The invention relates to a method for collecting single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphids through a mobile collecting device. The method comprises the steps of selection of a single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphid collection place, placement of moss or sumac gallnuts, collection of migratory flight single-horned sumac gallnuts, bagging of the migratory flight single-horned sumac gallnuts, moss vaccination and the like. By building a mobile single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphid device, a shading black cloth can shield light in the left, right and rear directions, migratory flight aphids migrate and fly to lamp light in front of the collecting device in a concentrated mode, then run into a transparent plastic cover and fall into a collector on the lower portion, and therefore concentrated collection is facilitated. The method is designed based on the biological habit and migratory flight influencing factors of single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphids, has the advantages of being scientific in design, solid, durable, ventilative, resistant to wind, capable of blocking light and rain, convenient to move, high in efficiency and the like, provides stable and good migratory flight conditions for single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphids, facilitates rapid, safe and unified migratory flight of single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphids, facilitates concentrated collection, improves the migratory flight success rate, and lays the foundation for improving the single-horned sumac gallnut yield.