Environment restoration iron-carbon nano adsorbent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an iron-carbon nano adsorbent for environmental remediation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of iron-carbon nano catalysts. Comprising the following steps: 1, preparing an iron salt solution, a carbon source, a reducing agent and a binder; 2, mixing the ferric salt solution with a reducing agent to prepare iron nanoparticles; 3, preparing a carbon nanomaterial by using an arc discharge method; 4, mixing the iron nanoparticles in the step 2, the carbon nanomaterial in the step 3 and the binder in the step 1 according to a certain mass ratio, adding a certain solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution; step five, separating the mixed solution in the step four to obtain iron-carbon nano-particles mixed with impurities, and washing the iron-carbon nano-particles mixed with impurities with a solvent to obtain pure iron-carbon nano-particles; and 6, putting the pure iron-carbon nanoparticles in the step 5 into a mold, and drying and molding at a certain temperature to obtain the iron-carbon nano adsorbent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of iron-carbon nano catalysts, in particular to an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano adsorbent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and the continuous increase of human activities, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. Among them, heavy metals, organic matter and other pollutants in water and soil pose a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. Traditional environmental remediation methods such as physical, chemical and biological methods have problems such as high cost, low efficiency and easy to produce secondary pollution. Therefore, the development of efficient, economical and environmentally friendly environmental remediation materials and technologies is of great practical significance.

[0003] As a new type of environmental remediation material, iron-carbon nanomaterials have the advantages of large specific surface area, high reactivity, and strong adsorption performance, and have broad application prospects in the field of environmental remediation. However, the existing preparation methods of iron-carbon nanomaterials have problems such as complex process, high cost, and poor stability, which limit their application in practice. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: A method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prepare iron salt solution, carbon source, reducing agent, and binder; Step 2: Mixing an iron salt solution and a reducing agent to obtain iron nanoparticles at a certain reaction temperature and reaction time; Step 3: preparing carbon nanomaterials by arc discharge method; Specifically, two carbon sources are used as electrodes, and carbon nanotubes are produced by arc discharge under the protection of an inert gas.

[0006] Step 4: Mix the iron nanoparticles in step 2, the carbon nanomaterials in step 3, and the binder in step 1 in a certain mass ratio, add a certain solvent, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed solution; Specifically, iron nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and a binder are first mixed together, and then a solvent is added to the mixture, and the mixture is stirred evenly using a stirring instrument.

[0007] Step 5: separating the mixed solution in step 4 to obtain iron-carbon nanoparticles mixed with impurities, and washing the iron-carbon nanoparticles mixed with impurities with a solvent to obtain pure iron-carbon nanoparticles; Specifically, by washing the mixed impurities of the iron-carbon nanoparticles with a solvent, impurities and unreacted substances can be removed to improve the purity of the iron-carbon nanoparticles.

[0008] Step 6: Place the pure iron-carbon nanoparticles in step 5 in a mold, dry and mold at a certain temperature to obtain an iron-carbon nanoadsorbent.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the iron salt solution in the step one is one of ferric chloride solution, ferrous sulfate solution, and ferric nitrate solution, the carbon source in the step one is one of graphene and activated carbon, the reducing agent in the step one is one of sodium borohydride and hydrazine hydrate, and the binder is one of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium alginate.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the concentration of the iron salt solution in step 2 is 0.1 mol / L to 0.3 mol / L, and the concentration of the reducing agent in step 2 is 0.2 mol / L to 0.6 mol / L.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the reaction temperature in step 2 is 24-26° C., and the reaction time in step 2 is 28-32 min.

[0012] Specifically, within the temperature range and reaction time, the particle size of the iron nanoparticles can be guaranteed to be 10 to 50 nm, thereby ensuring that the carbon nanoparticles and the iron nanoparticles can be fully mixed together. The specific method is to add a reducing agent twice the amount of the iron salt solution to the iron salt solution, then adjust the indoor temperature to 24 to 26°C, and use a stirring instrument to stir the above solution for 28 to 32 minutes.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mass ratio of iron nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, binder and solvent in step 4 is iron nanoparticles: carbon nanomaterials: binder: solvent = 1:1-3:1:5-15, and the solvents in steps 2 and 5 are both deionized water.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the separation method in step five is ultracentrifugation separation.

[0015] Specifically, the mixed solution is placed in a centrifuge tube and the centrifuge is started. The centrifuge performs high-speed centrifugation on the mixed solution according to the set centrifugal force and time, so that the nanoparticles are deposited at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. The centrifuge is then turned off and the supernatant is gently poured off, leaving the nanoparticle precipitate. Finally, the nanoparticle precipitate is resuspended with an appropriate amount of solvent to obtain purified nanoparticles.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drying method in step six is ​​to use a drying oven for drying at a temperature of 60 to 100°C.

