Rural sewage treatment device with low energy consumption
By using biofilm technology and solar-assisted power supply sewage treatment devices in rural sewage treatment, the problems of high energy consumption and large land consumption of traditional activated sludge methods are solved, and low-energy consumption and high-efficiency sewage treatment are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421051250.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-15
AI Technical Summary
The traditional activated sludge method used in rural sewage treatment has problems such as high energy consumption, large land occupation and high operating costs.
A low-energy consumption rural sewage treatment device is adopted, including solar photovoltaic panels, batteries, sewage treatment equipment and sensor components. The sewage treatment equipment consists of a first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, a second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit and a third-stage downflow biological filtration unit. It uses biofilm technology and solar energy to assist power supply to reduce energy consumption.
Through biofilm technology, we can improve sewage treatment efficiency, use solar energy to assist power supply to reduce energy consumption, realize low-energy wastewater treatment, and reduce operating costs and floor area.
Smart Images
Figure CN222556715U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a low-energy consumption rural sewage treatment device. Background Art
[0002] Rural domestic sewage mainly comes from sewage generated by rural residents' activities, including flushing toilets, washing, bathing and kitchen drainage. It has the characteristics of dispersed discharge, complex sewage composition, relatively high pollutant concentration and large water quality fluctuations. It is difficult to treat it on a large scale. The treatment process of traditional sewage treatment plants is not suitable. It is urgent to choose a sewage treatment facility suitable for the characteristics of rural domestic sewage. If rural sewage is discharged directly without proper treatment, it will seriously pollute the environment and destroy the ecological balance. At the same time, it may cause long-term pollution to groundwater and surface water, threatening the safety and utilization of rural water resources. The integrated device for rural sewage treatment has the characteristics of small footprint, short construction period and low operation and maintenance frequency. It is particularly suitable for areas with dispersed rural layout and has become the mainstream method for rural domestic sewage treatment. For this reason, it is crucial to establish an integrated treatment device in rural areas to protect the environment and reduce water pollution.
[0003] The anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic activated sludge process is a widely used treatment technology for domestic sewage treatment, which can remove organic matter, suspended matter, nutrients, etc. in sewage. However, the activated sludge process requires a large amount of aeration to maintain the activity of microorganisms in the sludge in order to decompose organic matter, and the aeration process consumes a lot of electricity; in addition, the activated sludge process also requires regular return of sludge to maintain the sludge concentration in the biological reactor, resulting in increased energy consumption; therefore, the use of the activated sludge process for rural sewage treatment has the problem of high energy consumption and operating costs. In addition, the activated sludge process also has the problem of occupying a large area. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a low-energy consumption rural sewage treatment device to solve one or more technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0005] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A low-energy rural sewage treatment device comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, sewage treatment equipment and a sensor assembly, wherein the solar panel is electrically connected to the storage battery, the sewage treatment equipment comprises a primary downflow biological filtration unit, a secondary upflow aeration filtration unit and a tertiary downflow biological filtration unit which are connected in sequence, the storage battery is electrically connected to the primary downflow biological filtration unit, the secondary upflow aeration filtration unit, the tertiary downflow biological filtration unit and the sensor assembly respectively, and the sensor assembly is arranged in the primary downflow biological filtration unit and the tertiary downflow biological filtration unit respectively.
[0007] Preferably, it also includes an ACDC power supply and a power controller, the ACDC power supply and the battery are electrically connected to the power controller, and the power controller is respectively connected to the first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, the second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit and the third-stage downflow biological filtration unit.
[0008] Preferably, the first-stage downflow biological filtration unit comprises an inlet pipe, a sewage lifting pump and a first biofilm filter, the input end of the first biofilm filter is provided with the inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is connected to the sewage lifting pump; the second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit comprises a second biofilm filter, an aeration pipe and an aeration blower, one end of the aeration pipe is connected to the aeration blower, and the other end of the aeration pipe extends to the bottom of the second biofilm filter; the third-stage downflow biological filtration unit comprises a third biofilm filter and an outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is provided in the third biofilm filter output end of the first biofilm filter; the output end of the first biofilm filter is connected to the input end of the second biofilm filter, the output end of the second biofilm filter is connected to the input end of the third biofilm filter, the water flow direction of the first biofilm filter and the third biofilm filter is from top to bottom, and the water flow direction of the second biofilm filter is from bottom to top; the first biofilm filter, the second biofilm filter and the third biofilm filter are all filled with floating filter materials, and the first biofilm filter, the second biofilm filter and the third biofilm filter are all tower biofilters.
