Blade battery and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, particularly provides a blade battery and a battery pack, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional blade battery is easy to cause thermal runaway. In order to achieve the purpose, the blade battery comprises a shell, a pole group and a side plate, the shell is provided with an inner cavity, the pole group is located in the inner cavity of the shell, the side plate is located between at least one side of the pole group and the shell, an exhaust channel is arranged on the side plate, and the exhaust channel is configured to converge hot air exhausted from the pole group and exhaust the hot air to the end, provided with an anti-explosion valve, of the pole group. After the temperature of the pole group rises and hot air is generated, a part of hot air in the pole group can enter the exhaust channel and flow to the anti-explosion valve at at least one end of the pole group through the exhaust channel, so that the hot air in the pole group is quickly exhausted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, specifically providing a blade battery and battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rise of new energy vehicles, power batteries, as the power source for these vehicles, have also developed rapidly. Among them, the blade battery is a type of power battery that is assembled using CTP (Cell to Pack) or CTB (Cell to Body) methods. When individual cells are assembled into a pack, they skip the "module" stage, which greatly improves the volume utilization rate and allows more individual cells to be packed into the same space, thereby increasing the maximum capacity of the battery pack.

[0003] Existing blade batteries are relatively long, and a single cell is prone to overheating and releasing gas during charging and discharging. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it can easily lead to thermal runaway.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a blade battery and battery pack to solve the problem of thermal runaway that existing blade batteries are prone to. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, namely, to solve the problem that existing blade batteries are prone to thermal runaway.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a blade battery, comprising: a housing having an inner cavity; an electrode assembly located in the inner cavity of the housing; and a side plate located between at least one side of the electrode assembly and the housing, wherein the side plate is provided with an exhaust channel configured to collect hot gas discharged from the electrode assembly and discharge it to the end of the electrode assembly provided with an explosion-proof valve.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, the exhaust channel is formed on the side plate to create a closed channel, and a through hole is provided on the side plate to connect the exhaust channel with the inner cavity.

[0008] In the specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, a plurality of isolation plates are provided on the side plate, one end of the isolation plate is connected to the side plate, and two adjacent isolation plates and the side plate enclose each other to form an exhaust channel with an opening facing the inner cavity.

[0009] In the specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, the side plate includes a first side and a second side opposite to each other, and the exhaust channel is provided on both the first side and the second side of the side plate.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, a vent hole is provided on the side plate, which is used to connect the exhaust channels located on both sides of the side plate.

[0011] In the specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, the side plate is corrugated.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, multiple exhaust channels are arranged side by side on the side plate; and / or, the exhaust channels extend along the length direction of the electrode group; and / or, the surface of the side plate that adheres to the electrode group is planar and parallel to the side surface of the housing that adheres to the side plate; and / or, the side plate is located between the narrow side surface of the housing and the electrode group.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, a connecting channel is provided on the side plate, and the connecting channel intersects and connects with at least two adjacent exhaust channels located on the same side of the side plate.

[0014] In the specific embodiment of the blade battery described above, the connecting channel also connects to the exhaust channels located on different sides of the side plate.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack including the aforementioned blade battery.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The blade battery of this invention includes a casing, an electrode assembly, and a side plate. The casing has an inner cavity, the electrode assembly is located within the inner cavity of the casing, and the side plate is located between at least one side of the electrode assembly and the casing. An exhaust channel is provided on the side plate, configured to collect hot gas discharged from the electrode assembly and discharge it to the end of the electrode assembly where an explosion-proof valve is located. After the electrode assembly temperature rises and generates hot gas, a portion of the hot gas inside the electrode assembly can enter the exhaust channel and flow through the exhaust channel to the explosion-proof valve at at least one end of the electrode assembly, thereby quickly discharging the hot gas inside the electrode assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The preferred embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of the blade battery provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the negative electrode cover plate assembly provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing, side plate and electrode assembly provided by this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the blade battery provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another partial cross-sectional structure of the blade battery provided by this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the blade battery provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the blade battery provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a plan view of the side plate provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 AA-direction cross-section diagram;

[0028] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 BB-direction cross-section diagram.

