Solar module, solar car roof and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar module, a solar car roof and electric equipment. The solar assembly comprises a power generation area and a non-power generation area. The solar module comprises a first substrate, a solar power generation layer, a dimming layer and a second substrate which are stacked in sequence. Wherein the solar power generation layer comprises a plurality of double-sided solar cells, and the plurality of double-sided solar cells are located in the power generation area; the dimming layer comprises a first sub-dimming part and a second sub-dimming part; the first sub-dimming part is located in the power generation area, and the second sub-dimming part is located in the non-power generation area; the first sub-dimming part and the second sub-dimming part are configured to be adjustable in light transmittance, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming part is larger than that of the first sub-dimming part. Therefore, the solar module can have both heat insulation performance and light transmission performance, and meanwhile, the generating capacity of the solar module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a solar module, a solar roof and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, are semiconductor devices that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy. As they are green and environmentally friendly products that do not cause environmental pollution, and solar energy is a renewable resource, they are gradually being widely used in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0003] At present, solar cells or solar cell modules are installed on the roof of the car to form a solar roof. As long as there is sunlight, it can provide the car with a steady supply of electricity. It can charge electric vehicles, for example, it can charge the power battery of the electric vehicle, and it can also charge the low-voltage battery in the car, thereby providing electricity for the low-voltage on-board electrical equipment in the car, which can reduce the car's battery anxiety, extend the range of rechargeable electric vehicles, and improve the convenience and flexibility of using electric vehicles.

[0004] In the related technology, the crystalline silicon cells on the solar roof are not easy to bend. For a car roof with a large curvature, the coverage area of ​​the crystalline silicon cells is limited, and the gaps between the crystalline silicon cells are large. In this way, although the lighting inside the car can be better, the power generation of the solar cell components on the roof is low, and the thermal insulation effect of the roof is poor, which increases the load on the vehicle's ventilation system and the endurance pressure. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides a solar module, a solar roof and electrical equipment that can take into account both heat insulation and light transmittance and have a high power generation capacity.

[0006] An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a solar energy component, which includes a power generation area and a non-power generation area; the solar energy component includes a first substrate, a solar power generation layer, a dimming layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence; wherein the solar power generation layer includes a plurality of bifacial solar cells, and the plurality of bifacial solar cells are located in the power generation area; the dimming layer includes a first sub-dimming unit and a second sub-dimming unit; the first sub-dimming unit is located in the power generation area, and the second sub-dimming unit is located in the non-power generation area; the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit are configured to have adjustable light transmittance, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit.

[0007] In one embodiment, it also includes a power storage connection device, which is connected to the solar power generation layer and the dimming layer. The power storage connection device is used to store the electric energy generated by the solar power generation layer. The power storage connection device is also used to provide different voltages to the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit so that the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit is adjustable and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit.

[0008] In one embodiment, the power storage connection device includes a control unit and a power storage unit; the power storage unit includes a battery, a voltage regulation circuit and a DC input circuit; the control unit is electrically connected to the voltage regulation circuit; the battery and the solar power generation layer are electrically connected through the DC input circuit, and the voltage regulation circuit is electrically connected to the battery and the dimming layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the power storage connection device further includes a light sensor, and the light sensor is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0010] In one embodiment, the power storage connection device further includes an input device, and the input device is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0011] In one embodiment, the power storage connection device further includes a maximum power point tracking device, and the maximum power point tracking device is electrically connected to the DC input circuit and the solar power generation layer.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit are arranged in the same layer; the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit have the same structure, both of which include a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a light-controlling layer, a second electrode layer and a second transparent substrate stacked in sequence; the light-controlling layer includes a matrix, a suspended shell structure dispersed in the matrix, and light-controlling particles are distributed in the suspended shell structure; the minimum length of the light-controlling particles is 300nm to 1200nm.

[0013] In one embodiment, it also includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer and a third bonding layer. The first bonding layer is arranged between the first substrate and the solar power generation layer; the second bonding layer is arranged between the solar power generation layer and the dimming layer; the third bonding layer is arranged between the dimming layer and the second substrate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the first adhesive layer is 85% to 100%; the light transmittance of the second adhesive layer is 85% to 100%; and the light transmittance of the third adhesive layer is 0 to 20%.

