Hydrogen combustion device and system

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrogen combustion device and system, belongs to the technical field of combustors, and aims at solving the problem that high-concentration oxynitride is generated due to the fact that the combustion flame temperature of an existing hydrogen combustion device is high. The device comprises a burner shell, a burner cover and a burner cover, a cavity is formed in the burner shell, the burner shell is connected with a boiler body, and the cavity is communicated with a hearth in the boiler body; the combustor shell is connected with a hydrogen header pipe, a flue gas header pipe and an air header pipe; a pre-combustion assembly and a post-combustion assembly; the pre-combustion assembly is used for spraying hydrogen and air into the hearth and mixing the hydrogen and the air to form first mixed gas; the rear combustion assembly is used for spraying hydrogen, flue gas and air into the hearth and mixing the hydrogen, the flue gas and the air to form second mixed gas; the first combustion assembly comprises an ignition part, the ignition part is used for igniting the first mixed gas, and the ignited first mixed gas is used for igniting the second mixed gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of burners, and in particular to a hydrogen combustion device and system. Background Art

[0002] At present, various heating furnaces and boilers in the industrial and civil fields still mainly use coal, natural gas and other fuels. The burning of fossil fuels will produce a large amount of CO2, becoming the main source of greenhouse gases. Fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas have brought serious environmental pollution and greenhouse effect to humans. The development and use of green renewable energy has become a consensus of all mankind.

[0003] At present, with the advancement of technology, the cost of photovoltaic and wind power generation continues to decline, and the cost of green electricity hydrogen production will also continue to decline. Hydrogen can not only be used as fuel for hydrogen fuel cells, vehicle and ship engines, industrial gas turbines and other equipment, but also as fuel for industrial heating furnaces and boilers.

[0004] Due to the high combustion speed of hydrogen, the combustion flame temperature of current hydrogen combustion devices is high, and incomplete combustion leads to the production of higher concentrations of nitrogen oxides, thus causing environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a hydrogen combustion device and system, aiming to solve the problem that the existing hydrogen combustion device has a high combustion flame temperature and incomplete combustion, thereby resulting in the generation of a higher concentration of nitrogen oxides.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen combustion device, the device comprising:

[0007] A burner housing, wherein a cavity is formed in the burner housing, the burner housing is connected to a boiler furnace body, and the cavity is communicated with a furnace in the boiler furnace body;

[0008] The burner shell is connected with a hydrogen main pipe, a flue gas main pipe and an air main pipe, wherein the hydrogen main pipe is used to transmit hydrogen into the boiler furnace through the cavity, the flue gas main pipe is used to transmit the flue gas discharged from the furnace into the boiler furnace through the cavity, and the air main pipe is used to transmit air into the boiler furnace through the cavity;

[0009] A first combustion component and a second combustion component, wherein the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both located in the burner housing, and the second combustion component is concentrically arranged outside the first combustion component, and the ends of the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both facing the furnace;

[0010] The first combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe and the air main pipe, and is used to spray hydrogen and air into the furnace to mix and form a first mixed gas; the second combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe, the air main pipe and the flue gas main pipe, and is used to spray hydrogen, flue gas and air into the furnace to mix and form a second mixed gas;

[0011] Wherein, the first combustion component includes an ignition element, and the ignition element is used to ignite the first mixed gas, and the ignited first mixed gas is used to ignite the second mixed gas.

[0012] Optionally, the first combustion component comprises:

[0013] a first air pipe, the first air pipe being horizontally arranged at the center of the cavity, one end of the first air pipe being connected to the air main pipe, and the other end of the first air pipe passing through the cavity and facing the furnace, the ignition element being arranged in the first air pipe;

[0014] a first hydrogen pipe, the first hydrogen pipe being arranged at the center of the first air pipe, one end of the first hydrogen pipe being connected to the hydrogen main pipe, and the other end of the first hydrogen pipe penetrating the first air pipe and facing the furnace;

[0015] The hydrogen sprayed from the first hydrogen pipe and the air sprayed from the first air pipe form a first mixed gas in the furnace.

[0016] Optionally, the first air pipe is provided with an air nozzle at the end facing the furnace, and the air nozzle is provided with a plurality of spray holes.

[0017] Optionally, the post-combustion assembly comprises:

[0018] At least one second hydrogen pipe, at least one second hydrogen pipe is arranged around the first combustion component, one end of the second hydrogen pipe is connected to the hydrogen main pipe, and the other end passes through the cavity and faces the furnace;

[0019] a second air pipe, the second air pipe being arranged around the outside of the second hydrogen pipe, one end of the second air pipe being connected to both the air main pipe and the flue gas main pipe, and the other end of the second air pipe passing through the cavity and facing the furnace;

[0020] The hydrogen sprayed from the second hydrogen pipe and the flue gas and air sprayed from the second air pipe form a second mixed gas in the furnace.

[0021] Optionally, the post-combustion assembly further comprises:

[0022] At least one third hydrogen pipe, at least one third hydrogen pipe is arranged around the second air pipe, one end of the third hydrogen pipe is connected to the hydrogen main pipe, and the other end passes through the cavity and faces the furnace;

[0023] The hydrogen sprayed from the third hydrogen pipe is used to mix with the second mixed gas and burn simultaneously after the second mixed gas is ignited.

[0024] Optionally, the second air pipe comprises:

[0025] An annular flue gas housing and a flue gas inlet pipe;

[0026] Wherein, an annular smoke chamber is formed in the annular smoke housing, and the annular smoke chamber is connected to both the air main pipe and the smoke main pipe;

[0027] The flue gas inlet pipe comprises a suction part, a mixing part and a pressure diffuser part which are connected to each other, and the suction part, the mixing part and the pressure diffuser part are arranged in sequence in the cavity along a direction close to the furnace;

[0028] The suction part is connected to the annular flue gas shell, the mixing part is used to mix the air and flue gas entering from the suction part, and the diffuser is connected to the furnace to spray the mixed air and flue gas into the furnace.