[0029] 1. Shell; 13. Inner cavity; 2. Electrode assembly; 3. Negative electrode cover plate assembly; 31. Negative electrode cover plate; 311. Exhaust port; 32. First insulating component; 321. Receiving groove; 322. Exhaust hole; 33. Second insulating component; 34. Negative electrode post; 341. Insulating sealing ring; 35. Explosion-proof valve; 36. Explosion-proof valve protection plate; 37. Negative electrode top patch; 38. Negative electrode adapter plate; 39. Riveting block; 4. Positive electrode cover plate assembly; 41. Positive electrode top patch; 42. Positive electrode adapter plate; 5. Separating membrane; 6. Blue membrane; 7. Side plate; 71. Exhaust channel; 72. Through hole; 73. Separating plate; 74. Vent hole; 75. Connecting channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," which indicate directional or positional relationships, are based on the directional or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] The blade battery includes a casing, electrode assembly, negative electrode cover assembly, and positive electrode cover assembly. The electrode assembly is disposed inside the casing, and the negative electrode cover assembly and positive electrode cover assembly are respectively disposed at both ends of the casing along the length of the blade battery. At least one of the negative electrode cover assembly or the positive electrode cover assembly is provided with an explosion-proof valve.

[0034] The electrode assembly includes a negative electrode tab and a positive electrode tab. The negative electrode tab is located at the end of the electrode assembly closest to the negative electrode cover plate assembly, and the positive electrode tab is located at the end of the electrode assembly closest to the positive electrode cover plate. A negative electrode post is provided on the negative electrode cover plate assembly, and the negative electrode post is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab. A positive electrode post is provided on the positive electrode cover plate assembly, and the positive electrode post is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab.

[0035] Blade batteries are generally quite long. During charging and discharging, the electrode assembly is prone to heating and expansion. When the electrode assembly temperature reaches a certain level, side reactions occur, generating gas and causing further expansion. If the expansion is relatively small, a gap remains between the electrode assembly and the casing, allowing hot gas to escape to the area where the explosion-proof valve is located. However, if the expansion is too large, the gap between the electrode assembly and the casing will be reduced or even blocked. If the gap is too small, hot gas cannot escape in time, and the pressure inside the casing cannot quickly reach the set value. This can lead to delayed opening of the explosion-proof valve, accelerating the risk of thermal runaway and affecting the safety performance of the blade battery. Conversely, if the expansion rate is too fast, the gap between the electrode assembly and the casing may be completely blocked, making it even more difficult for hot gas to escape. This can prevent the explosion-proof valve from opening, further accelerating the risk of thermal runaway and affecting the safety performance of the blade battery.

[0036] Based on this, the present invention provides a blade battery, comprising: a housing having an inner cavity; an electrode assembly located in the inner cavity of the housing; and a side plate located between at least one side of the electrode assembly and the housing, wherein the side plate is provided with an exhaust channel configured to collect hot gas discharged from the electrode assembly and discharge it to the end of the electrode assembly provided with an explosion-proof valve.

[0037] The blade battery of this utility model will be described below through specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, the blade battery includes a casing 1, an electrode assembly 2, a negative electrode cover assembly 3, a positive electrode cover assembly 4, and a separator 5. The casing 1 has an inner cavity 13, and the electrode assembly 2 is disposed within the inner cavity 13 of the casing 1. The negative electrode cover assembly 3 and the positive electrode cover assembly 4 are respectively disposed at both ends of the casing 1 along the length direction (i.e., the Z-direction) of the blade battery, for protecting the electrode assembly 2 and sealing the casing 1. The separator 5 is located between the electrode assembly 2 and the casing 1, and the first end of the separator 5 is fixed and sealed to the negative electrode cover assembly 3, and the second end of the separator 5 is fixed and sealed to the positive electrode cover assembly 4. The outer periphery of the casing 1 is covered with a blue film 6.

