Reinforced concrete structure surface alkali-activated modified coating protective material and preparation and application methods thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of anticorrosive coating materials for reinforced concrete structures, in particular to an alkali-activated modified coating protective material for the surface of a reinforced concrete structure and a preparation method and application method of the alkali-activated modified coating protective material. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for the surface of the reinforced concrete structure is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of a gelling component, 10 to 15 parts of an activator, 3 to 7 parts of a thickening time control agent, 1 to 3 parts of a corrosion inhibitor, 1 to 4 parts of a reinforcing agent, 1 to 2 parts of a tackifier, 0.2 to 1.0 part of a microcrystalline waterproof agent, 1 to 3 parts of fibers and 0.5 to 2 parts of a de-foaming agent. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the alkali-activated modified coating protective material. The reinforced concrete structure surface alkali-activated modified coating protective material obtained by the invention has the advantages of high strength, good construction workability, strong adhesion with a substrate interface, good surface air permeability resistance, strong chloride ion permeability resistance, good water resistance, good crack resistance, good interface protection performance on concrete, and good corrosion resistance. The anti-rust agent has the advantages of strong anti-rust protection performance on steel bars in a concrete structure, improvement of the durable service performance of the reinforced concrete structure, low carbon, environmental protection, low cost, simple process and the like, and has better practical application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concrete structure durability, and in particular to an alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of a reinforced concrete structure and a preparation and application method thereof. Technical Background

[0002] In recent years, concrete materials have deteriorated, and the depth of carbonization on the concrete surface is too deep, causing the alkalinity of the steel bar surface to decrease, accelerating the corrosion of the steel bar. In engineering construction, due to the cracking of concrete raw materials, improper mix design, loose vibration, and inadequate maintenance, the porosity of the concrete surface is often high. High porosity means more voids in the concrete, which makes it easier for carbon dioxide to penetrate and diffuse into the concrete. The carbonation reaction consumes calcium hydroxide in the concrete to produce calcium carbonate, and this process gradually reduces the pH value of the concrete. The high pH value of concrete (usually above 12.5) is a key factor in protecting the steel bars from corrosion. When the pH value drops below about 10, the passive film of the steel bars begins to break and the steel bars begin to corrode. As the depth of carbonization deepens, the alkalinity of the protective layer weakens, making the steel bars more likely to react with oxygen and water in the environment, accelerating the corrosion process. This rust not only reduces the cross-section of the steel bars, but may also cause rust expansion, which in turn causes spalling and cracking of the concrete. The rust of steel bars will directly affect the bearing capacity and ductility of the concrete structure. The rusted steel bars cannot work effectively with the concrete, reducing the overall stability and safety of the structure.

[0003] Insufficient rebar cover thickness. Insufficient rebar cover is a common problem that can be caused by a variety of factors and have a serious impact on the durability of the rebar and the integrity of the entire structure. During the pouring process, if the concrete fails to properly cover the rebar to the specified thickness, the rebar will lack adequate protection. This may be due to inaccurate positioning during construction, formwork movement, or uneven concrete pouring. Or due to design errors, in aggressive environments (such as salt water environments, high humidity or chemical corrosion environments), the design does not comply with relevant building codes or standards, resulting in insufficient cover thickness. This makes the rebar susceptible to corrosion. Rebar is exposed to more moisture and oxygen, especially in environments where chloride ions are present (such as marine environments or areas where snow melting agents are used). Chloride ions can penetrate the concrete and react directly with the rebar, causing the rebar to corrode rapidly. As corrosion progresses, the effective cross-section of the rebar will gradually decrease, which directly affects the load-bearing capacity and tensile strength of the rebar. The rust products produced by the corrosion of the rebar are larger in volume than the steel itself, and the internal stress generated by this volume expansion is sufficient to crack or even peel off the concrete surrounding it. The bearing capacity of the structure decreases and its ability to resist external loads weakens, which may eventually lead to structural failure and increase safety risks.

[0004] The erosion of the chloride environment in coastal areas can cause salt to penetrate into the pores of concrete and react with the hydration components in the concrete, affecting its chemical stability. In particular, sodium chloride can react with cement stone in concrete to produce soluble compounds, thereby reducing the coagulation strength of concrete. The hygroscopicity of salt leads to frequent water absorption and drying cycles on the surface and inside of concrete, which can lead to the generation and expansion of microcracks, further accelerating the deterioration of concrete. The moisture and salt in the salt spray accelerate the carbonization process of concrete, because salt helps to absorb and retain water, which is necessary in the carbonization process. Carbonation is the process of calcium hydroxide reacting with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate, which will gradually reduce the pH value of concrete and destroy its alkaline environment. In a salt spray environment, the presence of chloride ions significantly increases the corrosion rate of steel bars. Chloride ions can penetrate concrete and reach the surface of steel bars, destroying the passivation film on the surface of steel bars, thereby initiating corrosion reactions. At the same time, chloride ions are particularly prone to pitting on the surface of steel bars, which is a localized corrosion that causes small and deep pits on the surface of steel bars. Pitting can significantly reduce the effective cross-section of steel bars and seriously affect their structural strength. Due to the influence of salt spray environment, concrete structures in coastal areas need more frequent maintenance and repair. By protecting the surface of the structure from the harsh environment, its service life can be extended.

