A fillerless spray cooling tower
By using vortex atomizing nozzles and a double-layer grid structure in the fillerless spray cooling tower, the problem of poor atomization caused by insufficient water spraying is solved, achieving a more efficient air-water contact and cooling effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUANGHE S & T COLLEGE
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing fillerless spray cooling towers cannot effectively form a mist when water spraying is insufficient, resulting in a reduced air-water contact surface area, poor cooling effect, and rapid water descent, leading to insufficient air-water heat exchange time.
It adopts a vortex atomizing nozzle and a double-layer grid plate structure. The vortex atomizing nozzle improves the water atomization effect through swirling and acceleration chambers, while the double-layer grid plate ensures uniform water mist distribution and cooling efficiency by vibrating and separating water droplet sizes.
It significantly improves atomization effect and cooling efficiency, increases the specific surface area of air-water contact, reduces flow resistance, and enhances the cooling effect of the cooling tower.
Smart Images
Figure CN224285517U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of cooling tower manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a fillerless spray cooling tower. Background Technology
[0002] Cooling towers play an indispensable role in various industrial and commercial processes, reducing the temperature of process fluids through heat dissipation to achieve heat transfer and process control. With industrial development, the application areas of cooling towers are constantly expanding, encompassing fields such as petroleum, chemical, power, and pharmaceutical industries.
[0003] Current cooling towers are mainly packed-type cooling towers. If the water quality system is poor, the packing material inside the tower is prone to clogging. Furthermore, the packing material is susceptible to aging, deformation, and brittleness, easily leading to channeling. Packing fragments can also clog equipment and pipelines in the process system, affecting the original distribution of air and water and reducing the effective heat exchange area within the tower. To address these issues, foreign countries first began experimenting with downspray cooling towers, a new type of cooling tower completely different from traditional packed-type cooling towers. Hot water is sprayed downwards from multiple nozzles connected to a distribution pipe at the top of the tower. It is redistributed within the tower and comes into counter-current contact with the upward-flowing cold air. The water is in a mist form within the cooling tower, exchanging heat with the cold air, greatly increasing the contact area with the cold air and increasing the air-water contact surface area by more than 10% compared to packed towers. Because the water is mist-like inside the cooling tower, the flow resistance of the cooling medium is greatly reduced. Compared with packed towers, the resistance to cold air in the cooling space drops from 90-110 Pa to 30 Pa, a reduction of over 60%. This results in 35% energy savings for the fan and motor, and a 20% increase in ventilation volume. While downspray cooling towers have these significant advantages, if the water cannot be fully sprayed due to pressure or other reasons during the downspray process, sometimes even flowing downwards and failing to form a mist, it will not only affect the specific surface area of air-water contact, but also cause the water to fall too quickly, leading to insufficient air-water heat exchange time. If this occurs, it will diminish the advantages of the fillerless spray tower, making the cooling effect of the spray cooling tower not significantly different from that of a packed cooling tower. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fillerless spray cooling tower with good atomization effect and high cooling efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A fillerless spray cooling tower includes a tower body, in which a water collector, a water spraying device, and a secondary atomizing device are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The water spraying device includes a water supply pipe with several vortex atomizing nozzles. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water inlet, and the other end of the water supply pipe is closed and fixedly connected to the other end of the tower body. The bottom of the tower body is recessed downward and connected to a water outlet. An air inlet louver is provided on the side wall of the tower body, which is located below the secondary atomizing device. A ventilation opening is provided on the top wall of the tower body, and an exhaust fan is installed inside the ventilation opening.
[0007] Furthermore, the vortex atomizing nozzle includes a nozzle housing, which is divided into an upper vortex chamber and a lower acceleration chamber by a partition plate. A water inlet pipe is connected to the side wall of the vortex chamber, and the opening direction of the water inlet pipe is tangent to the outer wall of the vortex chamber. The water inlet pipe is connected to a water supply pipe. The vortex chamber is cylindrical, and a guide column is provided inside the vortex chamber. The upper end of the guide column is connected to the top wall of the vortex chamber, and the lower end of the guide column is connected to the bottom wall of the vortex chamber. The acceleration chamber is conical, and a water outlet is provided on the partition plate. A nozzle outlet is provided below the acceleration chamber. A water shield is fitted over the nozzle outlet, and a dispersion plate is provided inside the water shield. The edge of the dispersion plate is connected to the inner side wall of the water shield. Water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the dispersion plate, and a cross-shaped water distribution frame is provided inside the water outlet holes. An air duct is also provided on the water shield. One end of the air duct is connected to the outside of the nozzle, and the other end of the air duct is connected to the inside of the water shield.