[0009] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes a DO sensor, a liquid level sensor and a pH sensor; the pH sensor is provided in the first biofilm filter; and the DO sensor and the liquid level sensor are provided in the third biofilm filter.
[0010] Preferably, the sewage treatment equipment also includes a water inlet tank and a grille filter structure, the water inlet tank is arranged above the first biofilm filter, the water inlet tank is connected to the input end of the first biofilm filter, the grille filter structure is horizontally arranged in the water inlet tank, and the water inlet pipe is located above the grille filter structure.
[0011] Preferably, the sewage treatment equipment also includes a first water distribution structure and a second water distribution structure, the first water distribution structure is arranged at the bottom of the first biofilm filter and the second biofilm filter, and the first water distribution structure is respectively connected to the first biofilm filter and the second biofilm filter, the second water distribution structure is arranged at the bottom of the third biofilm filter, and the second water distribution filter is respectively connected to the third biofilm filter and the outlet pipe.
[0012] Preferably, the sewage treatment equipment also includes a third water distribution structure and a return water pipe. The third water distribution structure is arranged above the second biofilm filter. The third water distribution structure is respectively connected to the second biofilm filter, the third biofilm filter and one end of the return water pipe. The other end of the return water pipe is connected to the water inlet tank. There is a height difference between the top of the second biofilm filter and the top of the third biofilm filter.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by setting up a sewage treatment device formed by a first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, a second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit and a third-stage downflow biological filtration unit, by utilizing the fixed specificity of the bacterial species in each biological filtration unit, a stable biofilm can be formed on the filter material in each biological filtration unit to adapt to the environmental conditions of each biological filtration unit, improve the sewage treatment efficiency, and compared with the prior art, this method has lower operating energy consumption. In addition, the utility model further reduces the energy consumption of sewage treatment by setting up solar photovoltaic panels to assist in powering the sewage treatment equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] The accompanying drawings further illustrate the present invention, but the contents in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of one embodiment of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sewage treatment device in one embodiment of the utility model.
[0017] Among them: a first biofilm filter 1, a second biofilm filter 2, a third biofilm filter 3, an aeration pipe 4, a water inlet pipe 5, a sewage lifting pump 6, an aeration blower 7, a floating filter material 8, a water inlet tank 9, a grid filter structure 10, a first water distribution structure 11, a second water distribution structure 12, a water outlet pipe 13, a third water distribution structure 14, and a return pipe 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The technical solution of the utility model is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.
[0019] A low-energy rural sewage treatment device of this embodiment includes a solar photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a sewage treatment device and a sensor assembly, wherein the solar panel is electrically connected to the storage battery, the sewage treatment device includes a first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, a second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit and a third-stage downflow biological filtration unit which are connected in sequence, the storage battery is electrically connected to the first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, the second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit, the third-stage downflow biological filtration unit and the sensor assembly respectively, and the sensor assembly is arranged in the first-stage downflow biological filtration unit and the third-stage downflow biological filtration unit respectively. This embodiment forms a sewage treatment device by arranging a first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, a second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit and a third-stage downflow biological filtration unit, and utilizes the fixed specificity of the bacterial species in each biological filtration unit to form a stable biofilm on the filter material in each biological filtration unit to adapt to the environmental conditions of each biological filtration unit, improve the sewage treatment efficiency, and compared with the common biofilm sewage treatment process in the prior art, this method has lower operating energy consumption. In addition, this embodiment is also provided with solar photovoltaic panels and batteries. The batteries are used to store the electric energy converted by the solar photovoltaic panels. Thus, the solar photovoltaic panels are used to provide auxiliary power to the sewage treatment equipment, further reducing the energy consumption of sewage treatment.