[0029] Optionally, the suction part has a first channel for air and smoke to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel gradually decreases in a direction close to the furnace;

[0030] The mixing part has a second channel for air and flue gas to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel is kept consistent in the direction close to the furnace;

[0031] The pressure diffuser has a third channel for air and flue gas to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel gradually increases in a direction approaching the furnace.

[0032] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0033] A hydrogen manifold, the hydrogen manifold being arranged on a side of the burner shell away from the boiler furnace body, the hydrogen main pipe being connected to the hydrogen manifold, and the hydrogen main pipe being connected to both the first combustion component and the second combustion component through the hydrogen manifold;

[0034] A main flame arrester is provided at the connection between the hydrogen header and the hydrogen main pipe to block the entry of air.

[0035] Optionally, a flue gas regulating valve is provided on the flue gas main pipe.

[0036] A second aspect of the present application provides a hydrogen combustion system, which includes a boiler furnace body and the hydrogen combustion device described in the first aspect.

[0037] A hydrogen combustion device, comprising:

[0038] A burner housing, wherein a cavity is formed in the burner housing, the burner housing is connected to a boiler furnace body, and the cavity is communicated with a furnace in the boiler furnace body;

[0039] The burner shell is connected with a hydrogen main pipe, a flue gas main pipe and an air main pipe, wherein the hydrogen main pipe is used to transmit hydrogen into the boiler furnace through the cavity, the flue gas main pipe is used to transmit the flue gas discharged from the furnace into the boiler furnace through the cavity, and the air main pipe is used to transmit air into the boiler furnace through the cavity;

[0040] A first combustion component and a second combustion component, wherein the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both located in the burner housing, and the second combustion component is concentrically arranged outside the first combustion component, and the ends of the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both facing the furnace;

[0041] The first combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe and the air main pipe, and is used to spray hydrogen and air into the furnace to mix and form a first mixed gas; the second combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe, the air main pipe and the flue gas main pipe, and is used to spray hydrogen, flue gas and air into the furnace to mix and form a second mixed gas;

[0042] Wherein, the first combustion component includes an ignition element, and the ignition element is used to ignite the first mixed gas, and the ignited first mixed gas is used to ignite the second mixed gas.

[0043] This application has the following advantages:

[0044] The gases used for combustion are graded into a first mixed gas and a second mixed gas. The first mixed gas is directly ignited, and the second mixed gas is ignited by the first mixed gas, which effectively reduces the combustion rate of hydrogen during the combustion process and reduces the intensity of the combustion reaction. The first mixed gas is mixed with air, and the second mixed gas is mixed with flue gas and air. Excess air and flue gas are used as cooling media to significantly reduce the temperature of the flame during the combustion of hydrogen, avoiding the high flame temperature due to poor heat dissipation conditions of the central flame, thereby greatly reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides produced by combustion.

[0045] Secondly, since hydrogen burns very quickly, if a premixed combustion method is used, hydrogen and air are mixed in the burner shell in advance before burning, it is very easy to flash back, resulting in abnormal combustion. Using the diffusion combustion method in this application, the hydrogen and air in the first combustion component and the after-combustion component are sprayed into the furnace independently, and mixed while burning in the furnace, not only does not flash back, but the delayed effect of mixing can also be used to further reduce the peak temperature of the flame, extend the flame length, and make the temperature in the furnace tend to be uniform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a hydrogen combustion device proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a hydrogen combustion system proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hydrogen combustion device proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged view of the positions of the first hydrogen pipe, the second hydrogen pipe and the third hydrogen pipe;

[0051] Figure 5 is a side view of a hydrogen combustion device proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An enlarged view of the positions of the first hydrogen pipe, the second hydrogen pipe and the third hydrogen pipe;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smoke inlet pipe proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection circuit between the ignition element and the liquefied gas cylinder proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Reference numerals: 1, burner shell; 2, cavity; 3, boiler body; 4, furnace; 5, hydrogen main pipe; 6, flue gas main pipe; 7, air main pipe; 8, first air pipe; 9, first hydrogen pipe; 10, air nozzle; 11, spray hole; 12, second hydrogen pipe; 13, second air pipe; 131, annular flue gas shell; 132, flue gas inlet pipe; 1321, suction part; 1322, mixing part; 1323, pressure diffuser; 14. The third hydrogen pipe; 15. The hydrogen manifold; 16. The main flame arrester; 18. The ignition piece; 19. The flue gas pipe connecting flange; 20. The bellows; 21. The combustion-supporting fan; 22. The flue gas exhaust fan; 23. The flue gas regulating valve; 24. The secondary flame arrester; 25. The annular nozzle; 26. The air regulating device; 27. The ignition combustion tube; 28. The high-voltage electric fire wire; 29. ​​The explosion-proof solenoid valve; 30. The pressure gauge; 31. The pressure reducing valve; 32. The liquefied gas cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] At present, various heating furnaces and boilers in the industrial and civil fields still mainly use coal, natural gas and other fuels. The burning of fossil fuels will produce a large amount of CO2, becoming the main source of greenhouse gases. Fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas have brought serious environmental pollution and greenhouse effect to humans. The development and use of green renewable energy has become a consensus of all mankind.

[0058] At present, with the advancement of technology, the cost of photovoltaic and wind power generation continues to decline, and the cost of green electricity hydrogen production will also continue to decline. Hydrogen can not only be used as fuel for hydrogen fuel cells, vehicle and ship engines, industrial gas turbines and other equipment, but also as fuel for industrial heating furnaces and boilers.

[0059] The characteristics of hydrogen combustion are now introduced:

[0060] 1. After hydrogen burns in the air, the products are water and nitrogen. Water is produced by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the air, and nitrogen already exists in the air.

[0061] 2. The ignition energy of hydrogen is very low, and ignition deflagration is very likely to occur, and the ignition safety and stability are low;

[0062] 3. Hydrogen molecules have a very small diameter, making them difficult to seal and prone to leakage. The leakage rate is about three times that of natural gas.

[0063] 4. Hydrogen has a wide explosion concentration range (4%-75.9%) and is prone to explosion due to leakage;

[0064] 5. The combustion speed of hydrogen is fast, about 8 times that of natural gas, and it is prone to flashback. At the same time, due to the fast combustion speed of hydrogen, the flame temperature is high, which will produce a higher concentration of nitrogen oxides.

