Extrusion equipment for processing high-performance fiber product
By optimizing the structure of the screw extruder and adopting designs such as spiral auger and honeycomb pressure stabilization zone, the problems of uneven fiber distribution and unstable melt pressure were solved, enabling uniform extrusion and stable production of high-performance fiber products.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGDE HUAYANG NEW COMPOSITE PROD CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Traditional twin-screw extruders suffer from uneven fiber distribution and unstable melt pressure in the processing of high-performance fiber products, resulting in inconsistent product quality and increased production costs.
A high-performance extrusion equipment for processing fiber products was designed. It adopts a spiral auger divided into a feeding section and a staggered tooth shearing section, combined with a compression zone and a honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone. Through structural optimization such as pitch, shearing opening, protrusions and honeycomb array, uniform fiber distribution and stable melt pressure are achieved.
It improves fiber uniformity in the melt and extrusion stability, reduces product defects, lowers production costs and defect rate, and enhances product quality consistency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224145326U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fiber processing technology, specifically to an extrusion device for processing high-performance fiber products. Background Technology
[0002] In the industrial production of high-performance fiber products, such as the manufacturing of carbon fiber composite materials for aerospace and the processing of aramid fibers for high-end sports equipment, the quality and performance requirements of fiber products are extremely high. However, the commonly used twin-screw extruders have exposed many serious problems in these production processes.
[0003] In the processing of aramid fibers for high-end sports equipment, uneven fiber distribution is a key issue. Due to the structural characteristics of twin-screw extruders, the degree of shearing and mixing of fibers at different locations varies during the processing of aramid fibers. Fibers near the center of the screw and near the inner wall of the barrel have significantly different flow velocities and forces, which leads to uneven fiber distribution in the melt.
[0004] Taking aramid fiber composite materials used to manufacture tennis rackets as an example, uneven fiber distribution can cause inconsistent strength in different parts of the racket. When hitting the ball, the weaker parts are more likely to break or deform, affecting the quality and lifespan of the product, reducing its performance and reliability. Moreover, uneven fiber distribution can also lead to unstable product quality. Products produced in the same batch may have performance differences, increasing the defect rate and raising production costs.
[0005] In addition, during continuous production, the melt pressure of traditional twin-screw extruders fluctuates significantly, which can lead to uneven fiber thickness and poor fiber extrusion stability, thus affecting product quality. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes an extrusion device for processing high-performance fiber products.
[0007] This utility model proposes a high-performance extrusion equipment for processing fiber products, including a screw extruder. The screw extruder has a feed port and a discharge port. A screw is coaxially aligned and driven by a motor inside the screw extruder. A spiral auger is installed on the screw.
[0008] The spiral auger includes a feeding section located near the inlet and a staggered-tooth shearing section located near the outlet. The feeding section and the staggered-tooth shearing section are connected to each other, and the pitch of the feeding section is greater than the pitch of the staggered-tooth shearing section.
[0009] The screw extruder has a compression zone and a honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone connected to each other at one end of the inner cavity near the discharge port. The honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone is located between the compression zone and the discharge port, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the compression zone gradually decreases from the screw to the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone.
[0010] The feeding section of the auger is close to the inlet. The larger pitch allows the fiber material to be conveyed quickly along the screw, ensuring efficient and smooth feeding and avoiding problems such as blockage during feeding. The staggered tooth shearing section is close to the outlet. The smaller pitch, combined with its special structure, plays a role in shearing and dispersing the material. The feeding section and the staggered tooth shearing section are connected, so that the material can be smoothly transitioned during the conveying process. First, the material is fed quickly, and then it is fully sheared and dispersed.
[0011] The compression zone and honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone near the discharge port in the screw extruder's inner cavity are key designs for improving product quality. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the compression zone gradually decreases, compressing the melt and helping to stabilize the melt pressure. The honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone is located between the compression zone and the discharge port, further stabilizing the melt flow state, making the extruded fibers more uniform and stable, and improving product quality.
