Safety assessment method and system for tubular busbar structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of safety assessment of buses, and discloses a safety assessment method and system for a tubular bus structure, and the system comprises a data collection unit, a data preprocessing unit, a feature extraction unit, a safety assessment unit, and a result output unit. According to the invention, electrical, thermal, mechanical and environmental characteristics are integrated, single-factor evaluation limitation is avoided, and the safety condition is accurately mastered; abnormal data are removed through abnormal value screening and replacement, interference is reduced, and data quality is improved through standardization processing; the resistance, the power, the heat generation amount, the heat conduction rate, the thermal expansion amount, the stress and the like are accurately calculated based on various data, and a combined influence factor can be obtained, so that a basis is provided for safety assessment in various aspects; by comparing the multi-dimensional safety assessment with various safety thresholds, electrical, thermal and mechanical potential safety hazards and environmental risks can be found in time, and the overall safety state can be comprehensively assessed; the evaluation result is clearly output, and a user can intuitively know the safety condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of busbar safety assessment, and in particular to a safety assessment method and system for a tubular busbar structure. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, tubular busbars are an important conductive component and are widely used in substations, power plants and other places. Their safe and stable operation is crucial to the reliability of the entire power system. With the continuous expansion of the scale of power systems and the increasingly complex operating environment, tubular busbars face various security threats.

[0003] On the one hand, the tubular busbar carries a large operating current and voltage during operation. Fluctuations in current and voltage may cause abnormal resistance changes and power loss in the busbar, leading to electrical faults such as overheating and short circuits. These electrical problems not only affect the performance of the busbar itself, but may also damage the connected electrical equipment. In severe cases, they may even cause power outages in the power system, causing huge losses to production and life.

[0004] On the other hand, the operating state of the tubular busbar is affected by a combination of factors such as thermal, mechanical and environmental factors. From a thermal point of view, the busbar will generate heat due to the passage of current during operation, and the amount of heat generated and the conduction rate need to be maintained within a reasonable range. If the heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, the excessive temperature of the busbar will affect its material properties and structural stability. In terms of mechanics, the busbar will produce thermal expansion due to temperature changes. The amount of thermal expansion and the resulting internal stress may exceed the limit that the busbar structure can withstand, causing deformation and rupture of the busbar, and destroying its structural integrity. At the same time, environmental factors such as changes in temperature and humidity will have a combined impact on the busbar. Inappropriate environmental conditions may accelerate the aging and corrosion of the busbar, reducing the performance and life of the busbar.

[0005] However, traditional busbar safety monitoring methods often only focus on a single factor or a few factors, and lack a comprehensive and integrated assessment of the operating status of the tubular busbar. For example, judging whether the busbar is safe only by monitoring its temperature cannot fully reflect other potential problems such as electrical faults and mechanical deformation that may exist in the busbar. Moreover, there is a lack of effective preprocessing and feature extraction methods for the collected data, making it difficult to accurately obtain valuable information from complex data for safety assessment. In addition, during the assessment process, there is a lack of a scientific and reasonable comprehensive assessment mechanism, and it is impossible to comprehensively consider the impact of various factors on busbar safety, making it difficult to timely and accurately discover the safety hazards of the busbar and ensure the safe operation of the tubular busbar and even the entire power system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive and accurate tubular busbar structure safety assessment method and system. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety assessment method and system for a tubular busbar structure, which solves the technical problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure, comprising:

[0009] A data acquisition unit, used to collect relevant data related to the safety of the tubular busbar structure;

[0010] A data preprocessing unit, used for preprocessing the collected related data;

[0011] A feature extraction unit, used for extracting features from the preprocessed associated data;

[0012] A security assessment unit, used for performing security assessment based on the features extracted by the feature extraction unit;

[0013] The result output unit is used to organize and output the evaluation results of the safety evaluation unit.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the associated data includes but is not limited to the operating current data, operating voltage data, ambient temperature data, body temperature data, ambient humidity data, material characteristic parameters of the busbar, and geometric dimension data of the busbar;

[0015] The material characteristic parameters of the busbar include thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient; the geometric dimension data of the busbar include outer diameter, inner diameter and length.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: wherein, the associated data is collected by various sensors installed on the tubular busbar and its surrounding environment.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: wherein, the data preprocessing unit preprocesses the operating current data, operating voltage data, main body temperature data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data in the associated data.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the preprocessing method of the data preprocessing unit is as follows:

