Breeding method of new variety of Babylonia thick-shell

Abstract

The invention provides a breeding method of a new variety of Babylonia thick-shell. The method comprises the following steps: selecting babylonia thick-shell individuals as a breeding group, mixing and harvesting babylonia oocysts; hatching oocysts, and cultivating larvae to obtain young snails; feeding the young snails with a thickening agent to obtain a first filial generation; breeding the first filial generation by taking the shell thickness as a benchmark, arranging the first filial generation according to the shell thickness from large to small, intercepting the first filial generation and reserving the best, and screening out thick-shell individuals as a propagation expanding group; and carrying out large-scale breeding on the propagated population, and continuously repeating for more than two generations to obtain stable inheritance Babylonia thick-shell. The Babylonia thick-shell cultivated through the method has the advantages of being thick in shell and high in pressure resistance, and the shell thickness, the shell weight and the weight of the Babylonia thick-shell cultivated through the method are all remarkably increased.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with application date of May 30, 2024, application number 2024106881938, and invention name “A method for breeding a new variety of thick-shelled baby snails”. Technical Field

[0002] The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic breeding of babylonia, and more specifically, relates to a breeding method for a new variety of thick-shelled babylonia. Background Art

[0003] Dongfeng conch, also known as sea pig conch, sweet conch, southern wind conch, yellow conch, and flower conch, belongs to the phylum Mollusca, class Gastropoda, subclass Prosobranchia, order Neogastropoda, family Buccinidae, and genus Babylonia. Dongfeng conch is widely distributed in my country's southeastern coast and Southeast Asia. The main provinces for breeding Dongfeng conch in my country are Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, and Guangxi.

[0004] At present, there have been many studies on the germplasm improvement of existing Dongfeng snails, such as the square-spotted Dongfeng snail "Haitai No. 1" (variety registration number GS-01-008-2018), the bay scallop "Haiyifeng No. 11" (variety registration number GS-01-012-2022), the razor clam "Yongle No. 1" (variety registration number GS-01-004-2020), the long oyster "Haida No. 4" (variety registration number GS-02-008-2022), etc., but these newly bred varieties are not bred for shell thickness. In addition, especially for Dongfeng snails, which have a very thin and brittle shell thickness, in the production and breeding of Dongfeng snails, fishing, changing ponds, transportation and other links often cause varying degrees of damage to the shell of Dongfeng snails, resulting in casualties. Therefore, how to increase the shell thickness of Dongfeng snails, thereby resisting seawater acidification, improving the survival rate of Dongfeng snails, and reducing losses has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned existing technical problems, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding a new variety of thick-shelled baby snails. The thick-shelled baby snails bred by the breeding method have the advantages of thick shells and strong pressure resistance. The shell thickness, shell weight and body weight of the bred thick-shelled baby snails are significantly improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention claims protection for a method for breeding a new variety of thick-shelled babylonia snails, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Select thick-shelled individuals of Babylonia sinensis as the breeding population, interbreed the breeding population, and harvest the egg cysts of Babylonia sinensis;

[0009] S2. The egg capsules of the snails are hatched and the larvae are cultivated to obtain young snails; the young snails are fed with a thickening agent to obtain the first generation; the first generation is then selected based on shell thickness, the first generation is arranged from large to small according to shell thickness, the first generation is intercepted and retained, and thick-shelled individuals are selected as the expansion population;

[0010] S3. The expanded population is bred in large scale according to the mixed breeding of step S1 and the operation of step S2, and the breeding is repeated for more than 2 generations to obtain a stable genetic thick-shelled Babylonia snail;

[0011] The thickening agent includes a growth promoter, complex vitamins and complex multi-minerals; the growth promoter is prepared by extracting the following raw materials; in terms of weight, the raw materials include: 4 to 5 parts of dew grass, 2 to 3 parts of gentian, 1 to 2 parts of oriental water chestnuts and 1 to 2 parts of selfheal.

[0012] The present invention selects thick-shelled individuals of Babylonia sinensis as a breeding group, mixes the breeding group, then uses a thickening agent to culture the Babylonia sinensis to obtain the first generation, selects the first generation based on shell thickness, selects the best with a selection pressure of 10%, screens out an expansion group, and breeds the expansion group on a large scale for more than 2 generations, thereby obtaining thick-shelled Babylonia sinensis with stable inheritance.