[0065] Based on the above characteristics, due to the fast combustion speed of hydrogen, the combustion flame temperature of the current hydrogen combustion device is high, and the incomplete combustion will lead to the production of higher concentrations of nitrogen oxides, thereby causing environmental pollution.

[0066] In view of this, the present application provides a hydrogen combustion device and system, aiming to solve the problem of high combustion flame temperature and incomplete combustion of existing hydrogen combustion devices, which leads to the generation of higher concentrations of nitrogen oxides.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,in, Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a hydrogen combustion device proposed in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a hydrogen combustion system proposed in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hydrogen combustion device proposed in one embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Among them, Figure 2 In the figure, the solid arrows are the flow direction of the flue gas, and the hollow arrows are the flow direction of the air.

[0069] A hydrogen combustion device, comprising:

[0070] A burner housing 1, wherein a cavity 2 is formed in the burner housing 1, the burner housing 1 is connected to a boiler furnace body 3, and the cavity 2 is communicated with a furnace 4 in the boiler furnace body 3;

[0071] The burner housing 1 is connected with a hydrogen main pipe 5, a flue gas main pipe 6 and an air main pipe 7, wherein the hydrogen main pipe 5 is used to transmit hydrogen into the boiler furnace body 3 through the cavity 2, the flue gas main pipe 6 is used to transmit the flue gas discharged from the furnace 4 into the boiler furnace body 3 through the cavity 2, and the air main pipe 7 is used to transmit air into the boiler furnace body 3 through the cavity 2;

[0072] A first combustion component and a second combustion component, wherein the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both located in the burner housing 1, and the second combustion component is concentrically arranged outside the first combustion component, and the ends of the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both facing the furnace 4;

[0073] The first combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5 and the air main pipe 7, and is used to spray hydrogen and air into the furnace 4 to mix and form a first mixed gas; the second combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5, the air main pipe 7 and the flue gas main pipe 6, and is used to spray hydrogen, flue gas and air into the furnace 4 to mix and form a second mixed gas;

[0074] The first combustion component includes an ignition element 18, and the ignition element 18 is used to ignite the first mixed gas. The ignited first mixed gas is used to ignite the second mixed gas.

[0075] The boiler furnace body 3 is placed horizontally, and the length direction of the boiler furnace body 3 is horizontal. The burner shell 1 is connected to one end of the boiler furnace body 3. A cavity 2 is formed in the burner shell 1, and a furnace 4 is formed in the boiler furnace body 3. Hydrogen combustion is carried out in the furnace 4 in the boiler furnace body 3. The furnace 4 and the cavity 2 are connected to ensure that the gas passing through the cavity 2 can enter the furnace 4.

[0076] One end face of the boiler furnace body 3 is an air inlet, and the other end face is an air outlet. The air inlet is connected to the burner shell 1, and the burner shell 1 is used to spray hydrogen, air, and flue gas, which are gases required for combustion, into the furnace 4. The air outlet is connected to a flue gas main pipe 6, one end of which is connected to the furnace 4, and the other end is connected to the burner shell 1. The flue gas main pipe 6 is used to realize the flue gas circulation in the boiler furnace body 3, and the exhaust gas generated after combustion in the boiler furnace body 3 can be recirculated to make the exhaust gas more fully burned.

[0077] The flue gas generated after the combustion of hydrogen in the boiler furnace body 3 contains nitrogen and a small amount of oxygen and hydrogen that are not fully burned.

[0078] The burner housing 1 is used to input hydrogen, air and flue gas into the boiler furnace 3, wherein the burner housing 1 is connected with a flue gas main pipe 6, a hydrogen main pipe 5 and an air main pipe 7, and the flue gas main pipe 6, the hydrogen main pipe 5 and the air main pipe 7 are all connected with the cavity 2. The end of the air main pipe 7 away from the burner housing 1 is provided with a combustion-supporting blower 21, and the combustion-supporting blower 21 is used to draw air from the environment into the cavity 2, and the end of the hydrogen main pipe 5 away from the burner housing 1 is provided with a hydrogen storage device for transmitting hydrogen into the cavity 2.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the flue gas main pipe 6 is formed by connecting two parts, wherein the two parts of the flue gas main pipe 6 are connected by a flue pipe connecting flange 19 .

[0080] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, a flue gas regulating valve 23 is provided on the flue gas main pipe 6 .

[0081] The smoke regulating valve 23 can regulate the flow rate of smoke entering the cavity 2 to ensure that the smoke entering the cavity 2 is within a reasonable range.

[0082] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, an air regulating device 26 is provided at the connection position between the air main pipe 7 and the cavity 2. The air regulating device 26 is used to adjust the flow rate of air entering the cavity 2 to ensure that the air entering the cavity 2 is within a reasonable range.

[0083] The function of the cavity 2 in the burner housing 1 is to spray hydrogen, air and flue gas into the furnace 4 in batches and grades for mixing through the arrangement of various internal pipes, and then ignite the mixed gas to achieve the effect of the present application. As follows:

[0084] The arrangement of the first combustion component and the after combustion component realizes the staged combustion of hydrogen, wherein the shape of the cavity 2 of the burner housing 1 is cylindrical, and the length direction of the burner housing 1 is horizontal, the first combustion component is arranged at the center of the cylindrical cavity 2, and the after combustion component is concentrically arranged on the outside of the first combustion component. The first combustion component is used to spray hydrogen and air into the furnace 4 to mix to form a first mixed gas, and the after combustion component is used to spray hydrogen, flue gas and air into the furnace 4 to mix to form a second mixed gas. Due to the difference in the arrangement positions of the first combustion component and the after combustion component, the first mixed gas located in the furnace 4 is located in the middle of the furnace 4, and the second mixed gas located in the furnace 4 is located on the outside of the first mixed gas, and the second mixed gas surrounds the first mixed gas.

[0085] Because the ignition element 18 is arranged in the first combustion component, the ignition element 18 will first ignite the first mixed gas located in the middle of the furnace 4 when igniting. After ignition, the first mixed gas diffuses outward and finally ignites the second mixed gas in the outer layer, thereby realizing the staged combustion of hydrogen.