[0015] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the first substrate is 95% to 100%; the material of the first substrate includes at least one of float glass and ultra-white glass;

[0016] The light transmittance of the second substrate is 0-40%; the material of the second substrate includes at least one of float glass and colored glass; and a metal layer is disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the first substrate.

[0017] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a solar roof, comprising a solar component according to any of the above embodiments.

[0018] An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, including a car and a solar roof according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the solar roof is installed on the top of the car.

[0019] In one embodiment, a center console is provided in the car, and the solar module includes a power storage connection device; the power storage connection device includes a control unit, a power storage unit, a light sensor and an input device; the control unit and the input device are arranged on the center console; the light sensor is arranged on the solar roof; the power storage unit includes a battery, a voltage regulating circuit and a DC input circuit; the battery is arranged on the solar roof; the battery is electrically connected to the solar power generation layer through the DC input circuit; the voltage regulating circuit is electrically connected to the battery and the dimming layer; the control unit is electrically connected to the voltage regulating circuit.

[0020] The above-mentioned solar energy component includes a first substrate, a solar power generation layer, a dimming layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence. By making a plurality of double-sided solar cells of the solar power generation layer located in the power generation area of ​​the solar energy component, the first sub-dimming part of the dimming layer is located in the power generation area of ​​the solar energy component, and the second sub-dimming part of the dimming layer is located in the non-power generation area of ​​the solar energy component, the first sub-dimming part and the second sub-dimming part are configured to have adjustable light transmittance, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming part is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming part. In this way, on the one hand, the heat insulation effect of the solar module can be improved by adjusting the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit, and the light reflected by the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit can be absorbed by the double-sided solar cell sheet, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the solar power generation layer, thereby increasing the power generation of the solar power generation layer; on the other hand, the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming layer can be adjusted according to the intensity of the external light, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit can be made greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit, so that the solar module can have a certain light transmittance; that is, the present application can utilize the adjustable light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit without increasing the power generation area of ​​the solar module, and make the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit, so that the solar module can take into account both heat insulation and light transmittance, and at the same time, improve the power generation of the solar module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar module provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar module provided in some embodiments of the present application in which the dimming layer is in a closed state.

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dimming layer of a solar module in a working state provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0024] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the dimming layer shown in FIG. 3 .

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dimming layer of a solar module provided in some embodiments of the present application in another working state.

[0026] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power storage connection device for a solar module provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0027] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power storage connection device and a central console of a solar module provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0028] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar roof provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Solar roof; 10. Solar panels; 10a. Power generation area; 10b. Non-power generation area;

[0031] 110, first substrate; 120, solar power generation layer; 121, double-sided solar cell; 130, dimming layer; 130a, first sub-dimming unit; 130b, second sub-dimming unit; 131, first transparent substrate; 132, first electrode layer; 133, light control layer; 1331, matrix; 1332, suspended shell structure; 1333, light control particles; 134, second electrode layer; 135, second transparent substrate; 140, second substrate; 150, power storage connection device; 151, power storage unit; 1511, battery; 1512, voltage regulating circuit; 1513, DC input circuit; 152, control unit; 153, light sensor; 154, input device; 155, maximum power point tracking device; 161, first bonding layer; 162, second bonding layer; 163, third bonding layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0034] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0038] At present, solar cells or solar cell modules are installed on the roof of the car to form a solar roof. As long as there is sunlight, it can provide the car with a steady supply of electricity. It can charge electric vehicles, for example, it can charge the power battery of the electric vehicle, and it can also charge the low-voltage battery in the car, thereby providing electricity for the low-voltage on-board electrical equipment in the car, which can reduce the car's battery anxiety, extend the range of rechargeable electric vehicles, and improve the convenience and flexibility of using electric vehicles.

[0039] In the related technology, the crystalline silicon cells on the solar roof are not easy to bend. For a car roof with a large curvature, the coverage area of ​​the crystalline silicon cells is limited, and the gaps between the crystalline silicon cells are large. In this way, although the lighting inside the car can be better, the power generation of the solar cell components on the roof is low, and the thermal insulation effect of the roof is poor, which increases the load on the vehicle's ventilation system and the endurance pressure.

[0040] Based on the above technical problems, the present application provides a solar energy module, a solar roof and electrical equipment that can take into account both thermal insulation and light transmittance and have a high power generation capacity.