[0013] The thickening agent in the present invention includes a growth promoter, a complex vitamin and a complex multi-mineral. The growth promoter contains a variety of trace elements, steroid ketone compounds, polysaccharides, vitamins, amino acids and other nutrients, which can be absorbed by aquatic animals, play a role in promoting growth in the body of the babylonia snail, promote the absorption of calcium and magnesium, improve the growth rate, enhance the disease resistance of the babylonia snail, promote metabolism and protein synthesis, and thus promote the increase of the shell thickness of the babylonia snail.

[0014] The composite multi-minerals in the present invention can maintain the survival and body fluid balance of the baby snails, promote the growth of the baby snails, increase the thickness of the baby snail shell, supplement the nutritional needs of various baby snails, and promote better accumulation of the baby snail shell. The composite vitamins in the present invention can promote the growth of baby snails, improve the feeding of baby snails, enhance the metabolism, enzyme activity and cell activity of baby snails, promote the digestion, absorption and metabolism of the ingredients in the bait, and further convert them into the nutrients required by the baby snail shell; they can supplement nutrition and improve the health level of the baby snail body.

[0015] The present invention uses the above breeding method and a specific thickening agent to cultivate thick-shelled babylonia with the advantages of thick shell and strong pressure resistance. The shell thickness, shell weight and body weight of the cultivated thick-shelled babylonia are significantly improved.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the thick-shelled individuals of the first 10-20% of the thickness of the Babylonia snails are selected as the breeding population.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, the male-female ratio of the mixed Babylonia snails is 1:1-3.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the first generation is selected with a selection pressure of 10-20%.

[0019] Further preferably, the vitamin complex comprises, by weight: 1-2 parts of vitamin A acetate, 2-3 parts of DL-α-tocopherol acetate, 1-2 parts of vitamin B1, 1-2 parts of vitamin B2, 2-3 parts of vitamin B6, and 1-2 parts of vitamin B6. 12 1-2 parts, 1-2 parts of vitamin C, 1-2 parts of niacinamide, 1-2 parts of D-calcium pantothenate, and 3-4 parts of folic acid.

[0020] More preferably, the vitamin complex comprises, by weight: 1 part of vitamin A acetate, 2 parts of DL-α-tocopherol acetate, 1 part of vitamin B1, 1 part of vitamin B2, 2 parts of vitamin B6, 12 1 part, 1 part vitamin C, 1 part niacinamide, 1 part D-calcium pantothenate, 3 parts folic acid.

[0021] Further preferably, the composite multi-mineral comprises, by weight: 10-15 parts of calcium citrate, 1-2 parts of amino acid manganese, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of glycine iron, 1-2 parts of glycine copper, 1-2 parts of amino acid zinc, 1-2 parts of cobalt chloride, 1-2 parts of potassium iodate, 1-2 parts of sodium selenite, 1-2 parts of lysine, and 1-2 parts of methionine.

[0022] More preferably, the composite multi-mineral comprises, by weight: 10 parts of calcium citrate, 1 part of amino acid manganese, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of glycine iron, 1 part of glycine copper, 1 part of amino acid zinc, 1 part of cobalt chloride, 1 part of potassium iodate, 1 part of sodium selenite, 1 part of lysine, and 1 part of methionine.

[0023] Preferably, the mass ratio of the growth promoter, the complex vitamins and the complex multi-minerals is 3-5:1-2:1-2.

[0024] Preferably, in step S1, one or more of ragworms, oysters or crabs are fed to the breeding group before interbreeding. Feeding ragworms, oysters or crabs before interbreeding can enhance the nutrition of the snails and is beneficial to their growth and development. More specifically, the snails are fed in the evening every day, with the amount of oysters or ragworms accounting for 5-10% of their body weight, and the amount of crabs accounting for 20-40% of their body weight.

[0025] Preferably, in step S2, the thickening agent is mixed with bait for feeding, and juvenile and adult shellfish culture is performed to obtain the first generation. Further preferably, the thickening agent is added to the bait in an amount of 1 to 5 wt%. More preferably, the thickening agent is added to the bait in an amount of 2 to 4 wt%.

[0026] More preferably, the feed amount accounts for 5-12% of the snail's body weight. More specifically, in the early stage, feed for 2 days and rest for 1 day, and the feed amount accounts for about 5-7% of the snail's body weight; in the middle and late stages, feed once every 2 days, and the feed amount accounts for about 10-12% of the snail's body weight.

[0027] Preferably, the raw material of the growth promoter is mixed with petroleum ether, extracted, and post-treated to obtain the growth promoter.

[0028] Further preferably, the raw materials may be crushed before mixing, and the particle size of the crushed raw materials may range from 120 to 300 meshes.

