A deep sea columnar sediment sampling device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device and method, belonging to the technical field of seabed sediment sampling, comprising: a sampling tube, a sample tube, a lead block, a first steel wire rope, a hanger, a hanger mounting plate and a knife edge, wherein the hanger mounting plate is mounted on the top of the sampling tube, the knife edge is mounted on the bottom of the sampling tube, the sample tube is mounted in the sampling tube, the hanger is mounted on the top of the hanger mounting plate, a slide groove is arranged on the lead block, slide rails are arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the sampling tube, the slide groove and the slide rail are of equal length, a limit plate is arranged on the top of the slide rail, the slide groove is slidably connected with the slide rail, a steel wire rope groove is arranged on the top of the lead block, a lifting ring is arranged on the side wall of the sampling tube, and the two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively connected with the lifting ring and the bottom of the steel wire rope groove. The lead block of the invention is connected with the sampling tube through the sliding connection of the slide rail and the slide groove, which increases the sinking inertia of the sampling tube in the seawater while continuously assisting the sampling tube to move into the seabed sediment, and also realizes the separate recovery of the sampling tube and the lead block, reducing the difficulty of recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seabed sediment sampling, and in particular relates to a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device and method. Background Art

[0002] Seabed sediments can provide important information for marine geological research. Gravity column samplers are an important device for obtaining seabed sediments. The gravity column is put into the seawater. Under the acceleration after the gravity of the gravity column is subtracted from the buoyancy, it accelerates to move toward the seabed and finally extends into the seabed sediments. At the same time, the seabed sediments enter the interior of the gravity column sampler to form columnar sediments, and finally obtain the seabed sediment samples in the gravity column. The longer the length of the columnar sediments, and the more they can be kept in their original state, the more information obtained for the research. Therefore, the length of the columnar sediments can be increased by increasing the gravity of the gravity column sampler. However, the greater the gravity of the gravity column sampler, the greater the difficulty of recovery. Chinese patent (CN107478459B) discloses a deep-sea gravity columnar sediment sampler with a throwable load, and the lead block load that increases the inertia of the sampling tube is permanently left on the seabed when the sampling tube is recovered. Lead blocks or other metals are constantly corroded in seawater, especially lead, which is a heavy metal. This not only wastes material costs, but also affects the ecological environment of the seabed. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device and method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device comprises: a sampling tube, a sample tube, a lead block, a first steel wire rope, a hanger, a hanger mounting plate and a knife edge, wherein the hanger mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the top end of the sampling tube, the knife edge is mounted on the bottom end of the sampling tube, the sample tube is mounted in the sampling tube, the top and bottom ends respectively abut against the hanger mounting plate and the knife edge, the outer wall of the sample tube is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube, the hanger is mounted on the top end of the hanger mounting plate, the lead blocks are arranged in two symmetrical positions, a slide groove is arranged on the lead blocks, slide rails are arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the sampling tube, the slide groove and the slide rail are of equal length, a limit plate is arranged on the top end of the slide rail, the slide groove is slidably connected to the slide rail, a steel wire rope groove is arranged on the top end of the lead block, a lifting ring is arranged on the side wall of the sampling tube, one end of the two first steel wire ropes is respectively fixed to the bottom ends of the two steel wire rope grooves, and the other end is respectively fixed to the two lifting rings.

[0006] Furthermore, a center hole is provided at the center of the hanger mounting plate, and a sample protection cover is provided at the top end of the hanger mounting plate. The sample protection cover is hingedly mounted on the hanger mounting plate and can block the center hole.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a power-assisting buffer device, which includes a spring and a fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sampling tube and is located below the lead block. The bottom end of the spring is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, and the top end abuts against the bottom end of the lead block.

[0008] Furthermore, the power-assisting buffer device also includes a guide rubber, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube and located on the inner side of the spring, with the bottom end abutting against the fixing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide portion is provided on the sampling tube, and the guide portion is located below the fixing plate, and is used to reduce the resistance of the sampling tube when it sinks in water.

[0010] Furthermore, sampling petals are arranged in the blade.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of winding columns are vertically arranged in the wire rope groove for winding the first wire rope.

[0012] A deep-sea columnar sediment sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. After fixing the wire rope on the sampling ship at the top of the hanger, sink the deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device into the sea;

[0014] S2. During the sinking process of the sampling tube, seawater enters from the knife edge, passes through the sample tube and then opens the sample protection cover, thus reducing the resistance during sinking. Meanwhile, the guide part can also reduce the resistance during sinking of the sampling tube.