[0005] Steel bar corrosion protection for old building structures. Over time, the bearing capacity of concrete structures may be weakened due to factors such as material aging, environmental erosion, and steel bar corrosion. Through repair and protection measures, the service life of building structures can be extended and the need and cost of future repairs can be reduced. Through surface coating repair, cracks and voids in concrete are filled to reduce the intrusion of harmful substances such as moisture, carbon dioxide and chloride ions. The alkaline environment of the protective layer can be restored or improved, thereby slowing down or preventing the corrosion process of the steel bars. Improve and extend the durability of concrete structures.

[0006] Advantages of alkali-activated materials as structural coatings Alkali-activated materials generally have good adhesion properties because they can form chemical bonds with a variety of substrates. On concrete surfaces, this means that alkali-activated coatings can form a strong bond with the substrate, providing a durable protective layer. Alkali-activated silicates and aluminates react with calcium ions in water (from calcareous materials in concrete such as limestone or calcium hydrates in old concrete) to form aluminosilicate gel (CASH). This gel is a gel with adhesive properties, similar to the calcium silicate gel (CSH) formed in traditional Portland cement, which helps to bond between materials. The formed aluminosilicate gel fills the voids in the microstructure of the concrete substrate and further reacts with silicates and aluminates in the concrete substrate to enhance the bonding strength of the interface. This bonding is not only physical embedding and mechanical anchoring, but more of a chemical bond, ensuring a strong adhesion between the coating or repair material and the old concrete. As the reaction proceeds and the gel is formed, the interface between the alkali-activated material and the substrate gradually develops a dense microstructure, which not only provides good adhesion, but also significantly improves the durability and erosion resistance of the overall structure. Due to the inherent high alkalinity of alkali-activated materials, the use of these materials as concrete surface coatings or repair materials can effectively increase or restore the surface alkalinity of old concrete structures and help protect or re-passivate already damaged steel reinforcement.

[0007] There are obvious deficiencies in the application of ordinary alkali-activated materials in coatings. The curing of alkali-activated materials is sensitive to temperature and humidity. Improper curing conditions will significantly affect the performance of the materials. Due to their high alkaline solution and rapid reaction characteristics, alkali-activated materials are prone to large shrinkage in the early stages of curing, especially in environments where water evaporates rapidly. This may lead to the development of microcracks on the surface or inside. As a surface coating for concrete structures, it is prone to cracking and must be modified.

[0008] In terms of research, Kriven, Zuhua Zhang, Jadambaa Temuujin, M.Irfan, DavidWiyono, Rostami, Zhetao Zhang, Lv, Chattarika Phiangphimai and others from abroad used kaolin, blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, magnesium oxide, silicate cement, fiber and other materials to prepare geopolymer coatings to improve the bonding time, bonding performance, mechanical properties, waterproof performance, permeability, anti-corrosion performance, etc. of the structural surface coating; Zheng Juanrong, Liu Haifeng, Zhang Zhetao, Luo Junyao, Zhang Dongrui, Liang Hang and others from China used kaolin, fly ash, slag and fiber as raw materials to prepare geopolymer coatings to improve the performance of steel bars and concrete surfaces. However, there is no effective solution to the cracking of coatings in domestic and foreign research, and the coordination of comprehensive performance is obviously insufficient. Although the patent "Preparation method and application of a phosphorus-magnesium-based cement concrete coating protective material" mentioned low cost, it actually used magnesium oxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and a variety of special materials and additives, which is costly. At the same time, the water resistance of magnesium phosphate-based cement has not yet been resolved, as shown by current domestic and international research. The patent mentions that it has excellent resistance to chloride ion permeability and water resistance, which still needs further verification.

[0009] In summary, considering the impact of deteriorated surface protection of concrete structures on steel bar rust prevention and the characteristics of alkali-activated materials, it is urgent to develop a new type of reinforced concrete structure surface coating protective material with excellent comprehensive performance, low carbon and environmental protection, and simple process. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an alkali-activated modified coating protective material for the surface of reinforced concrete structure. The material has the advantages of high strength, better surface air permeability resistance, stronger resistance to chloride ion permeability, better water resistance and crack resistance, and stronger adhesion to the interface with the substrate, outstanding interface protection performance for concrete, and stronger rust prevention performance for the steel bars inside the concrete structure.

[0011] To this end, the present invention provides an alkali-activated modified coating protective material for the surface of reinforced concrete structure, characterized in that the coating protective material is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of gelling component, 10-15 parts of activator, 3-7 parts of setting regulator, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor, 1-4 parts of reinforcing agent, 1-2 parts of viscosity enhancer, 0.2-1.0 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent, 1-3 parts of fiber, and 0.5-2 parts of defoaming agent.