[0017] Specifically, the purified nanoparticles are placed in a mold, and the mold is placed in a drying oven, the drying temperature is adjusted to 60-100° C., and the drying time is adjusted to 4 hours, and finally an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent is obtained.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention provides an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, including an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, wherein the iron-carbon nano-adsorbent is a finished product prepared according to any one of claims 1-7.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the environmental remediation iron-carbon nanoadsorbent and its preparation method, the iron-carbon nanoadsorbent prepared by the above method, have the advantages of simple production process, low cost, high catalytic activity and stability, and effectively solve the problems of complex process, high cost and unstable catalytic performance in the existing preparation method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent for environmental remediation and a method for preparing the same, disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix 100 ml of 0.1 mol / L ferric chloride solution and 100 ml of 0.2 mol / L sodium borohydride solution, and stir at 24° C. for 30 min to obtain iron nanoparticles; Step 2: Using two carbon sources as electrodes, and generating carbon nanotubes by arc discharge under the protection of inert gas; Step 3: Mix the iron nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2:1:10, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution; Step 4: placing the mixed solution in a centrifuge tube and starting the centrifuge. The centrifuge centrifuges the mixed solution at high speed according to the set centrifugal force and time, so that the nanoparticles are deposited at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. Then, the centrifuge is turned off, and the supernatant is gently poured off, leaving the nanoparticles precipitated. Finally, the nanoparticle precipitate is resuspended with an appropriate amount of solvent to obtain purified nanoparticles. Step 5: Place the purified nanoparticles in a mold, and place the mold in a drying oven, adjust the drying temperature to 60°C, and adjust the drying time to 4 hours to finally obtain an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent.

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix 100 ml of 0.2 mol / L ferrous sulfate solution and 100 ml of 0.4 mol / L sodium borohydride solution, and stir at 25° C. for 30 min to obtain iron nanoparticles; Step 2: Using two carbon sources as electrodes, and generating carbon nanotubes by arc discharge under the protection of inert gas; Step 3: Mix the iron nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, polyvinyl alcohol, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:5, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution; Step 4: placing the mixed solution in a centrifuge tube, starting the centrifuge, and centrifuging the mixed solution at high speed according to the set centrifugal force and time, so that the nanoparticles are deposited at the bottom of the centrifuge tube, then closing the centrifuge, gently pouring out the supernatant, leaving the nanoparticles precipitate, and finally, resuspending the nanoparticle precipitate with an appropriate amount of solvent to obtain purified nanoparticles; Step 5: Place the purified nanoparticles in a mold, and place the mold in a drying oven, adjust the drying temperature to 80°C, and adjust the drying time to 4 hours to finally obtain an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent.

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix 100 ml of 0.3 mol / L ferric nitrate solution and 100 ml of 0.6 mol / L hydrazine hydrate solution, and stir at 26° C. for 32 minutes to obtain iron nanoparticles; Step 2: Using two carbon sources as electrodes, and generating carbon nanotubes by arc discharge under the protection of inert gas; Step 3: Mix the iron nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, sodium alginate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:1:3:15, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed solution; Step 4: placing the mixed solution in a centrifuge tube and starting the centrifuge. The centrifuge centrifuges the mixed solution at high speed according to the set centrifugal force and time, so that the nanoparticles are deposited at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. Then, the centrifuge is turned off, and the supernatant is gently poured off, leaving the nanoparticles precipitated. Finally, the nanoparticle precipitate is resuspended with an appropriate amount of solvent to obtain purified nanoparticles. Step 5: Place the purified nanoparticles in a mold, and place the mold in a drying oven, adjust the drying temperature to 100° C., and adjust the drying time to 4 hours to finally obtain an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent.

[0027] The prepared iron-carbon nanoadsorbent was tested for its performance. In wastewater treatment, the iron-carbon nanoadsorbent can quickly degrade organic pollutants with a removal rate of more than 89%. In energy conversion, the magnetically responsive iron-carbon nanocatalyst can improve the performance of fuel cells, with the power density increased by more than 33%.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Prepare iron salt solution, carbon source, reducing agent, and binder; Step 2: Mixing an iron salt solution and a reducing agent to obtain iron nanoparticles at a certain reaction temperature and reaction time; Step 3: preparing carbon nanomaterials by arc discharge method; Step 4: Mix the iron nanoparticles in step 2, the carbon nanomaterials in step 3, and the binder in step 1 in a certain mass ratio, add a certain solvent, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed solution; Step 5: separating the mixed solution in step 4 to obtain iron-carbon nanoparticles mixed with impurities, and washing the iron-carbon nanoparticles mixed with impurities with a solvent to obtain pure iron-carbon nanoparticles; Step 6: Place the pure iron-carbon nanoparticles in step 5 in a mold, dry and shape them at a certain temperature to obtain an iron-carbon nanoadsorbent.

2. The method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron salt solution in step one is one of ferric chloride solution, ferrous sulfate solution, and ferric nitrate solution; the carbon source in step one is one of graphene and activated carbon; the reducing agent in step one is one of sodium borohydride and hydrazine hydrate; and the binder is one of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium alginate.

3. The method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the iron salt solution in step 2 is 0.1 mol / L to 0.3 mol / L, and the concentration of the reducing agent in step 2 is 0.2 mol / L to 0.6 mol / L.

4. The method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction temperature in the step 2 is 24-26° C., and the reaction time in the step 2 is 28-32 min.

5. The method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the iron nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, binder and solvent in step 4 is iron nanoparticles: carbon nanomaterials: binder: solvent = 1:1-3:1:5-15, and the solvents in steps 2 and 5 are both deionized water.

6. The method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation method in step 5 is ultracentrifugation.

7. The method for preparing an environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying method in step six is ​​to use a drying oven for drying at a temperature of 60 to 100°C.

8. An environmental remediation iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, as used in the preparation method of a magnetically responsive iron-carbon nano-catalyst according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The invention comprises an iron-carbon nano-adsorbent, wherein the iron-carbon nano-adsorbent is a finished product prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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