[0019] Step 1. Outlier screening

[0020] Step 1.1: Within a specified period, multiple data parameters of the same attribute in the associated data are defined as data sequence X0 in chronological order. j ∈{X 1，j , X 2，j , ...X n，j};

[0021] Among them, multiple data parameters of the same attribute are obtained at a specified acquisition frequency, j = 1, 2, ... m, m represents the number of different attributes;

[0022] Step 1.2, let the value of j be 1, then calculate the mean value of the data sequence X01 and mark it as XP1, then calculate the standard deviation of the data sequence X01 and mark it as XB1;

[0023] Step 1.3, let the value of j be 1, and obtain the value of each X in the data sequence X01. i，1 ;

[0024] Then |X i，1 -XP1|Compare with 3×XB1:

[0025] If |X i，1 -XP1|>3×XB1, the corresponding mark is an abnormal value; otherwise, it means that the corresponding data parameter is a normal value;

[0026] Where i = 1, 2, ... n, X i，1 Indicates the number of data parameters in the data sequence X01;

[0027] And so on, until all data parameters in data sequence X01 are compared;

[0028] Step 1.4, let the value of j be 2, 3, ..., m, and follow the method from Step 1.2 to Step 1.4 to filter out abnormal data parameters in other data sequences;

[0029] Step 2: Replace outliers

[0030] In a data sequence, if it contains an abnormal value, the acquisition node of the abnormal value is obtained, and the data parameters of the two acquisition nodes adjacent to the acquisition node are obtained;

[0031] Then, the average value between the data parameters on the two adjacent acquisition nodes is calculated and recorded as the replacement value of the abnormal value; wherein the replacement value is used to replace the corresponding abnormal value;

[0032] Similarly, update and replace the corresponding outliers in each data series;

[0033] Step 3: Data Standardization

[0034] Redefine the updated data series to Y0 j ∈{Y i，j}, and then recalculate each data sequence Y0 j The average value is marked as YPj , and recalculate the data sequence Y0 j The standard deviation of j ;

[0035] Then through Z i，j =(Y i，j -YP j ) / YB j ;

[0036] In the formula, Z i，j Represents the standardized data parameters in the corresponding data sequence, Y i，j The data parameters after normalization in the corresponding data series.

[0037] As a further solution of the present invention: the feature extraction method of the feature extraction unit is as follows:

[0038] Step T1. Electrical feature extraction

[0039] In the associated data, extract all data parameters corresponding to the operating current and operating voltage;

[0040] Then, the average value of all data parameters corresponding to the operating current is calculated and marked as L, and the average value of all data parameters corresponding to the operating voltage is calculated and marked as U;

[0041] Then, according to Ohm's law R=U / I, the resistance R of the busbar is calculated;

[0042] At the same time, the bus power P is calculated through P = UI;

[0043] Among them, the resistance and power of the busbar are electrical characteristics;

[0044] Step T2: Thermal feature extraction

[0045] First, extract the average value L of all data parameters corresponding to the operating current in Step T1 and the resistance R of the busbar;

[0046] Then, the heat generation Q of the busbar in a specified time t is calculated by Joule's law Q = L2 Rt;

[0047] At the same time, the geometric dimension data of the busbar is extracted from the associated data, and the outer diameter, inner diameter and length in the geometric dimension data are marked as Dw, Dn and C respectively;

[0048] Then calculate the surface area S of the busbar by S = π × (Dw + Dn) × C;

[0049] Extract all data parameters corresponding to the main body temperature and ambient temperature in the associated data, calculate their average values, and then mark them as T and T0 respectively;

[0050] Then the heat transfer rate q of the busbar is calculated by q=γ×(T-T0)×S;

[0051] Where γ is thermal conductivity;

[0052] Among them, the heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar are thermal characteristics;

[0053] Step T3: Mechanical feature extraction

[0054] Extract the coefficient of thermal expansion of the busbar and label it as a, and extract the length of the busbar C;

[0055] Extract the main body temperature of multiple acquisition nodes of the busbar within a specified period, then calculate the difference between the main body temperatures at each adjacent acquisition node, and then find the average value of the main body temperature difference at all adjacent acquisition nodes, and then calculate the temperature change value;