[0015] S3. Under the inertial effect of the lead block and the sampling tube gravity, the bottom end of the sampling tube is inserted into the seabed sediment with the help of the knife edge, and the seabed sediment enters the sample tube in a columnar shape; during the process, the lead block slides down continuously on the slide rail with the help of the slide groove and compresses the spring, and the spring elastic force pushes the fixed plate to make the sampling tube continue to move into the seabed sediment, increasing the sampling length of the columnar sediment; after the slide groove of the lead block completely slides out of the slide rail, the bottom ends of the two lead blocks are separated from the sampling tube under the action of the guide rubber;

[0016] S4. After the sampling is completed, the sampling ship pulls the hanger upwards by means of a steel wire rope. The sample protection cover blocks the central hole under the action of the seawater resistance. The sampling petals in the blade are sealed to prevent the columnar sediments on the seabed from escaping. The sampling tube continuously pulls the first steel wire rope out of the steel wire rope groove during the rising process. After the sampling tube reaches the sampling ship, the two lead blocks are pulled out respectively by means of the first steel wire rope.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The lead block of the present invention sinks with the sampling tube in the seawater, increases the inertia of the sampling tube, increases the speed of the sampling tube entering the seabed sediment, and then increases the sampling length of the seabed columnar sediment; the sampling tube starts to decelerate after entering the seabed sediment, and the lead block continues to move downward under the action of inertia through the cooperation of the chute and the slide rail, and compresses the spring, and the spring elastic force continues to push the fixed plate downward, assisting the sampling tube to continue to move into the seabed sediment, further increasing the sampling length of the seabed columnar sediment; then the chute is completely separated from the slide rail, and the bottom of the lead block is completely separated from the sampling column under the action of the guide rubber; after the sampling tube is recovered, the two lead blocks are pulled out respectively by the first steel wire rope, reducing the tension of the steel wire rope on the sampling ship during recovery, reducing the difficulty of recovery, and avoiding the lead block being stranded on the seabed to pollute the ecological environment of the seabed. On the one hand, the present invention realizes the recovery of the lead block, and on the other hand, the first steel wire rope and the lead block increase the weight of the gravity column. During the recovery process, the first steel wire rope is rolled out from the lead block, and the tension is reduced when the lead block is recovered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view of a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a left view of a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view of a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of CC;

[0026] Among them, in the figure:

[0027] 10-sampling tube, 11-slide rail, 12-limiting plate, 13-hanging ring, 14-guide part, 20-sample tube, 30-lead block, 31-slide groove, 32-wire rope groove, 33-winding column, 40-first wire rope, 50-hanger, 60-hanger mounting plate, 61-center hole, 62-sample protection cover, 70-knife edge, 71-sampling petals, 80-boost buffer device, 81-spring, 82-fixing plate, 83-guide rubber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] See attached Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device, comprising: a sampling tube 10, a sample tube 20, a lead block 30, a first steel wire rope 40, a hanger 50, a hanger mounting plate 60 and a knife edge 70. The hanger mounting plate 60 is fixedly mounted on the top of the sampling tube 10. When the sampling tube 10 sinks in the seawater, it is always fixedly connected to the steel wire rope on the sampling ship. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 10 is pulled up by the steel wire rope and the hanger 50; the knife edge 70 is mounted on the bottom end of the sampling tube 10, and the sample tube 20 is installed in the sampling tube 10. The top and bottom ends are respectively abutted against the hanger mounting plate 60 and the knife edge 70. The outer wall of the sample tube 20 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube 10. When the sampling tube 10 enters the seabed sediment, the seabed sediment can be sampled with the assistance of the knife edge 70. To keep entering the sample tube 20 as it is; the hanger 50 is installed on the top of the hanger mounting plate 60, the lead block 30 is set to two symmetrical ones, the lead block 30 is provided with a slide groove 31, and slide rails 11 are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the sampling tube 10. The slide groove 31 and the slide rail 11 are equal in length, and a limit plate 12 is provided at the top of the slide rail 11. The slide groove 31 is slidably connected with the slide rail 11. The limit plate 12 can prevent the lead block 30 from being dragged out of the slide rail 11 due to the resistance of seawater during the sinking of the sampling tube 10 in the seawater; a wire rope groove 32 is provided on the top of the lead block 30, and a lifting ring 13 is provided on the side wall of the sampling tube 10. One end of the two first steel wire ropes 40 is respectively fixed to the bottom end of the two wire rope grooves 32, and the other end is respectively fixed to the two lifting rings 13.

