Feed sorghum cultivation control method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a forage sorghum cultivation control method and device in the technical field of forage cultivation, the cultivation control method and the cultivation control device are included, the cultivation control device comprises a monitoring column, a driving cavity is formed in the monitoring column, a motor is fixedly connected to the top wall of the driving cavity, and an output shaft of the motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with an image recognition assembly; a rain storage hopper is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the monitoring column, a pressure sensor is installed on the inner bottom wall of the rain storage hopper, a photosensitive assembly is annularly arranged on the outer side wall of the monitoring column, the photosensitive assembly is located below the rain storage hopper, and the photosensitive assembly comprises a first light source sensor and a second light source sensor from top to bottom. The device is simple in structure and easy to operate, the cultivation control system is combined with the monitoring column, the growth height of feed sorghum is managed according to the growth characteristics of the feed sorghum, and the feed sorghum is cut in time, so that the nutritional value and palatability quality of forage grass to livestock are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forage cultivation, and in particular relates to a cultivation control method and device for sorghum for feeding. Background Art

[0002] As an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Sorghum in the Poaceae family, forage sorghum has become a high-quality forage resource due to its strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, high yield and excellent quality. As one of the forage raw materials for livestock in the animal husbandry industry, its grains and stalks are not only nutritious and palatable, but also high-quality feed for livestock and poultry, which can significantly improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of animal husbandry. Sorghum grains are rich in protein, fat and crude fiber. Its nutritional components are similar to those of corn but are superior in some aspects. For example, the protein content is slightly higher than that of corn, and it contains higher levels of lutein and carotene, which have a positive impact on animal health and product quality. In addition, because forage sorghum has strong tillering and regeneration properties, annual forage sorghum can be mowed multiple times for its stalks and leaves, and the harvest is larger than that of corn stalks. The mowed stalks and leaves can be used in a variety of ways such as silage and hay making, providing a rich feed option for animal husbandry.

[0003] Although fodder sorghum has many advantages, in the actual cultivation process, traditional agricultural cultivation methods often rely on experience and judgment, and it is difficult to accurately monitor and control key factors such as soil moisture, nutrient content, and the occurrence of pests and diseases, resulting in unstable cultivation effects and difficulty in ensuring yield and quality. At the same time, with the development of animal husbandry and the improvement of feed quality requirements, higher requirements have been put forward for the cultivation control of fodder sorghum. For example, it is necessary to mow according to the growth height of fodder sorghum. Generally, if the height of fodder sorghum is less than 1.5 meters, it should be mowed. The young stems and leaves of the sorghum contain hydrocyanic acid. The content is relatively high. Hydrocyanic acid is a toxic substance. If livestock ingest forage containing high concentrations of hydrocyanic acid, it may cause poisoning. The height of sorghum used for fresh feeding of livestock is controlled at 1.5 meters to 2 meters. When used for silage, it can be mowed at a height of 3 meters. If the height is higher than 3 meters, approaching or reaching the heading period, its stems will gradually become lignified and the crude fiber content will increase. At this time, the mowed forage is not only difficult for livestock to digest and utilize, but may also affect the growth and health of livestock. How to accurately control according to the unique growth characteristics of forage sorghum has become an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, it is particularly important to propose a method that combines intelligent control methods and control devices to accurately control according to the growth characteristics of forage sorghum. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to combine a cultivation control system with a monitoring column, manage the growth height of forage sorghum according to its growth characteristics and mow it in time, thereby ensuring the nutritional value and palatability of the forage for livestock.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a fodder sorghum cultivation control device comprises a cultivation control system and a monitoring column, the cultivation control system is connected to the monitoring column signal, a solar panel is fixedly connected to the top of the monitoring column, a battery is installed in the solar panel, the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery, a hollow positioning cone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring column, a driving cavity is opened in the monitoring column, a motor is fixedly connected to the top wall of the driving cavity, an image recognition component is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, the other end of the image recognition component is located outside the monitoring column, and a conveying component is fixedly connected to the driving cavity. The conveying component is located below the motor, and a rain hopper is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the monitoring column. A pressure sensor is installed on the inner bottom wall of the rain hopper. A plurality of fifth valves are opened on the monitoring column near the bottom of the rain hopper, and the rain hopper is connected to the conveying component through the fifth valve. A photosensitive component is arranged around the outer wall of the monitoring column, and the photosensitive component is located below the rain hopper. The photosensitive component includes a first light source sensor and a second light source sensor from top to bottom. A water and fertilizer tank is fixedly connected around the bottom of the monitoring column, and a plurality of second valves are opened on the monitoring column near the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank, and the water and fertilizer tank is connected to the conveying component through the second valve.

[0006] The principle of the basic solution is: fix the position of the monitoring column by a positioning cone, convert light energy into electrical energy through solar panels to provide electrical energy for the normal operation of various components on the monitoring column, call up the growth image of fodder sorghum in the area at any time through the image recognition component, store rainwater through the rain bucket and then transport the rainwater to the water and fertilizer tank through the conveying component, and the first light source sensor and the second sensor can obtain the shading rate and then obtain the growth height of the surrounding fodder sorghum.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. The solar panels installed on the top of the device can convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide power for the entire device, and the battery can not only store the excess solar energy converted into electrical energy, but also provide backup power for the entire device on rainy days.

