Uniform air distribution pipe for circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a uniform air distribution pipe for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a hearth, a blast cover is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the hearth through screws, the specification of the inner wall of the periphery of the blast cover is the same as that of the inner wall of the periphery of the hearth, and a primary air supply structure is arranged at the bottom of the blast cover. A secondary air supply structure is arranged between the primary air supply structure and the periphery of the hearth, mounting angle seats are fixed to the corners of the inner wall of the periphery of the blast cover, and the same air distribution plate attached to the inner wall of the blast cover is fixedly mounted at the tops of the mounting angle seats through screws. According to the utility model, the effect of uniform air distribution is realized, the performance of automatically opening and closing the air distribution structure is realized, fuel slag is prevented from entering the air distribution structure, the smoothness of the bottom of the hearth during deslagging is ensured, the phenomenon of blockage caused by the fact that slag material leaks from holes of the air distribution plate and enters an air system is avoided, and sufficient deslagging is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a uniform air distribution pipe for a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Art

[0002] As a clean coal combustion technology with wide fuel adaptability and high combustion efficiency, circulating fluidized bed boilers are widely used in the field of thermal power generation. Circulating fluidized bed boilers are usually composed of a fluidized bed combustion chamber (furnace), a circulating ash separator, a fly ash return device, a tail heating surface and auxiliary equipment. The flue gas system of a circulating fluidized bed boiler is a general term for the wind (cold air and hot air) system and the flue gas system of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The wind system mainly consists of two parts: combustion air and conveying air. In the combustion chamber, it is necessary to evenly distribute the air so that the fuel is uniform.

[0003] After searching, a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a patent publication number of CN103292320A is found, which includes a furnace, a first air distribution plate and a slag discharge pipe arranged at the bottom of the furnace, wherein the circulating fluidized bed boiler also includes a slag discharge bed area for fluidizing ash and slag, the slag discharge bed area is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the furnace and is connected to the furnace, and the slag discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the slag discharge bed area. The present invention discloses a fluidization method using a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The circulating fluidized bed boiler can reduce the loss of fine bed material during slag discharge, and the material fluidity near the slag discharge pipe is good, there is no flow dead zone, the temperature field is more uniform, and the heat utilization rate is higher.

[0004] In the process of implementing the above-mentioned scheme, it was found that the following problems in the prior art have not been well solved: the air distribution plate adopts a traditional porous plate structure, which, on the one hand, cannot ensure the flatness of the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the fuel is easy to leak out from the holes of the air distribution plate, resulting in incomplete combustion; on the other hand, when discharging fuel slag, the fuel slag will also enter the air system and cause blockage, resulting in insufficient slag discharge. Therefore, it is urgent to design a uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a furnace, a blast hood is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace by screws, and the specifications of the inner walls around the blast hood are the same as those of the inner walls around the furnace, a primary air supply structure is arranged at the bottom of the blast hood, and a secondary air supply structure is arranged between the primary air supply structure and the furnace, mounting angle seats are fixed at the corners of the inner walls around the blast hood, and an air distribution plate attached to the inner wall of the blast hood is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting angle seats by screws, a plurality of rows of air distribution holes distributed at equal distances are provided on the air distribution plate, and the inner walls of the air distribution holes are fixed with air distribution structures, a slag discharge support plate is attached between the top of the air distribution plate and the inner walls around the furnace, and a plurality of rows of sleeve holes distributed at equal distances are provided on the slag discharge support plate, the air distribution structures are all plugged into the inside of the sleeve holes, and a lifting assembly is arranged between the bottom of the slag discharge support plate and the inside of the blast hood.

