Dimming film and dimming assembly
By installing organic particles in the hardened layer of the EC dimming film, a microscopic convex structure is formed, which enhances the bonding force and stress absorption capacity between layers, and solves the problems of abnormal conductivity and uneven color distortion after multiple discoloration cycles.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420617718.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-28
AI Technical Summary
After the existing EC dimming films are used multiple times under the action of heat and pressure, the interfaces in the hardened layer, the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC discoloration functional layer are prone to separation, resulting in abnormal conductivity, uneven color discoloration and even large-area pittings and color blocks.
By setting several organic particles in the hardened layer, the particle size is greater than the thickness of the hardened layer, a microstructure with different heights is formed, the bonding force between the hardened layer and the ITO transparent conductive layer is increased, and deformation stress caused by different thermal expansion coefficients is absorbed through the microscopic protrusions to avoid interlayer peeling.
The bonding force between the hardened layer, the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color-changing functional layer is effectively increased, avoiding interlayer peeling, and solving the problems of abnormal conductivity and uneven color distortion after multiple color-changing cycles of dimming film.
Smart Images
Figure CN222561803U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dimming films, in particular to a dimming film and a dimming component. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous improvement of automobile electrification and intelligence, as well as the continuous improvement of human comfort requirements for automobiles, the functional configuration of automobiles is increasing, and some new technical applications will appear in the sunroof system. In the next few years, smart sunroofs will gradually be adopted and popularized by OEMs. At present, the mainstream solutions for related smart car sunroofs and skylights on the market include PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal), EC (electrochromic) and SPD (suspended particles). The above color adjustment schemes have their own characteristics in terms of point pressure, color change sensitivity, reliability and cost, but it should be pointed out that no matter whether PDLC, EC or SPD method is used to prepare dimming glass, in order to apply voltage to it without affecting the light transmission and scattered light, transparent and conductive materials must be used as driving electrodes.
[0003] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, for a product similar to an electrochromic dimming film with a five-layer structure, the middle color-changing functional layer of the dimming material is the EC color-changing functional layer, and the bottom and top ITO transparent conductive layers in contact with it are arranged on the hardened layer, and the hardened layer is arranged on the PET substrate layer.
[0004] Since the electric field of the color adjustment function is mainly provided by the ITO transparent conductive layer, the impedance uniformity and reliability of the ITO transparent conductive layer are crucial. In the subsequent process of combining the EC dimming film with the automotive glass, and after multiple color change cycles under the action of heat and pressure, any interface between the hardening layer, the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color change functional layer will separate, resulting in abnormal conductivity, which will appear as uneven color change during the dimming process, and even large-area pitting and color block phenomena. No effective solution has been proposed so far. Utility Model Content
[0005] Purpose of the utility model: to provide a dimming film and a dimming component to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.
[0006] Technical solution: A dimming film includes: a hardening layer; and a plurality of organic particles arranged in the hardening layer; wherein the plurality of organic particles form microstructures of varying heights on the surface of the hardening layer, and the particle size of the organic particles is greater than the thickness of the hardening layer.
[0007] Preferably, a preset difference between the particle size of the organic particles and the thickness of the hardened layer is greater than zero and not greater than 1.5 um.
[0008] Preferably, the preset difference between the particle size of the organic particles and the thickness of the hardened layer is 0.3-1.0 um.
[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the hardened layer is 0.1-1.5 um.
[0010] Preferably, the surface roughness Ra value formed by the organic particles on the surface of the hardened layer is less than 0.1 um, preferably less than 0.07 um.
[0011] Preferably, when a plurality of the organic particles are disposed in the hardened layer, the number of particles in each square millimeter of the hardened layer is 30-300.
[0012] Preferably, the hardened layer includes: a first hardened layer and a second hardened layer, wherein a first conductive layer is arranged on the first hardened layer, a color-changing functional layer is arranged on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer is arranged on the color-changing functional layer, and the second hardened layer is arranged above the second conductive layer.
[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer is 20-60 nm.
[0014] Preferably, a first functional layer is disposed between the first hardened layer and the first conductive layer; and / or a second functional layer is disposed between the second hardened layer and the second conductive layer.
[0015] In order to achieve the above objective, according to another aspect of the present application, a dimming component is also provided.
[0016] The dimming component according to the present application includes the above-mentioned dimming film.
