Ring main unit control device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a ring main unit control device and a control method thereof, and belongs to the field of power ring main units, the ring main unit control device comprises a microenvironment controller, the microenvironment controller comprises an air sampling cabinet, the air sampling cabinet is located on the outer side of a ring main unit, and a dust particle counter is installed at the top of the air sampling cabinet; a sample inlet of the dust particle counter is communicated with the interior of the air sampling cabinet, an air inlet of the air sampling cabinet is communicated with a first fan, the air sampling cabinet is provided with two air outlets, and the two air outlets of the air sampling cabinet are respectively communicated with a second fan and a third fan; an air filter is mounted between the second fan and the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet correspondingly communicated with the second fan; an exhaust pipe is arranged on the side wall of the ring main unit; the microenvironment controller further comprises an external environment temperature sensor, an internal environment temperature sensor and an intelligent control module. The problem that thermal stress is generated among parts in the ring main unit due to the fact that the temperature difference inside and outside the ring main unit is obvious is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of power ring network cabinets and relates to a ring network box control device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ring main box, also known as switchgear, is an important equipment used in power distribution system. It is usually installed between distribution transformer and distribution cabinet, used for tapping, distribution and protection of power system, as well as control and distribution of current.

[0003] There will be a significant temperature difference between the internal environment of the ring network box and the external environment, which will cause thermal stress between the components inside the ring network box. This thermal stress may cause the material to deform, affecting the connection and matching accuracy between the components. In the long run, it may cause the components to loosen, break or fail. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ring network box control device and a control method thereof, which solves the problem that the obvious temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box will cause thermal stress between the internal components of the ring network box.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A ring network box control device, comprising a microenvironment controller, the microenvironment controller comprising an air sampling cabinet, the air sampling cabinet is located outside the ring network box, a dust particle counter is installed on the top of the air sampling cabinet, the sampling port of the dust particle counter is connected to the inside of the air sampling cabinet, the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet is connected to a first fan, the air outlet of the first fan is connected to the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet, the air sampling cabinet is provided with two air outlets, the two air outlets of the air sampling cabinet are respectively connected to a second fan and a third fan, an air filter is installed between the second fan and the corresponding air sampling cabinet outlet, the air inlet of the air filter is connected to the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet, the air outlet of the air filter is connected to the air inlet of the second fan, the air outlets of the second fan and the third fan are both connected to the inside of the ring network box, an exhaust pipe is provided on the side wall of the ring network box, the exhaust pipe and the second fan and the third fan are arranged relative to the ring network box;

[0007] The micro-environment controller also includes an external environment temperature sensor, an internal environment temperature sensor and an intelligent control module, the external environment temperature sensor is installed on the outer wall of the ring network box, and the internal environment temperature sensor is installed on the inner wall of the ring network box;

[0008] The intelligent control module collects the external ambient temperature T1 of the external ambient temperature sensor and the internal ambient temperature T2 of the internal ambient temperature sensor and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is:

[0009] ΔT = |T1-T2|;

[0010] When ΔT is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module controls the first fan and the dust particle counter to start, the first fan blows the external air into the air sampling cabinet, the dust particle counter measures the air solid concentration and the average solid particle size in the air sampling cabinet, and the air solid concentration threshold and the average solid particle size threshold that can directly enter the ring network box are preset in the intelligent control module;

[0011] When the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the third fan to start, and the third fan quickly blows air into the ring network box to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box to ΔT less than 3°C;

[0012] When any one of the air solid matter concentration and solid average particle size measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet passes through the air filter and then through the second fan into the grid box, and the internal temperature of the balance ring grid box is less than ΔT by 3°C.

[0013] The present invention first sets a threshold value (3°C) for the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. When the temperature difference is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module will control the fan to start, and the fan will blow external air into the ring network box. Since an exhaust pipe is arranged on the side wall of the ring network box, the external air will squeeze the gas inside the ring network box from the exhaust pipe into the ring network box, thereby realizing gas exchange inside the ring network box, and can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. When the temperature difference is within 3°C, no thermal stress will be generated between the components inside the ring network box, thereby solving the problem that the obvious temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box will cause thermal stress between the components inside the ring network box.