[0008] 2. The first light source sensor and the second light source sensor can obtain the shading rate from the light source collection degree after the surrounding forage sorghum grows, and then determine whether the growth height of the forage sorghum in this area meets the predicted growth height. However, since the first light source sensor and the second light source sensor cannot obtain accurate information about the external environment, the growth of the forage sorghum can be monitored in real time through the image recognition component. Because the first light source sensor and the second light source sensor can roughly estimate the growth height of the forage sorghum, and the image recognition component cannot accurately obtain its height information due to the height difference between itself and the forage sorghum plant, the two work together to better monitor the growth height and growth condition of the forage sorghum in the area.

[0009] 3. The current climate rainfall can be judged through the rain storage bucket and pressure sensor, and the irrigation water volume of the forage sorghum can be adjusted according to the water consumption required for the growth of the forage sorghum monitored in the current area to achieve more precise cultivation control.

[0010] 4. Rainwater can be stored in the rainwater storage hopper and transmitted to the water-fertilizer tank through the conveying component, which increases the stability of the entire device while recycling water resources.

[0011] 5. The positioning cone can further ensure the stability of the device in the soil, prevent tilting or displacement caused by wind or other external factors, and ensure the accuracy of monitoring and management.

[0012] 6. Intelligent management reduces the frequency of manual inspections and operations, reduces labor costs, and improves agricultural production efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the image recognition component includes a rotating rod and a monitoring camera, one end of the rotating rod is sleeved on the side wall of the motor output shaft, a slide groove corresponding to the movement trajectory of the rotating rod is opened on the monitoring column, the rotating rod passes through the monitoring column and extends outside the monitoring column, and one end of the rotating rod extending outside the monitoring column is fixedly connected to an L-shaped fixing seat, and the fixing seat is detachably connected to the monitoring camera;

[0014] A partition is fixedly connected inside the positioning cone, and the partition divides the inside of the positioning cone into a water and fertilizer chamber and a detection chamber from top to bottom. The positioning cone is provided with a plurality of spraying ports connected to the water and fertilizer chambers. A soil detector is detachably connected to the detection chamber, and one end of the soil detector is located in the detection chamber, and the other end of the soil detector passes through the detection chamber and extends to the outside of the bottom end of the positioning cone;

[0015] The conveying assembly includes a fertilizer tank, a conveying pipe and a distribution chamber from top to bottom. The conveying pipe is spiral-shaped. A first valve is fixedly connected between the top of the conveying pipe and the fertilizer tank. The top of the conveying pipe is respectively connected with the first valve and a plurality of fifth valves. The bottom of the conveying pipe is connected with a fourth valve. The end of the fourth valve away from the conveying pipe is connected with the distribution chamber. The distribution chamber is connected with a water-fertilizer tank through a plurality of second valves. The distribution chamber is connected with the water-fertilizer chamber through a third valve.

[0016] A plurality of water-drawing pipes are arranged in the water-fertilizer box, one end of which penetrates through the top wall of the water-fertilizer box and extends to the outside, one end of which is located outside the water-fertilizer box is connected with a nozzle, and the water-drawing pipes are connected with a water pump, which is fixedly connected to the top wall of the water-fertilizer box.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. By driving the rotating rod through the motor, the monitoring camera on the fixed seat can rotate and move along the slide slot of the monitoring column, realizing all-round and multi-angle monitoring of the growth environment of fodder sorghum. This flexibility ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring.

[0018] 2. The soil detector in the positioning cone can detect key parameters such as soil temperature, humidity, pH value, etc. in real time, and transmit the data to the control system. This information can enable the cultivation control system to adjust the irrigation and fertilization amount in time.

[0019] 3. The spiral conveying pipe allows the rainwater in the rain storage bucket and the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank to be mixed as long as possible in the conveying pipe when they are conveyed at the same time, and the spiral structure also allows the water and fertilizer to play a stirring role in the conveying pipe. After the mixed water and fertilizer are conveyed to the water and fertilizer tank by the conveying pipe, the water and fertilizer stored in the water and fertilizer tank can be sprayed on the surrounding fodder sorghum through the nozzle when irrigation is needed. The water and fertilizer can be sprayed at the first time, which improves the irrigation efficiency. When the mixed water and fertilizer are conveyed to the water and fertilizer cavity by the conveying pipe, the water and fertilizer can be dripped from the soil through the spraying port on the positioning cone, which plays a role in daily regulation of soil nutrients and humidity.

[0020] Further, a method for controlling the cultivation of sorghum for forage comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Land preparation and sowing: Select fodder sorghum soil for land preparation. Before land preparation, deep plowing and fine harrowing are required, and sufficient base fertilizer is applied before sowing.

