022] 3. The glass encapsulation method of perovskite solar cells can avoid the leakage of toxic lead in perovskite solar cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention can be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used in all drawings to represent the same or similar components. The accompanying drawings together with the following detailed description are included in and form a part of this specification, and are used to further illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention and explain the principles and advantages of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the perovskite light charger of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the perovskite light charger of the utility model from a side view;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a perovskite solar cell unit encapsulated in the perovskite light charger of the utility model;

[0027] The reference numerals are described as follows: 1 perovskite solar cell unit, 2 first conductor, 3 second conductor, 4 solar cell control and energy storage battery input and output control circuit, 5 two energy storage batteries, 6 charging interface, 7 encapsulation, 7a glass top plate, 7b glass bottom plate, 8 laser scribed line, 9 housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Elements and features described in one drawing or one embodiment of the present invention may be combined with elements and features shown in one or more other drawings or embodiments. It should be noted that for the purpose of clarity, the representation and description of components and processes that are not related to the present invention and are known to those of ordinary skill in the art are omitted in the drawings and descriptions.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Specific embodiment:

[0032] This embodiment provides a perovskite light charger using vacuum packaging, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the battery includes: it is composed of a perovskite solar cell unit (referred to as a solar cell unit 1), a first conductor 2 and a second conductor 3 for connecting the electrodes at both ends of the solar cell unit 1, an encapsulation 7 for vacuum packaging the solar cell unit, a control circuit 4, two energy storage batteries 5, a charging interface 6 and a shell 9. The solar cell unit is composed of a transparent conductive glass substrate, an electron (hole) transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, a hole (electron) transport layer and a back electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top; the first conductor is connected to the transparent conductive glass substrate, and the second conductor is connected to the back electrode. A glass bottom plate 7b and a glass top plate 7a are respectively provided at the bottom and top of the solar cell unit in the encapsulation. The solar cell unit with the first conductor and the second conductor installed is placed between the glass bottom plate 7b and the glass top plate 7a of the encapsulation in the vacuum packaging equipment, and the edges of the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are sealed to form an encapsulation. Among them, the first conductor and the second conductor must be partially enclosed and partially exposed to connect the control circuit 4, the two energy storage batteries 5 and the charging interface 6. This charger can charge mobile smart devices such as mobile phones conveniently and efficiently.

[0033] The specific preparation steps of the perovskite light charger are as follows:

[0034] Step 1: P1 laser etching of 15 cm × 10 cm ITO;

[0035] Step 2: Wash the ITO conductive glass with P1 laser engraving with detergent and deionized water for 15 minutes to remove grease and organic matter, then ultrasonically wash it with acetone, ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes in sequence, blow dry with nitrogen and set aside, thus obtaining a conductive glass substrate;

[0036] Step 3: On the ITO glass obtained in step 1, a NiOx thin film as a hole transport layer is prepared by a coating method, and then heated at 120°C for 15 minutes to obtain the desired NiOx hole transport layer with a thickness of 20 nm;

[0037] Step 4: Prepare a perovskite layer on the prepared NiOx hole transport layer by coating method, the perovskite structure is Cs0.1MA0.05FA0.85Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3, annealed at 100℃ for 30 min, and the thickness is 550nm;

[0038] Step 5: Prepare an electron transport layer PCBM on the prepared perovskite layer by coating method, heat and anneal at 100°C for 10 min, and the thickness is 40nm;

[0039] Step 6: Prepare a buffer layer BCP on the electron transport layer prepared in step 4 by a coating method to a thickness of 7 nm;

[0040] Step 7: P2 laser scribing of the ITO substrate coated with BCP;

[0041] Step 8: Use the evaporation method to evaporate the Cu electrode on the buffer layer prepared in step 5 to obtain a thickness of 100 nm. At this point, the preparation of this perovskite solar cell is completed;

[0042] Step nine: P3 laser scribing of the ITO substrate on which the Cu electrode has been evaporated;

[0043] Step 10: Use a first conductor Cu tape to connect to the bottom transparent ITO electrode of the solar cell, and another second conductor Cu tape to connect to the top back electrode layer Cu of the solar cell;

[0044] Step 11: The perovskite solar cell prepared above and the first and second conductor Cu tapes connected thereto, the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate, and the sealing curing hot melt adhesive are transferred into a vacuum chamber; the perovskite solar cell unit connected with the two Cu tapes is placed between the encapsulated glass bottom plate and the top plate in the vacuum chamber, and then the edges of the glass top plate and the bottom plate are bonded and encapsulated with the sealing hot melt adhesive, and the two Cu tapes are partially exposed;

[0045] Step 12: Connect the first conductor and the second conductor exposed from the battery assembly packaged in the above step 8 to the solar cell control and energy storage battery input and output control circuit, two energy storage batteries, and a charging interface;

[0046] Step 13: Cover the above-made device with a plastic shell to finally obtain the entire perovskite light charger.

[0047] It should be emphasized that the term “include / comprises” when used herein refers to the presence of features, elements, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps or components.

[0048] In addition, the method of the present invention is not limited to being executed in the time sequence described in the specification, and can also be executed in other time sequences, in parallel or independently. Therefore, the execution order of the method described in this specification does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0049] Although the utility model has been disclosed above through the description of the specific embodiments of the utility model, it should be understood that all the above embodiments and examples are exemplary rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art can design various modifications, improvements or equivalents of the utility model within the spirit and scope of the attached claims. These modifications, improvements or equivalents should also be considered to be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger, characterized in that: include: A solar cell unit, an encapsulation for vacuum encapsulating the solar cell unit, a first conductor and a second conductor for connecting electrodes at both ends of the solar cell unit, a control circuit electrically connected to the first conductor and the second conductor, an energy storage battery and a charging interface; the control circuit is used for charge and discharge control of the solar cell unit and input and output control of the energy storage battery; The solar cell unit is a perovskite solar cell unit, comprising a transparent conductive glass substrate, an electron transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, a hole transport layer and a back electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top; the first conductor is connected to the transparent conductive glass substrate, and the second conductor is connected to the back electrode layer; Wherein, a glass bottom plate and a glass top plate are provided in the package, and the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the solar cell unit, and the edges of the glass bottom plate and the glass top plate are sealed in the package; a part of the first conductor and the second conductor are enclosed, and the other part is exposed to connect the control circuit, the energy storage battery and the charging interface.

2. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite light charger also includes a shell, which encapsulates the solar cell unit, the first conductor, the second conductor, the encapsulation, the control circuit, the energy storage battery and the charging interface inside the shell.

3. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent conductive glass substrate is transparent conductive oxide glass.

4. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the electron transport layer is an n-type compound semiconductor with transport characteristics.

5. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the hole transport layer is a p-type compound semiconductor having hole transport properties.

6. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite light absorbing layer is a lead-based perovskite compound.

7. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back electrode layer is made of silver, aluminum, gold, copper, titanium, chromium, nickel, palladium, carbon, ITO, IZO, ZTO, AZO or GZO material.

8. The vacuum-encapsulated perovskite light charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery includes one or more lithium batteries.

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