[0041] In the first aspect, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides a solar module 10, which includes a power generation area 10a and a non-power generation area 10b; the solar module 10 includes a first substrate 110, a solar power generation layer 120, a dimming layer 130 and a second substrate 140 stacked in sequence; wherein the solar power generation layer 120 includes a plurality of bifacial solar cells 121, and the plurality of bifacial solar cells 121 are located in the power generation area 10a; the dimming layer 130 includes a first sub-dimming unit 130a and a second sub-dimming unit 130b; the first sub-dimming unit 130a is located in the power generation area 10a, and the second sub-dimming unit 130b is located in the non-power generation area 10b; the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b are configured to have adjustable light transmittance, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a.

[0042] It should be noted that the bifacial solar cell 121 may include at least one of a bifacial crystalline silicon cell and a bifacial thin film cell, wherein the crystalline silicon cell includes an HJT cell (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin Film), a TOPCon cell (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), a PERC cell (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell), an interdigitated back contact cell (IBC), a passivated emitter back surface fully diffused cell (referred to as N-type PERT cell), etc. The thin film cell may include an amorphous silicon thin film cell, a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin film cell, a cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film cell, a gallium arsenide (GaAs) thin film cell, a perovskite thin film cell, a perovskite stacked cell, etc.

[0043] The solar module 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a first substrate 110, a solar power generation layer 120, a dimming layer 130 and a second substrate 140 stacked in sequence. The plurality of bifacial solar cells of the solar power generation layer 120 are located in the power generation area 10a of the solar module 10, the first sub-dimming unit 130a of the dimming layer 130 is located in the power generation area 10a of the solar module 10, and the second sub-dimming unit 130b of the dimming layer 130 is located in the non-power generation area 10b of the solar module 10. The first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b are configured to have adjustable light transmittance, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a. In this way, on the one hand, the heat insulation effect of the solar module 10 can be improved by adjusting the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b, and the light reflected by the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be absorbed by the double-sided solar cell sheet 121, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the solar power generation layer 120, thereby increasing the power generation of the solar power generation layer 120; on the other hand, the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming layer can be adjusted according to the intensity of the external light, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be increased. The light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a, so that the solar module 10 can have a certain light transmittance; that is, the present application can make the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b adjustable without increasing the area of ​​the power generation area 10a of the solar module 10, and make the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a, so that the solar module 10 can take into account both heat insulation and light transmittance, and at the same time, increase the power generation of the solar module 10.

[0044] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in one of the embodiments, it also includes a power storage connection device 150, which is connected to the solar power generation layer 120 and the dimming layer 130. The power storage connection device 150 is used to store the electric energy generated by the solar power generation layer 120. The power storage connection device 150 is also used to provide different voltages to the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b, so that the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be adjusted, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a.

[0045] Thus, the electric energy generated by the solar power generation layer 120 is stored through the power storage connection device 150 so as to supply power to the first sub-dimming unit 130a, the second sub-dimming unit 130b and other electrical equipment connected to the solar module 10, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b, so that the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a, so that the solar module 10 can take into account both heat insulation and light transmittance, and at the same time, increase the power generation of the solar module 10.

[0046] As shown in FIG6 and FIG7, in one embodiment, the power storage connection device 150 includes a control unit 152 and a power storage unit 151; the power storage unit 151 includes a storage battery 1511, a voltage regulating circuit 1512 and a DC input circuit 1513; the control unit 152 is electrically connected to the voltage regulating circuit 1512; the storage battery 1511 is electrically connected to the solar power generation layer 120 through the DC input circuit 1513; the voltage regulating circuit 1512 is electrically connected to the storage battery 1511 and the dimming layer 130. In a specific example, the control unit 152 may include a control chip.

[0047] It is understandable that the voltage regulating circuit 1512 can adjust the voltage loaded by the battery 1511 to the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b according to the signal output by the control unit 152, and the voltage regulating circuit 1512 may include a universal circuit.

[0048] Therefore, the electric energy generated by the solar power generation layer 120 can be conveniently stored through the battery 1511, and the voltage regulating circuit 1512 can be controlled by the control unit 152, so as to conveniently adjust the voltage loaded by the battery 1511 to the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b, and then the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be conveniently adjusted.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the power storage connection device 150 further includes a light sensor 153 , which is electrically connected to the control unit 152 ; the light sensor 153 is used to detect light intensity.