[0022] Step 2, data recording: divide the soil into regions and number them, and record the planting date of forage sorghum, use the data to compare the growth height of forage sorghum planted in previous years in the current season, and predict the growth height of forage sorghum this year;

[0023] Step 3: Field monitoring: A monitoring column is installed at the center of each numbered area to monitor the soil and climate conditions of each area in real time. The monitoring column signal is connected to the cultivation control system, which timely analyzes the water and fertilizer required for the fodder sorghum planted in the corresponding area through the monitoring data, and controls the monitoring column to irrigate the water and fertilizer;

[0024] Step 4, height monitoring: The monitoring column determines the current height of the fodder sorghum in the current area through the shading rate, and transmits the data signal to the cultivation control system;

[0025] Step 5, data comparison: The growth height of the fodder sorghum is transmitted to the cultivation control system through the monitoring column. The cultivation control system compares the height data of different areas and calls the height data of fodder sorghum in the same growth period in previous years. The areas with shading rate less than the average are monitored. The cultivation control system obtains the situation of the area with low average shading rate through an external image transmission device and feeds back to the manual.

[0026] Step 6, field management: manually determine whether the growth of sorghum forage in the target area is normal through image data obtained by external image transmission equipment, and if there is lodging or other heights below the average in a certain area, the cultivation control system will start the monitoring column for positioning and video monitoring to determine the specific location of the problem in the area, and the cultivation control system will control the water-fertilizer integrated equipment to supplement the sorghum forage in the target area with fertilizer and water;

[0027] Step 7: Harvest reminder and fertilizer supplement: The cultivation control system issues an early warning and mows the fields in the area where the shading rate meets the standard. After the harvest is completed, the monitoring column will supplement fertilizer and water to the fields in the mowed area.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The shading rate data is collected through monitoring columns in different areas, and then the abnormal growth area with shading rate less than the normal average is obtained after comparing the data through the cultivation control system, and the external image transmission device is called to obtain the image of the abnormal growth area for further judgment. After the cultivation control system and the management personnel simultaneously determine that the abnormal growth area is wrong, it is positioned through the monitoring column, so that the integrated water and fertilizer equipment can remediate the fodder sorghum in the correct direction, which greatly saves the time of searching in the field and improves the efficiency of agricultural management.

[0029] 2. By recording the sowing date of forage sorghum and calling up the growth height data of previous years to predict the growth status of forage sorghum, the real-time monitoring data can be used to adjust the amount and time of irrigation water and fertilizer in time according to the climate and soil nutrient content, avoiding the blindness and waste of traditional cultivation, and intelligently managing the irrigation of forage sorghum, thereby improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer.

[0030] 3. Through the coordinated work of the cultivation control system and the monitoring column, the growth process of forage sorghum is managed automatically and intelligently. Human intervention is only required when necessary, such as judging the growth conditions and starting camera monitoring. This greatly reduces the heavy work of daily field inspections, irrigation and fertilization, and reduces labor costs.

[0031] 4. Use external image transmission equipment to directly transmit large-scale images. Due to the large range of planting plots, the image resolution cannot accurately measure the plant conditions in each area of ​​​​forage sorghum, and because there is a height difference between the shooting angle of the external image transmission equipment and the ground, there may be misjudgments, and the efficiency of manual patrol is too low. Therefore, the light source of the monitoring column is covered by the growth height of the forage sorghum, and the growth height of the forage sorghum is judged according to the shading rate. According to the shading rate, the growth height of the forage sorghum in each area can be monitored more accurately; the shading rate can also be used to determine whether it can be harvested, and the cultivation control system can remind management personnel to harvest at the optimal growth height of the crop. Scientific mowing not only ensures that the regeneration capacity of forage sorghum is maximized, but also helps to harvest forage grass of suitable quality for livestock.

[0032] 5. Through zoning management, the monitoring column can carry out fine management of the field areas within the range, which helps to accurately monitor the growth of fodder sorghum in the current area and avoid omissions in image acquisition.

[0033] Furthermore, in step 1, 4 to 5 forage sorghum seeds are sown in a hole at a depth of 3 to 5 cm from the surface of the soil, with a hole spacing of 30 to 40 cm.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: by controlling the sowing amount in each seed hole, the planting density can be effectively controlled, so that the plants are distributed more evenly in the field, which is conducive to making full use of light energy, water and nutrient resources; using two seeds for sowing, while ensuring the germination rate, it helps to select seedlings that adapt to the current environment through seed growth competition, thereby improving the robustness of the plants.

[0035] Furthermore, in step 2, the soil is divided into an area according to the coverage of the monitoring column.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the basic plan are: by breaking down each acre of land into plots that can be covered and managed by the monitoring columns, the monitoring columns can accurately adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the soil fertility and sorghum growth conditions in different areas, avoid waste and excessive use of water and fertilizer, and improve the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization; through zoning management, targeted management operations can be carried out according to the specific conditions of each area. At harvesting, since the growth conditions of forage sorghum in each area are relatively consistent, harvesting can be carried out in a centralized manner to improve harvesting efficiency and quality.