[0017] Beneficial effect: In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of organic particles are preset to pass through the hardening layer; and a plurality of organic particles are arranged in the hardening layer; wherein, the plurality of organic particles form microstructures of different heights on the surface of the hardening layer, and the particle size of the organic particles is greater than the thickness of the hardening layer, so as to achieve the purpose of forming a certain roughness on the surface of the hardening layer, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the adhesion between the hardening layer and the ITO transparent conductive layer, and between the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color-changing functional layer; on the other hand, the microscopic protrusions on the surface of the hardening layer can form stress absorption points, which can absorb the deformation stress between the hardening layer and the ITO transparent conductive layer caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient, and avoid the technical effect of interlayer peeling or cracking, thereby solving the technical problem that in the subsequent process of combining the EC dimming film with the automotive glass, and after multiple color-changing cycles under the action of heat and pressure, any interface of the hardening layer, the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color-changing functional layer is separated, which will cause conductive abnormality, appearing as uneven color change during the dimming process, and even large-area pitting and color block phenomena. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing dimming film; and
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dimming film structure of the utility model.
[0020] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows:
[0021] 10, hardened layer; 101, first hardened layer; 102, second hardened layer;
[0022] 20. Organic particles;
[0023] 30. a first conductive layer;
[0024] 40. Color-changing functional layer;
[0025] 50. Second conductive layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0028] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.
[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the present application relates to a dimming film and a dimming component. The dimming film includes: a hardening layer 10; the hardening layer 10 refers to a layer of material covering the surface of the dimming film, the purpose of which is to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the film, while protecting the surface of the film from damage, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the service life. Of course, the hardening layer 10 can be prepared by methods including but not limited to: coating, sputtering, plating, etc.
[0031] A plurality of organic particles 20 are disposed in the hardened layer 10 ; the organic particles 20 refer to tiny particles made of organic materials. In the present application, the organic particles 20 can be used in the preparation of a dimming film to achieve a specific optical effect or performance.
[0032] Of course, the method of placing a plurality of organic particles 20 in the hardening layer 10 includes, but is not limited to: a solution mixing method, dissolving the organic particles 20 and the hardening layer 10 material in the same solvent, and then fully stirring and mixing them so that they are evenly dispersed in the solution; then, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the substrate, and then curing it into a thin film by evaporating the solvent or other methods. During the curing process, the organic particles 20 will be combined with the hardening layer 10 material to form a mixed hardening layer 10.
[0033] It should be noted that, since inorganic particles are relatively hard and cannot absorb stress, the particles in this application are organic particles 20 .
[0034] Among them, a number of the organic particles 20 form microstructures with different heights on the surface of the hardened layer 10, and the particle size of the organic particles 20 is greater than the thickness of the hardened layer 10. By adding particles to the hardened layer 10, a certain roughness is formed on the surface of the hardened layer 10, thereby optimizing the surface roughness of the hardened layer 10, so that microscopic protrusions are formed on the surface of the hardened layer 10;
[0035] By adopting the structure of the present application: on the one hand, the bonding force between the hardening layer 10 and the ITO transparent conductive layer, and between the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color-changing functional layer 40 can be increased;
[0036] On the other hand, the microscopic protrusions on the surface of the hardened layer 10 can form stress absorption points, which can absorb the deformation stress between the hardened layer 10 and the ITO transparent conductive layer caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients, thereby avoiding the problem of interlayer peeling or cracking;
[0037] Specifically, it can solve the problem that the ITO transparent conductive layer, the PET substrate layer and the hardening layer 10 are composed of organic-inorganic hybrids, and the ITO transparent conductive layer is a pure inorganic substance, so the thermal expansion coefficients of the three are quite different, so the local discoloration caused by interlayer separation is more likely to occur.
[0038] Of course, there are other methods for forming the rough surface of the hardened layer 10:
[0039] 1. Nano rollers can be used to emboss a concave and convex surface on the surface of the hardened coating, but the process is complicated, different concave and convex require different embossing rollers, the production cost is high, and the adjustment flexibility is low;
[0040] 2. High-energy particles bombard the surface to increase the roughness (nanoscale), but the degree of improvement is limited and micron-level bumps and depressions cannot be achieved.
[0041] From the above description, it can be seen that the present application achieves the following technical effects:
[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of organic particles 20 are preset to pass through the hardening layer 10; and a plurality of organic particles 20 are arranged in the hardening layer 10; wherein, the plurality of organic particles 20 form microstructures of different heights on the surface of the hardening layer 10, and the particle size of the organic particles 20 is greater than the thickness of the hardening layer 10, so as to achieve the purpose of forming a certain roughness on the surface of the hardening layer 10, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the bonding force between the hardening layer 10 and the ITO transparent conductive layer, and between the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color-changing functional layer 40; on the other hand, the hardening layer 10 The microscopic protrusions on the surface can form stress absorption points, which can absorb the deformation stress between the hardened layer 10 and the ITO transparent conductive layer caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients, thereby avoiding the technical effect of interlayer peeling or cracking. This solves the problem that during the subsequent combination of the EC dimming film with the automotive glass, and after multiple color-changing cycles under the action of heat and pressure, any interface between the hardened layer 10, the ITO transparent conductive layer and the EC color-changing functional layer 40 is separated, which will cause conductive anomalies, manifesting as uneven color change during the dimming process, and even causing large-area pitting and color blocks.