[0014] Under different usage environments, the air quality outside the ring network box is different. If the solid content in the air is too much or the average particle size of the solids is too large, it will not only block the fan and affect the temperature control efficiency of the fan, but the solids in the air will adhere to the surfaces of the components inside the ring network box, and will also affect the heat exchange between the components and the air blown in from the outside. Therefore, the present invention is provided with a microenvironment controller, which can select a suitable air duct for blowing air into the ring network box according to the air quality, to ensure that the temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the ring network box can be quickly balanced.

[0015] Furthermore, the air sampling cabinet, the first fan, the second fan, and the third fan are respectively connected and fixed to the base of the ring network box through a support frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the air filter includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell, and multiple filter elements are installed inside the outer shell. All the filter elements are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell. An air inlet duct is provided at one end of the outer shell, and an air outlet duct is provided at the other end of the outer shell. The air inlet duct of the outer shell is connected to the air sampling cabinet, and the air outlet duct of the outer shell is connected to the second fan.

[0017] Furthermore, a humidity sensor and an image acquisition device are installed inside the ring network box. The humidity sensor and the image acquisition device are electrically connected to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module obtains the data collected by the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device and monitors the internal environment of the ring network box.

[0018] Furthermore, the multiple filter elements inside the shell include an activated carbon filter element, a molecular sieve filter element, and a polymer resin adsorption filter element which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the shell, and the activated carbon filter element is closest to the air intake pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the air inlet of the exhaust pipe is connected to the interior of the ring network box, and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe is detachably connected with a blockage.

[0020] A control method for a ring network box control device comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1, the intelligent control module collects the external ambient temperature T1 of the external ambient temperature sensor and the internal ambient temperature T2 of the internal ambient temperature sensor and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is:

[0022] ΔT = |T1-T2|;

[0023] S2. When ΔT is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module controls the first fan and the dust particle counter to start, and the first fan blows the external air into the air sampling cabinet. The dust particle counter measures the air solid concentration and the average solid particle size in the air sampling cabinet, and the air solid concentration threshold and the average solid particle size threshold that can directly enter the ring network box are preset in the intelligent control module;

[0024] S3. When the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the third fan to start, and the third fan quickly blows air into the ring network box to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box to ΔT less than 3°C;

[0025] S4. When any one of the air solid matter concentration and solid average particle size measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet passes through the air filter and then through the second fan into the grid box, and the internal temperature of the balance ring grid box is less than ΔT by 3°C.

[0026] Furthermore, when any one of the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet passes through the air filter and then passes through the second fan into the mesh box, and the temperature inside the balance ring mesh box is less than ΔT by 3°C. When the air passes through the air filter, the pressure drop at both ends of the air filter is measured by the differential pressure sensor, and then the speed of the air passing through the air filter is obtained according to the pressure drop at both ends of the air filter, which is called the filtration speed; then, according to the filtration speed of the air filter, combined with the standard air inlet speed V mark of the second fan inlet at the preset wind speed of the second fan, the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter and the V mark is obtained, and the wind speed of the second fan is increased according to the speed difference so that the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter and the V mark is less than 0.2m / s;

[0027] The method for determining the filtration rate of air through an air filter is:

[0028] Establish data model: select multiple groups of different air solid matter concentrations and average particle sizes, measure the filter pressure drop ΔP and filtration speed v under the conditions of air solid matter concentration and average particle size, and establish the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP=k*v n ;

[0029] Data fitting: Input multiple sets of filtration velocity v and corresponding pressure drop ΔP into nonlinear regression analysis, use MATLAB or Python's SciPy to fit the data, determine the most suitable data curve by the least squares method, and obtain k and n values;

[0030] Model validation: Use independent experimental data to verify the predictive accuracy of the model's k and n values;

[0031] Determination of filtration speed: The pressure drop ΔP at both ends of the air filter is measured by the differential pressure sensor, and the intelligent control module then combines the pressure drop ΔP with the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP=k*v n , and obtain the filtration speed v.