[0050] Therefore, the control unit 152 can control the voltage regulating circuit 1512 according to the light intensity detected by the light sensor 153, adjust the voltage loaded by the battery 1511 to the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b, and then conveniently adjust the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b. In other words, the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be adjusted in real time according to factors such as weather conditions, so that the solar module 10 can adapt to different scenes and environments, thereby improving the applicability of the solar module 10.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the power storage connection device 150 further includes an input device 154 , and the input device 154 is electrically connected to the control unit 152 .

[0052] Therefore, a specific voltage signal can be input through the input device 154 or different working modes (for example, a heat insulation priority mode, a power generation priority mode, etc.) can be selected, so that the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be conveniently adjusted to meet the different needs of customers.

[0053] It is understandable that the heat insulation priority mode refers to reducing the light passing through the solar module 10. When the solar module 10 is applied to the sunroof of a car, the heat insulation priority mode refers to blocking the light from entering the car. For example, the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit 130b can be set to the minimum value to block the light from entering the car to the maximum extent. The power generation priority mode refers to adjusting the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b so that the light is reflected to the double-sided solar cell 121 as much as possible, thereby increasing the power generation of the solar power generation layer 120.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the power storage connection device 150 further includes a maximum power point tracking device 155 , and the maximum power point tracking device 155 is electrically connected to the DC input circuit 1513 and the solar power generation layer 120 .

[0055] Therefore, by electrically connecting the maximum power point tracking device 155 to the DC input circuit 1513 and the solar power generation layer 120 , the output power of the double-sided solar cell 121 can be kept near the maximum power point, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation layer 120 .

[0056] In one embodiment, the first dimming sub-unit 130a and the second dimming sub-unit 130b may both adopt one of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) dimming film, a suspended particle (SPD) dimming film, and an electrochromic (EC) dimming film.

[0057] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 , in one embodiment, the first sub-dimming unit 130a and the second sub-dimming unit 130b have the same structure, and both include a first transparent substrate 131, a first electrode layer 132, a light control layer 133, a second electrode layer 134, and a second transparent substrate 135 stacked in sequence; the light control layer 133 includes a matrix 1331, a suspended shell structure 1332 dispersed in the matrix 1331, and light control particles 1333 are distributed in the suspended shell structure 1332; the minimum length of the light control particles 1333 is 300nm to 1200nm. The first electrode layer 132 and the second electrode layer 134 are respectively connected to the voltage regulating circuit 152.

[0058] In a specific example, the material of the first transparent substrate 131 may include an organic or inorganic transparent non-conductive material, specifically polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The material of the second transparent substrate 135 also includes an organic or inorganic transparent non-conductive material, specifically polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0059] In a specific example, the materials of the first electrode layer 132 and the second electrode layer 134 can both be transparent conductive materials, specifically In2O3:Sn (ITO), SnO2:F (FTO), ZnO:Al (AZO), carbon nanotubes, graphene, organic polymer conductive materials and / or silver nanowires.

[0060] In a specific example, the material of the matrix 1331 may be an organic polymer material, which can disperse the light-controlling particles 1333 and prevent the light-controlling particles 1333 from contacting and agglomerating with each other.

[0061] In a specific example, the light-controlling particles 1333 can be formed by hybridization of inorganic-organic nanomaterials, and can be in the shape of long rods. The light-controlling particles 1333 have a certain polarization ability, and will deflect at a consistent angle under the action of an electric field. Specifically, as shown in FIG2, when there is no electric field (off state, no external voltage input), the light-controlling particles 1333 are arranged in a disordered state in the matrix 1331, and only a very small amount of light is transmitted. The macroscopic manifestation is that when the dimming layer 130 is in the off state, the light transmittance is less than 1%. At this time, the light is randomly reflected to the back of the double-sided solar cell 121, providing a small amount of power generation gain for the double-sided solar cell 121. As shown in FIG3, when the light-controlling particles 1333 are input with an intermediate voltage, the light-controlling particles 1333 are arranged regularly at a certain angle in the matrix 1331, and the deflection angle is between 0 and 90°; part of the light is reflected back to the back battery, and part of the light passes through the light-controlling film layer. As shown in FIG5 , when the light-controlling particles 1333 have a set maximum voltage input, the light-controlling particles 1333 are arranged vertically and regularly in the matrix 1331. At this time, the deflection angle is 90°, and most of the light passes through the light-controlling film layer. Since the long rod structure has a certain diameter, part of the light will also be reflected. In addition to the factors of other layers, the transmittance of the dimming layer 130 is less than 100%, and the transmittance of the dimming layer 130 is less than 70%.