[0008] Furthermore, a fuel inlet pipe is provided at one end of the furnace, and a slag discharge pipe is provided at one side of the furnace, and sealing doors are provided on one side of the slag discharge pipe and one side of the fuel inlet pipe, and the bottom inner wall of the slag discharge pipe is flush with the top surface of the air distribution structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the primary air supply structure includes an air supply pipe fixedly installed at a middle position of the bottom of the air blower hood, and a blower is fixedly installed at one end of the air supply pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the secondary air supply structure includes a riser fixed on the air supply pipe, and a valve is fixedly installed on the riser, and an annular pipe mounted on the outside of the furnace is fixed on the top of the riser, and air distribution pipes inserted into the furnace at equal distances are fixed on the inner walls of the annular pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the air distribution structure includes a conical tube fixed in the air distribution hole, and the top of the circumferential outer wall of the conical tube is designed to be conical, and a cover cap is provided on the top of the circumferential outer wall of the conical tube. The outer diameter of the cover cap is the same as the outer diameter of the conical tube, and an air guide tube inserted into the circumferential inner wall of the conical tube is fixed on the top inner wall of the cover cap, and the top of the air guide tube is provided with air outlet holes distributed at equal distances.

[0012] Furthermore, the circumferential inner wall of the conical tube is provided with guide grooves distributed at equal distances, and a guide column is fixed between the top and bottom of the guide groove, and a guide sleeve block is fixed at the bottom of the circumferential outer wall of the air guide tube and is equidistantly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide column, and a spring is fixed between the top of the guide sleeve block and the top of the guide groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes mounting grooves opened on both sides of the blower hood, and the inner walls of the mounting grooves are fixedly installed with side frames, the inner walls of the side frames are fixedly installed with hydraulic cylinders, the piston ends of the hydraulic cylinders are fixed to the bottom of the slag discharge support plate, and the air distribution plate is provided with guide holes for the piston ends of the hydraulic cylinders to pass through.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] In the utility model, the cooperation of the primary air supply structure, the secondary air supply structure, the air distribution pipe, the blast hood, the air distribution plate and the air distribution structure is used to form an upper and lower air distribution structure for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the cooperation of multiple air distribution structures and multiple air distribution pipes is used to achieve the effect of uniform air distribution, and during the primary air supply, the wind pressure is used to push the cover cap and the air guide pipe in the air distribution structure to rise, so that the wind is blown out along the air guide pipe, the air outlet, the tapered pipe and the inclined surface of the cover cap, thereby increasing the diffusion area of ​​the wind, and when the air is not supplied, the air distribution structure returns to its original position under the action of the spring, thereby achieving the performance of automatically opening and closing the air distribution structure, and preventing fuel slag from entering the interior of the air distribution structure;