[0020] Preferably, it also includes an ACDC power supply and a power controller, the ACDC power supply and the battery are both electrically connected to the power controller, and the power controller is respectively connected to the first-stage downflow biofiltration unit, the second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit, and the third-stage downflow biofiltration unit. By setting the power controller, when the voltage of the battery is greater than the set value, the battery directly supplies power to the sewage treatment equipment, and when the voltage of the battery is less than the set value, the power controller switches to the ACDC power supply for power supply, so that when the solar photovoltaic panel cannot generate enough electricity, it switches to the ACDC power supply for power supply to maintain the normal operation of the device, so that the device can reduce dependence on non-renewable energy while operating continuously, thereby further achieving low energy consumption.
[0021] Preferably, the first-stage downflow biological filtration unit comprises an inlet pipe 5, a sewage lifting pump 6 and a first biofilm filter 1, wherein the input end of the first biofilm filter 1 is provided with an inlet pipe 5, and the inlet pipe 5 is connected to the sewage lifting pump 6; the second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit comprises a second biofilm filter 2, an aeration pipe 4 and an aeration blower 7, one end of the aeration pipe 4 is connected to the aeration blower 7, and the other end of the aeration pipe 4 extends to the bottom of the second biofilm filter 2; the third-stage downflow biological filtration unit comprises a third biofilm filter 3 and an outlet pipe 13, and the outlet pipe 13 is arranged at the third biofilm filter 3. The output end of the membrane filter 3; the output end of the first biomembrane filter 1 is connected to the input end of the second biomembrane filter 2, the output end of the second biomembrane filter 2 is connected to the input end of the third biomembrane filter 3, the water flow direction of the first biomembrane filter 1 and the third biomembrane filter 3 is from top to bottom, and the water flow direction of the second biomembrane filter 2 is from bottom to top; the first biomembrane filter 1, the second biomembrane filter 2 and the third biomembrane filter 3 are all filled with floating filter materials 8, and the first biomembrane filter 1, the second biomembrane filter 2 and the third biomembrane filter 3 are all tower biofilters.
[0022] The first biofilm filter 1, the second biofilm filter 2 and the third biofilm filter 3 arranged in this embodiment all adopt tower-type biofilters, thereby utilizing the fixed specificity of the bacterial species in each filter to form a stable biofilm on the filter material in each filter to adapt to the environmental conditions of each filter and improve the sewage treatment efficiency; the use of tower-type biofilters also makes the overall structure of the device more compact and reduces the overall footprint; the use of tower-type biofilters can also optimize the layout of the aeration pipe 4 and reduce aeration energy consumption; by arranging the water inlet pipe 5 connected to the sewage lifting pump 6 for introducing sewage, and arranging the aeration pipe 4 connected to the aeration blower 7, the second biofilm filter 2 is in an aerobic state, thereby the operation of the sewage treatment pump and the aeration blower 7 enables the integrated device of this embodiment to realize automatic treatment of rural sewage without manual supervision, which greatly reduces labor costs and operating difficulty.
[0023] The water flow direction of the first biofilm filter 1 is from top to bottom, and it is used for pre-filtering and pre-treatment of sewage, denitrification, denitrification and dephosphorization, and removal of organic matter. The floating filter material 8 in the first biofilm filter 1 has a high removal rate of suspended solids, and the pre-treatment effect is reliable; the organic matter in the sewage is fully utilized as a carbon source, which promotes the growth of heterotrophic bacteria and reduces the amount of sludge discharged from the filter; the denitrifying biofilm grows well under anoxic conditions, achieving efficient denitrification of sewage; at the same time, heterotrophic bacteria can also effectively absorb phosphorus; the floating ceramsite used has a density similar to that of water, which is easy to flush and fluidize, avoiding the problem of filter material compaction.