[0012] Preferably, the gelling component comprises, by mass, 45-65 parts of fly ash, 25-45 parts of mineral powder, and 10-15 parts of silica fume. The fly ash contains 49.10% SiO2, 3.51% CaO, 1.70% MgO, 29.33% Al2O3, 6.70% Fe2O3, 1.71% K2O, 1.31% LOI, and a fineness of 280 mesh. The mineral powder contains 33.7% SiO2, and 1.71% MgO. 0%, CaO is 40.01%, MgO is 4.65%, Al2O3 is 13.83%, Fe2O3 is 0.75%, K2O is 0.95%, LOI is 0.82%, and the fineness is 480 mesh; the silica ash composition SiO2 is 92.44%, CaO is 0.83%, MgO is 0.66%, Al2O3 is 0.08%, Fe2O3 is 0.43%, LOI is 2.30%, and the fineness is 900 mesh.

[0013] Preferably, the activator is composed of the following components in mass fractions: 10-15 parts of sodium silicate and 2-5 parts of sodium carbonate. The sodium silicate is a solid powder, containing 46-48% silicon dioxide, 50-51.5% sodium oxide, a fineness of 18-60 mesh, and a dissolution rate of 50-60s. The sodium carbonate is a white powder with a molecular formula of Na2CO3, a relative molecular mass of 105.99, and a net content of more than 99.8%. The setting agent is borax, containing 3-7 parts by mass, a molecular formula of Na2B4O17·10H2O, a relative molecular mass of 381.37, and a net content of more than 99.5%.

[0014] Preferably, the rust inhibitor is composed of the following components: 1 part of sodium benzoate, 0.5 part of sodium monofluorophosphate, and 1.5 parts of trisodium phosphate; the enhancer is composed of the following components: 0.5-1 part of epoxy resin, 0.15-0.5 part of curing agent, and 0.75-1.5 parts of silicon dioxide.

[0015] Preferably, the tackifier is composed of the following components: 0.5-1.0 part of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5-1.0 part of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0016] Preferably, the microcrystalline waterproofing agent is composed of a white penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch, wherein the penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch has 0.2-1.0 parts, a water content of less than 1.5%, and a fineness of less than 5%.

[0017] Preferably, the fiber is composed of the following components: 1-1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber and 1-1.5 parts of glass fiber. The length of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 6 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the defoamer is a silicone defoamer with a density of about 0.9-1.1 g / cm 3, active ingredient content ≥90%.

[0019] The present invention further provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0020] ① Preparation of powder: weigh the gelling component, activator, setting regulator, rust inhibitor, reinforcing agent, viscosity enhancer, microcrystalline waterproofing agent, fiber, and defoaming agent according to the above proportions, stir evenly and set aside;

[0021] ② Mix with water: Mix the prepared powder with water in a ratio of 1:0.36-0.38 and stir to form a slurry.

[0022] The present invention also provides an application method of the above-mentioned alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0023] ①Concrete surface cleaning: clean the floating dust and oil stains on the concrete surface;

[0024] ② Moistening the concrete surface: Before applying the coating, spray tap water on the concrete surface and wait for the concrete surface to dry. The surface drying time is about 30 minutes to 60 minutes;

[0025] ③Concrete surface coating: Apply the slurry of alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure to the concrete surface, and the thickness is controlled at 0.2-0.5mm;

[0026] ④Concrete surface maintenance: After the coating is applied, maintain it in time and keep the surface moist.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1) Enhanced protection: The material contains rust inhibitors and microcrystalline waterproofing agents, which can effectively prevent corrosion and moisture penetration in reinforced concrete structures. Rust inhibitors can reduce the rust of steel bars, and microcrystalline waterproofing agents block moisture by penetration and crystallization, which can increase the durability and corrosion resistance of the structure.

[0029] Improved adhesion and strength: The addition of adhesion promoters (silane coupling agents KH-570 and KH-550) and reinforcing agents (epoxy resin and epoxy curing agent, silica) can significantly improve the adhesion and mechanical strength between the coating and the substrate. This not only ensures a strong bond between the coating and the concrete, but also increases the wear resistance and impact resistance of the coating.

[0030] 2) Controlling the setting time: The use of borax as a setting regulator can adjust the setting time of the alkali-activated cementitious component, ensuring that the coating has sufficient working time during construction and achieves the expected performance after curing. This is particularly important in large-scale construction and complex-shaped concrete structures.

[0031] 3) Improved construction performance: The addition of defoamer 6050 helps reduce bubbles and surface defects generated during construction, improving the flatness and construction quality of the coating. This also helps reduce rework and repairs, saving construction time and costs.

[0032] 4) Better chemical stability: Due to the combination of activator, alkali-activated gelling component and tackifier, the material has better chemical stability in various environments. This helps to reduce performance degradation caused by environmental changes and chemical corrosion.

[0033] 5) Effectively improve the crack resistance: By adding viscosity enhancers and reinforcing agents, the tensile strength and toughness of the coating are improved, effectively preventing the cracking of the coating.

[0034] 6) Versatility and wide applicability: The material’s combination of ingredients gives it a variety of properties and makes it suitable for different types of reinforced concrete structures. This versatility gives it a wide range of applications in the fields of construction, industry, infrastructure, etc.