[0056] Then the thermal expansion P of the busbar is calculated by P = a × C × T1;

[0057] Where, T1 represents the temperature change value;

[0058] Then, the stress σ generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion is calculated using the material mechanics formula σ = E × a × T1;

[0059] Where, E is the elastic modulus of the busbar material;

[0060] Among them, the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are the mechanical characteristics of the busbar;

[0061] Step T4: Environmental feature extraction

[0062] Extract all data parameters corresponding to the ambient temperature and ambient humidity in the associated data, calculate their average values, and then mark them as T0 and H0 respectively;

[0063] Then, the combined influence factor F of humidity and temperature is calculated by F = H0 × (T0-Ty);

[0064] Wherein, Ty is the preset reference temperature, which is determined according to the characteristics of the busbar material;

[0065] Among them, the joint influencing factors are environmental characteristics.

[0066] As a further solution of the present invention: the safety assessment method of the safety assessment unit is as follows:

[0067] Step P1. Electrical safety assessment

[0068] The resistance and power of the busbar in the electrical characteristics are compared with the resistance threshold range [R min ,R max ] and power threshold range [P min ,P max ] for comparison:

[0069] If the resistance of the bus exceeds the resistance threshold range or the power exceeds the power threshold range, it is judged that the bus has an electrical safety hazard; otherwise, it means that the bus does not have an electrical safety hazard;

[0070] Step P2: Thermal safety assessment

[0071] The heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar in the thermal characteristics are respectively compared with the maximum allowable temperature Q in the preset thermal safety threshold. max and the heat transfer rate threshold range [q min ,q max ] for comparison:

[0072] If the heat generated by the busbar is greater than the maximum allowable temperature or the heat transfer rate exceeds the heat transfer rate threshold range [q min ,q max ], it means that the busbar has thermal safety risks, otherwise, it means that the busbar has no thermal safety risks;

[0073] Step P3: Mechanical safety assessment

[0074] The thermal expansion of the busbar in the mechanical characteristics and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are respectively compared with the maximum thermal expansion P in the preset mechanical safety threshold. max and stress threshold range [σ min ,σ max ];

[0075] If the thermal expansion of the busbar is greater than the maximum thermal expansion or the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion exceeds the stress threshold range [σ min ,σ max ], it indicates that the busbar will be damaged due to mechanical deformation, affecting its structural integrity;

[0076] Step P4: Environmental Safety Assessment

[0077] Compare the joint impact factor F obtained by extracting environmental characteristics with the preset environmental safety threshold Fy:

[0078] If the combined impact factor F> the environmental safety threshold Fy, it means that environmental factors will have an impact on bus safety;

[0079] in,

[0080] When F>2Fy, the busbar is in a high-risk environment;

[0081] When F>1.5Fy and F≤2Fy, the busbar is in a medium-risk environment;

[0082] When F>Fy and F≤1.5Fy, the environment where the busbar is located is a low-risk environment;

[0083] Step P5: Comprehensive safety assessment

[0084] The specific values ​​corresponding to all the features extracted by the feature extraction unit are marked as V k , k = 1, 2, ... g, g represents the number of all features;

[0085] Among them, the specific values ​​corresponding to each feature are the resistance and power of the busbar in the electrical feature, the heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar in the thermal feature, the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion in the mechanical feature, and the joint influencing factor in the environmental feature;

[0086] Then through Calculate the comprehensive safety assessment value ZH of the busbar;

[0087] In the formula, β k is the corresponding preset weight coefficient;

[0088] Then the busbar safety assessment comprehensive value ZH is compared with the preset safety assessment comprehensive threshold ZHy:

[0089] If the safety assessment comprehensive value is greater than the preset safety assessment comprehensive threshold, it means that the bus is in an unsafe state; otherwise, it means that the bus is in a safe state.

[0090] As a further solution of the present invention: wherein, the output content of the result output unit includes the value of each evaluation index, whether it exceeds the safety threshold and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure.