[0029] Further preferably, the ratio of the raw material to petroleum ether is 1:6-10 g / mL.

[0030] Further preferably, the extraction is performed 2 to 3 times, and the total extraction time is 5 to 6 hours.

[0031] More preferably, the extraction temperature is 60-90°C.

[0032] Further preferably, the post-treatment is: filtering the extract, and concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent.

[0033] Preferably, during the breeding process, the pH of seawater is controlled at 7.8-8.6, the salinity is 28-34, the temperature is 24-30°C, and the ventilation volume is maintained at 0.008-0.02V / V·min.

[0034] Specifically, the babylonia snails include but are not limited to Babylonia areolata, Babylonia lutosa, Babylonia formosae and the like.

[0035] Specifically, the thick-shelled individuals of the Babylonia sinensis can be selected using conventional methods in the art, such as using a digital thickness measuring instrument or a laser thickness gauge.

[0036] Preferably, in step S2, different unicellular algae can be fed at different planktonic periods during the cultivation stage of the larvae of the baby snail. For example, the bait fed to the early-stage veliger larvae can be golden algae, the bait fed to the mid-stage veliger larvae can be golden algae and / or flat algae, and the bait fed to the late-stage veliger larvae can be one or more of Thalassiosira, Chaetoceros or Flat algae. More specifically, during the culture of juvenile shellfish, the bait fed can be one or more of brine shrimp larvae and oysters; more specifically, 0.1-1wt% taurine and 0.1-1wt% EM bacteria can be added to oysters.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention, through the above-mentioned breeding method and in combination with a specific thickening agent, cultivates thick-shelled babylonia snails with the advantages of thick shells and strong pressure resistance. The shell thickness, shell weight and body weight of the cultivated thick-shelled babylonia snails are significantly improved, greatly improving the fishing and transportation resistance, and has good market application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a breeding roadmap for new varieties of thick-shelled baby snails.

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the measurement position A of the shell thickness of the Dongfeng conch.

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the shell edge of the Babylonia snail before and after selection. Figure 3 B in the figure is a schematic diagram showing that the edge of the shell of a thick-shelled Babylonia snail after breeding is smooth and undamaged; Figure 3 Point C in the figure is a schematic diagram of the shell damage of the Babylonia snail (thin-shelled individuals of all sizes) before breeding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0043] The phrase "early veliger larvae" refers to the developmental period in which two residual yolk masses are clearly visible in the body of the Babylonia snail larvae, and there are two oval veligers that are symmetrical on both sides and have densely ciliated edges.

[0044] The phrase "mid-stage veliger larvae" means that the yolk mass of the snail larvae has disappeared, and it has obvious characteristics such as eyes, forelegs, primary shells, and a pair of antennae.

[0045] The phrase "late veliger larvae" means that the larvae of the Dongfeng snail have a proboscis, water tubes, clearly differentiated gill filaments on their heads, and 1 to 2 rows of reddish-brown pigment spots on the whorls.

[0046] The phrase "juvenile snail" means that the larvae of the snail have atrophy of their facial disc, loss of cilia, and change from floating to crawling.

[0047] The phrase "acidity" refers to the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution, usually expressed as a pH value.

[0048] Example 1 A breeding method for thick-shelled babylonia

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for breeding a new variety of thick-shelled babylonia snails comprises the following steps:

[0050] (1) Selection of broodstock: The geographical population of Babylonia southwesternii from Hainan was selected as the dominant broodstock population. The top 10% thickest shelled individuals were selected using a laser thickness gauge as the breeding population. Males and females were identified based on their gender characteristics and paired at a male-to-female ratio of 1:2.

[0051] (2) Promoting mating of parent snails: Nutritional reinforcement is carried out for the selected breeding group. Feeding is carried out once every evening at 5 pm. Oysters, sandworms and crabs are fed alternately every day. During this period, the water temperature is controlled at 25-30℃, the salinity is 28-34, and the pH is 7.8-8.6. When the parent snails are sexually mature, they are mixed, fertilized, and spawned. The egg sacs (egg capsules) of the snails attached to the bottom of the pond or on the sand are collected.