[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, the pitch of the feeding section is 1.2-1.5 times the screw diameter, and the screw groove depth is 0.25-0.3 times the screw diameter;
[0013] The screw pitch of the feeding section is designed to be 1.2-1.5 times the screw diameter. This ensures that the screw has sufficient pushing power on the material while guaranteeing rapid material transport. If the screw pitch is too small, the material transport speed will be slowed down, affecting production efficiency. If the screw pitch is too large, the material may not be effectively driven by the screw during transport. The screw groove depth is 0.25-0.3 times the screw diameter. This depth range can accommodate an appropriate amount of fiber material, ensuring good flowability of the material in the screw groove. At the same time, it can also allow the screw to apply appropriate pressure to the material, ensuring a stable and efficient feeding process.
[0014] As a further optimization of this utility model, the pitch of the staggered shearing section is 0.5-0.7 times the screw diameter, and the screw groove depth is reduced to 40%-50% of the feeding section.
[0015] The staggered-tooth shearing section has a smaller screw pitch, which is 0.5-0.7 times the screw diameter. This design allows the material to experience greater shear force when passing through this section, which helps to disperse and mix the fibers. The screw groove depth is reduced to 40%-50% of that of the feeding section, further enhancing the extrusion and shearing effect on the material. The shallower screw groove allows the material to contact the screw and the inner wall of the extruder more closely, improving shearing efficiency and making the fibers more evenly distributed in the melt, thereby improving product quality.
[0016] As a further optimization of this utility model, the spiral edge of the staggered tooth shearing section is provided with multiple shearing openings, and the multiple shearing openings are staggered along the axial direction of the staggered tooth shearing section.
[0017] The shearing kerfs on the spiral ridges of the staggered shearing section are an important structure for enhancing the shearing effect. Multiple shearing kerfs are staggered along the axial direction, making the shearing force on the material more complex and diverse when it passes through the staggered shearing section. The material will be sheared at different positions and angles. This staggered distribution of shearing kerfs can more effectively break up fiber agglomerates, allowing the fibers to be evenly distributed in the melt, further improving product quality. At the same time, it also helps to balance the melt pressure and reduce pressure fluctuations.
[0018] As a further optimization of this utility model, the depth of the shearing opening is 20%-30% of the height of the spiral ridge. This depth range can ensure sufficient shearing force on the material without excessively weakening the structural strength of the spiral ridge. If the shearing opening is too deep, the spiral ridge may be damaged due to insufficient strength. If it is too shallow, it cannot fully play its role in shearing the material. The appropriate depth can ensure that the material receives just the right shearing force when passing through the shearing opening, effectively improving the fiber dispersion effect.
[0019] As a further optimization of this utility model, the inner wall of the screw extruder is equipped with a protrusion adapted to the shearing opening, the height of which is 50%-70% of the depth of the shearing opening, so as to form a periodic compression-release cavity.
[0020] As the material rotates with the screw and passes through the shearing nozzle and protrusion, it undergoes compression and release processes. During the compression phase, the material is squeezed, which helps disperse and mix the fibers. During the release phase, the pressure decreases, and the material is redistributed. This periodic change further balances the melt pressure, reduces pressure fluctuations, and makes the fiber melt extrusion more stable, thus improving product quality. The protrusion height is 50%-70% of the shearing nozzle depth. This ratio ensures that the protrusion and the shearing nozzle work together effectively to achieve a good compression-release effect.
[0021] As a further optimization of this utility model, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the compression zone is linearly reduced by 30%-40% from the inlet to the outlet, and the cross-section of the flow channel gradually changes from a circle to a square.
[0022] The cross-sectional area of the compression zone channel is linearly reduced by 30%-40% from the inlet to the outlet. This gradually decreasing design can effectively compress the melt, increase the melt pressure and density. As the cross-sectional area of the channel decreases, the melt flow rate increases, and the fiber distribution in the melt becomes more uniform. The channel cross-section gradually changes from a circle to a square. This geometric abrupt change further disperses the fibers and changes the flow state of the melt, making the melt more uniform and stable before entering the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone, thereby improving the stability of fiber extrusion and reducing product defects.