[0062] In a specific example, the material of the suspended shell structure 1332 may be an oily organic substance, which can reduce the probability of contact and aggregation between the light-controlling particles 1333 .

[0063] In a specific example, the minimum length of the light-controlling particle 1333 is 400nm to 1100nm. Preferably, the minimum length of the light-controlling particle 1333 can also be 500nm to 800nm, 400nm to 900nm, or 300nm to 800nm. The minimum length of the light-controlling particle 1333 can be designed according to the type of bifacial solar cell and its response band to improve the dimming and light-controlling effects of the dimming layer 130, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance and power generation of the solar module 10.

[0064] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 5, in one embodiment, it also includes a first bonding layer 161, a second bonding layer 162 and a third bonding layer 163. The first bonding layer 161 is arranged between the first substrate 110 and the solar power generation layer 120; the second bonding layer 162 is arranged between the solar power generation layer 120 and the dimming layer 130; the third bonding layer 163 is arranged between the dimming layer 130 and the second substrate 140.

[0065] In this way, different layers of the solar module 10 can be tightly bonded together to form a whole.

[0066] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the first adhesive layer 161 is 85% to 100%; the light transmittance of the second adhesive layer 162 is 85% to 100%; and the light transmittance of the third adhesive layer 163 is 0 to 20%.

[0067] Thus, the light blocking by the first adhesive layer 161 and the second adhesive layer 162 can be reduced, which is beneficial for the solar power generation layer 120 to generate electricity using light energy. The third adhesive layer 163 can be used to reduce the light passing through the second substrate 140, which is beneficial for improving the thermal insulation effect of the solar module 10.

[0068] In a specific example, the materials of the first adhesive layer 161 and the second adhesive layer 162 can be high molecular polymers, specifically, polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The materials of the third adhesive layer 163 include polyvinyl butyral and a light blocking agent.

[0069] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the first substrate 110 is 95% to 100%; the material of the first substrate 110 may be a high molecular polymer, specifically, the first substrate 110 may be a float glass, preferably, the first substrate 110 may be a low-iron ultra-white glass, by strictly controlling the content of coloring particles such as iron on the basis of float glass, an ultra-low iron content in the glass component is achieved, thereby improving the light transmittance of the glass.

[0070] Therefore, light can be absorbed by the solar power generation layer 120 through the first substrate 110 , which is beneficial for the solar power generation layer 120 to generate electricity.

[0071] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the second substrate 140 is 0-40%; the material of the second substrate 140 may be a polymer, specifically, the second substrate 140 may be glass, preferably, the first substrate 110 may be float glass, preferably, the first substrate 110 may be colored glass, and by doping the glass with infrared absorbing metal ions (such as iron, cobalt, nickel), cerium dioxide, etc., it absorbs ultraviolet rays, visible light and infrared rays in sunlight, blocks heat, and improves the thermal insulation performance of the solar module 10.

[0072] In one embodiment, a metal layer (not shown in the figure) is disposed on a side of the second substrate 140 facing away from the first substrate 110 .

[0073] Therefore, the light passing through the second substrate 140 can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to improving the heat insulation effect of the solar module 10 .

[0074] As shown in FIG. 8 , in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a solar roof 1 , comprising a solar component 10 according to any of the above embodiments.

[0075] Therefore, the solar roof 1 can have both heat insulation and light transmittance, and at the same time, the power generation of the solar roof 1 can be improved.

[0076] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including a car and a solar roof 1 according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the solar roof 1 is installed on the top of the car. Thus, the car roof can have both heat insulation and light transmittance, extend the car's cruising range, and improve the user experience.

[0077] The car can be a family car, a bus, a golf cart, a rechargeable electric car, etc. Thus, the battery can be provided for the on-board electrical devices inside the car, reducing the consumption of gasoline, diesel and natural gas, extending the range of the rechargeable electric car, and improving the convenience and flexibility of the use of the electric car.