[0091] A safety assessment method for a tubular busbar structure is implemented by the safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0092] Step 1: Data Collection

[0093] Collect data related to the safety of the tubular busbar structure through various sensors installed on the tubular busbar and its surrounding environment, including but not limited to the operating current data, operating voltage data, ambient temperature data, body temperature data, ambient humidity data, material characteristic parameters of the busbar, and geometric dimension data of the busbar;

[0094] Step 2: Data preprocessing

[0095] Step 21: Outlier Screening

[0096] Within a specified period, multiple data parameters of the same attribute are defined as a data sequence in time order;

[0097] For each data series, first calculate its mean and standard deviation, then compare the absolute value of the difference between each data parameter and the mean and 3 times the standard deviation. If it is greater than that, it is marked as an outlier, otherwise it is a normal value; repeat this operation for all data series with different attributes;

[0098] Step 22: Replace outliers

[0099] If the data sequence contains an abnormal value, obtain the data parameters of the abnormal value collection node and the two adjacent collection nodes, calculate the average value of the data parameters of the two adjacent collection nodes as the replacement value of the abnormal value, and update and replace the abnormal value in each data sequence;

[0100] Step 2: Data Standardization

[0101] Redefine the updated data series, calculate its mean and standard deviation, and standardize the data parameters through the formula;

[0102] Step 3: Feature extraction

[0103] Step 31: Electrical feature extraction

[0104] Extract all data parameters of the operating current and operating voltage from the associated data, calculate the average values ​​of the operating current and operating voltage, calculate the bus resistance according to Ohm's law, and calculate the bus power according to the power formula;

[0105] Step 3.2: Thermal feature extraction

[0106] First, extract the average value of the operating current and the bus resistance, and calculate the amount of heat generated by the bus within a specified time according to Joule's law; extract the bus geometric dimension data to calculate the bus surface area; extract the body temperature and ambient temperature data to calculate the average value, and calculate the heat conduction rate of the bus according to the heat conduction formula;

[0107] Step 3: Mechanical feature extraction

[0108] The thermal expansion coefficient and length of the busbar are extracted, the average temperature difference of the adjacent acquisition nodes within the specified period is calculated as the temperature change value, and the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are calculated according to the formula;

[0109] Step 34: Environmental feature extraction

[0110] Extract the ambient temperature and ambient humidity data to calculate the average value, and calculate the joint impact factor of humidity and temperature according to the formula;

[0111] Step 4: Security Assessment

[0112] Step 41: Electrical Safety Assessment

[0113] Compare the bus resistance and power with the resistance threshold range and power threshold range in the preset electrical safety threshold respectively to determine whether there is an electrical safety hazard in the bus;

[0114] Step 42: Thermal Safety Assessment

[0115] Compare the heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar with the maximum allowable temperature and heat conduction rate threshold range in the preset thermal safety threshold to determine whether there is a thermal safety risk for the busbar;

[0116] Step 43: Mechanical Safety Assessment

[0117] Compare the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to the thermal expansion with the maximum thermal expansion and stress threshold range in the preset mechanical safety threshold to determine whether the busbar will be damaged due to mechanical deformation;

[0118] Step 4. Environmental Safety Assessment

[0119] Compare the combined impact factor with the preset environmental safety threshold to determine the impact of environmental factors on bus safety;

[0120] Step 4.5: Comprehensive safety assessment

[0121] The specific values ​​corresponding to all the features are multiplied by the preset weight coefficients and then summed to obtain the comprehensive safety assessment value of the busbar, which is then compared with the preset comprehensive safety assessment threshold to determine whether the busbar is in a safe state;

[0122] Step 5: Result output

[0123] The output includes the values ​​of each evaluation indicator, whether it exceeds the safety threshold, and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure.

[0124] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0125] Comprehensive safety assessment: Comprehensively consider multiple factors to assess the safety of the tubular busbar structure. Covering electrical characteristics, thermal characteristics, mechanical characteristics and environmental characteristics, the operation status of the busbar at different physical levels is comprehensively analyzed, avoiding the limitations of single factor assessment, so as to more accurately grasp the safety status of the busbar.

[0126] Data processing improves evaluation accuracy: Through outlier screening and replacement steps, abnormal data points in the collected data are effectively removed. Within a specified period, outliers are accurately identified based on the mean and standard deviation of the data series, and the average values ​​of the data parameters of adjacent collection nodes are used to replace the outliers, reducing the interference of abnormal data on subsequent evaluations and making the evaluation data more reliable. The updated data series is standardized, the mean and standard deviation are recalculated, and the data is converted into a form that is more conducive to analysis, which further improves the evaluation accuracy and ensures the consistency and effectiveness of different attribute data in the evaluation process.