[0086] Through the above arrangement, the use of this hydrogen staged combustion method has the following advantages:

[0087] The gases used for combustion are graded into a first mixed gas and a second mixed gas. The first mixed gas is directly ignited, and the second mixed gas is ignited by the first mixed gas, which effectively reduces the combustion rate of hydrogen during the combustion process and reduces the intensity of the combustion reaction. The first mixed gas is mixed with air, and the second mixed gas is mixed with flue gas and air. Excess air and flue gas are used as cooling media to significantly reduce the temperature of the flame during the combustion of hydrogen, avoiding the high flame temperature due to poor heat dissipation conditions of the central flame, thereby greatly reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides produced by combustion.

[0088] Secondly, since hydrogen burns very quickly, if a premixed combustion method is used, hydrogen and air are mixed in advance in the burner housing 1 before burning, flashback is very likely to occur, resulting in failure to burn normally. By adopting the diffusion combustion method in this application, the hydrogen and air in the first combustion component and the after-combustion component are sprayed into the furnace 4 independently, and mixed while burning in the furnace 4, not only does flashback not occur, but the delayed effect of mixing can also be used to further reduce the peak temperature of the flame, extend the flame length, and make the temperature in the furnace 4 tend to be uniform.

[0089] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 ,in, Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged view of the positions of the first hydrogen pipe 9, the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14; Figure 5 is a side view of a hydrogen combustion device proposed in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An enlarged view of the positions of the first hydrogen pipe 9, the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14.

[0090] The first combustion component is the first to burn. The first combustion component is described in detail below. In some embodiments of the present application, it has the following configuration:

[0091] The first combustion component comprises:

[0092] a first air pipe 8, wherein the first air pipe 8 is horizontally arranged at the center of the cavity 2, one end of the first air pipe 8 is connected to the air main pipe 7, and the other end of the first air pipe 8 passes through the cavity 2 and faces the furnace 4, and the ignition element 18 is arranged in the first air pipe 8;

[0093] A first hydrogen pipe 9, which is disposed at the center of the first air pipe 8, one end of which is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5, and the other end of which passes through the first air pipe 8 and faces the furnace 4;

[0094] The hydrogen sprayed from the first hydrogen pipe 9 and the air sprayed from the first air pipe 8 form a first mixed gas in the furnace 4 .

[0095] The first hydrogen pipe 9 is a single pipe, and the first hydrogen pipe 9 is arranged at the center of the cylindrical cavity 2. The first hydrogen pipe 9 is arranged horizontally and extends along the length direction of the cavity 2. Since one end of the first hydrogen pipe 9 is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5, and the other end passes through the first air pipe 8 and faces the furnace 4, the first hydrogen pipe 9 is used to transport the hydrogen in the hydrogen main pipe 5 to the furnace 4 through the cavity 2.

[0096] The hydrogen main pipe 5 is arranged at the center of the cavity 2, which ensures that the ignition position of the first combustion component is in the middle of the furnace 4, so that the flame generated by the combustion can be better diffused outward, thereby igniting the second mixed gas.

[0097] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 There are two first air pipes 8 in the number, wherein the first air pipe 8 is located at Figure 3 The number of the upper first air pipe 8 is the upper outer wall of the first air pipe 8, which is located at Figure 3 The number of the first air pipe 8 below is the lower outer wall of the first air pipe 8. It can be seen that the first air pipe 8 is in the shape of an annular tube and is sleeved on the outer side of the first hydrogen pipe 9.

[0098] The first air pipe 8 is also a single pipe, which is arranged outside the first hydrogen pipe 9. The first hydrogen pipe 9 and the first air pipe 8 are arranged concentrically, and the first air pipe 8 is arranged horizontally and extends along the length direction of the cavity 2. Since one end of the first air pipe 8 is connected to the air main pipe 7, and the other end passes through the cavity 2 and faces the furnace 4, the first air pipe 8 is used to transport the air in the air main pipe 7 to the furnace 4, and mix with the hydrogen sprayed into the furnace 4 by the first hydrogen pipe 9 to form a first mixed gas.

[0099] In summary, the first hydrogen pipe 9 and the first air pipe 8 cooperate to spray hydrogen and air into the furnace 4, where they mix to form a combustible gas column, which is then ignited by the ignition element 18 to achieve the first stage of combustion in the furnace 4.

[0100] Since the more dangerous stage of hydrogen combustion occurs during the ignition period, and since hydrogen has low ignition energy and a fast combustion speed, if the electric spark generated by the ignition electrode is used to directly ignite hydrogen, ignition deflagration shock is likely to occur, resulting in ignition failure and reducing the ignition success rate.

[0101] To solve the above problems, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0102] The ignition element 18 in the present application is arranged at an upper position inside the first air pipe 8, wherein, in order to achieve safe and reliable ignition, the igniter is configured to ignite heterogeneous fuels, and the ignition combustion speed of heterogeneous fuels is relatively low. Natural gas, liquefied gas, or light diesel is used as the ignition fuel. An ignition spark of relatively large power (greater than 1KW) is first formed by electric spark ignition, and then the spark is used to ignite the central hydrogen.

[0103] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection circuit between the ignition element 18 and the liquefied gas cylinder 32 proposed in one embodiment of the present application.

[0104] The device also includes: an ignition combustion tube 27, a high-voltage electric ignition wire 28, an explosion-proof electromagnetic valve 29, a pressure gauge 30, a pressure reducing valve 31 and a liquefied gas cylinder 32. The liquefied gas cylinder 32 is connected to the ignition component 18 through the ignition combustion tube 27 to provide fuel for the ignition component 18, and the high-voltage electric ignition wire 28 is connected to the ignition component 18 for ignition. The explosion-proof electromagnetic valve 29 is arranged on the ignition combustion tube 27 to cut off the ignition combustion tube 27. The pressure gauge 30 is arranged on the ignition combustion tube 27 to monitor the pressure of the ignition combustion tube 27. The pressure reducing valve 31 is arranged on the ignition combustion tube 27 to relieve the pressure of the ignition combustion tube 27.

