The invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation coatings for electronic components, in particular to an epoxy resin and graphene composite heat dissipation coating for 6061 aluminum alloy plates and a preparation method. The coating is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of epoxy resin, 4-6 parts of a reactive diluent, 1-2 parts of a dispersing agent, 3-5 parts of a curing agent, 2-3 parts of a cerium compound, 1-1.5 parts of a nitrogen-boron compound, 2-3 parts of a titanium compound and 0.0008-0.0012 part of graphene oxide powder. Epoxy resin and the curing agent of the heat dissipation coating are cross-linked to form a network-shaped chemical structure with high mechanical strength, the network-shaped chemical structure is used as a matrix, three radiation fillers including the cerium compound, the nitrogen-boron compound and the titanium compound and graphene oxide powder are used as fillers, and the heat dissipation coating is good in cohesiveness, adhesiveness, stability, chemical resistance and insulativity and high in mechanical strength. Most importantly, the heat dissipation coating is of an industrial grade, but the improvement of the heat dissipation performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy plate after the heat dissipation coating is applied to the 6061 aluminum alloy plate is superior to that of an existing nanoscale heat dissipation coating.