[0127] Refined feature extraction: Based on the operating current and voltage data, the bus resistance and power are accurately calculated. According to Ohm's law and power calculation formula, the electrical operation status of the bus can be effectively reflected, providing a key basis for electrical safety assessment. Combined with current, resistance, geometric dimensions, body temperature and ambient temperature and other data, the heat generation and heat conduction rate are calculated. Through Joule's law and heat conduction formula, the thermal performance of the bus is comprehensively considered, which is helpful for in-depth analysis of the thermal stability of the bus. Considering the thermal expansion coefficient, length and temperature change of the bus, the thermal expansion and internal stress are calculated. Using the material mechanics formula, the mechanical properties of the bus under temperature changes are accurately evaluated, which is of great significance for judging the stability of the bus structure. Extracting ambient temperature and humidity data and calculating the joint influencing factors can reflect the comprehensive effect of environmental factors on bus performance and play a key role in environmental safety assessment.

[0128] Multi-dimensional safety assessment: By comparing the bus resistance and power with the preset electrical safety threshold, electrical safety hazards can be discovered in time to ensure the safe electrical operation of the bus. By comparing the heat generation and heat conduction rate with the corresponding thermal safety threshold, it is possible to effectively determine whether the bus has thermal safety risks and avoid failures caused by overheating and other problems. By comparing the thermal expansion of the bus and the stress caused by thermal expansion with the mechanical safety threshold, the possibility of damage to the bus due to mechanical deformation can be discovered in advance to maintain the structural integrity of the bus. Based on the comparison of the joint influencing factors and the environmental safety threshold, as well as the setting of different threshold ranges, the risk level of the bus environment can be accurately determined, so that targeted protective measures can be taken. Taking all characteristic values ​​into consideration, and combining the preset weight coefficients to calculate the comprehensive safety assessment value, and comparing it with the comprehensive threshold, it is possible to determine whether the bus is in a safe state as a whole, providing a comprehensive perspective for the comprehensive assessment of bus safety.

[0129] Clearly output evaluation results: The result output unit can output the value of each evaluation indicator, whether it exceeds the safety threshold, and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure, so that users can clearly and intuitively understand the safety status of the busbar and make timely decisions on maintenance and adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0130] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0131] Figure 1 The present invention is a system block diagram of a safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure.

[0132] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of a safety assessment method for a tubular busbar structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0133] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0134] Embodiment 1

[0135] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure, comprising:

[0136] A data acquisition unit, used to collect relevant data related to the safety of the tubular busbar structure;

[0137] The associated data include but are not limited to the operating current data, operating voltage data, ambient temperature data, body temperature data, ambient humidity data, material characteristic parameters of the busbar, and geometric dimension data of the busbar;

[0138] The material characteristic parameters of the busbar include thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient; the geometric dimension data of the busbar include outer diameter, inner diameter and length;

[0139] Among them, the associated data is collected through various sensors installed on the tubular busbar and its surrounding environment;

[0140] For example, the current sensor is used to measure the operating current of the bus, the voltage sensor is used to measure the operating voltage of the bus, the temperature sensor is used to measure the ambient temperature and body temperature of the bus, and the humidity sensor is used to measure the ambient humidity of the bus;

[0141] A feature extraction unit, used for extracting features from associated data;

[0142] The feature extraction method is as follows:

[0143] Step T1. Electrical feature extraction

[0144] In the associated data, extract all data parameters corresponding to the operating current and operating voltage;

[0145] Then, the average value of all data parameters corresponding to the operating current is calculated and marked as L, and the average value of all data parameters corresponding to the operating voltage is calculated and marked as U;

[0146] Then, according to Ohm's law R=U / I, the resistance R of the busbar is calculated;

[0147] At the same time, the bus power P is calculated through P = UI;

[0148] In this embodiment, the resistance and power of the busbar are both electrical characteristics, which reflect the electrical operating state of the busbar;

[0149] Step T2: Thermal feature extraction

[0150] First, extract the average value L of all data parameters corresponding to the operating current in Step T1 and the resistance R of the busbar;