[0037] Furthermore, in step 2, the data comparison and predicted growth of forage sorghum are the growth heights 20 days, 50 days and 70 days after sowing.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the basic plan are: by comparing historical data with predicted data, it helps to optimize resource allocation for growth heights in different subsequent growth stages, reasonably arrange the time and amount of irrigation and fertilization, and avoid waste and excessive use of resources; about 20 days is the seedling growth period for forage sorghum. Predicting the growth height at this time helps to determine the seeds that have not sprouted and focus on cultivation; 50 days is the rapid growth period for forage sorghum. At this time, the thin stems that have not entered the rapid growth period are focused on cultivation or removed; 70 days is the mowing period for forage sorghum. It is time to mow the forage sorghum when it has not yet headed and bloomed and reaches 1.2m-1.5m for fresh feeding or 2.5m for silage.

[0039] Furthermore, in step five, the external image transmission device uses a drone controlled by the cultivation control system. The drone takes pictures of the areas that need to be monitored and transmits them to the cultivation control system, and then the growth conditions of the forage sorghum in the target area are manually judged.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: drones can quickly reach designated areas for filming, enabling real-time monitoring of the growth of forage sorghum, reducing the time and labor costs of manual inspections; high-definition images carried by drones can capture detailed information on forage sorghum in each area, such as growth height and lodging conditions, providing an accurate basis for manual judgment.

[0041] Furthermore, in step six, the water-fertilizer integrated equipment is a vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment, and the vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment is started by the cultivation control system to move directionally to a preset specific position given by the cultivation control system.

[0042] The beneficial effect of the basic solution is that by enabling the vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment to accurately move to the position specified by the cultivation control system, precise irrigation of the area can be achieved, reducing labor costs.

[0043] Furthermore, in step seven, the cutting height of sorghum for fresh feeding is 1.5 meters to 2 meters, and the cutting height of sorghum for silage is 3 meters.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the basic plan are: when the height of forage sorghum reaches more than 1.5 meters, the content of hydrocyanic acid in its leaves and stems has been significantly reduced. At this time, fresh feeding to livestock can reduce the risk of hydrocyanic acid poisoning. Mowing below 2 meters is to ensure the appropriate mowing height to promote the tillering and regeneration of forage sorghum, which is beneficial to subsequent growth and yield accumulation; when mowing at a height of 3 meters, the biological yield of forage sorghum is higher, and the quality of forage is still good, with moderate moisture content, which is beneficial to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria during ensiling and improves the quality and shelf life of silage.

[0045] Furthermore, the cultivation control system includes an information collection module, an identification and judgment module, an equipment control module and a signal module;

[0046] An information collection module is used to collect shading rate and image information of fodder sorghum;

[0047] The recognition and judgment module is used to receive the collected shading rate and image information of the fodder sorghum, call the data of previous years and compare and analyze the shading rate in multiple regions to determine whether the height of the fodder sorghum reaches the cutting standard, recognize and analyze the image information, and determine the growth status of the fodder sorghum in different regions;

[0048] The equipment control module is used to control the cultivation device, the drone and the vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment according to the identification and judgment information;

[0049] Signal module, used to send out mowing signals.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The shading rate of fodder sorghum is collected through the information collection module, and combined with the previous years' data and multi-region comparison analysis in the identification and judgment module, it can accurately determine whether the height of the crop meets the mowing standard.

[0051] 2. Through the recognition and analysis of image information by the recognition and judgment module, the system can monitor and evaluate the growth status of fodder sorghum in different areas in real time, including growth rate, health status, etc., providing an important basis for precise management.

[0052] 3. The equipment control module automatically calls cultivation devices, drones, and vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment based on identification and judgment information, thereby achieving precise control of the crop growth environment and effective use of resources, greatly improving production efficiency and resource utilization.

[0053] 4. When the signal module identifies that the fodder sorghum has reached the mowing standard, it can promptly send out a mowing signal to remind managers to proceed with the next step. This timely warning mechanism helps avoid over-maturity or waste of crops and ensures that crops are harvested at the best time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps of the forage sorghum cultivation control method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the forage sorghum cultivation control device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of part A of the forage sorghum cultivation control device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 It is an axonometric view of part B of the forage sorghum cultivation control device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. solar panel; 2. monitoring column; 3. motor; 4. chute; 5. drive chamber; 6. fertilizer tank; 7. first valve; 8. delivery pipe; 9. first light source sensor; 10. second light source sensor; 11. nozzle; 12. water pump; 13. water suction pipe; 14. water and fertilizer tank; 15. second valve; 16. positioning cone; 17. spray port; 18. water and fertilizer chamber; 19. partition; 20. soil detector; 21. detection chamber; 22. third valve; 23. fourth valve; 24. fifth valve; 25. rain bucket; 26. rotating rod; 27. fixing seat; 28. monitoring camera; 29. ​​distribution chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0060] Example 1