[0031] When the sampling tube 10 is sunk, the limit plate 12 blocks the lead block 30 from sliding off the sampling tube 10, thereby increasing the inertia of the sampling tube 10, and further increasing the speed of the sampling tube 10 when it contacts the seabed sediment, and finally increasing the sampling length of the seabed columnar sediment in the sample tube 20; after the sampling tube 10 enters the seabed sediment, it gradually decelerates, and the lead block 30 relies on inertia to make the slide groove 31 slide out of the slide rail 11 and detach from the sampling tube 10. After the sampling tube 10 is recovered, the two lead blocks 30 are pulled out separately by the first steel wire rope 40, thereby reducing the tension of the steel wire rope on the sampling ship during recovery, reducing the difficulty of recovery, and avoiding the lead block 30 from being stranded on the seabed and polluting the ecological environment of the seabed.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, a center hole 61 is provided at the center of the hanger mounting plate 60, and a sample protection cover 62 is provided at the top of the hanger mounting plate 60. The sample protection cover 62 is hingedly mounted on the hanger mounting plate 60, and the sample protection cover 62 has a certain opening, and the opening angle is less than 90 degrees; when the sampling tube 10 sinks, seawater enters from the knife edge 70, passes through the sample tube 20 and then opens the sample protection cover 62, thereby reducing the resistance during sinking, and at the same time, the guide portion 14 can also reduce the resistance of the sampling tube 10 during sinking; after the sampling is completed, the sampling ship pulls the hanger 50 upward by a steel wire rope, and the sample protection cover 62 is closed under the action of the seawater resistance, thereby sealing the center hole 61 and preventing seawater from entering the sample tube 20.

[0033] Preferably, in an embodiment, a deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device also includes a power-assisting buffer device 80, which includes a spring 81 and a fixed plate 82. The fixed plate 82 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sampling tube 10 and is located below the lead block 30. The bottom end of the spring 81 is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 82, and the top end abuts against the bottom end of the lead block 30.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the power-assisting buffer device 80 further includes a guide rubber 83 , which is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube 10 , located inside the spring 81 , and has a bottom end abutting against the fixing plate 82 .

[0035] The sampling tube 10 decelerates after entering the seabed sediment. The lead block 30 continues to move downward under the action of inertia through the cooperation of the slide groove 31 and the slide rail 11, and compresses the spring 81. The elastic force of the spring 81 continues to push the fixed plate 82 downward, helping the sampling tube 10 to continue to move into the seabed sediment, further increasing the sampling length of the seabed columnar sediment; then the slide groove 31 is completely separated from the slide rail 11, and the bottom of the lead block 30 is completely separated from the sampling column under the action of the guide rubber 83.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, a guide portion 14 is provided on the sampling tube 10 . The guide portion 14 is located below the fixing plate 82 and is used to reduce the resistance of the sampling tube 10 when it sinks in water.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, sampling petals 71 are provided in the blade 70. The sampling petals 71 seal and prevent columnar sediments on the seabed from escaping. The sampling petals 71 are a common technical means in gravity column samplers and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of winding posts 33 are vertically arranged in the wire rope groove 32 for winding the first wire rope 40. The first wire rope 40 is orderly wound in the wire rope groove 32 through the winding posts 33, and the situation that the wire rope is knotted when the lead block 30 is recovered is also avoided.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A deep-sea columnar sediment sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. After fixing the wire rope on the sampling ship at the top of the hanger 50, the deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device is sunk into the sea;

[0042] S2, during the sinking process of the sampling tube 10, seawater enters from the knife edge 70, passes through the sample tube 20 and then breaks open the sample protection cover 62, thereby reducing the resistance during sinking. Meanwhile, the guide portion 14 can also reduce the resistance during sinking of the sampling tube 10;

[0043] S3. Under the inertial effect of the gravity of the lead block 30 and the sampling tube 10, the bottom end of the sampling tube 10 is inserted into the seabed sediment with the help of the knife edge 70, and the seabed sediment enters the sample tube 20 in a columnar shape; during the process, the lead block 30 continuously slides downward on the slide rail 11 with the help of the slide groove 31 and compresses the spring 81, and the elastic force of the spring 81 pushes the fixed plate 82 to make the sampling tube 10 continue to move into the seabed sediment, thereby increasing the sampling length of the columnar sediment; after the slide groove 31 of the lead block 30 completely slides out of the slide rail 11, the bottom ends of the two lead blocks 30 are separated from the sampling tube 10 under the action of the guide rubber 83;

[0044] S4. After the sampling is completed, the sampling ship pulls the hanger 50 upwards by means of a steel wire rope, the sample protection cover 62 blocks the central hole 61 under the action of the seawater resistance, and the sampling petals 71 in the blade 70 are sealed to prevent the columnar sediments on the seabed from escaping; the sampling tube 10 continuously pulls the first steel wire rope 40 out of the steel wire rope groove 32 during the rising process; after the sampling tube 10 reaches the sampling ship, the two lead blocks 30 are pulled out respectively by means of the first steel wire rope 40.