[0039] Electrode group 2, also known as the bare cell, includes a negative electrode tab and a positive electrode tab. The negative electrode tab is located at the end of electrode group 2 closest to the negative electrode cover assembly 3, and the positive electrode tab is located at the end of electrode group 2 closest to the positive electrode cover assembly. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the negative electrode cover assembly 3 is provided with a negative electrode post 34, which is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab via a negative electrode adapter piece 38. The positive electrode cover assembly 4 is provided with a positive electrode post, which is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab via a positive electrode adapter piece 42.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a negative electrode top patch 37 is provided on the side of the negative electrode cover plate assembly 3 away from the electrode group 2 to protect the negative electrode cover plate assembly 3, and a positive electrode top patch 41 is provided on the side of the positive electrode cover plate assembly 4 away from the electrode group 2 to protect the positive electrode cover plate assembly 4.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the negative electrode cover assembly 3 includes a negative electrode cover 31, a first insulating member 32, a second insulating member 33, a negative electrode post 34, and a negative electrode adapter piece 38 (see...). Figure 1 The first insulating member 32 is located on the side of the negative electrode cover plate 31 facing the electrode group 2, and the second insulating member 33 is located on the side of the negative electrode cover plate 31 away from the electrode group 2. The electrode post passes through the first insulating member 32, the negative electrode cover plate 31, and the second insulating member 33 from the side of the first insulating member 32 away from the negative electrode cover plate 31 and then protrudes. The edge of the first insulating member 32 protrudes towards the side away from the negative electrode cover plate 31, forming a receiving groove 321 in the middle of the first insulating member 32. The negative electrode adapter piece 38 is located in the receiving groove 321 and is electrically connected to the negative electrode post 34, which can be achieved by laser welding. An insulating sealing ring 341 is fitted on the negative electrode post 34 to isolate the negative electrode post 34 from the negative electrode cover plate 31. A riveting block 39 is provided on the side of the second insulating member 33 away from the negative electrode cover plate 31, and the riveting block 39 is riveted to the negative electrode post 34 to fix the negative electrode post 34.

[0042] The positive electrode cover assembly 4 has a similar structure to the negative electrode cover assembly 3, and at least one of the negative electrode cover assembly 3 and the positive electrode cover assembly 4 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 35 (see Figure 2 ).

[0043] For example, the negative electrode cover assembly 3 includes an explosion-proof valve 35, on which an explosion-proof valve protection plate 36 is provided. An exhaust port 311 is provided on the negative electrode cover 31, and an exhaust hole 322 is provided on the first insulating member 32. The explosion-proof valve 35 is fixed to the negative electrode cover 31 and corresponds to the exhaust port 311 and the exhaust hole 322. The exhaust hole 322 can specifically be configured as an exhaust mesh. When the pressure inside the blade battery reaches a preset pressure, the explosion-proof valve 35 can open to release the hot gas inside the blade battery, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the blade battery.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, a side plate 7 is provided between at least one side of the electrode assembly 2 and the housing 1, and an exhaust channel 71 is provided on the side plate 7. After the temperature of the electrode assembly 2 rises and generates hot gas, a portion of the hot gas inside the electrode assembly 2 can enter the exhaust channel 71 and flow through the exhaust channel 71 to the explosion-proof valve 35 at at least one end of the electrode assembly 2, thereby quickly discharging the hot gas inside the electrode assembly 2.

[0045] The housing 1 has a wide side and a narrow side. In this example, the side plate 7 is located between the narrow side of the housing 1 and the pole group 2 to minimize the volume occupied by the side plate 7.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, multiple exhaust channels 71 are arranged side by side on the side plate 7. Each exhaust channel 71 extends along the length direction (i.e., the Z direction) of the electrode group 2. The end of the exhaust channel 71 can extend beyond, be flush with, or be shorter than the end of the electrode group 2. It should be noted that when the end of the exhaust channel 71 is flush with or shorter than the end of the electrode group 2, the exhaust channel 71 opens at the Z-direction end to ensure that the hot air in the exhaust channel 71 can be discharged smoothly. When the end of the exhaust channel 71 extends beyond the end of the electrode group 2, the exhaust channel 71 extends beyond the side or end opening of the electrode group 2, which can also ensure that the hot air in the exhaust channel 71 can be discharged smoothly.