[0043] Furthermore, the preset difference between the particle size of the organic particles 20 and the thickness of the hardened layer 10 is greater than zero and not greater than 1.5um. It is understandable that by setting the thickness difference between the two to be greater than zero and not greater than 1.5um, the desired surface roughness can be obtained and a good micro-protrusion effect can be ensured, thereby avoiding the protrusion being too large to affect the interlayer structure or display effect.
[0044] Furthermore, the preset difference between the particle size of the organic particles 20 and the thickness of the hardened layer 10 is 0.3-1.0 um. It is understandable that by setting the thickness difference between the two to 0.3-1.0 um, it is possible to further ensure that the obtained surface roughness and micro-protrusions are in an optimal state, thereby ensuring good bonding and stress absorption effects.
[0045] Furthermore, the thickness of the hardened layer 10 is 0.1-1.5 um. It is understandable that a variety of thicknesses can be selected, so that a hardened layer 10 with a variety of hardnesses can be obtained, thereby meeting a variety of usage requirements.
[0046] Furthermore, the surface roughness Ra value formed by the organic particles 20 on the surface of the hardened layer 10 is less than 0.1 um. It can be understood that the problem of affecting the crystallization rate of the ITO transparent conductive layer due to excessive roughness can be avoided.
[0047] Preferably, the surface roughness Ra value formed by the organic particles 20 on the surface of the hardened layer 10 is less than 0.07 um. It is understandable that, under the premise of obtaining the required surface roughness, the crystallization rate of the ITO transparent conductive layer can also be ensured.
[0048] Further, when a plurality of the organic particles 20 are disposed in the hardened layer 10, the number of particles per square millimeter of the hardened layer 10 is 30-300. It is understood that after adding the organic particles 20, the number of particles under a microscope per square millimeter of the hardened layer 10 is 30-300, which can achieve the effects of increasing adhesion, relieving stress and achieving good haze;
[0049] It should be noted that when the number of particles is too small, it will not increase the adhesion and release stress; when the number of particles is too large, it will cause the haze of the film to be too large, affecting the appearance of the product.
[0050] Further, the hardened layer 10 includes: a first hardened layer 101 and a second hardened layer 102, a first conductive layer 30 is disposed on the first hardened layer 101, a color-changing functional layer 40 is disposed on the first conductive layer 30, a second conductive layer 50 is disposed on the color-changing functional layer 40, and the second hardened layer 102 is disposed above the second conductive layer 50. It can be understood that a good interlayer matching effect can be achieved, thereby obtaining a desired dimming film structure.
[0051] Further, the thickness of the first conductive layer 30 and the second conductive layer 50 is 20-60 nm. It can be understood that a good conductive effect can be achieved. Preferably, the first conductive layer 30 and the second conductive layer 50 are ITO transparent conductive layers, which are formed by vacuum sputtering of indium oxide and tin oxide.
[0052] Further, a first functional layer is provided between the first hardened layer 101 and the first conductive layer 30; and / or a second functional layer is provided between the second hardened layer 102 and the second conductive layer 50. It is understood that by providing the functional layer, the bonding force between the hardened layer 10 and the ITO conductive layer can be improved. Preferably, the thickness of the functional layer is 2-15 nm. A good film layer bonding effect can be ensured. The functional layer is formed by vacuum sputtering of silicon dioxide.
[0053] Further, the organic particles 20 are selected from a single substance or a copolymer of two or more substances selected from polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polyacrylate, polystyrene, poly(acrylate-co-styrene), poly(methyl acrylate-co-styrene), poly(methyl methacrylate-co-styrene), polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, polysulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyacetal, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, silicone resin, melamine resin, polydivinylbenzene, poly(divinylbenzene-co-styrene), poly(divinylbenzene-co-acrylate), polydiallyl phthalate and triallyl isocyanurate polymer. It is understandable that the material of the organic particles 20 can be a variety of materials to choose from, thereby reducing the difficulty of obtaining raw materials, and thus being able to easily achieve the effect.
[0054] Furthermore, the hardening layer 10 is disposed on the substrate layer, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 50-250 um. It is understood that the substrate layer is any one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the thickness of the substrate layer is 50-250 um, and the refractive index thereof is 1.64-1.66. It is understood that by having a variety of materials to choose from, a flexible selection effect can be achieved. At the same time, a good refractive index effect can also be achieved.
[0055] The present application also relates to a method for preparing a hardened film, which is used to prepare a dimming film, including but not limited to the following steps:
[0056] After the organic particles 20 are dispersed by stirring with a solvent, they are added into the UV-modified acrylic resin in a certain proportion. After being fully stirred, the wet glue is transferred to the surface of the PET substrate using a micro-concave roller contact transfer coating method. After the solvent is dried, it is cured by UV light to obtain an improved hardened film.