[0105] The ignition combustion tube 27 is located in the first air tube 8, and the ignition combustion tube 27 is arranged horizontally, and the ignition combustion tube 27 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first air tube 8. The ignition combustion tube 27 is provided with a high-voltage electric fire line 28, an explosion-proof electromagnetic valve 29, a pressure gauge 30, and a part of the pressure reducing valve 31 extending out of the cavity 2, and connected to a liquefied gas cylinder 32 arranged on the ground.

[0106] In summary, by setting the ignition combustion tube 27, the high-voltage electric fire wire 28 and the liquefied gas cylinder 32, the fuel supply and ignition requirements of the ignition component 18 are realized. At the same time, the setting of the explosion-proof solenoid valve 29, the pressure gauge 30 and the pressure reducing valve 31 realizes the detection and release of the pressure of the flammable gas in the pipeline, thereby improving safety.

[0107] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In order to make the air sprayed into the furnace 4 by the first air pipe 8 more evenly distributed, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0108] The first air pipe 8 is provided with an air nozzle 10 at the end facing the furnace 4 , and the air nozzle 10 is provided with a plurality of spray holes 11 .

[0109] The air nozzle 10 is disc-shaped, and the disc-shaped air nozzle 10 separates the first air pipe 8 from the furnace 4. A plurality of spray holes 11 provided on the air nozzle 10 realize the connection between the furnace 4 and the first air pipe 8. The air in the first air pipe 8 is sprayed into the furnace 4 through the plurality of spray holes 11. The plurality of spray holes 11 are evenly arranged on the air nozzle 10, thereby ensuring that the air sprayed into the furnace 4 is even, enhancing the mixing effect with the hydrogen in the first hydrogen pipe 9, and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0110] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6, the post-combustion component is ignited by the pre-combustion component. The post-combustion component is described in detail below. In some embodiments of the present application, it has the following configuration:

[0111] The afterburner assembly comprises:

[0112] At least one second hydrogen pipe 12, at least one second hydrogen pipe 12 is arranged around the first combustion component, one end of the second hydrogen pipe 12 is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5, and the other end passes through the cavity 2 and faces the furnace 4;

[0113] A second air pipe 13, the second air pipe 13 is disposed around the outside of the second hydrogen pipe 12, one end of the second air pipe 13 is connected to the air main pipe 7 and the flue gas main pipe 6, and the other end passes through the cavity 2 and faces the furnace 4;

[0114] The hydrogen sprayed from the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the flue gas and air sprayed from the second air pipe 13 form a second mixed gas in the furnace 4 .

[0115] The second hydrogen pipes 12 in the present application are configured in four numbers, and the four second hydrogen pipes 12 are located outside the first air pipe 8 and are arranged around the first air pipe 8. The second hydrogen pipes 12 are arranged horizontally and extend along the length direction of the cavity 2. The second hydrogen pipes 12 are used to spray hydrogen into the furnace 4, and the hydrogen sprayed by the second hydrogen pipes 12 is located outside the air sprayed by the first air pipe 8.

[0116] The second air pipe 13 is arranged around the outside of the second hydrogen pipe 12. Since one end of the second air pipe 13 is connected to the air main pipe 7 and the flue gas main pipe 6, and the other end passes through the cavity 2 and faces the furnace 4, the second air pipe 13 is used to spray a mixed gas of air and flue gas into the furnace 4.

[0117] The hydrogen sprayed from the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the air and flue gas sprayed from the second air pipe 13 are mixed in the furnace 4 to form a second mixed gas. The second mixed gas is generally located outside the first mixed gas. After the first mixed gas is ignited, the first mixed gas ignites the second mixed gas in the outer circle.

[0118] In order to further enhance the effect of the present application, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0119] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the post-combustion assembly further comprises:

[0120] at least one third hydrogen pipe 14, at least one third hydrogen pipe 14 is arranged around the second air pipe 13, one end of the third hydrogen pipe 14 is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5, and the other end passes through the cavity 2 and faces the furnace 4;

[0121] The hydrogen sprayed from the third hydrogen pipe 14 is used to mix with the second mixed gas and burn simultaneously after the second mixed gas is ignited.

[0122] The third hydrogen pipes 14 in the present application are configured in eight numbers, and the eight third hydrogen pipes 14 are located outside the second air pipe 13 and are arranged around the second air pipe 13. The third hydrogen pipes 14 are arranged horizontally and extend along the length direction of the cavity 2. The third hydrogen pipes 14 are used to spray hydrogen into the furnace 4. Due to the position of the third hydrogen pipes 14, the hydrogen sprayed from the third hydrogen pipes 14 is generally located in the outer circle of the second mixed gas after entering the furnace 4, and is used to be mixed with the second mixed gas again, and can be ignited by the ignited second mixed gas.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present application, hydrogen nozzles are provided on the ends of the first hydrogen pipe 9, the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14 facing the furnace 4, and the hydrogen nozzles are configured as large-caliber high-speed nozzles, wherein the hydrogen injection speed of the hydrogen nozzles is greater than or equal to 100 m / s. Since the flame length is proportional to the caliber of the hydrogen nozzle, a mixed jet of air, flue gas and hydrogen with a swirl number of zero can be obtained by using a large-caliber hydrogen nozzle, which effectively reduces the mixing intensity, prolongs the time for the gas and air to be fully mixed, reduces the combustion speed, and obtains a longer flame in the furnace 4.

[0124] The air injection speed of the first air pipe 8 and the second air pipe 13 is configured to be less than or equal to 15m / s. The hydrogen flow rate sprayed into the furnace 4 is significantly higher than the air and flue gas flow rate sprayed into the furnace 4, so that the parallel jets of hydrogen, air and flue gas form a larger flow rate difference, which is beneficial to prolong the mixing time of hydrogen, air and flue gas, thereby delaying combustion and increasing the flame length, effectively avoiding excessively high flame temperature peaks, ensuring uniform temperature in the furnace 4, and reducing the concentration of generated nitrogen oxides.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present application, in the first mixed gas, the content of air as a whole ranges from 20% to 40%, and in the second mixed gas, the content of air and flue gas as a whole ranges from 60% to 80%.

