Use of thylakoids to reduce the urge for palatable food

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of isolated thylakoids, or parts thereof, to reduce the urge for palatable food, to reduce the need to smoke and / or to reduce the urge for alcoholic beverages. Presumably, the urge and the need are reduced by affecting the rewarding value of the various stimuli.

Description

technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of compositions that affect the desire for various types of food, particularly palatable food, and the reward value associated with the intake of such food. Furthermore, the present invention relates to compositions that affect the craving for nicotine and the reward value associated therewith. Background technique

[0002] Today, more than one billion adults in the world are overweight, that is, the body mass index (BMI) is 25-30kg / m 2 Between, and more than 300 million people are obese, BMI>30kg / m 2 . In addition, overweight and obesity are strongly associated with hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.

[0003] Now in Western societies we have increased availability of savory foods such as sweet foods, or foods that are often fatty and high on the glycemic index. This may have contributed to the global weight gain observed over the past few decades. The worldwi...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0088] Example 1 - Decreased cravings for palatable foods

[0089] this research:

[0090] 38 women were recruited through posters and advertisements in the local community (Lund, Sweden). Criteria were women aged 40-65, BMI between 25-33, non-smoking and healthy; exclusion criteria included diabetes, food allergy, irritable bowel syndrome, food intolerance and recent antibiotic use. Subjects were not vegetarians and had not been on a diet for the last three months. The baseline characteristics of the 38 women included can be seen in Table 1. Create two experimental groups by random selection. The ethics committee in Lund, Sweden approved the study.

[0091] Table 1 – Baseline characteristics of the 38 women before the dietary intervention study

[0092]

[0093] BMI = body mass index, defined as the relationship between body weight (kg) and body length (meters) squared

[0094] FFM = Fat Free Mass; includes bone, muscle and organs.

[0095] Subjects arrived at the...

Embodiment 2

[0112] Example 2 - Decreased need for nicotine

[0113]It is well known that smokers typically experience an increased urge to smoke when participating in a weight loss program, primarily because nicotine reduces appetite and reduces the taste for food. Unexpectedly, some smokers who had taken thylakoids on a regular basis spontaneously reported a reduction in the craving for nicotine. Often, thylakoid agents are given as part of a weight loss program.

[0114] One smoker was included in the study of Example 1 by oversight. The women, who had smoked about 17 cigarettes a day for the past 40 years, reported a significant reduction in their desire to smoke while participating in the study. At the end of the study she reported an increase in the urge to smoke.

[0115] Another woman, who normally smokes about 23 cigarettes a day, reported that when she started taking thylakoid agents regularly, her cigarette consumption decreased to about 15 a day. In addition, she reported ...

Embodiment 3

[0117] Example 3 - Decreased desire for palatable food during dietary intervention

[0118] The effects observed in Example 1 were achieved without caloric restriction. However, most weight loss programs are based on calorie restriction. The effect of thylakoids on hedonic hunger during caloric restriction commonly used in bariatric studies was thus also investigated.

[0119] subjects

[0120] Forty-eight middle-aged (40-65 years) non-smoking overweight women who were not currently or recently on a diet were recruited for screening by advertisements in local newspapers. Exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid disease, food allergy, and BMI over 33. Thirty individuals were enrolled as study participants. All 30 enrolled participants completed the study. Adherence was determined by diaries, interviews, and daily use of pedometers. Four participants (one from the control group and three from the thylakoid group) were excluded from d...

technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of compositions that affect the desire for various types of food, particularly palatable food, and the reward value associated with the intake of such food. Furthermore, the present invention relates to compositions that affect the craving for nicotine and the reward value associated therewith. Background technique

[0002] Today, more than one billion adults in the world are overweight, that is, the body mass index (BMI) is 25-30kg / m 2 Between, and more than 300 million people are obese, BMI>30kg / m 2 . In addition, overweight and obesity are strongly associated with hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.

[0003] Now in Western societies we have increased availability of savory foods such as sweet foods, or foods that are often fatty and high on the glycemic index. This may have contributed to the global weight gain observed over the past few decades. The worldwi...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0088] Example 1 - Decreased cravings for palatable foods

[0089] this research:

[0090] 38 women were recruited through posters and advertisements in the local community (Lund, Sweden). Criteria were women aged 40-65, BMI between 25-33, non-smoking and healthy; exclusion criteria included diabetes, food allergy, irritable bowel syndrome, food intolerance and recent antibiotic use. Subjects were not vegetarians and had not been on a diet for the last three months. The baseline characteristics of the 38 women included can be seen in Table 1. Create two experimental groups by random selection. The ethics committee in Lund, Sweden approved the study.

[0091] Table 1 – Baseline characteristics of the 38 women before the dietary intervention study

[0092]

[0093] BMI = body mass index, defined as the relationship between body weight (kg) and body length (meters) squared

[0094] FFM = Fat Free Mass; includes bone, muscle and organs.

[0095] Subjects arrived at the...

Embodiment 2

[0112] Example 2 - Decreased need for nicotine

[0113]It is well known that smokers typically experience an increased urge to smoke when participating in a weight loss program, primarily because nicotine reduces appetite and reduces the taste for food. Unexpectedly, some smokers who had taken thylakoids on a regular basis spontaneously reported a reduction in the craving for nicotine. Often, thylakoid agents are given as part of a weight loss program.

[0114] One smoker was included in the study of Example 1 by oversight. The women, who had smoked about 17 cigarettes a day for the past 40 years, reported a significant reduction in their desire to smoke while participating in the study. At the end of the study she reported an increase in the urge to smoke.

[0115] Another woman, who normally smokes about 23 cigarettes a day, reported that when she started taking thylakoid agents regularly, her cigarette consumption decreased to about 15 a day. In addition, she reported ...

Embodiment 3

[0117] Example 3 - Decreased desire for palatable food during dietary intervention

[0118] The effects observed in Example 1 were achieved without caloric restriction. However, most weight loss programs are based on calorie restriction. The effect of thylakoids on hedonic hunger during caloric restriction commonly used in bariatric studies was thus also investigated.

[0119] subjects

[0120] Forty-eight middle-aged (40-65 years) non-smoking overweight women who were not currently or recently on a diet were recruited for screening by advertisements in local newspapers. Exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid disease, food allergy, and BMI over 33. Thirty individuals were enrolled as study participants. All 30 enrolled participants completed the study. Adherence was determined by diaries, interviews, and daily use of pedometers. Four participants (one from the control group and three from the thylakoid group) were excluded from d...

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