[0023] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, the inner wall of the compression zone is provided with a spiral groove, and the groove depth is 0.5-1mm, and the spiral groove pitch is 0.8-1.0 times the discharge port opening diameter.
[0024] The spiral grooves on the inner wall of the compression zone increase the friction between the melt and the inner wall of the extruder, resulting in a more complex flow state and further dispersing the fibers. The groove depth is 0.5-1mm, which ensures a certain disturbance effect on the melt without affecting the structural strength of the extruder. The pitch of the spiral groove is 0.8-1.0 times the diameter of the discharge port opening. This pitch design makes the effect of the groove on the melt more reasonable, further optimizing the melt flow and fiber dispersion effect, and improving the processing performance of the equipment.
[0025] As a further optimization of this utility model, the interior of the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone has a hexagonal honeycomb array, which can divide the fiber melt into microflow bundles, change the flow mode of the melt, and reduce the generation of eddies by flowing within the honeycomb unit, making the flow of the melt more stable and uniform. This stable flow state can effectively eliminate pressure fluctuations in the melt, ensure the stable quality of the fibers extruded from the outlet, and improve the consistency and stability of the product.
[0026] As a further optimization of this utility model, the inner wall of the honeycomb cell inside the honeycomb voltage stabilization zone has a tungsten carbide coating, which has an extremely low coefficient of friction (≤0.1), reducing the friction between the fiber and the inner wall of the honeycomb cell, avoiding the occurrence of fiber snagging, making the equipment run more smoothly, reducing the number of equipment maintenance, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing the production costs of enterprises.
[0027] The high-performance extrusion equipment for processing fiber products proposed in this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0028] (I) The screw conveyor of this equipment is divided into a feeding section and a staggered shearing section. The feeding section has a larger pitch, which is conducive to the rapid conveying of fiber materials and ensures the smoothness of feeding. The staggered shearing section has a smaller pitch and multiple staggered shearing holes on the screw edge. These holes cooperate with the protrusions on the inner wall of the screw extruder to form a periodic compression-release cavity, thereby balancing the melt pressure, reducing pressure fluctuations, and making the fiber melt extrusion more stable. During the material conveying process, this structure can fully shear and disperse the fibers, making the fibers more evenly distributed in the melt, effectively improving the fiber mixing effect and enhancing the quality stability of the product.
[0029] (II) This equipment has a compression zone and a honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone set in the inner cavity of the screw extruder near the discharge port. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the compression zone gradually decreases from the screw to the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone, and the flow channel cross-section gradually changes from a circle to a square. This geometric change further disperses the fibers while effectively compressing the melt and stabilizing the melt pressure. The honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone has a hexagonal honeycomb array inside, which divides the fiber melt into micro-flow bundles, eliminates eddies, and further stabilizes the flow state of the melt, thereby improving the stability of fiber extrusion and reducing the probability of product defects.
[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screw extruder of this utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the honeycomb voltage stabilization zone of this utility model.
[0035] Figure descriptions: 1. Screw extruder; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Discharge outlet; 4. Screw; 5. Spiral auger; 6. Compression zone; 7. Honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone; 8. Feeding section; 9. Staggered tooth shearing section; 10. Shearing opening; 11. Protrusion; 12. Spiral groove. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0037] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0038] In the field of fiber processing technology, traditional twin-screw extruders suffer from problems such as complex structure, uneven fiber distribution, and unstable melt pressure when processing fiber materials, which affect product quality. This utility model presents a high-performance extrusion equipment for processing fiber products. Through innovative design of the internal structure of the screw extruder, it effectively solves these problems. The specific implementation method is as follows:
[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the core of the extrusion equipment is the screw extruder 1, which is equipped with a feed port 2 and a discharge port 3. The screw extruder 1 is equipped with a screw 4 driven by a motor. The auger 5 on the screw 4 plays a key role in material conveying and processing.