[0047] The surface of the side plate 7 that is attached to the electrode assembly 2 is flat and parallel to the side of the housing 2 that is attached to the side plate 7, ensuring that there are no sharp parts in the area where the side plate 7 is attached to the electrode assembly 2 that could damage the electrode assembly 2.

[0048] In some examples, such as Figure 4As shown, the exhaust channel 71 is formed on the side plate 7 to create a closed channel, and the side plate 7 has a through hole 72 to connect the exhaust channel 71 and the inner cavity 13. In this example, the side plate 7 can be formed by extrusion molding. After the side plate 7 is formed, the through hole 72 is formed on the side wall of the side plate 7 by machining to connect the exhaust channel 71 with the outside. The side of the side plate 7 with the through hole 72 faces the electrode group 2. The hot gas generated by the temperature rise of the electrode group 2 can quickly enter the exhaust channel 71 through the through hole 72 and flow along the exhaust channel 71 to the location of the explosion-proof valve 35, thereby quickly releasing the hot gas and reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0049] In other examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, the side plate 7 is provided with multiple isolation plates 73. One end of the isolation plate 73 is connected to the side plate 7, and two adjacent isolation plates 73 and the side plate 7 enclose each other to form an exhaust channel 71 with an opening facing the inner cavity 13. In this example of the side plate 7, the exhaust channel 71 can be formed by machining, or it can be formed by welding the isolation plates 73 onto the side plate 7 and then enclosing them together. After the side plate 7 is installed into the blade battery, the opening of the exhaust channel 71 faces the electrode group 2. The hot gas generated by the temperature rise of the electrode group 2 can directly enter the exhaust channel 71 from the opening facing the inner cavity 13, and the hot gas is released more quickly. In addition, after the electrode group 2 heats up and generates hot gas expansion, it will only adhere to the end of the isolation plate 73 away from the side plate 7 at most, without blocking the exhaust channel 71. Therefore, the hot gas in the electrode group 2 can still be discharged from the exhaust channel 71 in a timely manner to quickly open the explosion-proof valve 35 and reduce the possibility of thermal runaway of the blade battery.

[0050] In some other examples, such as Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown, the side plate 7 includes a first side and a second side facing each other, and both the first side and the second side of the side plate 7 are provided with exhaust channels 71. The hot gas generated by the temperature rise of the electrode group 2 is mainly discharged from the exhaust channel 71 on the side facing the electrode group 2, while the exhaust channel 71 on the side away from the electrode group 2 assists in discharging the hot gas, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of the blade battery.

[0051] For example, a vent 74 is provided on the side plate 7. The vent 74 is used to connect the exhaust channels 71 located on the first side and the second side of the side plate 7. The hot gas released by the heating of the electrode group 2 can enter the exhaust channel 71 located on the second side through the exhaust channel 71 located on the first side and the vent 74, reducing the resistance to hot gas discharge and thus reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of the blade battery.

[0052] The exhaust channels 71 located on the first and second sides of the side panel 7 can be aligned or staggered. For example... Figure 6As shown, when the exhaust channels 71 located on the first and second sides are aligned, a through hole 72 is formed at the bottom of the exhaust channels 71 to connect the exhaust channels 71 located on the first and second sides. Figure 7 As shown, in the case where the exhaust passages 71 located on the first side and the second side are staggered, the through hole 72 is opened in the side wall of the exhaust passage 71 to connect the exhaust passages 71 located on the first side and the second side.

[0053] In addition, for cases where the exhaust channels 71 located on the first and second sides are staggered, the side plate 7 can be corrugated and manufactured by stamping to stagger the exhaust channels 71 located on the first and second sides. The through hole 72 can also be opened on the flat raw material before stamping, and after stamping, the through hole 72 is located on the side wall of the exhaust channel 71.