[0078] As shown in FIG7 , in one embodiment, a center console is provided in the car, and the solar module 10 includes a power storage connection device 150, and the power storage connection device 150 includes a control unit 152, a power storage unit 151, a light sensor 153 and an input device 154; the power storage unit 151 includes a battery 1511, a voltage regulating circuit 1512 and a DC input circuit 1513; the control unit 152 and the input device 154 are arranged on the center console; the light sensor 153 is arranged on the solar roof 1; the power storage unit 151 includes a battery 1511, a voltage regulating circuit 1512 and a DC input circuit 1513; the battery 1511 is arranged on the solar roof 1; the battery 1511 is electrically connected to the solar power generation layer 120 through the DC input circuit 1513; the voltage regulating circuit 1512 is electrically connected to the battery 1511 and the dimming layer 130; the control unit 152 is electrically connected to the voltage regulating circuit 1512.

[0079] Therefore, the user can control the dimming layer 130 of the solar panel 10 through the center console in the car, which is convenient and simple to operate, can meet the user's usage needs, and is conducive to improving the user's usage experience.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0081] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A solar panel, characterized in that: The solar energy assembly includes a power generation area and a non-power generation area; The solar module comprises a first substrate, a solar power generation layer, a dimming layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence; Among them, the solar power generation layer includes a plurality of bifacial solar cells, and the plurality of bifacial solar cells are located in the power generation area; the dimming layer includes a first sub-dimming unit and a second sub-dimming unit; the first sub-dimming unit is located in the power generation area, and the second sub-dimming unit is located in the non-power generation area; the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit are configured to have adjustable light transmittance, and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit.

2. The solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a power storage connection device, which is connected to the solar power generation layer and the dimming layer. The power storage connection device is used to store the electric energy generated by the solar power generation layer. The power storage connection device is also used to provide different voltages to the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit so that the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit is adjustable and the light transmittance of the second sub-dimming unit is greater than the light transmittance of the first sub-dimming unit.

3. The solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power storage connection device includes a control unit and a power storage unit, the power storage unit includes a battery, a voltage regulation circuit and a DC input circuit; the control unit is electrically connected to the voltage regulation circuit; the battery and the solar power generation layer are electrically connected through the DC input circuit, and the voltage regulation circuit is electrically connected to the battery and the dimming layer.

4. The solar module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power storage connection device further includes a light sensor, and the light sensor is electrically connected to the control unit.

5. The solar module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power storage connection device further includes an input device electrically connected to the control unit.

6. The solar module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power storage connection device further includes a maximum power point tracking device, and the maximum power point tracking device is electrically connected to the DC input circuit and the solar power generation layer.

7. The solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit are arranged in the same layer; the first sub-dimming unit and the second sub-dimming unit have the same structure, both of which include a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a light-controlling layer, a second electrode layer and a second transparent substrate stacked in sequence; the light-controlling layer includes a matrix, a suspended shell structure dispersed in the matrix, and light-controlling particles are distributed in the suspended shell structure; the minimum length of the light-controlling particles is 300nm to 1200nm.

8. The solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer and a third bonding layer. The first bonding layer is arranged between the first substrate and the solar power generation layer; the second bonding layer is arranged between the solar power generation layer and the dimming layer; and the third bonding layer is arranged between the dimming layer and the second substrate.

9. The solar module according to claim 8, characterized in that The light transmittance of the first bonding layer is 85% to 100%; the light transmittance of the second bonding layer is 85% to 100%; and the light transmittance of the third bonding layer is 0 to 20%.

10. The solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light transmittance of the first substrate is 95% to 100%; the material of the first substrate includes at least one of float glass and ultra-white glass; The light transmittance of the second substrate is 0-40%; the material of the second substrate includes at least one of float glass and colored glass; and a metal layer is disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the first substrate.

11. A solar roof, characterized in that: The invention comprises a solar module according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An electrical device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a car and the solar roof according to claim 11, wherein the solar roof is installed on the top of the car.

13. The electrical equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that: A center console is provided in the automobile, and the solar module includes a power storage connection device, which includes a control unit, a power storage unit, a light sensor and an input device; the control unit and the input device are arranged on the center console; the light sensor is arranged on the solar roof; the power storage unit includes a battery, a voltage regulating circuit and a DC input circuit; the battery is arranged on the solar roof; the battery is electrically connected to the solar power generation layer through the DC input circuit; the voltage regulating circuit is electrically connected to the battery and the dimming layer; the control unit is electrically connected to the voltage regulating circuit.

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