The invention provides a question and answer method based on multi-agent collaborative reasoning, and the method comprises the steps: simulating a multi-angle debate and
consensus forming process of a human expert team through configuring a plurality of agents of different professional analysis roles; taking a complete dialogue
inference summary, a structured response plan and a response text as a triple training
data set, selecting a
basic language model as a student model, and performing instruction
fine tuning and optimization on the student model by using the triple training
data set; and inputting the
question text of the user into the optimization model to obtain a final response text. The invention further discloses a method for generating high-quality (question, plan and answer) data pairs by using the method, and performing fine adjustment on the miniaturized model according to the high-quality (question, plan and answer) data pairs. According to the method, the complex multi-agent reasoning and planning capability can be'distilled 'into a
single model with lower deployment cost, the problem that the complex model is difficult to deploy on a large scale in practical application is solved, and the industrial practicability and economical efficiency of the technology are improved.