Microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial organic fertilizers, and provides a microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that modified attapulgite, an adhesive, water and a trace element fertilizer are weighed according to the weight part, and after the modified attapulgite, the adhesive, the water and the trace element fertilizer are evenly mixed, a coating agent is obtained; weighing according to parts by weight, crushing and grinding the organic fertilizer, mixing with the microbial agent, fermenting, and airing; mixing the air-dried fertilizer with an inorganic fertilizer, performing secondary crushing and grinding, and sieving to obtain a mixture; and finally, uniformly mixing the obtained mixture with a coating agent, and drying to obtain the microbial organic fertilizer. The microbial organic fertilizer provided by the invention can effectively prevent the caking problem of the fertilizer, and can also reduce the nutrient loss and reduce the pollution to the environment; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial organic fertilizers, and in particular relates to a microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and society and the improvement of agricultural production level, there are very broad prospects for improving soil structure and changing traditional fertilization methods. Therefore, the demand and production of organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers are increasing.

[0003] Microbial organic fertilizer is an organic fertilizer or organic microbial coated fertilizer made from organic solid waste (including organic garbage, straw, livestock and poultry manure, cake, agricultural and sideline products and solid waste generated by food processing) after microbial fermentation, deodorization and complete decomposition. Compared with ordinary microbial organic fertilizer, it has the functionality of adding microbial strains and inorganic fertilizer components. At the same time, compound microbial organic fertilizer can also reduce the damage to the soil ecosystem and improve the soil structure. Although microbial organic fertilizer has the advantages of environmental protection and sustainability, it still has some disadvantages in practical applications: long-term and large-scale use of microbial organic fertilizer may lead to soil compaction, acidification, salinization and other problems. It destroys the soil structure and physical and chemical properties, which easily causes nutrient loss, pollutes water bodies and the environment, and cannot increase the long-term effectiveness of soil fertility. In addition, microbial organic fertilizer is prone to caking during storage and transportation, and the agglomerated fertilizer is prone to deformation and breakage during storage and transportation, thereby increasing the cost of storage and transportation. In addition, agglomerated fertilizer is not easy to spread when applied, which leads to reduced fertilization efficiency and uneven fertilization, affecting the absorption and utilization of fertilizer by crops. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that microbial organic fertilizer is prone to agglomeration, thereby reducing the fertilizer efficiency, the present invention provides a microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides a microbial organic fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of organic fertilizer, 15-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 25-35 parts of microbial agent and 150-180 parts of coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of modified attapulgite, 15-25 parts of adhesive, 10-15 parts of water and 1-5 parts of trace element fertilizer.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified attapulgite is prepared by the following steps: Add attapulgite to the modified cellulose aqueous solution, stir for 0.5-1h, centrifuge and vacuum dry, grind to obtain the modified attapulgite. By coating the surface of the attapulgite with modified cellulose, not only the dispersion performance of the attapulgite is improved, but also the water retention performance of the attapulgite is given. The coating agent prepared by mixing with an adhesive, water and trace element fertilizer has excellent water retention performance and can maintain the activity of microbial organic fertilizer. In the process of action, it can also improve soil structure and increase soil moisture, improve fertilizer utilization, promote microbial activity and diversity, enhance soil fertility and prevent nutrient loss, and significantly improve the effect of microbial organic fertilizer.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dosage ratio of attapulgite to modified cellulose aqueous solution is 4.0-4.2 g: 200 mL; wherein the concentration of modified cellulose aqueous solution is 5.0-5.5 mol / L.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified cellulose is prepared by the following steps: Add cellulose to sodium hydroxide solution, stir evenly and freeze for 10-15 minutes, then add humic acid, disperse it by ultrasound until it is evenly mixed, add polypropylene, N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate, heat it to 75-80℃ in an ammonia atmosphere and stir it for 3-5 hours, and finally dry it to obtain modified cellulose. Cellulose contains a large number of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and has high water holding capacity. By grafting polypropylene with humic acid, humic acid contains a large number of functional hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups. The water absorption and water retention properties of the grafted modified cellulose are even better.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the usage ratio of cellulose, sodium hydroxide solution, humic acid, polypropylene, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate is 1.5-2.0 g: 300 mL: 1.0-1.2 g: 200 mL: 0.06 mL: 1.6 mL; wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 75%-80%.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic fertilizer is at least one of livestock manure, crop straw and vegetable waste.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate and superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, boron mud, ferrous sulfate and gypsum.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial agent is at least one of Bacillus, mold and cellulose bacteria.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the binder is at least one of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trace element fertilizer is at least one of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, iron fertilizer and copper fertilizer.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a microbial organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1. Add cellulose to sodium hydroxide solution, stir evenly and freeze for 10-15 minutes, then add humic acid, disperse by ultrasonic until the mixture is evenly mixed, add acrylic acid, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate, heat to 75-80°C in an ammonia atmosphere, stir and react for 3-5 hours, and dry to obtain modified cellulose; Adding attapulgite into the modified cellulose aqueous solution, stirring for 0.5-1h, centrifuging, drying, and grinding to obtain modified attapulgite; S2. Weigh the modified attapulgite, the binder, water and the trace element fertilizer in parts by weight and mix them evenly to obtain a coating agent; S3, weighing by weight, grinding the organic fertilizer, mixing it with the microbial agent, and then fermenting and drying it; S4, mixing the fertilizer dried in S3 with the inorganic fertilizer, and then grinding and sieving for a second time to obtain a mixture; S5, uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in S4 with the coating agent, and obtaining the microbial organic fertilizer after drying.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention first mixes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and microbial agent and dries them, and then coats the dried fertilizer with a coating agent to obtain the microbial organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and microbial agent are compounded and mixed, and the prepared fertilizer has extremely high nutrients and greatly promotes the growth of crops. Coating with a coating agent can not only effectively prevent the microbial organic fertilizer from caking, but also reduce nutrient loss and reduce pollution to the environment.