[0024] The water flow direction of the second biofilm filter 2 is from bottom to top, which is used to nitrify ammonia nitrogen in sewage. The use of floating ceramsite as floating filter material 8 improves oxygen utilization and reduces aeration energy consumption. The end of the aeration pipe 4 extends to the bottom of the second biofilm filter 2 so that the flow direction of oxygen and sewage is the same, so that the floating ceramsite has good self-cleaning conditions and the biofilm is updated quickly. Under low BOD5 conditions, the nitrification efficiency is high, which is conducive to the growth of nitrifying bacteria. The second biofilm filter 2 also uses special floating ceramsite, which has a small filtration head loss and further improves the filtration efficiency.
[0025] The third-stage downflow water flow direction of the third biofilm filter 3 is from bottom to top, which is used to filter suspended particles and deeply remove phosphorus and nitrogen. By further removing suspended particles, the effluent water quality is stabilized to meet the standard; if it is necessary to further remove total phosphorus and total nitrogen to improve the discharge standard, it is only necessary to add a flocculant mechanism and a carbon source delivery mechanism to deliver flocculants and carbon sources to the output end of the second biofilm filter 2 to achieve the removal of total phosphorus and total nitrogen.
[0026] The sensor assembly includes a DO sensor, a liquid level sensor and a pH sensor. The first biofilm filter 1 is provided with a pH sensor, and the third biofilm filter 3 is provided with a DO sensor and a liquid level sensor. The DO sensor is used to monitor the dissolved oxygen in the filter, and is linked with the fan to control the start and stop of the fan by the level of dissolved oxygen to reduce energy consumption. The liquid level sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in the biofilm filter, and is linked with the reflux pump to control the start and stop of the reflux pump by the level of liquid to reduce energy consumption. The pH sensor is used to monitor the pH value of each biofilm filter.
[0027] Preferably, the sewage treatment equipment also includes an inlet pool 9 and a grid filter structure 10. The inlet pool 9 is arranged above the first biofilm filter 1. The inlet pool 9 is connected to the input end of the first biofilm filter 1. The grid filter structure 10 is horizontally arranged in the inlet pool 9, and the inlet pipe 5 is located above the grid filter structure 10. By arranging the inlet pool 9 above the first biofilm filter 1, the sewage can be temporarily stored and regulated in the inlet pool 9 before entering the first biofilm filter 1, so as to stabilize the flow rate of the sewage entering and ensure the efficient operation of the sewage treatment process. The grid filter structure 10 is arranged in the inlet pool 9, so that the sewage first passes through the interception of the grid filter structure 10 and then enters the first biofilm filter 1, effectively removing larger suspended matter and impurities in the sewage, preventing impurities from clogging and damaging the biofilm filter, and the self-cleaning of the grid filter structure 10 can be maintained when the treated sewage in the first biofilm filter 1 is backwashed.
[0028] Furthermore, the sewage treatment equipment also includes a first water distribution structure 11 and a second water distribution structure 12. The first water distribution structure 11 is arranged at the bottom of the first biofilm filter 1 and the second biofilm filter 2, and the first water distribution structure 11 is respectively connected to the first biofilm filter 1 and the second biofilm filter 2. The second water distribution structure 12 is arranged at the bottom of the third biofilm filter 3, and the second water distribution filter is respectively connected to the third biofilm filter and the outlet pipe 13. Thus, by setting the first water distribution structure 11 and the second water distribution structure 12, the output end of the first biofilm filter 1 is connected to the input end of the second biofilm filter 2, and the output end of the third biofilm filter 3 is connected to the outlet pipe 13.
[0029] Furthermore, the sewage treatment equipment also includes a third water distribution structure 14 and a return water pipe 15. The third water distribution structure 14 is arranged above the second biofilm filter 2. The third water distribution structure 14 is respectively connected to the second biofilm filter 2, the third biofilm filter 3 and one end of the return water pipe 15. The other end of the return water pipe 15 is connected to the water inlet pool 9. There is a height difference between the top of the second biofilm filter 2 and the top of the third biofilm filter 3. Thus, by setting the third water distribution structure 14, the output end of the second biofilm filter 2 is connected to the input end of the third biofilm filter 3. The return water pipe 15 is set to connect the input end of the second biofilm filter 2 with the water inlet pool 9. When the water inlet flow rate of the second biofilm filter 2 is greater than the water outlet flow rate, the overflowed sewage enters the water inlet pool 9 again through the return water pipe 15, which plays a buffering role and ensures the stability of the device operation. By setting the top of the second biofilm filter 2 higher than the top of the third biofilm filter 3, there is a height difference between the top of the second biofilm filter 2 and the top of the third biofilm filter 3, thereby utilizing the effect of gravity to ensure that the water flow direction of the third biofilm filter 3 is from top to bottom. The first water distribution structure 11, the second water distribution structure 12 and the third water distribution structure 14 can all use water distributors or water distribution tanks.