[0035] 7) Overall, the protective material created by this invention has significant advantages in terms of corrosion resistance, adhesion, strength, durability, and construction performance. These characteristics make it an effective solution for protecting reinforced concrete structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Photo of the coating setting time measurement.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a photo of the coating flow measurement.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a photo of the coating compressive strength measurement.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a photo of the coating flexural strength measurement.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a photo of the coating air permeability measurement.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a photo showing the bond strength measurement of sea sand concrete surface coating.

[0042] Figure 7 Photo of coating resistance to chloride ions.

[0043] Figure 8This is a photo of the electrochemical test specimen of sea sand concrete surface coating.

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a photo of the open circuit potential, impedance and current density electrochemical testing workstation.

[0045] Fig.10 The coating strength diagram of Examples 1-9 is shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by this patent to achieve the predetermined purpose, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, as follows.

[0047] The words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "bottom" and "top", "inside" and "outside" respectively refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component.

[0048] The invention provides an alkali-activated modified coating protective material for the surface of a reinforced concrete structure. The material is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of a gelling component, 10-15 parts of an activator, 3-7 parts of a setting regulator, 1-3 parts of a rust inhibitor, 1-4 parts of a reinforcing agent, 1-2 parts of a viscosity enhancer, 0.2-1.0 parts of a microcrystalline waterproofing agent, 1-3 parts of fibers, and 0.5-2 parts of a defoaming agent.

[0049] The above-mentioned gelling components are composed of 45-65 parts of fly ash, 25-45 parts of mineral powder, and 10-15 parts of silica fume by mass. The fly ash is of the second grade, with the composition of SiO2 of 49.10%, CaO of 3.51%, MgO of 1.70%, Al2O3 of 29.33%, Fe2O3 of 6.70%, K2O of 1.71%, and LOI of 1.31%; the density is 2.41g / cm3, and the fineness is 280 mesh. The mineral powder is of S95 grade. The composition is SiO2 of 33.70%, CaO of 40.01%, MgO of 4.65%, Al2O3 of 13.83%, Fe2O3 of 0.75%, K2O of 0.95%, LOI of 0.82%, the density is 2.90g / cm3, and the fineness is 480 mesh. The silica fume components are SiO2: 92.44%, CaO: 0.83%, MgO: 0.66%, Al2O3: 0.08%, Fe2O3: 0.43%, LOI: 2.30%, and the fineness is 900 mesh.

[0050] The above activator comprises, by mass, 10-15 parts of sodium silicate and 2-5 parts of sodium carbonate. The sodium silicate is a solid powder, 46-48% of silicon dioxide, 50-51.5% of sodium oxide, with a fineness of 18-60 meshes and a dissolution rate of 50-60 seconds. The sodium carbonate is a white powder with a molecular formula of Na2CO3, a relative molecular mass of 105.99, and a net content of more than 99.8%.

[0051] The above-mentioned setting agent is borax, with a mass component of 3-7 parts, a molecular formula of Na2B4O17·10H2O, a relative molecular mass of 381.37, and a net content of more than 99.5%.

[0052] The above rust inhibitor is composed of the following components: 1 part of sodium benzoate, 0.5 part of sodium monofluorophosphate, and 1.5 parts of trisodium phosphate. The sodium benzoate content is ≥ 99.0%, the mesh number is 60-100 mesh sieve, fine powder or crystalline solid, density 1.44g / cm 3 . Among them, sodium monofluorophosphate, content ≥98.0%, mesh size 60-80 mesh, density 2.5g / cm 3 Among them, trisodium phosphate, content ≥98.0%, mesh size 60-80 mesh, density 2.54g / cm 3 .

[0053] The above-mentioned reinforcing agent is composed of the following components: 0.5-1 part of epoxy resin, 0.15-0.5 part of epoxy resin curing agent, and 0.75-1.5 part of silicon dioxide. The epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin with an epoxy value of 0.45 equivalent / 100 grams. The epoxy resin curing agent is a comprehensive phenolic amine curing agent, which is a light brown transparent viscous liquid with a density of 1.08-1.09g / cm3. The silicon dioxide is fumed silicon dioxide with a specific surface area of ​​350m 2 / g, density is about 2.2g / cm 3 , silicon dioxide content 99.8%, pH value 4.1.

[0054] The above-mentioned tackifier is composed of the following components: 0.5-1.0 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5-1.0 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The density of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is about 1.045g / cm 3 , molecular weight 248.37g / mol, purity ≥98%, viscosity 2-5mPa·s, active component (methacryloyloxy) content ≥95%. The density of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 0.946g / cm 3 , molecular weight 221.37g / mol, purity ≥97%, epoxy value 0.94mmol per gram, viscosity: 2-3mPa·s.

[0055] The microcrystalline waterproofing agent is composed of a white penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch, wherein the penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch contains 0.2-1.0 parts of the masterbatch, has a water content of less than 1.5%, and a fineness (0.63mm sieve residue) of less than 5%.

[0056] The fiber is composed of the following components: 1-1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber and 1-1.5 parts of glass fiber. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber has a density of 1.3 g / cm 3 , fiber length is less than 6mm, tensile strength is 1200-1600MPa, elastic modulus is 30-38GPa. Among them, glass fiber has a density of 2.60g / cm 3 , fiber length is less than 6mm, tensile strength is 2000-3500MPa, and elastic modulus is 70-90GPa.