[0008] Furthermore, the opening area of the water inlet is between one-quarter and one-eighth of the total area of the partition plate, and the water inlet and the water inlet pipe are located on opposite sides of the partition plate.
[0009] Furthermore, the secondary atomizing device is a double-layer grid plate, which includes an upper grid plate and a lower grid plate. The edge of the upper grid plate is connected to the inner wall of the tower body, and one edge of the lower grid plate is connected to a vibrator. The vibrator is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body, and the other edge of the lower grid plate slides in contact with the inner wall of the tower body. Several first and second clamping plates are also provided above and below the other edge of the lower grid plate to prevent the lower grid plate from falling off. The first and second clamping plates are parallel to the surface of the lower grid plate and one edge is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body. The first clamping plate is located above the lower grid plate, and the second clamping plate is located below the lower grid plate. The grid plate has honeycomb-shaped through holes evenly distributed inside, and the through holes of the upper grid plate are larger than those of the lower grid plate.
[0010] Furthermore, several high-temperature resistant elastic balls are provided between the upper and lower grating plates, and the high-temperature resistant elastic balls are connected by elastic ropes, with both ends of the elastic ropes connected to the inner side wall of the tower body.
[0011] Furthermore, the length of the elastic rope is greater than the diameter of the tower.
[0012] Furthermore, the distance between the upper and lower grating plates and the water outlet of the vortex atomizing nozzle is less than the water mist spray range of the vortex atomizing nozzle.
[0013] This invention utilizes a vortex atomizing nozzle. The upper vortex chamber of the nozzle is annular, increasing the pressure entering the nozzle. While the water flow rate remains constant, the flow velocity increases as the water passes through the inlet, further accelerating the water flow into the lower acceleration chamber. The water is then dispersed into mist through the outlet holes of the dispersion plate and the cross-shaped water divider, improving atomization and cooling effects. After falling onto the upper grating plate, some of the mist enters the bottom of the tower through the through-holes in both the upper and lower grating plates, while a larger portion... The water droplets collide with the grid plate and are dispersed again. Some smaller water droplets will adhere to the grid plate. To ensure the separation of water mist, elastic balls are also installed. The vibration of the elastic balls can gather the water mist on the grid plate into water droplets and shake them off, falling onto the second grid plate. The second grid plate will then collide with the larger water droplets. The smaller water droplets, after being cooled, will enter the bottom of the tower. The two layers of grid plates can also quickly collect the cooled water. The honeycomb shape of the grid plate's through holes ensures the stability of the grid plate's through hole shape. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vortex atomizing nozzle;
[0016] Figure 3 This diagram shows the positional relationship between the vortex chamber and the guide column.
[0017] Figure 4 Diagram showing the positional relationship between the water outlet and the water distribution frame;
[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the grating plate structure. Detailed Implementation
[0019] like Figure 1-5The diagram shows a fillerless spray cooling tower, comprising a tower body 1. Inside the tower body 1, from top to bottom, a water collector 2, a water spraying device 3, and a secondary atomizing device 4 are arranged sequentially. The water spraying device 3 includes a water supply pipe 31, on which several vortex atomizing nozzles 32 are provided. One end of the water supply pipe 31 is connected to a water inlet 33, and the other end of the water supply pipe 31 is closed and fixedly connected to the other end of the tower body 1. The bottom of the tower body 1 is recessed downward and connected to a water outlet 5. An air inlet louver 6 is provided on the side wall of the tower body 1, which is located below the secondary atomizing device 4. A ventilation opening 7 is provided on the top wall of the tower body 1, and an exhaust fan 8 is provided inside the ventilation opening 7. The vortex atomizing nozzle 32 includes a nozzle housing 321, which is divided into an upper vortex chamber 322 and a lower acceleration chamber 323 by a partition plate 325. A water inlet pipe 327 is connected to the side wall of the vortex chamber 322. The opening direction of the water inlet pipe is tangent to the outer side wall of the vortex chamber. The water inlet pipe is connected to a water supply pipe 31. The vortex chamber 322 is cylindrical. A guide column 324 is provided at the center of the vortex chamber 322. The upper end of the guide column 324 is connected to the top wall of the vortex chamber 322, and the lower end of the guide column 324 is connected to the bottom wall of the vortex chamber 322, so as to form an annular cavity for the vortex chamber 322. Setting a guide column at the center of the vortex cavity to form an annular cavity structure has the following functions: 1) The guide column restricts the water flow path, forces the water flow to flow along the annular channel, reduces turbulence interference, and makes the vortex more uniform and stable; 2) When the water flow is forced to rotate in the annular cavity, the centrifugal effect is enhanced, causing the water flow to move closely against the outer wall of the cavity, forming a stronger vortex, thereby improving the atomization efficiency.