[0061] Basically as attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown: a sorghum cultivation control device for forage, including a cultivation control system and a monitoring column 2, the cultivation control system is connected to the monitoring column 2 by signal, the top of the monitoring column 2 is bolted with a solar panel 1, a battery is installed in the solar panel 1, the solar panel 1 is electrically connected to the battery, the bottom of the monitoring column 2 is fixedly connected with a hollow positioning cone 16, a driving cavity 5 is opened in the monitoring column 2, a motor 3 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the driving cavity 5, an image recognition component is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 3, the other end of the image recognition component is located outside the monitoring column 2, a conveying component is fixedly connected in the driving cavity 5, and the conveying component is located below the motor 3, a rain storage hopper 25 is welded on the outer wall of the monitoring column 2, and the inner bottom wall of the rain storage hopper 25 is provided with a A pressure sensor is installed. A plurality of fifth valves 24 are opened on the monitoring column 2 near the bottom of the rain storage hopper 25. The rain storage hopper 25 is connected to the conveying assembly through the fifth valve 24. A photosensitive assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the monitoring column 2. The photosensitive assembly is located below the rain storage hopper 25. The photosensitive assembly includes a first light source sensor 9 and a second light source sensor 10 from top to bottom. The first light source sensor 9 is located at a position of 2.9 meters on the monitoring column 2, and the second light source sensor 10 is located at a position of 1.5 meters on the monitoring column 2. A water and fertilizer tank 14 is connected to the bottom of the monitoring column 2 by bolts. A plurality of second valves 15 are opened on the monitoring column 2 near the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank 14. The water and fertilizer tank 14 is connected to the conveying assembly through the second valve 15.

[0062] The image recognition component includes a rotating rod 26 and a monitoring camera 28. One end of the rotating rod 26 is sleeved on the side wall of the output shaft of the motor 3. The monitoring column 2 is provided with a slide groove 4 corresponding to the movement trajectory of the rotating rod 26. The rotating rod 26 passes through the monitoring column 2 and extends to the outside of the monitoring column 2. One end of the rotating rod 26 extending to the outside of the monitoring column 2 is bolted to an L-shaped fixing seat 27, and the fixing seat 27 is detachably connected to the monitoring camera 28.

[0063] A partition 19 is welded inside the positioning cone 16, and the partition 19 divides the interior of the positioning cone 16 into a water and fertilizer chamber 18 and a detection chamber 21 from top to bottom. The positioning cone 16 is provided with a plurality of spray ports 17 connected to the water and fertilizer chamber 18. A soil detector 20 is detachably connected to the detection chamber 21. One end of the soil detector 20 is located in the detection chamber 21, and the other end of the soil detector 20 passes through the detection chamber 21 and extends to the outside of the bottom end of the positioning cone 16.

[0064] The conveying assembly includes a fertilizer tank 6, a conveying pipe 8 and a distribution chamber 29 from top to bottom. The conveying pipe 8 is spirally shaped. A first valve 7 is fixedly connected between the top of the conveying pipe 8 and the fertilizer tank 6. The top of the conveying pipe 8 is respectively connected to the first valve 7 and a plurality of fifth valves 24. Through the spiral conveying pipe 8, rainwater in the rain storage hopper 25 and fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 6 are mixed as long as possible in the conveying pipe 8 when they are conveyed at the same time, and the spiral structure also makes the water and fertilizer play a stirring role in the conveying pipe 8. The bottom of the conveying pipe 8 is connected to a fourth valve 23. The end of the fourth valve 23 away from the conveying pipe 8 is connected to the distribution chamber 29. The distribution chamber 29 is connected to the water-fertilizer tank 14 through a plurality of second valves 15. The distribution chamber 29 is connected to the water-fertilizer chamber 18 through a third valve 22.

[0065] A plurality of water-drawing pipes 13 are provided in the water-fertilizer box 14 , one end of the water-drawing pipe 13 passes through the top wall of the water-fertilizer box 14 and extends to the outside, one end of the water-drawing pipe 13 outside the water-fertilizer box 14 is connected to a nozzle 11 , and the water-drawing pipe 13 is connected to a water pump 12 , which is fixedly connected to the top wall inside the water-fertilizer box 14 .

[0066] A method for controlling the cultivation of sorghum for forage comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: land preparation and sowing: select fodder sorghum soil for land preparation. Before land preparation, deep plowing and fine harrowing are required. After applying sufficient base fertilizer, 4 to 5 fodder sorghum seeds are sown in a soil layer 3 to 5 cm deep from the surface, with a hole spacing of 30 to 40 cm.

[0068] Step 2, data recording: divide the soil into an area according to the coverage of monitoring column 2 and number it, and record the planting date of fodder sorghum, use the data to compare the growth height of fodder sorghum planted in the current season in previous years, and predict the growth height of fodder sorghum 20 days, 50 days and 70 days after sowing this year;

[0069] Step 3, field monitoring: a monitoring column 2 is installed at the center of each numbered area to monitor the soil condition and climate condition of each area in real time. The signal of the monitoring column 2 is connected to the cultivation control system. The cultivation control system timely analyzes the water and fertilizer required for the fodder sorghum planted in the corresponding area through the monitoring data, and controls the monitoring column 2 to irrigate the water and fertilizer;

[0070] Step 4, height monitoring: the monitoring column 2 determines the current height of the fodder sorghum in the current area through the shading rate, and transmits the data signal to the cultivation control system;