[0057] The above defoamer is 0.5-2 parts of silicone defoamer. The silicone defoamer is white or light-colored powder with a density of about 0.9-1.1 g / cm 3 , active ingredient content ≥90%, pH value 6.0-8.0, fineness 200 mesh.

[0058] The present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned reinforced concrete structure surface alkali-activated modified coating protective material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0059] ① Preparation of powder: weigh the gelling component, activator, setting regulator, rust inhibitor, reinforcing agent, viscosity enhancer, microcrystalline waterproofing agent, fiber, and defoaming agent according to the above proportions, stir evenly and set aside;

[0060] ② Mix with water: Mix the prepared powder with water in a ratio of 1:0.36-0.38 and stir to form a slurry.

[0061] The present invention also provides an application method of the above-mentioned alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0062] ①Concrete surface cleaning: clean the floating dust and oil stains on the concrete surface;

[0063] ② Moistening the concrete surface: Before applying the coating, spray tap water on the concrete surface and wait for the concrete surface to dry. The surface drying time is about 30 minutes to 60 minutes;

[0064] ③Concrete surface coating: Apply the prepared reinforced concrete structure surface alkali-activated modified coating protective material slurry on the concrete surface, and the thickness is controlled at 0.2-0.5mm;

[0065] ④Concrete surface maintenance: After the coating is applied, maintain it in time and keep the surface moist.

[0066] The performance and technical principle of the protective material of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0067] Alkali-activated cementitious components such as fly ash, mineral powder and silica fume, under the action of activators, generate stable silicate and aluminate hydrates through alkali activation reaction. This reaction not only enhances the mechanical strength of the material, but also significantly improves the impermeability by filling the microscopic pores of concrete. The hydration products form a dense barrier to resist the invasion of external environmental factors (such as moisture and harmful chemicals).

[0068] Alkali activators sodium silicate and sodium carbonate play a core role in alkali-activated modified coatings, mainly by activating the activity of cementitious materials such as fly ash, mineral powder, and silica fume, and promoting their reaction with water to form a solid gel. Sodium silicate, as an alkali metal silicate, can quickly release silicate (SiO32-) and sodium ions (Na+) after dissolving in water. These ions provide a high pH environment in the solution. Silicate and high pH environment help to dissociate silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al) components in materials such as fly ash to form more active silicate and aluminate. Formation of aluminosilicate hydrates: The dissociated silicon and aluminum react with hydroxide ions (OH - ) reacts to form aluminosilicate hydrate, a substance with good structural stability and mechanical strength. Enhanced bonding performance: The formation of aluminosilicate hydrate helps the material bond, improves the overall structural strength and durability of the coating, and fills the microscopic pores of the concrete to increase its sealing. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) releases carbonate (CO3 2- ) and sodium ions (Na + The activation mechanism of sodium carbonate includes: pH adjustment: carbonate decomposes in water to produce carbonic acid, which further dissociates into bicarbonate (HCO3 - ) and hydroxide ions (OH - ), providing a stable high pH environment, which is conducive to chemical reactions. Promote carbonation reaction: Sodium carbonate can promote the carbonation reaction of materials such as fly ash, that is, carbonate ions react with calcium, silicon, and aluminum in the material to form stable compounds such as calcium carbonate, silicon carbonate, and aluminum carbonate, which enhance the hardness and chemical stability of the coating. Improve corrosion resistance: The carbonate compounds formed have good water resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. These properties help the coating block the penetration of water and harmful chemicals, thereby protecting concrete and steel bars.

[0069] When the setting agent borax comes into contact with an alkaline environment, it will gradually decompose and release boric acid. Boric acid is a weak acid, and its release process is relatively slow, which will reduce the reaction rate of the alkaline components in the alkali-activated material, thereby delaying the solidification process. Neutralize alkalinity. The boric acid released by borax can partially neutralize the alkaline components in the alkali-activated material, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. This process leads to a decrease in the activity of the alkali-activated reaction, thereby delaying the solidification of the material. Formation of complexes: Boric acid can form stable complexes with metal ions in the alkali-activated material. The formation of this complex will reduce the available metal ions in the alkali-activated material, thereby inhibiting the reaction and delaying the solidification process. Influence on the gel phase structure: The addition of borax may change the structure of the gel phase of the alkali-activated material. Due to the presence of boric acid, the chain structure in the gel phase may be destroyed or changed, thereby affecting the hardening and solidification process of the material. Delay the reaction kinetics in the early stage of the reaction: Since the boric acid released by borax can affect the initial reaction kinetics of the alkali-activated material, this will cause the nucleation and growth processes in the material to be delayed, thereby extending the solidification time.