[0016] In the utility model, a lifting component, an air distribution structure and a slag discharge support plate are set, and the lifting component is used to adjust the height of the slag discharge support plate so that the top surface of the slag discharge support plate is flush with the top surface of the air distribution structure, thereby ensuring the flatness of the bottom of the furnace during slag discharge, preventing slag from leaking from the holes of the air distribution plate into the air system to cause blockage, and ensuring sufficient slag discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the uniform air distribution duct used for the circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0018] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a furnace with uniform air distribution ducts for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the air distribution structure and hydraulic cylinder structure of the uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the air distribution plate and tapered tube structure of the uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0021] Figure 5 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the slag support plate and sleeve hole structure of the uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the secondary air supply structure of the uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0023] Figure 7 The cross-sectional view of the air distribution structure of the uniform air distribution duct used for the circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0024] In the figure: 1. furnace; 2. secondary air supply structure; 201. riser; 202. annular pipe; 203. air distribution pipe; 3. primary air supply structure; 4. blower; 5. blast hood; 6. slag discharge pipe; 7. fuel inlet pipe; 8. air distribution plate; 9. slag discharge support plate; 10. air distribution structure; 1001. conical pipe; 1002. air guide pipe; 1003. cover cap; 1004. air outlet; 1005. guide groove; 1006. guide column; 1007. guide sleeve block; 1008. spring; 11. mounting angle seat; 12. side frame; 14. sleeve hole; 15. guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 7In the embodiment of the utility model, a uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a furnace 1, a blast hood 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace 1 by screws, and the specifications of the inner walls around the blast hood 5 are the same as those of the inner walls around the furnace 1, a primary air supply structure 3 is arranged at the bottom of the blast hood 5, and a secondary air supply structure 2 is arranged between the primary air supply structure 3 and the furnace 1, the primary air supply structure 3 comprises an air supply pipe fixedly installed at the middle position of the bottom of the blast hood 5, and a blower 4 is fixedly installed at one end of the air supply pipe, the secondary air supply structure 2 comprises a riser 201 fixed on the air supply pipe, and a valve is fixedly installed on the riser 201, an annular pipe 202 which is sleeved on the outside of the furnace 1 is fixed at the top of the riser 201, and the annular pipe 202 is surrounded by The inner wall is fixed with air distribution pipes 203 inserted into the furnace 1 at equal distances, and the inner wall corners of the four sides of the blast hood 5 are fixed with mounting angle seats 11, and the top of the mounting angle seats 11 is fixed with the same air distribution plate 8 that fits the inner wall of the blast hood 5 by screws, and the air distribution plate 8 is provided with multiple rows of air distribution holes distributed at equal distances, and the inner walls of the air distribution holes are fixed with air distribution structures 10, and the air distribution structure 10 includes a conical tube 1001 fixed in the air distribution hole, and the top of the circumferential outer wall of the conical tube 1001 is designed to be conical, and the top of the circumferential outer wall of the conical tube 1001 is sleeved with a cover cap 1003, and the outer diameter of the cover cap 1003 is the same as the outer diameter of the conical tube 1001, and the top inner wall of the cover cap 1003 is fixed with an air guide tube 1000 inserted in the circumferential inner wall of the conical tube 1001 2, and the top of the air guide 1002 is provided with air outlet holes 1004 distributed at equal distances, the circumferential inner wall of the conical tube 1001 is provided with guide grooves 1005 distributed at equal distances, and a guide column 1006 is fixed between the top and the bottom of the guide groove 1005, and the bottom of the circumferential outer wall of the air guide 1002 is fixed with a guide sleeve block 1007 which is equidistantly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide column 1006, and a spring 1008 is fixed between the top of the guide sleeve block 1007 and the top of the guide groove 1005, a slag discharge support plate 9 is attached between the top of the air distribution plate 8 and the surrounding inner walls of the furnace 1, and the slag discharge support plate 9 is provided with a plurality of sleeve holes 14 distributed at equal distances, the air distribution structure 10 is plugged into the inside of the sleeve hole 14, and a spring 1008 is set between the bottom of the slag discharge support plate 9 and the inside of the blast hood 5. There is a lifting assembly, which includes mounting grooves opened on both sides of the blast hood 5, and the inner walls of the mounting grooves are fixedly installed with side frames 12, and the inner walls of the side frames 12 are fixedly installed with hydraulic cylinders 13, and the piston ends of the hydraulic cylinders 13 are fixed to the bottom of the slag discharge support plate 9. The air distribution plate 8 is provided with guide holes 15 for the piston ends of the hydraulic cylinders 13 to pass through, forming an upper and lower air distribution structure for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and a uniform air distribution effect is achieved through the cooperation of multiple air distribution structures 10 and multiple air distribution pipes 203. The lifting assembly is used to adjust the height of the slag discharge support plate 9 so that the top surface of the slag discharge support plate 9 is flush with the top surface of the air distribution structure 10, thereby ensuring the flatness of the bottom of the furnace 1 during slag discharge, avoiding slag from leaking out of the holes of the air distribution plate 8 into the air system to cause blockage, and ensuring sufficient slag discharge.

[0027] Specifically, a fuel inlet pipe 7 is provided at one end of the furnace 1, and a slag discharge pipe 6 is provided at one side of the furnace 1. Sealing doors are provided on one side of the slag discharge pipe 6 and one side of the fuel inlet pipe 7. The bottom inner wall of the slag discharge pipe 6 is flush with the top surface of the air distribution structure 10. The fuel inlet pipe 7 and the slag discharge pipe 6 are used to perform fueling and slag discharge operations of the furnace 1 respectively.

[0028] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: when in use, the user performs air distribution operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the primary air supply structure 3 and the secondary air supply structure 2, and realizes the effect of uniform air distribution through the cooperation of multiple air distribution structures 10 and multiple air distribution pipes 203, and during the primary air supply, the wind pressure is used to push the cover cap 1003 and the air guide pipe 1002 in the air distribution structure 10 to rise, so that the wind is blown out along the air guide pipe 1002, the air outlet 1004, the tapered tube 1001 and the inclined surface of the cover cap 1003, thereby increasing the diffusion area of ​​the wind. When no air is supplied, the air distribution structure 10 returns to its original position under the action of the spring 1008, thereby realizing the performance of automatically opening and closing the air distribution structure 10, thereby preventing fuel slag from entering the interior of the air distribution structure 10. When it is necessary to discharge fuel slag, the user uses the hydraulic cylinder 13 in the lifting assembly to adjust the height of the slag discharge support plate 9, so that the top surface of the slag discharge support plate 9 is flush with the top surface of the air distribution structure 10, thereby preventing slag from leaking out of the holes of the air distribution plate 8 into the air system.