[0071] Step 5, data comparison: the growth height of the fodder sorghum is transmitted to the cultivation control system through the monitoring column 2, the cultivation control system compares the height data of different areas, and calls the height data of the fodder sorghum in the same growth period in previous years, and focuses on monitoring the areas where the shading rate is less than the average. The cultivation control system obtains the situation of the area with low average shading rate through an external image transmission device and feeds it back to the manual. The external image transmission device uses a drone controlled by the cultivation control system. The drone takes pictures of the areas that need to be monitored, and transmits them to the cultivation control system, and then manually judges the growth situation of the fodder sorghum in the target area;

[0072] Step 6, field management: manually determine whether the growth of sorghum forage in the target area is normal through image data obtained by an external image transmission device, and if there is a situation where the area is lodging or other heights are less than the average, then start the monitoring column 2 through the cultivation control system to perform positioning camera monitoring to determine the specific location of the problem in the area, and the cultivation control system controls the water-fertilizer integrated equipment to supplement fertilizer water to the sorghum forage in the target area. The water-fertilizer integrated equipment is a vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment. The vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment is started by the cultivation control system to move in a directional manner to the preset specific location given by the cultivation control system;

[0073] Step 7, harvest reminder and fertilizer supplement: the cultivation control system issues an early warning and mows the fields in the area where the shading rate meets the standard. The mowing height of sorghum for fresh feeding is 1.5 meters to 2 meters, and the mowing height of sorghum for silage is 3 meters. After the harvest is completed, the monitoring column 2 will supplement the fields in the mowing area with fertilizer and water.

[0074] The specific implementation process is as follows: first, the monitoring column 2 is fixed at the center position of each numbered area through the positioning cone 16, and the solar panel 1 is installed on the top of the monitoring column 2. The solar panel 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy to provide power for the entire device. In addition, the battery installed inside the solar panel 1 can not only store the excess solar energy converted into electrical energy, but also provide backup power for the entire device on rainy days; and add a certain amount of water to the water-fertilizer box 14, and add fertilizer for fertilization to the fertilizer tank 6.

[0075] When the crops on the ground do not need irrigation, the soil monitor will monitor the moisture and nutrients in the soil in real time. When the moisture in the soil is low, the cultivation control system opens the second valve 15 and the third valve 22, and the water pre-stored in the water-fertilizer box 14 flows into the water-fertilizer chamber 18 through the distribution chamber 29, and drip irrigation is performed to the deep soil from the spray port 17 to ensure that the soil moisture in this area is in a state suitable for the growth of fodder sorghum; when the nutrient content of the soil is low, the cultivation control system opens the first valve 7 and the third valve 22, and the fertilizer enters the distribution chamber 29 through the delivery pipe 8, and then enters the water-fertilizer chamber 18, and the nutrients are supplemented to the deep soil from the spray port 17 to ensure that the soil nutrients in this area are in a state suitable for the growth of fodder sorghum.

[0076] When it rains, rainwater will be collected and stored in the rain hopper 25. The pressure sensor at the bottom of the rain hopper 25 will calculate the rainfall at this time and then transmit a signal to the cultivation control system. The rainwater in the rain hopper 25 will flow into the delivery pipe 8 through the cultivation control system to open the fifth valve 24 and the second valve 15. The fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 6 will flow into the delivery pipe 8 through the cultivation control system to open the first valve 7. The rainwater and fertilizer will be further mixed in the delivery pipe 8 and then enter the water-fertilizer tank 14 to prepare for the next operation. The cultivation control system determines whether the water required for the growth cycle of the fodder sorghum at this time is reached according to the rainfall. If it is reached, there is no need for irrigation. The rainwater will be stored in the water-fertilizer tank 14 for subsequent irrigation. If the water required for the growth of fodder sorghum is not met, after the rainfall ends, the cultivation control system will turn on the water pump 12 again to transport the mixed water and fertilizer in the water-fertilizer tank 14 to the sprinkler 11 and irrigate the fodder sorghum.

[0077] When fresh feeding is needed for livestock, when the fodder sorghum reaches a height of 1.5 meters or above, the light source collection of the second light source sensor 10 at the 1.5-meter position will be blocked due to its growth height. The second light source sensor 10 collects the shading rate of the corresponding area and transmits the data to the cultivation control system in time. The cultivation control system compares the shading rate of the fodder sorghum after reaching a height of 1.5 meters in previous years with the shading rate at a position above 1.5 meters to determine whether the fodder sorghum has reached a height of 1.5 meters. If so, an early warning can be issued to mow it for fresh feeding. If the shading rate is lower than the shading rate at a height of 1.5 meters, the cultivation control system calls the drone to obtain image information to determine the number of the target area, and then starts the motor 3 to rotate slowly, so that the monitoring camera 28 in this area can monitor the surrounding fodder sorghum in detail, thereby determining the problem location and transmitting it to the cultivation control system.