[0070] Rust inhibitor sodium monofluorophosphate can form a protective layer of phosphate and fluoride with the metal surface in the alkali-activated coating. This protective layer can reduce the contact between oxygen and corrosive media, thereby reducing the corrosion rate. By forming a stable protective layer, sodium monofluorophosphate helps to increase the corrosion resistance of the coating and improve durability. Trisodium phosphate has the ability to buffer alkalinity and can maintain a stable pH value for alkali-activated coatings. Sodium benzoate has certain antioxidant properties and can inhibit the occurrence of oxidation reactions on the metal surface. By reducing oxidation reactions, the possibility of corrosion can be reduced. Sodium benzoate has high stability and can play a role in the alkali-activated coating for a long time, which helps to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0071] Epoxy resin and curing agent, enhance the bonding strength. Epoxy resin has high strength and good bonding force, which can enhance the bonding force between the alkali-activated coating and the substrate, which makes the coating stronger and can be better attached to the substrate. In addition, the epoxy resin has a stable structure and is resistant to chemical corrosion, which can provide better protection and reduce the coating from chemical corrosion or environmental influences. At the same time, the toughness of the coating is increased. The high elasticity and toughness of the epoxy resin can increase the flexibility of the coating, making it more resistant to impact and stress. The network structure formed by the reaction of the epoxy curing agent and the epoxy resin can enhance the mechanical strength, tensile strength and bending resistance of the coating. Silicon dioxide can increase the strength and hardness of the coating, adjust the rheological properties of the coating, and enhance the chemical stability of the coating.

[0072] Coupling agent KH-550 improves the interfacial adhesion of the coating. It contains amino and siloxane groups. The amino group can react with the organic polymer matrix, while the siloxane group can react with the inorganic filler, substrate or other silicon-based materials. This dual reactivity enhances the interfacial adhesion between the alkali-activated coating and the substrate. Improved water resistance: KH-550 enhances the water resistance of the coating by forming a chemical bond between the coating and the substrate, reducing moisture penetration and possible corrosion. KH-570 is an alkoxysilane coupling agent that contains a methacrylic acid group. The presence of this group enables KH-570 to provide higher hydrophobicity in alkali-activated coatings, reducing the penetration and impact of moisture on the coating.

[0073] Penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch contains active chemical ingredients that penetrate into the tiny pores of the coating and substrate when in contact with water and alkaline environments. These active ingredients react with water and other alkaline-activated substances in the pores to form insoluble crystals. These crystals gradually grow and fill the pores and tiny cracks, thus forming a waterproof barrier. By blocking the penetration of water, penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch can prevent corrosion, swelling and other damage caused by moisture. Moreover, these crystals are permanent and will not decompose over time. Therefore, penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch can provide a long-lasting waterproof effect. When new cracks or pores appear, the crystallization process can continue to further seal these newly formed defects. At the same time, the structural strength of the coating and substrate is enhanced.

[0074] During coating application, defoamers quickly destroy air bubbles, preventing them from becoming trapped in the coating and causing holes and weak spots. This helps ensure a more uniform and protective coating.

[0075] The coating material of the present invention not only provides efficient protection for reinforced concrete through the synergistic effect of the above components, but also reduces material costs and improves environmental performance by utilizing industrial byproducts such as fly ash and mineral powder. Its comprehensive properties of self-healing, corrosion resistance, waterproofing and enhanced structural strength make it particularly suitable for modern construction projects, especially in engineering projects that require high durability and environmental adaptability. This invention demonstrates the cutting-edge progress of building materials technology, which has achieved a significant improvement in the performance of traditional building materials through advanced chemical formulations and materials engineering. In addition, this material can be further optimized and adjusted to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios according to different environmental conditions and specific needs.

[0076] Refer to Schedule 1 and Figure 1-10 , the specific implementation cases of the present invention are as follows:

[0077] Benchmark Group:

[0078] This example is a benchmark group, which is used to compare the performance of the concrete surface coating. The benchmark group implementation includes the following steps:

[0079] (1) No coating.

[0080] (2) Performance test: C30 sea sand concrete test blocks were prepared and the air permeability of the concrete surface was measured (e.g. Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in the benchmark group in Appendix 1.

[0081] Embodiment 1:

[0082] A method for preparing an alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of a reinforced concrete structure and its application, comprising the following steps:

[0083] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 63 parts of fly ash, 27 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 1.33 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 0.5 parts of epoxy resin and 0.165 parts of epoxy curing agent and 0.665 parts of silicon dioxide); 1.5 parts of tackifier (component ratio is 0.75 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.75 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0084] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 1 of Appendix 1.

[0085] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.3812 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0086] Embodiment 2:

[0087] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 63 parts of fly ash, 27 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 2 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 0.75 parts of epoxy resin and 0.25 parts of epoxy curing agent and 1 part of silicon dioxide); 1 part of tackifier (component ratio is 0.5 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0088] (2) Performance test: The prepared powder is subjected to coagulation time (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ) determination; make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and conduct concrete surface air permeability determination (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration resistance test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 2 of Appendix 1.

[0089] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.0603 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0090] Embodiment 3:

[0091] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 63 parts of fly ash, 27 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 2.67 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 1 part of epoxy resin and 0.335 parts of epoxy curing agent and 1.335 parts of silicon dioxide); 2 parts of tackifier (component ratio is 1 part of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1 part of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0092] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 3 of Appendix 1.