[0032] Compared with a smooth pipe, the air filter in the present invention will reduce the flow speed of air. In order to ensure that the flow rate at the air outlet of the second fan meets the preset wind speed under actual use, the present invention measures the actual speed of air passing through the air filter to obtain the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter and the speed of the V mark, and increases the wind speed of the second fan according to the speed difference so that the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter and the speed of the V mark is less than 0.2m / s. When the air filter blocks the air, the present invention compensates for the air inlet speed of the second fan to ensure that the air outlet speed meets the preset air outlet speed, and can quickly balance the temperature difference inside and outside the ring network box.

[0033] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. A ring network box control device of the present invention realizes gas exchange inside the ring network box, which can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. When the temperature difference is within 3°C, no thermal stress will be generated between the components inside the ring network box, which solves the problem that the obvious temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box will cause thermal stress between the components inside the ring network box.

[0035] 2. The present invention is provided with a micro-environment controller, which can select a suitable air duct to blow air into the ring network box according to the air quality, so as to ensure that the temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the ring network box can be quickly balanced;

[0036] 3. The control method of a ring network box control device of the present invention compensates for the air inlet speed of the second fan, ensures that the air outlet speed meets the preset air outlet speed, and can quickly balance the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ring network box control device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air filter of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for measuring the filtration speed of an air filter of the present invention.

[0041] Markings in the figure: 1-air sampling cabinet, 2-ring network box, 3-dust particle counter, 4-first fan, 5-second fan, 6-third fan, 7-air filter, 8-exhaust pipe, 9-support frame, 10-external ambient temperature sensor, 11-internal ambient temperature sensor, 21-base, 71-housing, 72-filter element, 73-inlet duct, 74-outlet duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0045] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a ring network box control device provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a microenvironment controller, wherein the microenvironment controller includes an air sampling cabinet 1, the air sampling cabinet 1 is located outside the ring network box 2, a dust particle counter 3 is installed on the top of the air sampling cabinet 1, the inlet of the dust particle counter 3 is connected to the inside of the air sampling cabinet 1, the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet 1 is connected to a first fan 4, the air outlet of the first fan 4 is connected to the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet 1, the air sampling cabinet 1 is provided with two air outlets, and the air sampling cabinet 1 is provided with a first fan 4. The two air outlets of the cabinet 1 are respectively connected to the second fan 5 and the third fan 6. An air filter 7 is installed between the second fan 5 and the corresponding air outlet of the air sampling cabinet 1. The air inlet of the air filter 7 is connected to the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet 1. The air outlet of the air filter 7 is connected to the air inlet of the second fan 5. The air outlets of the second fan 5 and the third fan 6 are both connected to the inside of the ring network box 2. An exhaust pipe 8 is arranged on the side wall of the ring network box 2. The exhaust pipe 8 and the second fan 5 and the third fan 6 are arranged relative to the ring network box 2;

[0048] The microenvironment controller also includes an external environment temperature sensor 10, an internal environment temperature sensor 11 and an intelligent control module. The external environment temperature sensor 10 is installed on the outer wall of the ring network box 2, and the internal environment temperature sensor 11 is installed on the inner wall of the ring network box 2;

[0049] The intelligent control module collects the external environment temperature T1 of the external environment temperature sensor 10 and the internal environment temperature T2 of the internal environment temperature sensor 11 and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is:

[0050] ΔT = |T1-T2|;

[0051] When ΔT is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module controls the first fan 4 and the dust particle counter 3 to turn on, the first fan blows the external air into the air sampling cabinet 1, and the dust particle counter 3 measures the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size in the air sampling cabinet 1. The air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold that can directly enter the ring network box 2 are preset in the intelligent control module;

[0052] When the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the third fan 6 to start, and the third fan 6 quickly blows air into the ring network box 2 to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box 2 to ΔT less than 3°C;

[0053] When any one of the air solid matter concentration and solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan 5 to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet 1 passes through the air filter 7 and then through the second fan 5 into the grid box 2, and the internal temperature of the balance ring grid box 2 is less than ΔT by 3°C.