[0017] The coating agent of the present invention is mixed with modified attapulgite, adhesive, water and trace element fertilizer, and the modified attapulgite is used as a carrier material, and then the adhesive, water and trace element fertilizer are added to prepare a coating agent with good hydrophilicity. After fertilization, the coating agent can accelerate the release of organic and inorganic fertilizers in the fertilizer when it meets water, and the components in the organic fertilizer can not only provide nutrients to crops, but also improve the growth activity of microorganisms in the biological agent, and synergistically improve the promotion effect of micro fertilizers on the growth of crops.

[0018] The preparation method of the microbial organic fertilizer provided by the invention has simple preparation process, low cost and is suitable for large-scale production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] The present embodiment provides a microbial organic fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of wheat straw, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 28 parts of Bacillus and 155 parts of coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of modified attapulgite, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 10 parts of water and 1 part of boron fertilizer.

[0022] The preparation steps are as follows: S1. Add 1.5 g of cellulose to 300 mL of sodium hydroxide solution (concentration of 80%), stir well and freeze for 15 min, then add 1.0 g of humic acid, disperse by ultrasound until mixed well, add 200 mL of polypropylene, 0.06 mL of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 1.6 mL of potassium persulfate, heat to 80 ° C in an ammonia atmosphere, stir and react for 5 h, and finally place in a 70 ° C oven to dry to obtain modified cellulose; 4.0 g of attapulgite was added into 200 mL of modified cellulose aqueous solution (concentration of 5.0 mol / L), stirred for 1 h, centrifuged and placed in a 50° C. drying oven under vacuum for 5 h, and then ground into powder to obtain modified attapulgite; S2, weighing the modified attapulgite obtained in S1, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, water and boron fertilizer in parts by weight and mixing them evenly to obtain a coating agent; S3, weighing wheat straw by weight, grinding and mixing with Bacillus, and then fermenting and drying; S4, mixing the fertilizer dried in S3 with potassium sulfate, and then grinding and sieving for a second time to obtain a mixture; S5. Evenly mix the mixture obtained in S4 and the coating agent obtained in S2, and obtain microbial organic fertilizer after drying.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that step S1 in the preparation process is different: S1. Add 2.0 g of cellulose to 300 mL of sodium hydroxide solution (concentration of 80%), stir evenly and freeze for 15 min, then add 1.2 g of humic acid, disperse by ultrasound until mixed evenly, add 200 mL of polypropylene, 0.06 mL of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 1.6 mL of potassium persulfate, heat to 80 ° C in an ammonia atmosphere, stir and react for 5 h, and finally place in a 70 ° C oven to dry to obtain modified cellulose; 4.0 g of attapulgite was added into 200 mL of modified cellulose aqueous solution (concentration of 5.0 mol / L), stirred for 1 h, centrifuged and placed in a 50° C. drying oven under vacuum for 5 h, and then ground into powder to obtain modified attapulgite.

[0025] Example 3

[0026] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that step S1 in the preparation process is different: S1. Add 1.5 g of cellulose to 300 mL of sodium hydroxide solution (concentration of 80%), stir well and freeze for 15 min, then add 1.0 g of humic acid, disperse by ultrasound until mixed well, add 200 mL of polypropylene, 0.06 mL of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 1.6 mL of potassium persulfate, heat to 80 ° C in an ammonia atmosphere, stir and react for 5 h, and finally place in a 70 ° C oven to dry to obtain modified cellulose; 4.2 g of attapulgite was added into 200 mL of modified cellulose aqueous solution (concentration of 5.0 mol / L), stirred for 1 h, centrifuged and placed in a 50° C. drying oven under vacuum for 5 h, and then ground into powder to obtain modified attapulgite.

[0027] Example 4

[0028] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the amount of modified attapulgite is different: 80 parts of the modified attapulgite were replaced with 90 parts of the modified attapulgite.

[0029] Example 5

[0030] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the amount of modified attapulgite is different: 80 parts of the modified attapulgite were replaced with 100 parts of the modified attapulgite.

[0031] Example 6

[0032] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the dosage of the components of the microbial organic fertilizer is different: A microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of wheat straw, 18 parts of potassium sulfate, 33 parts of bacillus and 164 parts of a coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of modified attapulgite, 20 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 12 parts of water and 3 parts of boron fertilizer.