[0126] The hydrogen in the furnace 4 is composed of hydrogen ejected from the first hydrogen pipe 9, the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14. The hydrogen ejected from the first hydrogen pipe 9 accounts for 5% to 15% of the total hydrogen, the hydrogen ejected from the second hydrogen pipe 12 accounts for 20% to 30% of the total hydrogen, and the hydrogen ejected from the third hydrogen pipe 14 accounts for 60% to 75% of the total hydrogen.

[0127] Among them, the combustion of the hydrogen sprayed from the first hydrogen pipe 9 adopts the lean fuel combustion mode, that is, the hydrogen sprayed from the first hydrogen pipe 9 is mixed with the air sprayed from the first air pipe 8, and the air excess coefficient exceeds 2. When the hydrogen sprayed from the first hydrogen pipe 9 is burned, the excess air can be used as a cooling medium to reduce the temperature of the combustion flame, thereby avoiding the high flame temperature caused by poor heat dissipation conditions of the central flame, and at the same time reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides produced.

[0128] Among them, the excess air coefficient is commonly known as the "excess air coefficient". It refers to the ratio of the actual amount of air supplied to fuel combustion to the theoretical amount of air.

[0129] In some embodiments of the present application, independent control valves are provided on the first hydrogen pipe 9 , the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14 to control whether the hydrogen in the first hydrogen pipe 9 , the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14 flows respectively.

[0130] In some embodiments of the present application, the first hydrogen pipe 9, the second hydrogen pipe 12, the third hydrogen pipe 14 and the hydrogen main pipe 5 are connected by welding. The welding connection has a stronger structural strength and can better prevent hydrogen leakage.

[0131] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke inlet pipe 132 proposed in an embodiment of the present application. In order to enhance the mixing effect of the smoke and air in the second air pipe 13, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0132] The second air pipe 13 comprises:

[0133] An annular smoke housing 131 and a smoke inlet pipe 132;

[0134] An annular smoke chamber is formed in the annular smoke housing 131, and the annular smoke chamber is connected to both the air main pipe 7 and the smoke main pipe 6;

[0135] The flue gas inlet pipe 132 includes a suction portion 1321, a mixing portion 1322 and a pressure diffuser 1323 which are connected to each other. The suction portion 1321, the mixing portion 1322 and the pressure diffuser 1323 are arranged in sequence in the cavity 2 in a direction close to the furnace 4.

[0136] The suction part 1321 is connected to the annular flue gas shell 131 , the mixing part 1322 is used to mix the air and flue gas entering from the suction part 1321 , and the diffuser 1323 is connected to the furnace 4 to spray the mixed air and flue gas into the furnace 4 .

[0137] An annular smoke chamber is formed in the annular smoke housing 131. Since the annular smoke chamber is connected to both the air main pipe 7 and the smoke main pipe 6, the air in the air main pipe 7 and the smoke from the smoke main pipe 6 are both sent into the annular smoke chamber. An annular nozzle 2513 is provided at the connecting port between the air main pipe 7 and the annular smoke chamber. The annular nozzle 25 is in the shape of a trumpet and is used to diffuse and spray the high-speed air entering the annular smoke chamber.

[0138] The annular nozzle 25 is arranged toward the smoke inlet pipe 132 , and the air entering the annular smoke chamber from the annular nozzle 25 and the smoke entering the annular smoke chamber both enter the smoke inlet pipe 132 .

[0139] The flue gas inlet pipe 132 includes a connected suction section 1321, a mixing section 1322 and a diffuser section 1323. The suction section 1321 is connected to the annular flue gas shell 131 and is used to inhale the air and flue gas located in the annular flue gas chamber. The mixing section 1322 is used to fully mix the air and flue gas entering from the suction section 1321. The diffuser section 1323 is connected to the furnace 4 and is used to spray the mixed air and flue gas into the furnace 4.

[0140] After being sent into the furnace 4, the fully mixed flue gas and air form a second mixed gas with the hydrogen sprayed from the second hydrogen pipe 12, which solves the problem of high temperature in the flame center caused by the fast combustion speed of hydrogen and creates conditions for reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides.

[0141] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0142] The suction part 1321 has a first passage for air and smoke to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first passage gradually decreases in the direction close to the furnace 4;

[0143] The mixing portion 1322 has a second channel for air and flue gas to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel remains consistent in the direction close to the furnace 4;

[0144] The diffuser 1323 has a third channel for air and flue gas to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel gradually increases in the direction approaching the furnace 4.

[0145] Reference Figure 7The shape of the smoke inlet pipe 132 is a Venturi tube, wherein the Venturi tube is a pipe that first contracts and then gradually expands, and the first contraction and then gradual expansion correspond to the first channel of the suction part 1321, the second channel of the mixing part 1322 and the third channel of the pressure diffuser 1323 respectively.

[0146] The flue gas inlet pipe 132 arranged in a venturi tube shape has good effects in the measurement of combustion air, cold air, and gas in the hot blast furnace of the steel plant and the large-diameter and low-velocity pipe meter of the primary air and secondary air of the boiler in the thermal power plant. It has a wide measurement range and is easy to install.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present application, in the second mixed gas, the flue gas main pipe 6 delivers the flue gas into the furnace 4 through the second air pipe 13, wherein the flue gas delivered into the furnace 4 by the flue gas main pipe 6 is low-temperature flue gas. The second air pipe 13 uses the kinetic energy of the injection to first suck the above-mentioned flue gas into the mixing section 1322 and fully mix it with the air, and the mixed gas of the flue gas and air is ejected from the diffuser 1323 into the furnace 4, and is mixed with the hydrogen ejected from the second hydrogen pipe 12 at the outlet of the diffuser 1323, and is finally ignited by the flame of the first mixed gas in the middle, and also forms a lean fuel combustion state, and the excess air and flue gas mixed gas as a cooling medium absorbs a large amount of heat from the flame, further reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides generated.

[0148] Reference Figure 3 In order to increase the flow rate of the air in the air main pipe 7 so that the air can be ejected at high speed in the first air pipe 8 and the second air pipe 13, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0149] It also includes a bellows 20, which applies wind pressure to the air main pipe 7 to promote the high-speed flow of air in the air main pipe 7. The high-speed air in the air main pipe 7 is divided and enters the first air pipe 8 and the second air pipe 13 respectively.