[0093] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.38 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (the component ratio is 54 parts of fly ash, 36 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (the component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (the component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 1.33 parts of reinforcing agent (the component ratio is 0.5 parts of epoxy resin and 0.165 parts of epoxy curing agent and 0.665 parts of silicon dioxide); 1 part of tackifier (the component ratio is 0.5 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0096] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 4 of Appendix 1.

[0097] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.3802 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0098] Embodiment 5:

[0099] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 54 parts of fly ash, 36 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 2 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 0.75 parts of epoxy resin and 0.25 parts of epoxy curing agent and 1 part of silicon dioxide); 2 parts of tackifier (component ratio is 1 part of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1 part of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0100] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9), the test results are shown in Example 5 of Appendix 1.

[0101] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.3802 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0102] Embodiment 6:

[0103] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 54 parts of fly ash, 36 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica ash); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting agent composed of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 2.67 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 1 part of epoxy resin and 0.335 parts of epoxy curing agent and 1.335 parts of silicon dioxide); 1.5 parts of tackifier (component ratio is 0.75 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.75 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0104] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration resistance test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 6 of Appendix 1.

[0105] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.3803 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0106] Embodiment 7:

[0107] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 45 parts of fly ash, 45 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate); 5 parts of setting agent consisting of borax; 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate); 1.33 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 0.5 parts of epoxy resin and 0.165 parts of epoxy curing agent and 0.665 parts of silicon dioxide); 2 parts of tackifier (component ratio is 1 part of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1 part of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane); 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent consisting of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch; and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0108] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration resistance test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 7 of Appendix 1.

[0109] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.3804 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0110] Embodiment 8:

[0111] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 45 parts of fly ash, 45 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica fume); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate), 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax, 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate), 2 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 0.75 parts of epoxy resin and 0.25 parts of epoxy curing agent and 1 part of silicon dioxide), 1.5 parts of tackifier (component ratio is 0.75 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.75 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch, and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0112] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration resistance test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9 ), the test results are shown in Example 8 of Appendix 1.

[0113] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:0.3804 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0114] Embodiment 9:

[0115] (1) Preparation of powder: according to the above proportions, weigh 100 parts of alkali-activated gelling components (component ratio is 45 parts of fly ash, 45 parts of mineral powder, and 10 parts of silica ash); 12 parts of activator (component ratio is 10 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium carbonate), 5 parts of setting regulator composed of borax, 1.5 parts of rust inhibitor (component ratio is 1 part of sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.5 parts of sodium benzoate), 2.67 parts of reinforcing agent (component ratio is 1 part of epoxy resin and 0.335 parts of epoxy curing agent and 1.335 parts of silicon dioxide), 1 part of tackifier (component ratio is 0.5 parts of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), 0.5 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent composed of penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch, and 0.5 parts of defoaming agent.

[0116] (2) Performance test: The coagulation time of the prepared powder is measured (such as Figure 1 ), fluidity determination (such as Figure 2 ), compressive strength determination (such as Figure 3 ), flexural strength performance test (such as Figure 4 ); Make C30 sea sand concrete test blocks and measure the air permeability of concrete surface (such as Figure 5 ), surface adhesion determination (such as Figure 6 ) and chloride ion penetration resistance test (such as Figure 7 ); Make electrochemical test specimens (such as Figure 8 ), the chloride ion content in the concrete was 0.351%, and electrochemical tests of open circuit potential, impedance and current density were performed (such as Fig. 9), the test results are shown in Example 9 of Appendix 1.

[0117] (3) Coating application: Mix the prepared powder and water in a ratio of 1:3806 to form a slurry, and apply it evenly on the concrete surface with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Appendix 1: Performance of coating, impact on concrete surface and protection test of steel bars inside sea sand concrete

[0121] In the above-mentioned Appendix 1: open circuit potential is E (mV / SCE), impedance is R (Ω·cm2), current density is I (μA / cm2), setting time (min), fluidity (mm), compressive strength (MPa), flexural strength (MPa), air permeability is API (ln (mbar) / min), resistance to chloride ion penetration is 10-12m2 / s, surface adhesion is MPa. Appendix 1 provides a total of 9 groups of embodiments, which are distinguished according to the setting time of the coating. The test items of each group of embodiments are: 1. The effect of the coating on the surface performance of C30 concrete; 2. The electrochemical test results of the coating on the protection of the steel bars inside the C30 sea sand concrete (90 days), which fully prove the technical effect of this application.

[0122] Reference Figure 1-10 And Appendix 1, detailed introduction of the technical effects of the present invention:

[0123] 1) Enhanced protection: The material contains rust inhibitors and microcrystalline waterproofing agents, which can effectively prevent corrosion and moisture penetration in reinforced concrete structures. Rust inhibitors can reduce the rust of steel bars, and microcrystalline waterproofing agents block moisture by penetration and crystallization, which can increase the durability and corrosion resistance of the structure.

[0124] Improved adhesion and strength: The addition of adhesion promoters (silane coupling agents KH-570 and KH-550) and reinforcing agents (epoxy resin and epoxy curing agent, silica) can significantly improve the adhesion and mechanical strength between the coating and the substrate. This not only ensures a strong bond between the coating and the concrete, but also increases the wear resistance and impact resistance of the coating.