[0029] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention.

Claims

1. A uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising a furnace (1), characterized in that: A blast hood (5) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the furnace (1) by screws, and the specifications of the inner walls of the blast hood (5) are the same as those of the inner walls of the furnace (1). A primary air supply structure (3) is arranged at the bottom of the blast hood (5), and a secondary air supply structure (2) is arranged between the primary air supply structure (3) and the furnace (1). The inner walls of the blast hood (5) are fixedly mounted with mounting angle seats (11) at the corners, and the top of the mounting angle seats (11) is fixedly mounted with the same mounting angle seats (11) by screws. An air distribution plate (8) is provided on the inner wall of the hood (5), wherein the air distribution plate (8) is provided with a plurality of rows of air distribution holes which are distributed at equal distances, and the inner walls of the air distribution holes are all fixed with air distribution structures (10), a slag discharge support plate (9) is fitted between the top of the air distribution plate (8) and the inner walls around the furnace (1), and the slag discharge support plate (9) is provided with a plurality of rows of sleeve holes (14) which are distributed at equal distances, and the air distribution structures (10) are all inserted into the sleeve holes (14), and a lifting assembly is provided between the bottom of the slag discharge support plate (9) and the inside of the blast hood (5).

2. The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fuel inlet pipe (7) is provided at one end of the furnace (1), and a slag discharge pipe (6) is provided at one side of the furnace (1); a sealing door is provided at one side of the slag discharge pipe (6) and one side of the fuel inlet pipe (7); and the bottom inner wall of the slag discharge pipe (6) is flush with the top surface of the air distribution structure (10).

3. The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary air supply structure (3) comprises an air supply pipe fixedly mounted at the middle position of the bottom of the air blower cover (5), and a blower (4) is fixedly mounted at one end of the air supply pipe.

4. The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary air supply structure (2) comprises a riser (201) fixed on the air supply pipe, and a valve is fixedly installed on the riser (201); a ring-shaped pipe (202) sleeved on the outside of the furnace (1) is fixed on the top of the riser (201); and air distribution pipes (203) inserted into the furnace (1) at equal distances are fixed on the inner walls of the ring-shaped pipe (202).

5. The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution structure (10) comprises a conical tube (1001) fixed in an air distribution hole, and the top of the circumferential outer wall of the conical tube (1001) is designed to be conical, and a cover cap (1003) is sleeved on the top of the circumferential outer wall of the conical tube (1001), and the outer diameter of the cover cap (1003) is the same as the outer diameter of the conical tube (1001), and an air guide tube (1002) inserted into the circumferential inner wall of the conical tube (1001) is fixed on the top inner wall of the cover cap (1003), and the top of the air guide tube (1002) is provided with air outlet holes (1004) distributed at equal distances.

6. The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circumferential inner wall of the conical tube (1001) is provided with guide grooves (1005) distributed at equal distances, and a guide column (1006) is fixed between the top and the bottom of the guide groove (1005); a guide sleeve block (1007) is fixed to the bottom of the circumferential outer wall of the air guide tube (1002) and is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide column (1006) at equal distances, and a spring (1008) is fixed between the top of the guide sleeve block (1007) and the top of the guide groove (1005).

7. The uniform air distribution duct for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises mounting grooves provided on both sides of the blast hood (5), and the inner walls of the mounting grooves are fixedly provided with side frames (12), the inner walls of the side frames (12) are fixedly provided with hydraulic cylinders (13), the piston ends of the hydraulic cylinders (13) are fixed to the bottom of the slag discharge support plate (9), and the air distribution plate (8) is provided with guide holes (15) for the piston ends of the hydraulic cylinders (13) to pass through.

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