[0150] Since the flue gas generated by hydrogen combustion is mainly composed of water vapor and nitrogen, among which the pressure of water vapor reaches 34.7% of the flue gas pressure, after the flue gas enters the cavity 2 from the flue gas main pipe 6 together with the low-temperature air entering from the air main pipe 7, a large amount of liquid water will be condensed after the flue gas and the low-temperature air are mixed. The generation of condensed water will have a serious impact on the reliable operation of the hydrogen combustion device.

[0151] Reference Figure 2In order to avoid the generation of condensed water, in some embodiments of the present application, an independent flue gas induced draft fan 22 is provided on the flue gas main pipe 6. The flue gas induced draft fan 22 is used to draw out low-temperature flue gas (temperature is about 150°C) from the air outlet of the boiler furnace body 3, and the low-temperature flue gas is pressurized by the flue gas induced draft fan 22 and sent into the second air pipe 13, and finally sent into the combustion chamber quickly through a high-speed air jet, thereby effectively avoiding full contact with the air sent in by the air pipe to generate cooling water.

[0152] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In order to further improve production safety, in some embodiments of the present application, the following settings are provided:

[0153] The device also includes:

[0154] A hydrogen manifold 15, which is disposed on a side of the burner housing 1 away from the boiler furnace body 3, the hydrogen main pipe 5 is connected to the hydrogen manifold 15, and the hydrogen main pipe 5 is connected to both the first combustion component and the second combustion component through the hydrogen manifold 15;

[0155] A main flame arrester 16 is provided at the connection between the hydrogen header 15 and the hydrogen main pipe 5 to block the entry of air.

[0156] One end of the hydrogen manifold 15 is connected to the hydrogen main pipe 5 , and the other end is connected to the first hydrogen pipe 9 , the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14 , and is used to transport hydrogen to the first hydrogen pipe 9 , the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14 .

[0157] The main flame arrester 16 provided on the hydrogen header 15 is used to eliminate the problem of air entering the hydrogen header 15, effectively avoiding the risk of explosion after the mixture of air and hydrogen is ignited, and eliminating the hidden danger of flashback.

[0158] A secondary flame arrester 24 is also provided on the hydrogen header 15 to further enhance safety.

[0159] Reference Figure 2 Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a hydrogen combustion system, which includes a boiler furnace body 3 and the hydrogen combustion device.

[0160] The use of a hydrogen combustion device and system in the present application can not only reliably burn hydrogen to generate heat, but also greatly reduce the content of nitrogen oxides in the produced waste, wherein the content of nitrogen oxides produced is ≤50mg / Nm3, thereby achieving the goal of low-nitrogen and zero-carbon clean combustion. In general, the present application has the following advantages:

[0161] On the one hand, the gas used for combustion is graded into a first mixed gas and a second mixed gas, respectively. The first mixed gas is directly ignited, and the second mixed gas is ignited by the first mixed gas, which effectively reduces the combustion rate of hydrogen during the combustion process and reduces the intensity of the combustion reaction; and the first mixed gas is mixed with air, and the second mixed gas is mixed with flue gas and air. Excess air and flue gas are used as cooling media, which significantly reduces the temperature of the flame during the combustion of hydrogen, avoiding the occurrence of high flame temperature due to poor heat dissipation conditions of the central flame, and greatly reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides produced by combustion.

[0162] Secondly, since hydrogen burns very quickly, if a premixed combustion method is used, hydrogen and air are mixed in advance in the burner housing 1 before burning, flashback is very likely to occur, resulting in failure to burn normally. By adopting the diffusion combustion method in this application, the hydrogen and air in the first combustion component and the after-combustion component are sprayed into the furnace 4 independently, and mixed while burning in the furnace 4, not only does flashback not occur, but the delayed effect of mixing can also be used to further reduce the peak temperature of the flame, extend the flame length, and make the temperature in the furnace 4 tend to be uniform.

[0163] Secondly, hydrogen nozzles are provided on the ends of the first hydrogen pipe 9, the second hydrogen pipe 12 and the third hydrogen pipe 14 facing the furnace 4, and the hydrogen nozzles are configured as large-caliber high-speed nozzles, wherein the hydrogen injection speed of the hydrogen nozzles is ≧100m / s. Since the flame length is proportional to the diameter of the hydrogen nozzle, the use of a large-caliber hydrogen nozzle can obtain a mixed jet of air, flue gas and hydrogen with a swirl number of zero, effectively reducing the mixing intensity, prolonging the time for the gas and air to be fully mixed, reducing the combustion speed, and obtaining a longer flame in the furnace 4;

[0164] The air injection speed of the first air pipe 8 and the second air pipe 13 is configured to be ≦15m / s. The hydrogen flow rate sprayed into the furnace 4 is significantly higher than the air and flue gas flow rate sprayed into the furnace 4, so that the parallel jets of hydrogen, air and flue gas form a larger flow rate difference, which is beneficial to prolong the mixing time of hydrogen, air and flue gas, thereby delaying combustion and increasing the flame length, effectively avoiding excessively high flame temperature peaks, ensuring uniform temperature in the furnace 4, and reducing the concentration of generated nitrogen oxides.

[0165] On the third aspect, in the second mixed gas, the flue gas main pipe 6 delivers the flue gas into the furnace 4 through the second air pipe 13, wherein the flue gas delivered into the furnace 4 by the flue gas main pipe 6 is low-temperature flue gas. The second air pipe 13 utilizes the kinetic energy of the injection to firstly suck the above-mentioned flue gas into the mixing section 1322 and fully mix it with the air, and the mixed gas of the flue gas and the air is ejected from the diffuser 1323 into the furnace 4, and is mixed with the hydrogen ejected from the second hydrogen pipe 12 at the outlet of the diffuser 1323, and is finally ignited by the flame of the first mixed gas in the middle, and also forms a lean fuel combustion state, and the excess air and flue gas mixed gas as a cooling medium absorbs a large amount of heat from the flame, further reducing the concentration of the generated nitrogen oxides.