[0052] (3) Breeding of the next generation

[0053] Hatching, larval cultivation, juvenile culture and adult culture: The egg bags of Dongfeng snails are placed in the hatching frame and then placed in the nursery pond. The water temperature of the nursery pond is controlled at 27-28℃, the salinity is 28-30, and the pH is 7.8-8.2. After 7 days, the fertilized eggs complete embryonic development in the egg bag, and then the Dongfeng snail larvae are hatched from the top of the Dongfeng snail egg bag. The density of Dongfeng snail larvae is controlled to 0.5-1.0 / mL, with trace aeration, and the closed type does not change water. Feed bait twice a day at a fixed point, at 8:00 in the morning and 20:00 in the evening. Early face plate larvae are fed with golden algae, mid-face plate larvae are fed with golden algae and flat algae, and late face plate larvae are fed with sea kelp, horn algae and flat algae. After 12 days of cultivation, the Dongfeng snail larvae successfully fell to the bottom, attached and metamorphosed into crawling juvenile snails. The snail feed was changed to brine shrimp larvae, and after 7 days it was changed to crushed oyster meat. 0.5wt% taurine and 0.5wt% EM bacteria were added to the oysters, which were soaked for 15 minutes and then sprayed throughout the pond.

[0054] After 30 days of intermediate cultivation, the young snails become juvenile snails. The sand and juvenile Dongfeng snails in the intermediate cultivation pond are shoveled into a stainless steel snail sieve, and snails of different sizes are separated for cultivation in different ponds.

[0055] Put the baby snails into the breeding pond, and keep the water flowing for 24 hours during the breeding period. Feed blue round scads throughout the whole process, and the feeding amount of blue round scads accounts for 5-12% of the snail's body weight. When feeding, add a thickening agent accounting for 3.0% of the blue round scads' weight to soak small fish and then feed them. It is best to make sure that there is no bait left within 20 minutes after feeding. Feed for 2 days and stop for 1 day in the early stage, and the feeding amount accounts for about 5-7% of the snail's body weight; feed once every 2 days in the middle and late stages, and the feeding amount accounts for about 10-12% of the snail's body weight. After 8 months of breeding, harvest the finished snails (first generation).

[0056] Among them, the thickening agent includes growth promoter, complex vitamin and complex multi-mineral, and the mass ratio of the three is 4:1:1 respectively.

[0057] The growth promoter is prepared by extracting the following raw materials, which include, by weight: 4 parts of dewgrass, 2 parts of gentian, 1 part of oriental water chestnut and 1 part of selfheal.

[0058] The method for extracting the growth promoter is as follows: crush the above raw materials into 200 meshes, the ratio of the raw materials to petroleum ether is 1:8 g / mL, extract at 70°C, the number of extractions is 2 times, and the total extraction time is 5.5 hours; filter the extract, concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure, remove the solvent, and obtain the growth promoter.

[0059] The vitamin complex includes, by weight: 1 part of vitamin A acetate, 2 parts of DL-α-tocopherol acetate, 1 part of vitamin B1, 1 part of vitamin B2, 2 parts of vitamin B6, and 1 part of vitamin B6. 12 1 part, 1 part vitamin C, 1 part niacinamide, 1 part D-calcium pantothenate, 3 parts folic acid.

[0060] The composite multi-mineral comprises, by weight: 10 parts of calcium citrate, 1 part of amino acid manganese, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of glycine iron, 1 part of glycine copper, 1 part of amino acid zinc, 1 part of cobalt chloride, 1 part of potassium iodate, 1 part of sodium selenite, 1 part of lysine and 1 part of methionine.

[0061] The finished snails (first generation) were selected and bred with shell thickness as the target trait. They were arranged from large to small according to shell thickness. The offspring of intraspecific hybridization were selected with a selection pressure of 10%, and the thick-shelled individuals were selected as the breeding population.

[0062] (4) Large-scale breeding: The expanded population is then bred on a large scale according to steps (2) and (3). After three consecutive generations of purification, a new variety of thick-shelled Babylonia conch with stable genetics is obtained.

[0063] Example 2 A breeding method for thick-shelled Babylonia areolata

[0064] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0065] In terms of weight, the raw materials include: 5 parts of dew grass, 2 parts of gentian, 2 parts of oriental water chestnuts and 2 parts of selfheal.

[0066] Example 3 A breeding method for thick-shelled Babylonia areolata

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0068] In terms of weight, the raw materials include: 4 parts of dew grass, 3 parts of gentian, 1 part of oriental water chestnut and 2 parts of selfheal.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no thickening agent is used in the breeding process.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the thickening agent only includes complex vitamins and complex multi-minerals.

[0073] Comparative Example 3

[0074] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the thickening agent only includes a growth promoter and a multivitamin.

[0075] Comparative Example 4

[0076] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the thickening agent only includes a growth promoter and a composite multi-mineral.