[0045] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device, characterized in that: include: A sampling tube (10), a sample tube (20), a lead block (30), a first steel wire rope (40), a hanger (50), a hanger mounting plate (60) and a knife edge (70), wherein the hanger mounting plate (60) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the sampling tube (10), the knife edge (70) is mounted on the bottom end of the sampling tube (10), the sample tube (20) is mounted in the sampling tube (10), the top end and the bottom end respectively abut against the hanger mounting plate (60) and the knife edge (70), the outer wall of the sample tube (20) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube (10), the hanger (50) is mounted on the top end of the hanger mounting plate (60), and the lead block (30) are arranged to be symmetrical, a slide groove (31) is arranged on the lead block (30), slide rails (11) are arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the sampling tube (10), the slide groove (31) and the slide rail (11) are of equal length, a limit plate (12) is arranged at the top of the slide rail (11), the slide groove (31) is slidably connected with the slide rail (11), a wire rope groove (32) is arranged at the top of the lead block (30), a lifting ring (13) is arranged on the side wall of the sampling tube (10), one end of the two first steel ropes (40) is respectively fixed to the bottom end of the two wire rope grooves (32), and the other end is respectively fixed to the two lifting rings (13); A center hole (61) is provided at the center of the hanger mounting plate (60), and a sample protection cover (62) is provided at the top end of the hanger mounting plate (60). The sample protection cover (62) is hingedly mounted on the hanger mounting plate (60) and is capable of blocking the center hole (61). It also includes a booster buffer device (80), the booster buffer device (80) including a spring (81) and a fixing plate (82), the fixing plate (82) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sampling tube (10) and located below the lead block (30), the bottom end of the spring (81) being fixedly mounted on the fixing plate (82), and the top end being in contact with the bottom end of the lead block (30); The booster buffer device (80) further comprises a guide rubber (83), wherein the guide rubber (83) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube (10), is located inside the spring (81), and has a bottom end abutting against the fixing plate (82); The sampling tube (10) is provided with a guide portion (14), the guide portion (14) being located below the fixing plate (82) and being used to reduce the resistance of the sampling tube (10) when it sinks in water; The knife edge (70) is provided with a sampling petal (71); A plurality of winding columns (33) are vertically arranged in the wire rope groove (32) for winding the first wire rope (40); A deep-sea columnar sediment sampling method comprises the following steps: S1. After the wire rope on the sampling ship is fixed to the top of the hanger (50), the deep-sea columnar sediment sampling device is sunk into the sea; S2, during the sinking process of the sampling tube (10), seawater enters from the knife edge (70), passes through the sample tube (20), and then opens the sample protection cover (62), thereby reducing the resistance during the sinking process. At the same time, the guide portion (14) can also reduce the resistance during the sinking process of the sampling tube (10); S3. Under the inertial effect of the gravity of the lead block (30) and the sampling tube (10), the bottom end of the sampling tube (10) is inserted into the seabed sediment with the help of the knife edge (70), and the seabed sediment enters the sample tube (20) in a columnar shape; during the process, the lead block (30) continuously slides downward on the slide rail (11) with the help of the slide groove (31) and compresses the spring (81), and the elastic force of the spring (81) pushes the fixed plate (82) to make the sampling tube (10) continuously move into the seabed sediment, thereby increasing the sampling length of the columnar sediment; after the slide groove (31) of the lead block (30) completely slides out of the slide rail (11), the bottom ends of the two lead blocks (30) are separated from the sampling tube (10) under the action of the guide rubber (83); S4. After the sampling is completed, the sampling ship pulls the hanger (50) upwards by means of the steel wire rope, and the sample protection cover (62) blocks the central hole (61) under the action of the seawater resistance, and the sampling petals (71) in the blade (70) are sealed to prevent the columnar sediments on the seabed from escaping; the sampling tube (10) continuously pulls the first steel wire rope (40) out of the steel wire rope groove (32) during the rising process; after the sampling tube (10) reaches the sampling ship, the two lead blocks (30) are pulled out respectively by means of the first steel wire rope (40).

Images