[0125] 2) Controlling the setting time: The use of borax as a setting regulator can adjust the setting time of the alkali-activated cementitious component, ensuring that the coating has sufficient working time during construction and achieves the expected performance after curing. This is particularly important in large-scale construction and complex-shaped concrete structures.

[0126] 3) Improved construction performance: The addition of defoamer 6050 helps reduce bubbles and surface defects generated during construction, improving the flatness and construction quality of the coating. This also helps reduce rework and repairs, saving construction time and costs.

[0127] 4) Better chemical stability: Due to the combination of activator, alkali-activated gelling component and tackifier, the material has better chemical stability in various environments. This helps to reduce performance degradation caused by environmental changes and chemical corrosion.

[0128] 5) Effectively improve the crack resistance: By adding viscosity enhancers and reinforcing agents, the tensile strength and toughness of the coating are improved, effectively preventing the cracking of the coating.

[0129] 6) Versatility and wide applicability: The material’s combination of ingredients gives it a variety of properties and makes it suitable for different types of reinforced concrete structures. This versatility gives it a wide range of applications in the fields of construction, industry, infrastructure, etc.

[0130] 7) Overall, the protective material created by this invention has significant advantages in terms of corrosion resistance, adhesion, strength, durability, and construction performance. These characteristics make it an effective solution for protecting reinforced concrete structures.

[0131] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforced concrete structure surface alkali-activated modified coating protective material, characterized in that: The coating protection material is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of gelling component, 10-15 parts of activator, 3-7 parts of setting regulator, 1-3 parts of rust inhibitor, 1-4 parts of reinforcing agent, 1-2 parts of viscosity enhancer, 0.2-1.0 parts of microcrystalline waterproofing agent, 1-3 parts of fiber, and 0.5-2 parts of defoaming agent.

2. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gelling components are composed of fly ash 45-65 parts, mineral powder 25-45 parts, and silica fume 10-15 parts by mass. The fly ash contains 49.10% SiO2, 3.51% CaO, 1.70% MgO, 29.33% Al2O3, 6.70% Fe2O3, 1.71% K2O, 1.31% LOI, and a fineness of 280 mesh. The mineral powder contains 33.70% SiO2. , CaO is 40.01%, MgO is 4.65%, Al2O3 is 13.83%, Fe2O3 is 0.75%, K2O is 0.95%, LOI is 0.82%, and the fineness is 480 mesh; the silica ash composition SiO2 is 92.44%, CaO is 0.83%, MgO is 0.66%, Al2O3 is 0.08%, Fe2O3 is 0.43%, LOI is 2.30%, and the fineness is 900 mesh.

3. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The activator is composed of the following components in mass fractions: 10-15 parts of sodium silicate and 2-5 parts of sodium carbonate. The sodium silicate is a solid powder, containing 46-48% of silicon dioxide, 50-51.5% of sodium oxide, 18-60 meshes of fineness, and a dissolution rate of 50-60s. The sodium carbonate is a white powder, with a molecular formula of Na2CO3, a relative molecular mass of 105.99, and a net content of more than 99.8%. The setting agent is borax, with a mass fraction of 3-7 parts, a molecular formula of Na2B4O17·10H2O, a relative molecular mass of 381.37, and a net content of more than 99.5%.

4. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is composed of the following components: 1 part of sodium benzoate, 0.5 part of sodium monofluorophosphate, and 1.5 parts of trisodium phosphate; the reinforcing agent is composed of the following components: 0.5-1 part of epoxy resin, 0.15-0.5 part of curing agent, and 0.75-1.5 part of silicon dioxide.

5. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tackifier is composed of the following components: 0.5-1.0 part of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5-1.0 part of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

6. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The microcrystalline waterproofing agent is composed of a white penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch, wherein the penetrating crystallization waterproofing masterbatch has 0.2-1.0 parts, a water content of less than 1.5%, and a fineness of less than 5%.

7. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fiber is composed of the following components: 1-1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber and 1-1.5 parts of glass fiber. The length of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 6 mm.

8. The alkali-activated modified coating protective material for reinforced concrete structure surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The defoamer is a silicone defoamer with a density of about 0.9-1.1 g / cm 3 , active ingredient content ≥90%.

9. A method for preparing the alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The steps include: ① Preparation of powder: weigh the gelling component, activator, setting regulator, rust inhibitor, reinforcing agent, viscosity enhancer, microcrystalline waterproofing agent, fiber, and defoaming agent according to the above proportions, stir evenly and set aside; ② Mix with water: Mix the prepared powder with water in a ratio of 1:0.36-0.38 and stir to form a slurry.

10. An application method of the alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ①Concrete surface cleaning: clean the floating dust and oil stains on the concrete surface; ② Moistening the concrete surface: Before applying the coating, spray tap water on the concrete surface and wait for the concrete surface to dry. The surface drying time is about 30 minutes to 60 minutes; ③Concrete surface coating: Apply the slurry of alkali-activated modified coating protective material on the surface of reinforced concrete structure to the concrete surface, and the thickness is controlled at 0.2-0.5mm; ④Concrete surface maintenance: After the coating is applied, maintain it in time and keep the surface moist.

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