The invention discloses a new energy vehicle matching structure being convenient to quickly replace a power battery at a headstock, comprising a vehicle body and a battery arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the front part of the vehicle body is provided with a signal transmitter and a battery cover, and the battery cover is connected with a battery mounting frame in the vehicle body, and one side of the battery cover is connected with the vehicle body through a rotating shaft, and the other side is connected with the vehicle body through the first lock, and the vehicle body is provided witha driving device for driving the battery mounting frame up or down. The battery mounting rack is provided with a second lock for fixing the battery, and the second lock and the driving device are connected with a signal receiver arranged on the battery mounting rack through a control circuit board, and the control circuit board is connected with the first lock and the signal emitter. The invention is novel in design, simple in structure and convenient in use, can replace the battery quickly by using a battery replacement station, reduces a lot of time wasted by the vehicle owner due to charging, greatly increases the range of the electric vehicle, and greatly improves the endurance of the electric vehicle.