[0078] When it is necessary to prepare silage for livestock, when the height of fodder sorghum reaches 2.9 meters or above, the light source collection of the first light source sensor 9 at the 2.9-meter position will be blocked due to its growth height. The first light source sensor 9 collects the shading rate of the corresponding area and transmits the data to the cultivation control system in time. The cultivation control system compares the shading rate of the fodder sorghum after reaching a height of 3 meters in previous years with the shading rate at a position above 2.9 meters to determine whether the fodder sorghum has reached a height of 3 meters. If so, an early warning can be issued to cut it for silage. If the shading rate is lower than 3 meters but higher than the shading rate at a height of 2.9 meters, the cultivation control system will not issue an early warning to harvest the fodder sorghum for the time being. When the shading rate is lower than 2.9 meters, the cultivation control system calls the drone to obtain image information to determine the number of the target area, and then starts the motor 3 to rotate slowly, so that the monitoring camera 28 in this area monitors the surrounding fodder sorghum in detail, and then determines the problem location, and then transmits it to the cultivation control system.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] The difference from the above embodiment is that the cultivation control system includes an information collection module, an identification and judgment module, an equipment control module and a signal module;

[0081] An information collection module is used to collect shading rate and image information of fodder sorghum;

[0082] The recognition and judgment module is used to receive the collected shading rate and image information of the fodder sorghum, call the data of previous years and compare and analyze the shading rate in multiple regions to determine whether the height of the fodder sorghum reaches the cutting standard, recognize and analyze the image information, and determine the growth status of the fodder sorghum in different regions;

[0083] The equipment control module is used to control the cultivation device, the drone and the vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment according to the identification and judgment information;

[0084] Signal module, used to send out mowing signals.

[0085] The specific implementation process is as follows: the shading rate of forage sorghum is collected through the information collection module, and combined with the previous years' data and multi-region comparison analysis in the recognition and judgment module, it can accurately determine whether the height of the crop meets the mowing standard; the recognition and analysis of image information by the recognition and judgment module enables the system to monitor and evaluate the growth status of forage sorghum in different areas in real time, including growth rate, health status, etc., providing an important basis for precise management; the equipment control module automatically calls the cultivation equipment, drones and vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment according to the recognition and judgment information, realizing the precise regulation of the crop growth environment and the effective use of resources, greatly improving production efficiency and resource utilization; when the signal module recognizes that the forage sorghum has reached the mowing standard, it can send a mowing signal in time to remind the management personnel to proceed to the next step. This timely early warning mechanism helps to avoid over-maturity or waste of crops and ensure that crops are harvested at the best time.

[0086] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0087] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A fodder sorghum cultivation control device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cultivation control system and a monitoring column (2), wherein the cultivation control system is connected to the monitoring column (2) by signal, the top of the monitoring column (2) is fixedly connected to a solar panel (1), a storage battery is installed in the solar panel (1), and the solar panel (1) is electrically connected to the storage battery, the bottom of the monitoring column (2) is fixedly connected to a hollow positioning cone (16), a driving cavity (5) is opened in the monitoring column (2), a motor (3) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the driving cavity (5), an image recognition component is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (3), and the other end of the image recognition component is located outside the monitoring column (2), a conveying component is fixedly connected in the driving cavity (5), and the conveying component is located below the motor (3), and a storage battery is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the monitoring column (2). A rain bucket (25) is provided, and a pressure sensor is installed on the inner bottom wall of the rain bucket (25). A plurality of fifth valves (24) are provided on the monitoring column (2) near the bottom of the rain bucket (25). The rain bucket (25) is connected to the conveying component through the fifth valves (24). A photosensitive component is provided on the outer wall of the monitoring column (2). The photosensitive component is located below the rain bucket (25). The photosensitive component includes a first light source sensor (9) and a second light source sensor (10) from top to bottom. A water and fertilizer tank (14) is fixedly connected around the bottom of the monitoring column (2). A plurality of second valves (15) are provided on the monitoring column (2) near the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank (14). The water and fertilizer tank (14) is connected to the conveying component through the second valves (15).

2. The fodder sorghum cultivation control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image recognition component comprises a rotating rod (26) and a monitoring camera (28), one end of the rotating rod (26) is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor (3), a sliding groove (4) corresponding to the movement trajectory of the rotating rod (26) is opened on the monitoring column (2), the rotating rod (26) penetrates the monitoring column (2) and extends outside the monitoring column (2), and one end of the rotating rod (26) extending outside the monitoring column (2) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped fixing seat (27), and the fixing seat (27) and the monitoring camera (28) are detachably connected; A partition (19) is fixedly connected inside the positioning cone (16), and the partition (19) divides the interior of the positioning cone (16) into a water and fertilizer chamber (18) and a detection chamber (21) from top to bottom. The positioning cone (16) is provided with a plurality of spraying ports (17) connected to the water and fertilizer chamber (18). A soil detector (20) is detachably connected inside the detection chamber (21), and one end of the soil detector (20) is located inside the detection chamber (21), and the other end of the soil detector (20) penetrates the detection chamber (21) and extends to the outside of the bottom end of the positioning cone (16); The conveying assembly comprises, from top to bottom, a fertilizer tank (6), a conveying pipe (8) and a distribution chamber (29); the conveying pipe (8) is spiral-shaped; a first valve (7) is fixedly connected between the top end of the conveying pipe (8) and the fertilizer tank (6); the top end of the conveying pipe (8) is connected to the first valve (7) and a plurality of fifth valves (24); the bottom end of the conveying pipe (8) is connected to a fourth valve (23); the end of the fourth valve (23) away from the conveying pipe (8) is connected to the distribution chamber (29); the distribution chamber (29) is connected to a water-fertilizer tank (14) via a plurality of second valves (15); and a third valve (22) is connected between the distribution chamber (29) and the water-fertilizer chamber (18); A plurality of water-drawing pipes (13) are arranged in the water-fertilizer box (14), one end of the water-drawing pipe (13) penetrates the top wall of the water-fertilizer box (14) and extends to the outside, one end of the water-drawing pipe (13) located outside the water-fertilizer box (14) is connected to a nozzle (11), and the water-drawing pipe (13) is connected to a water pump (12), which is fixedly connected to the top wall of the water-fertilizer box (14).