[0054] The air sampling cabinet 1 , the first fan 4 , the second fan 5 , and the third fan 6 are respectively connected and fixed to the base 21 of the ring network box 2 via a support frame 9 .

[0055] The air filter 7 includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell 71, and a plurality of filter elements 72 are installed inside the outer shell 71. All filter elements 72 are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell 71. An air inlet pipe 73 is provided at one end of the outer shell 71, and an air outlet pipe 74 is provided at the other end of the outer shell 71. The air inlet pipe 73 of the outer shell 71 is connected to the air sampling cabinet 1, and the air outlet pipe 74 of the outer shell 71 is connected to the second fan 5.

[0056] A humidity sensor and an image acquisition device are also installed inside the ring network box 2. The humidity sensor and the image acquisition device are electrically connected to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module obtains the data collected by the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device and monitors the internal environment of the ring network box 2.

[0057] The multiple filter elements 72 inside the housing 71 include an activated carbon filter element, a molecular sieve filter element, and a polymer resin adsorption filter element which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the housing 71 , and the activated carbon filter element is closest to the air intake pipe 73 .

[0058] The air inlet of the exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the inside of the ring network box 2, and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe 8 is detachably connected and blocked.

[0059] The present invention first sets a threshold value (3°C) for the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. When the temperature difference is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module will control the fan to start, and the fan will blow external air into the ring network box. Since an exhaust pipe is arranged on the side wall of the ring network box, the external air will squeeze the gas inside the ring network box from the exhaust pipe into the ring network box, thereby realizing gas exchange inside the ring network box, and can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. When the temperature difference is within 3°C, no thermal stress will be generated between the components inside the ring network box, thereby solving the problem that the obvious temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box will cause thermal stress between the components inside the ring network box.

[0060] Under different usage environments, the air quality outside the ring network box is different. If the solid content in the air is too much or the average particle size of the solids is too large, it will not only block the fan and affect the temperature control efficiency of the fan, but the solids in the air will adhere to the surfaces of the components inside the ring network box, and will also affect the heat exchange between the components and the air blown in from the outside. Therefore, the present invention is provided with a microenvironment controller, which can select a suitable air duct for blowing air into the ring network box according to the air quality, to ensure that the temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the ring network box can be quickly balanced.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a control method for a ring network box control device, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1, the intelligent control module collects the external environment temperature T1 of the external environment temperature sensor 10 and the internal environment temperature T2 of the internal environment temperature sensor 11 and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is:

[0064] ΔT = |T1-T2|;

[0065] S2. When ΔT is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module controls the first fan 4 and the dust particle counter 3 to turn on. The first fan blows the external air into the air sampling cabinet 1. The dust particle counter 3 measures the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size in the air sampling cabinet 1. The air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold that can directly enter the ring network box 2 are preset in the intelligent control module.