[0040] The spiral auger 5 is divided into a feeding section 8 near the inlet 2 and a toothed shearing section 9 near the outlet 3. The feeding section 8 has a larger pitch, which can quickly convey the fiber material along the screw 4 to ensure efficient and smooth feeding. The toothed shearing section 9 has a smaller pitch and is responsible for shearing and dispersing the material. The two work together to achieve a smooth transition and full processing of the material during the conveying process.
[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a compression zone 6 and a honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone 7 are sequentially arranged at one end of the inner cavity of the screw extruder 1 near the discharge port 3. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the compression zone 6 gradually decreases from the screw 4 to the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone 7, compressing the melt and stabilizing the melt pressure. The honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone 7 is located between the compression zone 6 and the discharge port 3, further stabilizing the melt flow state, making the extruded fibers more uniform and stable, and improving product quality.
[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the pitch of the feeding section 8 is designed to be 1.2-1.5 times the diameter of the screw 4, and the depth of the screw groove is 0.25-0.3 times the diameter of the screw 4. This size setting ensures that while conveying materials quickly, the screw 4 can apply sufficient pushing force to the materials, and the screw groove can accommodate an appropriate amount of fibrous material to maintain good material flowability and stable feeding pressure.
[0043] The pitch of the staggered shearing section 9 is 0.5-0.7 times the diameter of the screw 4, and the screw groove depth is reduced to 40%-50% of that of the feeding section 8. The smaller pitch and reduced screw groove depth result in greater shear force on the material when it passes through this section, which enhances the squeezing and shearing effect on the material and promotes a more uniform distribution of fibers in the melt.
[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, multiple shearing openings 10 are provided on the spiral ridge of the staggered shearing section 9. These shearing openings 10 are staggered along the axial direction and have a depth of 20%-30% of the height of the spiral ridge. The staggered shearing openings 10 subject the material to complex and diverse shearing forces when it passes through, which fully disperses the fiber agglomerates and improves the fiber dispersion effect. At the same time, the inner wall of the screw extruder 1 is equipped with protrusions 11 that are adapted to the shearing openings 10. The height of the protrusions 11 is 50%-70% of the depth of the shearing openings 10. The two work together to form a periodic compression-release cavity. When the material passes through, it alternately experiences the compression and release process, which helps to balance the melt pressure, reduce pressure fluctuations, and make the fiber melt extrusion more stable.
[0045] The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in compression zone 6 is linearly reduced by 30%-40% from the inlet to the outlet, and the flow channel cross-section gradually changes from a circle to a square. This design effectively compresses the melt. As the flow channel becomes smaller, the melt pressure and density increase, the flow rate accelerates, and the fiber distribution becomes more uniform. The geometric abrupt change in the flow channel cross-section further disperses the fibers, changes the melt flow state, and makes it more stable before entering the honeycomb stabilizing zone 7, thereby improving the stability of fiber extrusion and reducing product defects.
[0046] Furthermore, the inner wall of the compression zone 6 is also provided with spiral grooves 12, with a groove depth of 0.5-1mm and a pitch of 0.8-1.0 times the opening diameter of the discharge port 3. The spiral grooves 12 increase the friction between the melt and the inner wall of the extruder, causing the melt to generate a complex flow state, further dispersing the fibers. The reasonable groove depth and pitch design optimizes the melt flow and fiber dispersion effect without affecting the structural strength of the extruder, thereby improving the processing performance of the equipment.
[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone 7 has a hexagonal honeycomb array inside, which divides the fiber melt into microflow bundles, changes the melt flow mode, reduces eddy current generation, stabilizes melt flow, eliminates pressure fluctuations, ensures the stable quality of the fibers extruded from the discharge port 3, and improves the consistency and stability of the product.