3. A method for controlling the cultivation of sorghum for forage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Land preparation and sowing: Select fodder sorghum soil for land preparation. Before land preparation, deep plowing and fine harrowing are required, and sufficient base fertilizer is applied before sowing. Step 2, data recording: divide the soil into regions and number them, and record the planting date of forage sorghum, use the data to compare the growth height of forage sorghum planted in previous years in the current season, and predict the growth height of forage sorghum this year; Step 3, field monitoring: a monitoring column (2) is installed at the center of each numbered area to monitor the soil condition and climate condition of each area in real time. The monitoring column (2) is connected to the cultivation control system through the monitoring data. The cultivation control system timely analyzes the water and fertilizer required for the fodder sorghum planted in the corresponding area and controls the monitoring column (2) to irrigate with water and fertilizer; Step 4, height monitoring: the monitoring column (2) determines the current height of the fodder sorghum in the current area by collecting the shading rate and transmitting the data signal to the cultivation control system, and compares it with the predicted current growth height of the fodder sorghum, and then the cultivation control system determines whether additional water and fertilizer irrigation is required through the monitoring column (2); Step 5, data comparison: the growth height of the fodder sorghum is transmitted to the cultivation control system through the monitoring column (2), and the cultivation control system compares the height data of different fodder sorghum planting areas, and calls the height data of fodder sorghum in the same growth period in previous years, and focuses on monitoring the areas where the shading rate is less than the average. The cultivation control system controls an external image transmission device, and obtains the actual situation of the area with a low average shading rate through the external image transmission device and feeds it back to the human; Step 6, field management: manually determine whether the growth of sorghum forage in the target area is normal through image data obtained by an external image transmission device, and if there is a situation where the area is lodging or other height is lower than the average, then start the monitoring column (2) through the cultivation control system to carry out positioning camera monitoring, determine the specific location of the problem in the area, and the cultivation control system controls the water-fertilizer integrated equipment to supplement the sorghum forage in the target area with fertilizer and water; Step 7, harvest reminder and fertilizer supplement: the cultivation control system issues an early warning and mows the fields in the area where the shading rate reaches the standard. After the harvest is completed, the monitoring column (2) will supplement fertilizer and water to the fields in the mowed area.

4. The method for controlling the cultivation of fodder sorghum according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 1, 4 to 5 forage sorghum seeds are sown in a soil layer 3 to 5 cm deep from the surface, with a hole spacing of 30 to 40 cm.

5. The forage sorghum cultivation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the soil is divided into an area according to the coverage of the monitoring column (2).

6. The method for controlling the cultivation of fodder sorghum according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the data comparison and predicted growth of forage sorghum are the growth heights at 20 days, 50 days, and 70 days after sowing.

7. The forage sorghum cultivation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step five, the external image transmission device is a drone controlled by the cultivation control system. The drone takes pictures of the areas that need to be monitored and transmits them to the cultivation control system, which then manually judges the growth conditions of the forage sorghum in the target area.

8. The method for controlling the cultivation of fodder sorghum according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step six, the water-fertilizer integrated equipment is a vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment, which is started by the cultivation control system and directed to move to a preset specific position given by the cultivation control system.

9. The method for controlling the cultivation of fodder sorghum according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step seven, the cutting height of sorghum for fresh feeding is 1.5 meters to 2 meters, and the cutting height of sorghum for silage is 3 meters.

10. The method for controlling the cultivation of fodder sorghum according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cultivation control system includes an information collection module, an identification and judgment module, an equipment control module and a signal module; An information collection module is used to collect shading rate and image information of fodder sorghum; The recognition and judgment module is used to receive the collected shading rate and image information of the fodder sorghum, call the data of previous years and compare and analyze the shading rate in multiple regions to determine whether the height of the fodder sorghum reaches the cutting standard, recognize and analyze the image information, and determine the growth status of the fodder sorghum in different regions; An equipment control module, used to call the monitoring column (2), the drone and the vehicle-mounted irrigation equipment according to the identification and judgment information; Signal module, used to send out mowing signals.

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