[0066] S3, when the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the third fan 6 to start, and the third fan 6 quickly blows air into the ring network box 2 to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box 2 to ΔT less than 3°C;

[0067] S4. When any one of the air solid matter concentration and solid average particle size measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan 5 to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet 1 passes through the air filter 7 and then through the second fan 5 into the grid box 2, and the internal temperature of the balance ring grid box 2 is less than ΔT by 3°C.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Based on Example 2, Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, when any one of the data of the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan 5 to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet 1 passes through the air filter 7 and then passes through the second fan 5 to enter the net box 2, and the internal temperature of the balance ring net box 2 is less than 3°C to ΔT. When the air passes through the air filter 7, the pressure drop at both ends of the air filter 7 is measured by the pressure difference sensor, and then the speed of the air passing through the air filter 7 is obtained according to the pressure drop at both ends of the air filter 7, which is called the filtration speed; then according to the filtration speed of the air filter 7, combined with the standard air inlet speed V mark of the inlet of the second fan 5 at the preset wind speed of the second fan 5, the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter 7 and the V mark is obtained, and the wind speed of the second fan 5 is increased according to the speed difference so that the filtration speed of the air filter 7 and the speed difference of the V mark are less than 0.2m / s;

[0070] The method for measuring the filtration speed of air through the air filter 7 is:

[0071] Establish data model: select multiple groups of different air solid matter concentrations and average particle sizes, measure the filter pressure drop ΔP and filtration speed v under the conditions of air solid matter concentration and average particle size, and establish the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP=k*v n ;

[0072] Data fitting: Input multiple sets of filtration velocity v and corresponding pressure drop ΔP into nonlinear regression analysis, use MATLAB or Python's SciPy to fit the data, determine the most suitable data curve by the least squares method, and obtain k and n values;

[0073] Model validation: Use independent experimental data to verify the predictive accuracy of the model's k and n values;

[0074] Determination of filtration speed: The pressure drop ΔP at both ends of the air filter 7 is measured by the differential pressure sensor, and the intelligent control module then combines the pressure drop ΔP with the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP = k*v n , and obtain the filtration speed v.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the field within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring network box control device, characterized in that: The microenvironment controller comprises an air sampling cabinet (1), the air sampling cabinet (1) is located outside a ring network box (2), a dust particle counter (3) is installed on the top of the air sampling cabinet (1), the sampling port of the dust particle counter (3) is connected to the inside of the air sampling cabinet (1), the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet (1) is connected to a first fan (4), the air outlet of the first fan (4) is connected to the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet (1), the air sampling cabinet (1) is provided with two air outlets, and the two air outlets of the air sampling cabinet (1) are respectively connected to a second fan ( 5), a third fan (6), an air filter (7) is installed between the second fan (5) and the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet (1) connected thereto, the air inlet of the air filter (7) is connected to the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet (1), the air outlet of the air filter (7) is connected to the air inlet of the second fan (5), the air outlets of the second fan (5) and the third fan (6) are both connected to the interior of the ring network box (2), an exhaust pipe (8) is arranged on the side wall of the ring network box (2), and the exhaust pipe (8) and the second fan (5) and the third fan (6) are arranged relative to the ring network box (2); The microenvironment controller further comprises an external environment temperature sensor (10), an internal environment temperature sensor (11) and an intelligent control module, wherein the external environment temperature sensor (10) is mounted on the outer wall of the ring network box (2), and the internal environment temperature sensor (11) is mounted on the inner wall of the ring network box (2); The intelligent control module collects the external environment temperature T1 of the external environment temperature sensor (10) and the internal environment temperature T2 of the internal environment temperature sensor (11) and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is: ΔT = |T1-T2|; When ΔT is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module controls the first fan (4) and the dust particle counter (3) to start, the first fan blows external air into the air sampling cabinet (1), the dust particle counter (3) measures the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size in the air sampling cabinet (1), and the air solid matter concentration threshold and the average solid matter particle size threshold that can directly enter the ring network box (2) are preset in the intelligent control module; When the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the third fan (6) to start, and the third fan (6) blows air into the ring network box (2) quickly to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box (2) to ΔT less than 3°C; When any one of the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan (5) to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet (1) passes through the air filter (7) and then passes through the second fan (5) to enter the mesh box (2), and the internal temperature of the balance ring mesh box (2) is reduced to ΔT less than 3°C.

2. A ring main box control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air sampling cabinet (1), the first fan (4), the second fan (5), and the third fan (6) are respectively connected and fixed to the base (21) of the ring network box (2) via a support frame (9).