[0166] Fourthly, an independent flue gas induced draft fan 22 is provided on the flue gas main pipe 6, and the flue gas induced draft fan 22 is used to draw out low-temperature flue gas (temperature is about 150°C) from the air outlet of the boiler furnace body 3, and pressurize the low-temperature flue gas through the flue gas induced draft fan 22, and send it into the second air pipe 13, and finally send it into the combustion chamber quickly through a high-speed air jet, thereby effectively avoiding full contact with the air sent in by the air pipe to produce cooling water.

[0167] It should also be noted that, in this article, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. Without more restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device comprising the element.

[0168] The technical solution provided by the present application is described in detail above. The principle and implementation method of the present application are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application, and the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present application, there will be different forms of changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here, and the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen combustion device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A burner shell (1), wherein a cavity (2) is formed in the burner shell (1), the burner shell (1) is connected to a boiler furnace body (3), and the cavity (2) is communicated with a furnace (4) in the boiler furnace body (3); The burner housing (1) is connected to a hydrogen main pipe (5), a flue gas main pipe (6) and an air main pipe (7), wherein the hydrogen main pipe (5) is used to transmit hydrogen into the boiler furnace body (3) through the cavity (2), the flue gas main pipe (6) is used to transmit flue gas discharged from the furnace (4) into the boiler furnace body (3) through the cavity (2), and the air main pipe (7) is used to transmit air into the boiler furnace body (3) through the cavity (2); A first combustion component and a second combustion component, wherein the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both located in the burner housing (1), and the second combustion component is concentrically arranged outside the first combustion component, and the ends of the first combustion component and the second combustion component are both facing the furnace (4); The first combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe (5) and the air main pipe (7) and is used to spray hydrogen and air into the furnace (4) to mix and form a first mixed gas; the second combustion component is connected to the hydrogen main pipe (5), the air main pipe (7) and the flue gas main pipe (6) and is used to spray hydrogen, flue gas and air into the furnace (4) to mix and form a second mixed gas; Wherein, the first combustion component comprises an ignition element (18), and the ignition element (18) is used to ignite the first mixed gas, and the ignited first mixed gas is used to ignite the second mixed gas.

2. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first combustion component comprises: a first air pipe (8), the first air pipe (8) being horizontally arranged at the center of the cavity (2), one end of the first air pipe (8) being connected to the air main pipe (7), and the other end of the first air pipe (8) passing through the cavity (2) and facing the furnace (4), the ignition element (18) being arranged in the first air pipe (8); a first hydrogen pipe (9), the first hydrogen pipe (9) being arranged at the center of the first air pipe (8), one end of the first hydrogen pipe (9) being connected to the hydrogen main pipe (5), and the other end of the first hydrogen pipe (9) passing through the first air pipe (8) and facing the furnace (4); The hydrogen sprayed from the first hydrogen pipe (9) and the air sprayed from the first air pipe (8) form a first mixed gas in the furnace (4).

3. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air pipe (8) is provided with an air nozzle (10) at the end portion facing the furnace (4), and the air nozzle (10) is provided with a plurality of spray holes (11).

4. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The afterburner assembly comprises: at least one second hydrogen pipe (12), the at least one second hydrogen pipe (12) being arranged around the first combustion component, one end of the second hydrogen pipe (12) being connected to the hydrogen main pipe (5), and the other end of the second hydrogen pipe (12) passing through the cavity (2) and facing the furnace (4); a second air pipe (13), the second air pipe (13) being arranged around the outside of the second hydrogen pipe (12), one end of the second air pipe (13) being connected to both the air main pipe (7) and the flue gas main pipe (6), and the other end of the second air pipe (13) passing through the cavity (2) and facing the furnace (4); The hydrogen ejected from the second hydrogen pipe (12) and the flue gas and air ejected from the second air pipe (13) form a second mixed gas in the furnace (4).

5. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The afterburner assembly further comprises: at least one third hydrogen pipe (14), at least one third hydrogen pipe (14) being arranged around the second air pipe (13), one end of the third hydrogen pipe (14) being connected to the hydrogen main pipe (5), and the other end of the third hydrogen pipe (14) passing through the cavity (2) and facing the furnace (4); The hydrogen sprayed out from the third hydrogen pipe (14) is used to mix with the second mixed gas and burn simultaneously after the second mixed gas is ignited.

6. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second air pipe (13) comprises: An annular smoke casing (131) and a smoke inlet pipe (132); Wherein, an annular smoke chamber is formed in the annular smoke housing (131), and the annular smoke chamber is connected to both the air main pipe (7) and the smoke main pipe (6); The flue gas inlet pipe (132) comprises a suction portion (1321), a mixing portion (1322) and a pressure diffuser (1323) which are connected to each other, and the suction portion (1321), the mixing portion (1322) and the pressure diffuser (1323) are arranged in sequence in the cavity (2) along a direction close to the furnace (4); The suction section (1321) is connected to the annular flue gas shell (131), the mixing section (1322) is used to mix the air and flue gas entering from the suction section (1321), and the diffuser section (1323) is connected to the furnace (4) to spray the mixed air and flue gas into the furnace (4).

7. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The suction portion (1321) has a first channel for air and smoke to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel gradually decreases in a direction approaching the furnace (4); The mixing section (1322) has a second channel for air and flue gas to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel remains consistent in a direction close to the furnace (4); The diffuser (1323) has a third channel for air and flue gas to pass through, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel gradually increases in a direction approaching the furnace (4).

8. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes: A hydrogen manifold (15), the hydrogen manifold (15) being arranged on a side of the burner housing (1) away from the boiler furnace body (3), the hydrogen main pipe (5) being connected to the hydrogen manifold (15), and the hydrogen main pipe (5) being in communication with both the first combustion component and the second combustion component through the hydrogen manifold (15); A main flame arrester (16) is provided at the connection between the hydrogen header (15) and the hydrogen main pipe (5) to block the entry of air.

9. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke main pipe (6) is provided with a smoke regulating valve (23).

10. A hydrogen combustion system, characterized in that: The system comprises a boiler furnace body (3) and the hydrogen combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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