[0020] The acceleration chamber 323 is conical, and the partition plate 325 has a water inlet 326. The opening area of the water inlet 326 occupies between one-quarter and one-eighth of the total surface area of the partition plate 325. The water inlet and the inlet pipe are located on opposite sides of the partition plate. The water flow forms a high-speed rotating spiral flow within the vortex chamber 322, adhering tightly to the outer wall of the chamber under centrifugal force. When the water flow reaches the water inlet 326, because the water inlet is located in the center (or a specific position) of the partition plate, the water flow passes through the water inlet at a high tangential velocity and enters the lower acceleration chamber 323. In the acceleration chamber 323, due to the conical shape of the chamber, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases, compressing and accelerating the water flow to form a high-speed jet. Simultaneously, the water flow is guided by the conical wall, further converging towards the center, significantly increasing its velocity. The conical structure gradually transforms the tangential motion of the vortex into axial motion, providing directional kinetic energy for the subsequent atomization by the dispersion plate.
[0021] Below the acceleration chamber 323 is a nozzle outlet, which is covered by a water shield 6. Inside the water shield 6 is a dispersion plate 11, the edge of which is connected to the inner wall of the water shield 6. Multiple water outlet holes 12 are evenly distributed on the dispersion plate 11, and a cross-shaped water divider 9 is provided inside each water outlet hole 12. The water shield 6 also has an air intake hole 10, one end of which connects to the outside of the nozzle, and the other end connects to the inside of the water shield 6. The air intake hole 10 has a structure that directs the airflow onto the liquid ejected from the nozzle outlet. The nozzle outlet, as the exit point for water flow from the acceleration chamber into the dispersion stage, is protected by the water shield 6, which restricts the disorderly diffusion of the water flow. The air introduced by the air intake hole mixes with the water flow ejected from the nozzle outlet, promoting evaporation and heat dissipation of the water droplets, while also increasing the suspension time of the droplets and creating a mixture of air and water for atomization. The high-speed water-air mixture impacts the dispersion plate 11, enhancing the atomization effect. The atomization effect is further improved through the water outlet 12. The cross structure of the water divider 9 further cuts the high-speed jet ejected from the nozzle outlet into smaller water droplets, forming a finer atomization effect.
[0022] The secondary atomizing device 4 is a double-layer grid plate, comprising an upper grid plate 41 and a lower grid plate 42. The edge of the upper grid plate 41 is connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1. One edge of the lower grid plate 42 is connected to a vibrator 17, which is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 1. The other edge of the lower grid plate 42 slides in contact with the inner wall of the tower body 1. Several first clamping plates 17 and second clamping plates 18 are provided above and below the other edge of the lower grid plate 42 to prevent it from falling off. Plate 18 is parallel to the surface of the lower grating plate 42 and one edge is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 1. A first clamping plate 17 is located above the lower grating plate 42, and a second clamping plate 18 is located below the lower grating plate 42. Both the first clamping plate 17 and the second clamping plate 18 are spaced 2-3 cm apart from the lower grating plate 42, providing space for the lower grating plate 42 to move up and down. The upper and lower grating plates (41, 42) have uniformly distributed honeycomb-shaped through holes 413 (or rectangular elongated holes), with the through holes in the upper grating plate 41 being larger than those in the lower grating plate 42. Several high-temperature resistant elastic balls 15 are also provided between the upper grating plate 41 and the lower grating plate 42, connected by elastic ropes 16. The ends of the elastic ropes 16 are connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1. The length of the elastic ropes 16 is greater than the diameter of the tower body 1. The distance between the upper grating plate 41 and the lower grating plate 42 and the water outlet of the vortex atomizing nozzle 32 is less than the water mist spray range of the vortex atomizing nozzle 32.