[0054] In some examples, such as Figures 8 to 10 As shown, a connecting channel 75 is provided on the side plate 7, which intersects and connects with at least two adjacent exhaust channels 71 located on the same side of the side plate 7. The connecting channel 75 increases the pathway for hot gas in the electrode assembly 2 to enter the exhaust channel 71, thereby improving the efficiency of hot gas discharge from the electrode assembly 2. The faster the hot gas is discharged from the electrode assembly 2, the shorter the response time of the explosion-proof valve 35, and the lower the risk of thermal runaway of the blade battery.

[0055] In addition, in some cases, such as Figure 10 As shown, the connecting channel 75 can also connect to the exhaust channels 71 located on different sides of the side plate 7 to further improve the exhaust efficiency of hot gas in the electrode assembly 2. This is especially suitable for side plates 7 with corrugated cross-sections. Before stamping the side plate 7, an opening corresponding to the connecting channel 75 is made on the flat raw material. The connecting channel 75 formed after stamping can naturally connect to the exhaust channels 71 located on different sides of the side plate 7.

[0056] In summary, the blade battery provided by this utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0057] A side plate 7 is provided between at least one side of the electrode assembly 2 and the housing 1, and an exhaust channel 71 is provided on the side plate 7. After the temperature of the electrode assembly 2 rises and generates hot gas, a portion of the hot gas inside the electrode assembly 2 can enter the exhaust channel 71 and flow through the exhaust channel 71 to the explosion-proof valve 35 at at least one end of the electrode assembly 2, thereby quickly discharging the hot gas inside the electrode assembly 2.

[0058] This utility model also provides a battery pack, including the blade battery described in any of the above embodiments, wherein multiple blade batteries are arranged along their thickness direction (i.e., the X direction) and connected in series and parallel.

[0059] The technical solution of this utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bladed battery, characterized by, The application relates to a battery cell. The battery cell comprises: a shell (1) having an inner cavity (13); a pole group (2) located in the inner cavity (13) of the shell (1); 2. The bladed battery of claim 1, wherein, a side plate (7) located between at least one side of the pole group (2) and the shell (1), wherein the side plate (7) is provided with an exhaust passage (71) configured to converge hot air exhausted from the pole group (2) and discharge the hot air to an end of the pole group (2) provided with an explosion-proof valve.

3. The bladed battery of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust passage (71) is formed on the side plate (7) to form a closed passage, and a through hole (72) is formed on the side plate (7) to communicate the exhaust passage (71) with the inner cavity (13).

4. The bladed battery of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of isolation plates (73) are arranged on the side plate (7), one end of each isolation plate (73) is connected with the side plate (7), and adjacent two isolation plates (73) and the side plate (7) enclose the exhaust passage (71) with an opening facing the inner cavity (13).

5. The bladed battery of claim 4, wherein, The side plate (7) comprises a first side and a second side, and the first side and the second side of the side plate (7) are both provided with the exhaust passage (71).

6. The bladed battery of claim 4, wherein, An air vent hole (74) is arranged on the side plate (7) to communicate the exhaust passages (71) located on both sides of the side plate (7).

7. The bladed battery of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The side plate (7) is corrugated. The exhaust passages (71) are arranged side by side on the side plate (7); and / or, The exhaust passages (71) extend along the length direction of the pole group (2); and / or, The surface of the side plate (7) abutting the pole group (2) is a plane and is parallel to the side surface of the shell (1) abutting the side plate (7); and / or, 8. The bladed battery of claim 7, wherein, The side plate (7) is located between the narrow side surface of the shell (1) and the pole group (2).

9. The bladed battery of claim 8, wherein, A communication passage (75) is arranged on the side plate (7) to cross and communicate at least two adjacent exhaust passages (71) located on the same side surface of the side plate (7).

10. A battery pack, characterized by, The communication passage (75) also communicates the exhaust passages (71) located on different side surfaces of the side plate (7). The application further relates to a blade battery comprising the battery cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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