3. A ring main box control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air filter (7) comprises a hollow cylindrical outer shell (71), a plurality of filter elements (72) are installed inside the outer shell (71), and all the filter elements (72) are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell (71); an air inlet pipe (73) is provided at one end of the outer shell (71), and an air outlet pipe (74) is provided at the other end of the outer shell (71); the air inlet pipe (73) of the outer shell (71) is connected to the air sampling cabinet (1), and the air outlet pipe (74) of the outer shell (71) is connected to the second fan (5).

4. A ring main box control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A humidity sensor and an image acquisition device are also installed inside the ring network box (2); the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device are both electrically connected to the intelligent control module; the intelligent control module acquires data collected by the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device and monitors the internal environment of the ring network box (2).

5. A ring main box control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multiple filter elements (72) inside the housing (71) include an activated carbon filter element, a molecular sieve filter element, and a polymer resin adsorption filter element which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the housing (71), and the activated carbon filter element is closest to the air intake pipe (73).

6. A ring main box control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the exhaust pipe (8) is connected to the interior of the ring network box (2), and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe (8) is detachably connected and blocked.

7. The control method of the ring main box control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the intelligent control module collects the external environment temperature T1 of the external environment temperature sensor (10) and the internal environment temperature T2 of the internal environment temperature sensor (11) and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is: ΔT = |T1-T2|; S2. When ΔT is greater than 3°C, the intelligent control module controls the first fan (4) and the dust particle counter (3) to start, and the first fan blows external air into the air sampling cabinet (1). The dust particle counter (3) measures the air solid matter concentration and the average solid matter particle size in the air sampling cabinet (1), and presets the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold that can directly enter the ring network box (2) in the intelligent control module; S3, when the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the third fan (6) to start, and the third fan (6) blows air into the ring network box (2) quickly to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box (2) to ΔT less than 3°C; S4. When any one of the data of the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan (5) to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet (1) passes through the air filter (7) and then passes through the second fan (5) into the mesh box (2), and the internal temperature of the balance ring mesh box (2) is reduced to ΔT less than 3°C.

8. The control method of the ring main box control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When any one of the data of the air solid matter concentration and the solid matter average particle size measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the solid matter average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan (5) to start, and the air inside the air sampling cabinet (1) passes through the air filter (7) and then passes through the second fan (5) to enter the mesh box (2), and the internal temperature of the balance ring mesh box (2) is ΔT less than 3°C. When the air passes through the air filter (7), the pressure drop at both ends of the air filter (7) is measured by the pressure difference sensor, and then the speed of the air passing through the air filter (7) is obtained based on the pressure drop at both ends of the air filter (7), which is called the filtration speed; then, based on the filtration speed of the air filter (7), combined with the standard air inlet speed V mark at the inlet of the second fan (5) at the preset wind speed of the second fan (5), the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter (7) and the V mark is obtained, and the wind speed of the second fan (5) is increased based on the speed difference so that the speed difference between the filtration speed of the air filter (7) and the V mark is less than 0.2 m / s; The method for measuring the filtration speed of air passing through the air filter (7) is: Establish data model: select multiple groups of different air solid matter concentrations and average particle sizes, measure the filter pressure drop ΔP and filtration speed v under the conditions of air solid matter concentration and average particle size, and establish the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP=k*v n ; Data fitting: Input multiple sets of filtration velocity v and corresponding pressure drop ΔP into nonlinear regression analysis, use MATLAB or Python's SciPy to fit the data, determine the most suitable data curve by the least squares method, and obtain k and n values; Model validation: Use independent experimental data to verify the predictive accuracy of the model's k and n values; Determination of filtration speed: The pressure drop ΔP at both ends of the air filter (7) is measured by a differential pressure sensor, and the intelligent control module then combines the pressure drop ΔP with the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP = k*v n , and obtain the filtration speed v.

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