[0033] Example 7

[0034] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the dosage of the components of the microbial organic fertilizer is different: A microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of wheat straw, 16 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of bacillus and 160 parts of a coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of modified attapulgite, 22 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 15 parts of water and 4.5 parts of boron fertilizer.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, no coating agent is added: A microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of wheat straw, 15 parts of potassium sulfate and 28 parts of bacillus.

[0036] The preparation steps are as follows: S1. Weigh wheat straw by weight, grind and mix with Bacillus, then ferment and dry; S2, mixing the fertilizer dried in S1 with potassium sulfate, and then crushing and grinding for a second time, sieving to obtain a mixture, and drying to obtain a microbial organic fertilizer.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the only difference is: A microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of wheat straw, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 28 parts of bacillus and 155 parts of coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of attapulgite, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 10 parts of water and 1 part of boron fertilizer.

[0038] The preparation steps are as follows: S1. Weigh and mix attapulgite, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, water and boron fertilizer in parts by weight to obtain a coating agent; S2, weighing by weight, grinding the wheat straw, mixing it with the Bacillus, and then fermenting and drying it; S3, mixing the fertilizer dried in S2 with potassium sulfate, and then grinding and sieving for a second time to obtain a mixture; S4, uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in S3 and the coating agent obtained in S1, and obtaining microbial organic fertilizer after drying.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the dosage of the components of the microbial organic fertilizer is different: A microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of wheat straw, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 28 parts of bacillus and 155 parts of coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of modified attapulgite, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 10 parts of water and 1 part of boron fertilizer.

[0040] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the dosage of the components of the microbial organic fertilizer is different: A microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of wheat straw, 8 parts of potassium sulfate, 28 parts of bacillus and 135 parts of a coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of modified attapulgite, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 10 parts of water and 1 part of boron fertilizer.

[0041] 1. Testing and application of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4: 1) Test: The microbial organic fertilizers prepared in the embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to composting experiments, and various parameters of the microbial organic fertilizers were measured. The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0042] 2) Application: The microbial organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were applied to vegetable fields with severe compaction, and vegetable fields with the same degree of compaction but without microbial organic fertilizers were used as a control group. After continuous application for half a year, the soil conditions and yields were recorded. The application test results are shown in Table 2: Table 2

[0043] It can be seen from Table 1-2 that the microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can effectively prevent fertilizer from caking, reduce nutrient loss, prolong the effectiveness of fertilizer, thereby eliminating soil compaction, reducing environmental pollution, enhancing soil activity, stress resistance and soil fertility, improving crop quality, and increasing crop yield.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microbial organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of organic fertilizer, 15-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 25-35 parts of microbial agent and 150-180 parts of coating agent; the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of modified attapulgite, 15-25 parts of adhesive, 10-15 parts of water and 1-5 parts of trace element fertilizer.

2. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified attapulgite is prepared by the following steps: The attapulgite is added into the modified cellulose aqueous solution, stirred for 0.5-1h, centrifuged and vacuum dried, and ground to obtain the modified attapulgite.

3. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dosage ratio of attapulgite and modified cellulose aqueous solution is 4.0-4.2 g: 200 mL; wherein the concentration of the modified cellulose aqueous solution is 5.0-5.5 mol / L.

4. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified cellulose is prepared by the following steps: Add cellulose to sodium hydroxide solution, stir evenly and freeze for 10-15 minutes, then add humic acid, disperse under ultrasound until mixed evenly, add polypropylene, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate, heat to 75-80°C in an ammonia atmosphere, stir and react for 3-5 hours, and finally dry to obtain modified cellulose.

5. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dosage ratio of cellulose, sodium hydroxide solution, humic acid, polypropylene, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate is 1.5-2.0 g: 300 mL: 1.0-1.2 g: 200 mL: 0.06 mL: 1.6 mL; the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 75%-80%.

6. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer is at least one of livestock manure, crop straw and vegetable waste.

7. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate and superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, boron mud, ferrous sulfate and gypsum.

8. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agent is at least one of Bacillus, mold and cellulose bacteria.

9. A microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The binder is at least one of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol; And / or, the trace element fertilizer is at least one of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, iron fertilizer and copper fertilizer.

10. A method for preparing a microbial organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Add cellulose to sodium hydroxide solution, stir evenly and freeze for 10-15 minutes, then add humic acid, disperse by ultrasonic until the mixture is evenly mixed, add acrylic acid, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate, heat to 75-80°C in an ammonia atmosphere, stir and react for 3-5 hours, and dry to obtain modified cellulose; Adding attapulgite into the modified cellulose aqueous solution, stirring for 0.5-1h, centrifuging, drying, and grinding to obtain modified attapulgite; S2. Weigh the modified attapulgite, the binder, water and the trace element fertilizer in parts by weight and mix them evenly to obtain a coating agent; S3, weighing by weight, grinding and mixing the organic fertilizer with the microbial agent, and then fermenting and drying; S4, mixing the fertilizer dried in S3 with the inorganic fertilizer, and then grinding and sieving for a second time to obtain a mixture; S5, uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in S4 with the coating agent, and obtaining the microbial organic fertilizer after drying.

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