[0077] Test Example 1

[0078] The above examples and comparative examples were tested using the following method:

[0079] Shell thickness: 30 snails were randomly selected and the shell thickness of each snail was measured with a digital vernier caliper. The measurement position of the snail was the body whorl near the snail mouth (such as Figure 2 The average shell thickness is recorded and calculated.

[0080] Shell weight: 30 snails were randomly selected, the soft parts were removed, and the shells were retained. The shells were weighed using an electronic balance (500 g / 0.01 g), and the average shell thickness was recorded and calculated.

[0081] Weight: 30 snails were randomly selected, the shells were removed, the soft parts were retained, and they were weighed using an electronic balance (500g / 0.01g). The average shell thickness was recorded and calculated.

[0082] The calculation formula for test data is:

[0083] Average shell thickness = total shell thickness of 30 snails ÷ 30;

[0084] Average shell weight = total shell weight of 30 snails ÷ 30;

[0085] Average weight = total weight of 30 snails ÷ 30;

[0086] The comparison of the test data of the embodiment and the comparative example is shown in Table 1 below.

[0087] Table 1

[0088]

[0089] It can be seen from the examples that the thick-shelled Babylonia snails obtained by the thick-shelled Babylonia snail new variety breeding method provided by the present invention are cultured Babylonia snails, such as Figure 3 As shown, the shell thickness, shell weight and body weight of the cultivated thick-shelled baby snails are significantly improved, and the shell edges of individual thick-shelled baby snails are smooth and undamaged, while the shells of the baby snails before breeding are damaged. During the same breeding time, the thick-shelled baby snails cultivated by the present invention have an average shell thickness of 0.80-0.83 mm, an average shell weight of 6.63-6.82 g, and an average body weight of 13.47-13.66 g.

[0090] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that the shell thickness, body weight and shell weight of the Babylonia snails cultivated without using a thickening agent are significantly worse than those of the thick-shelled Babylonia snails cultivated by the present invention.

[0091] It can be seen from Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 that the thick-shelled babylonia obtained by the thick-shelled babylonia breeding method provided by the present invention is cultured, and the growth promoter, compound vitamins and compound multi-minerals act synergistically during the same culture time. The thick-shelled babylonia bred by the present invention has significantly increased shell thickness, shell weight and body weight in three growth indicators compared with the original babylonia, and the economic traits are significantly improved.

[0092] The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and are used to explain some features of the method of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to require the widest possible range that can be imagined, and the embodiments presented herein are demonstrated by the applicant's actual test results. Therefore, the applicant's intention is that the appended claims are not limited by the selection of examples that illustrate the features of the present invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims also include sub-ranges therein, and changes in these ranges should also be interpreted as being covered by the appended claims where possible.

Claims

1. A thickening agent, characterized in that It comprises a growth promoter, a compound vitamin and a compound multi-mineral; the growth promoter is prepared by extracting the following raw materials; by weight, the raw materials comprise: 4-5 parts of dewgrass, 2-3 parts of gentian, 1-2 parts of oriental water chestnuts and 1-2 parts of selfheal.

2. The thickening agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound vitamins include, by weight: 1-2 parts of vitamin A acetate, 2-3 parts of DL-α-tocopherol acetate, 1-2 parts of vitamin B1, 1-2 parts of vitamin B2, 2-3 parts of vitamin B6, and 1-2 parts of vitamin B6. 12 1-2 parts, 1-2 parts of vitamin C, 1-2 parts of niacinamide, 1-2 parts of D-calcium pantothenate, and 3-4 parts of folic acid.

3. The thickening agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The composite multi-mineral comprises, by weight: 10-15 parts of calcium citrate, 1-2 parts of amino acid manganese, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of glycine iron, 1-2 parts of glycine copper, 1-2 parts of amino acid zinc, 1-2 parts of cobalt chloride, 1-2 parts of potassium iodate, 1-2 parts of sodium selenite, 1-2 parts of lysine and 1-2 parts of methionine.

4. The thickening agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the growth promoter, the complex vitamin and the complex multi-mineral is 3-5:1-2:1-2.

5. The thickening agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material of the growth promoter is mixed with petroleum ether, extracted, and post-processed to obtain the growth promoter.

6. The thickening agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio of the raw material to petroleum ether is 1:6-10 g / mL.

7. The thickening agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extraction is performed 2 to 3 times, and the total extraction time is 5 to 6 hours.

8. The thickening agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extraction temperature is 60-90°C.

9. The thickening agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The post-treatment is as follows: filtering the extract, and concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent.

10. Use of the thickening agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the breeding of thick-shelled Babylonia snails.

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