[0023] In use, when hot water enters the water supply pipe 31 from the inlet 33, and then enters the vortex atomizing nozzle 32, it first enters the vortex chamber 322, then rotates through the water outlet 326 and enters the acceleration chamber 323. Due to the small opening area of the water outlet 326, the flow rate of the hot water increases, and it then quickly rushes towards the nozzle outlet and is sprayed out through the water outlet 12 on the dispersion plate 11. The water divider 9 on the water outlet 12 further divides the water droplets, achieving a better atomization effect. The atomized water mist sprays downwards and hits the upper grid plate 41. The upper grid plate 41 separates the falling water mist into two parts: one part falls through the through-holes at the bottom of the tower body, and the other part adheres to... On the surface of the upper grating plate, since the vibrator 19 is connected to one side edge of the lower grating plate 42, the vibrator 19 drives the lower grating plate 42 to vibrate. At the same time, the lower grating plate 42 will cause the high-temperature resistant elastic ball 15 to bounce up and impact the upper grating plate 41. The water droplets attached to the upper grating plate will fall down through the vibration. Since the through holes of the lower grating plate are smaller than those of the upper grating plate, larger water droplets cannot pass through the through holes of the lower grating plate and will impact the lower grating plate 42 again until they can pass through the through holes of the lower grating plate. Smaller water droplets fall from the grating plate through the vibration, cool down and quickly enter the bottom of the tower body 1. After cooling water is collected, it is discharged from the outlet 5. The louvers allow outside air to enter and cool the temperature of the internal hot air.
Claims
1. A fillerless spray cooling tower, characterized in that, The tower body includes a water collector, a water spraying device, and a secondary atomizing device arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The water spraying device includes a water supply pipe with several vortex atomizing nozzles. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water inlet, and the other end is closed and fixedly connected to the other end of the tower body. The bottom of the tower body is recessed and connected to a water outlet. An air inlet louver is provided on the side wall of the tower body, which is located below the secondary atomizing device. A ventilation opening is provided on the top wall of the tower body, and an exhaust fan is installed inside the ventilation opening.
2. The fillerless spray cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex atomizing nozzle includes a nozzle housing, which is divided into an upper vortex chamber and a lower acceleration chamber by a partition plate. A water inlet pipe is connected to the side wall of the vortex chamber, and the opening direction of the water inlet pipe is tangent to the outer side wall of the vortex chamber. The water inlet pipe is connected to a water supply pipe. The vortex chamber is cylindrical and has a guide column inside. The upper end of the guide column is connected to the top wall of the vortex chamber, and the lower end of the guide column is connected to the bottom wall of the vortex chamber. The acceleration chamber is conical, and a water outlet is provided on the partition plate. A nozzle outlet is provided below the acceleration chamber. A water shield is fitted over the nozzle outlet, and a dispersion plate is provided inside the water shield. The edge of the dispersion plate is connected to the inner side wall of the water shield. Water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the dispersion plate, and a cross-shaped water distribution frame is provided inside the water outlet holes. An air duct is also provided on the water shield. One end of the air duct is connected to the outside of the nozzle, and the other end is connected to the inside of the water shield.
3. The fillerless spray cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening area of the water inlet is between one-quarter and one-eighth of the total area of the partition plate, and the water inlet and the water inlet pipe are located on opposite sides of the partition plate.
4. The fillerless spray cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that, The secondary atomizing device is a double-layer grid plate, which includes an upper grid plate and a lower grid plate. The edge of the upper grid plate is connected to the inner wall of the tower body, and one edge of the lower grid plate is connected to a vibrator. The vibrator is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body, and the other edge of the lower grid plate slides in contact with the inner wall of the tower body. Several first and second clamping plates are also provided above and below the other edge of the lower grid plate to prevent the lower grid plate from falling off. The first and second clamping plates are parallel to the surface of the lower grid plate and one edge is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body. The first clamping plate is located above the lower grid plate, and the second clamping plate is located below the lower grid plate. The grid plate has honeycomb-shaped through holes evenly distributed inside, and the through holes of the upper grid plate are larger than those of the lower grid plate.
5. The fillerless spray cooling tower according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several high-temperature resistant elastic balls are also provided between the upper and lower grating plates. The high-temperature resistant elastic balls are connected by elastic ropes, and the two ends of the elastic ropes are connected to the inner side wall of the tower body.
6. The fillerless spray cooling tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the elastic rope is greater than the diameter of the tower.
7. The fillerless spray cooling tower according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the upper and lower grating plates and the water outlet of the vortex atomizing nozzle is less than the water mist spray range of the vortex atomizing nozzle.