[0057] The specific examples are further described below:
[0058] Example 1
[0059] The thickness of the hardened layer 10 is 0.8um, the median particle size of the organic particles 20 is 1.5um, the number of particles per square millimeter in the hardened layer 10 is 50, and a transparent conductive layer, an EC color-changing functional layer, etc. are attached, and then a dimming component is formed through a high-temperature and high-pressure lamination process.
[0060] At this time, after testing, the test results of the dimming film are: the probability of cracks in the film is 10%; after 2000 cycles of color change at 85℃, the probability of color change is 8%, and the product haze is 1.1%.
[0061] Example 2
[0062] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the number of particles per square millimeter in the hardened layer 10 is 100.
[0063] At this time, after testing, the test results of the dimming film are: the probability of cracks in the film is 1%; after 2000 cycles of color change at 85℃, the probability of color change is 1%, and the product haze is 1.5%.
[0064] Example 3
[0065] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the number of particles per square millimeter in the hardened layer 10 is 200.
[0066] At this time, after testing, the test results of the dimming film are: the probability of defective cracks in the film is 0%; after 2000 cycles of color change at 85℃, the probability of color change is 0%, and the product haze is 4.5%.
[0067] Comparative Example 1
[0068] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that no particles are added.
[0069] At this time, the test results of the dimming film are: the probability of cracks in the film is 30%. After 2000 cycles of 85℃ color change, the probability of color change is 10%, and the product haze is 0.9%.
[0070] name parameter Results Example 1 The coating thickness is 0.8um, the median particle size is 1.5um, and the number of particles per square millimeter is 50. The probability of cracks on the film is 10%; after 2000 cycles of discoloration at 85℃, the probability of discoloration is 8%, and the product haze is 1.1%. Example 2 The coating thickness is 0.8um, the median particle size is 1.5um, and the number of particles per square millimeter is 100. The probability of cracks on the film is 1%; after 2000 cycles of discoloration at 85℃, the probability of discoloration is 1%, and the product haze is 1.5% Example 3 The coating thickness is 0.8um, the median particle size is 1.5um, and the number of particles per square millimeter is 200. The probability of cracks on the film is 0%; after 2000 cycles of discoloration at 85℃, the probability of discoloration is 0%, and the product haze is 4.5% Comparative Example 1 Coating thickness 0.8um, no particles added The probability of cracks on the film is 30%; after 2000 cycles of discoloration at 85℃, the probability of discoloration is 10%, and the product haze is 0.9%
[0071] From the above test results we can see that:
[0072] 1. It can be seen from Examples 1 to 3 that, under the premise that other parameters remain unchanged, as the number of particles per square millimeter in the hardened layer 10 continues to increase, the probability of cracks in the diaphragm continues to decrease until it is 0, and the probability of discoloration also continues to decrease until it is 0; although the haze of the product is improved, it does not affect the appearance of the product.
[0073] 2. By comparing Examples 1 to 3 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that after adding organic particles to the hardening layer 10, the probability of cracks and discoloration in the film is significantly reduced, even to 0; at the same time, although the haze of the product is improved, it does not affect the appearance of the product.
[0074] The present application also relates to a dimming component, comprising the dimming film as described above.
[0075] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical scheme of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dimming film, characterized in that: include: a hardened layer (10); and A plurality of organic particles (20) are disposed in the hardened layer (10); Wherein, a plurality of the organic particles (20) form microstructures with different heights on the surface of the hardened layer (10), and the particle size of the organic particles (20) is greater than the thickness of the hardened layer (10).
2. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset difference between the particle size of the organic particles (20) and the thickness of the hardened layer (10) is greater than zero and not greater than 1.5 um.
3. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset difference between the particle size of the organic particles (20) and the thickness of the hardened layer (10) is 0.3-1.0 um.
4. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the hardened layer (10) is 0.1-1.5 um.
5. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface roughness Ra value formed by the organic particles (20) on the surface of the hardened layer (10) is less than 0.1 um.
6. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a plurality of the organic particles (20) are disposed in the hardened layer (10), the number of particles per square millimeter of the hardened layer (10) is 30-300.
7. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardened layer (10) comprises: a first hardened layer (101) and a second hardened layer (102); a first conductive layer (30) is arranged on the first hardened layer (101); a color-changing functional layer (40) is arranged on the first conductive layer (30); a second conductive layer (50) is arranged on the color-changing functional layer (40); and the second hardened layer (102) is arranged above the second conductive layer (50).
8. The dimming film according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the first conductive layer (30) and the second conductive layer (50) is 20-60 nm.
9. The dimming film according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first functional layer is provided between the first hardened layer (101) and the first conductive layer (30); and / or a second functional layer is provided between the second hardened layer (102) and the second conductive layer (50).
10. A dimming component, characterized in that: The invention comprises the dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 9.