[0030] The technical principle of the present invention is described above in combination with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations here, technicians in this field can think of other specific implementation methods of the present invention without creative work, and these methods will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device, characterized in that: It includes a solar photovoltaic panel, a battery, a sewage treatment device and a sensor component, wherein the solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery, the sewage treatment device includes a primary downflow biological filtration unit, a secondary upflow aeration filtration unit and a tertiary downflow biological filtration unit which are connected in sequence, the battery is electrically connected to the primary downflow biological filtration unit, the secondary upflow aeration filtration unit, the tertiary downflow biological filtration unit and the sensor component respectively, and the sensor component is respectively arranged in the primary downflow biological filtration unit, the secondary upflow aeration filtration unit and the tertiary downflow biological filtration unit.
2. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an ACDC power supply and a power controller, wherein the ACDC power supply and the battery are electrically connected to the power controller, and the power controller is respectively connected to the first-stage downflow biological filtration unit, the second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit and the third-stage downflow biological filtration unit.
3. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage downflow biological filtration unit includes an inlet pipe, a sewage lifting pump and a first biofilm filter. The inlet pipe is provided at the input end of the first biofilm filter, and the inlet pipe is connected to the sewage lifting pump. The second-stage upflow aeration filtration unit includes a second biofilm filter, an aeration pipe and an aeration blower. One end of the aeration pipe is connected to the aeration blower, and the other end of the aeration pipe extends to the bottom of the second biofilm filter. The third-stage downflow biological filtration unit includes a third biofilm filter and an outlet pipe. The outlet pipe is provided at the inlet end of the third biofilm filter. output end; the output end of the first biofilm filter is connected to the input end of the second biofilm filter, the output end of the second biofilm filter is connected to the input end of the third biofilm filter, the water flow direction of the first biofilm filter and the third biofilm filter is from top to bottom, and the water flow direction of the second biofilm filter is from bottom to top; the first biofilm filter, the second biofilm filter and the third biofilm filter are all filled with floating filter materials, and the first biofilm filter, the second biofilm filter and the third biofilm filter are all tower biofilters.
4. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensor assembly includes a DO sensor, a liquid level sensor and a pH sensor. The pH sensor is arranged in the first biofilm filter, and the DO sensor and the liquid level sensor are arranged in the third biofilm filter.
5. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sewage treatment equipment also includes an inlet pool and a grille filter structure. The inlet pool is arranged above the first biofilm filter. The inlet pool is connected to the input end of the first biofilm filter. The grille filter structure is horizontally arranged in the inlet pool. The inlet pipe is located above the grille filter structure.
6. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sewage treatment equipment also includes a first water distribution structure and a second water distribution structure. The first water distribution structure is arranged at the bottom of the first biofilm filter and the second biofilm filter, and the first water distribution structure is respectively connected to the first biofilm filter and the second biofilm filter. The second water distribution structure is arranged at the bottom of the third biofilm filter, and the second water distribution structure is respectively connected to the third biofilm filter and the outlet pipe.
7. A low-energy rural sewage treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sewage treatment equipment also includes a third water distribution structure and a return water pipe. The third water distribution structure is arranged above the second biofilm filter. The third water distribution structure is respectively connected with the second biofilm filter, the third biofilm filter and one end of the return water pipe. The other end of the return water pipe is connected with the water inlet tank. There is a height difference between the top of the second biofilm filter and the top of the third biofilm filter.