[0048] Furthermore, the inner wall of the honeycomb cell inside the honeycomb voltage stabilization zone 7 is coated with a tungsten carbide coating, which has an extremely low coefficient of friction ≤0.1, effectively reducing the friction between the fiber and the inner wall of the honeycomb cell, avoiding fiber snagging, making the equipment run more smoothly, reducing the number of equipment maintenance times, and lowering the enterprise's production costs.
[0049] In actual operation, the fiber material enters the screw extruder 1 through the feed port 2. Under the action of the feeding section 8, it is quickly conveyed along the screw 4 to the discharge port 3. As the material enters the staggered tooth shearing section 9, under the combined action of the smaller screw pitch, special screw groove depth, and shearing port 10 and protrusion 11, the material is fully sheared and dispersed, and the fibers are evenly distributed in the melt. At the same time, the melt pressure is balanced. After being processed by the staggered tooth shearing section 9, the material enters the compression zone 6. Under the action of the gradually decreasing flow channel cross-sectional area, special flow channel shape change, and spiral groove 12, the melt is compressed, the fibers are further dispersed, and the flow state is more stable. Finally, the melt enters the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone 7. Under the action of the hexagonal honeycomb array and tungsten carbide coating, the melt flow is smooth, the pressure fluctuation is eliminated, and it enters the subsequent extrusion die from the discharge port 3, thus obtaining high-quality fiber products.
[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-performance extrusion equipment for processing fiber products, comprising a screw extruder (1), the screw extruder (1) having a feed inlet (2) and a discharge outlet (3), a screw (4) coaxially aligned and driven by a motor installed inside the screw extruder (1), and a spiral auger (5) installed on the screw (4), characterized in that: The spiral auger (5) includes a feeding section (8) located near the inlet (2) and a toothed shearing section (9) located near the outlet (3). The feeding section (8) and the toothed shearing section (9) are connected to each other and the pitch of the feeding section (8) is greater than the pitch of the toothed shearing section (9). The screw extruder (1) has a compression zone (6) and a honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone (7) connected to each other at one end of the inner cavity near the discharge port (3). The honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone (7) is located between the compression zone (6) and the discharge port (3), and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the compression zone (6) gradually decreases from the screw (4) to the honeycomb pressure stabilizing zone (7).
2. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high-performance fiber product according to claim 1, characterized by The pitch of the feeding section (8) is 1.2-1.5 times the diameter of the screw (4), and the depth of the screw groove is 0.25-0.3 times the diameter of the screw (4).
3. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high-performance fiber product according to claim 1, characterized by The pitch of the staggered shearing section (9) is 0.5-0.7 times the diameter of the screw (4), and the screw groove depth is reduced to 40%-50% of that of the feeding section (8).
4. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high-performance fiber product according to claim 1, characterized by The staggered shearing section (9) has multiple shearing openings (10) on its spiral edge, and the multiple shearing openings (10) are staggered along the axial direction of the staggered shearing section (9).
5. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high-performance fiber product according to claim 4, characterized by The depth of the shear cut (10) is 20%-30% of the height of the spiral ridge.
6. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high performance fiber product according to claim 4, wherein The inner wall of the screw extruder (1) is fitted with a protrusion (11) that is compatible with the shearing port (10). The height of the protrusion (11) is 50%-70% of the depth of the shearing port (10) to form a periodic compression-release cavity.
7. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high performance fiber product according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the compression zone (6) is linearly reduced by 30%-40% from the inlet to the outlet, and the cross-section of the flow channel gradually changes from a circle to a square.
8. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high performance fiber product according to claim 1, wherein The inner wall of the compression zone (6) is provided with a spiral groove (12), and the groove depth of the spiral groove (12) is 0.5-1mm, and the pitch of the spiral groove (12) is 0.8-1.0 times the opening diameter of the discharge port (3).
9. The extrusion apparatus for processing a high performance fiber product according to claim 1, wherein The interior of the cellular voltage regulation area (7) has a hexagonal cellular array.
10. The extrusion equipment for processing high-performance fiber products according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner wall of the honeycomb cell inside the honeycomb voltage regulation area (7) has a tungsten carbide coating.