[0151] Then, the heat generation Q of the busbar in a specified time t is calculated by Joule's law Q = L2 Rt;

[0152] At the same time, the geometric dimension data of the busbar is extracted from the associated data, and the outer diameter, inner diameter and length in the geometric dimension data are marked as Dw, Dn and C respectively;

[0153] Then calculate the surface area S of the busbar by S = π × (Dw + Dn) × C;

[0154] Extract all data parameters corresponding to the main body temperature and ambient temperature in the associated data, calculate their average values, and then mark them as T and T0 respectively;

[0155] Then the heat transfer rate q of the busbar is calculated by q=γ×(T-T0)×S;

[0156] Where γ is thermal conductivity;

[0157] In this embodiment, the heat generation and heat transfer rate of the busbar are thermal characteristics, which reflect the thermal stability of the busbar;

[0158] Step T3: Mechanical feature extraction

[0159] Extract the coefficient of thermal expansion of the busbar and label it as a, and extract the length of the busbar C;

[0160] Extract the main body temperature of multiple acquisition nodes of the busbar within a specified period, then calculate the difference between the main body temperatures at each adjacent acquisition node, and then find the average value of the main body temperature difference at all adjacent acquisition nodes, and then calculate the temperature change value;

[0161] Then, the thermal expansion amount P of the busbar is calculated through P = a×C×T1;

[0162] In the formula, T1 represents the temperature change value;

[0163] After that, the stress σ generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion is calculated through the formula of mechanics of materials σ = E×a×T1;

[0164] where E is the elastic modulus of the busbar material;

[0165] In this embodiment, the thermal expansion amount of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are the mechanical characteristics of the busbar, which are used to evaluate the stability of the busbar structure;

[0166] StepT4. Environmental feature extraction

[0167] Extract the environmental temperature and environmental humidity corresponding to all data parameters in the associated data, calculate their average values, and then mark them as T0 and H0 respectively;

[0168] Then, the combined influence factor F of humidity and temperature is calculated through F = H0×(T0 - Ty);

[0169] In the formula, Ty is the preset reference temperature, which is determined according to the characteristics of the busbar material;

[0170] In this embodiment, the combined influence factor is an environmental feature, which is used to reflect the comprehensive effect of environmental factors on the performance of the busbar;

[0171] The safety assessment unit is used to perform safety assessment based on the features extracted by the feature extraction unit;

[0172] The specific method is as follows:

[0173] StepP1. Electrical safety assessment

[0174] Compare the resistance and power of the busbar in the electrical characteristics with the resistance threshold range [R min , R max and the power threshold range [P min , P max in the preset electrical safety thresholds respectively:

[0175] If the resistance of the busbar exceeds the resistance threshold range or the power exceeds the power threshold range, it is determined that there is an electrical safety hazard in the busbar; otherwise, it means that there is no electrical safety hazard in the busbar;

[0176] For example, if R < Rmin or R > Rmax, it means that the resistance of the busbar is abnormal, and there may be problems such as short circuit or poor contact;

[0177] StepP2. Thermal safety assessment

[0178] The heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar in the thermal characteristics are respectively compared with the maximum allowable temperature Q in the preset thermal safety threshold. max and the heat transfer rate threshold range [q min ,q max ] for comparison:

[0179] If the heat generated by the busbar is greater than the maximum allowable temperature or the heat transfer rate exceeds the heat transfer rate threshold range [q min ,q max ], it means that the busbar has a thermal safety risk. In this embodiment, it will cause insulation damage and other problems due to overheating; otherwise, it means that the busbar does not have a thermal safety risk;

[0180] Step P3: Mechanical safety assessment

[0181] The thermal expansion of the busbar in the mechanical characteristics and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are respectively compared with the maximum thermal expansion P in the preset mechanical safety threshold. max and stress threshold range [σ min ,σ max ];

[0182] If the thermal expansion of the busbar is greater than the maximum thermal expansion or the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion exceeds the stress threshold range [σ min ,σ max ], it indicates that the busbar will be damaged due to mechanical deformation, affecting its structural integrity;

[0183] Step P4: Environmental Safety Assessment

[0184] Compare the joint impact factor F obtained by extracting environmental characteristics with the preset environmental safety threshold Fy:

[0185] If the combined impact factor F> the environmental safety threshold Fy, it means that environmental factors will have an impact on bus safety;

[0186] in,

[0187] When F>2Fy, the busbar is in a high-risk environment;

[0188] When F>1.5Fy and F≤2Fy, the busbar is in a medium-risk environment;

[0189] When F>Fy and F≤1.5Fy, the environment where the busbar is located is a low-risk environment;

[0190] A result output unit, used to organize and output the evaluation results of the safety evaluation unit;

[0191] The output includes the values ​​of each evaluation index, whether it exceeds the safety threshold, and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure;

[0192] In this embodiment, the feature extraction unit extracts multi-dimensional features from the associated data of the tubular busbar, including electrical features, thermal features, mechanical features and environmental features; these features can fully reflect the operating status and performance of the busbar at different physical levels, and provide a rich and targeted data basis for subsequent safety assessment. The safety assessment unit compares the extracted features with the respective preset safety thresholds to accurately determine whether the busbar has safety hazards in electrical, thermal, mechanical and environmental aspects. For example, the electrical safety assessment can promptly detect short circuits or poor contact problems that may be caused by abnormal resistance or power; the thermal safety assessment can prevent insulation damage caused by overheating; the mechanical safety assessment can avoid damage to the busbar structure due to thermal expansion and deformation; the environmental safety assessment can determine the degree of influence of environmental factors on the safety of the busbar, thereby providing strong support for ensuring the safe operation of the busbar. The result output unit organizes and outputs the safety assessment results, including the values ​​of each evaluation indicator, whether it exceeds the safety threshold, and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure. This enables the operation and maintenance personnel to intuitively understand the safety status of the busbar, so as to facilitate timely adoption of corresponding maintenance measures.

[0193] Embodiment 2

[0194] As the second embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is implemented, compared with the first embodiment, the technical solution of the present embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment only in that the present embodiment further includes:

[0195] A data preprocessing unit, used for preprocessing the collected related data;

[0196] In this embodiment, the data preprocessing unit preprocesses the operating current data, operating voltage data, body temperature data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data in the associated data;

[0197] The preprocessing method is as follows:

[0198] Step 1. Outlier screening

[0199] Step 1.1: Within a specified period, multiple data parameters of the same attribute in the associated data are defined as data sequence X0 in chronological order. j ∈{X 1，j , X 2，j , ...X n，j};

[0200] Among them, multiple data parameters of the same attribute are obtained at a specified acquisition frequency, j = 1, 2, ... m, m represents the number of different attributes;

[0201] Step 1.2, let the value of j be 1, then calculate the mean value of the data sequence X01 and mark it as XP1, then calculate the standard deviation of the data sequence X01 and mark it as XB1;

[0202] Step 1.3, let the value of j be 1, and obtain the value of each X in the data sequence X01. i，1 ;

[0203] Then |X i，1 -XP1|Compare with 3×XB1:

[0204] If |X i，1 -XP1|>3×XB1, the corresponding mark is an abnormal value; otherwise, it means that the corresponding data parameter is a normal value;

[0205] Where i = 1, 2, ... n, X i，1 Indicates the number of data parameters in the data sequence X01;

[0206] And so on, until all data parameters in data sequence X01 are compared;

[0207] Step 1.4, let the value of j be 2, 3, ..., m, and follow the method from Step 1.2 to Step 1.4 to filter out abnormal data parameters in other data sequences;

[0208] Step 2: Replace outliers

[0209] In a data sequence, if it contains an abnormal value, the acquisition node of the abnormal value is obtained, and the data parameters of the two acquisition nodes adjacent to the acquisition node are obtained;

[0210] Then, the average value between the data parameters on the two adjacent acquisition nodes is calculated and recorded as the replacement value of the abnormal value; wherein the replacement value is used to replace the corresponding abnormal value;

[0211] Similarly, update and replace the corresponding outliers in each data series;

[0212] Step 3: Data Standardization

[0213] Redefine the updated data series to Y0 j ∈{Y i，j}, and then recalculate each data sequence Y0 j The average value is marked as YP j , and recalculate the data sequence Y0 j The standard deviation of j ;

[0214] Then through Z i，j =(Y i，j -YP j ) / YB j ;

[0215] In the formula, Z i，j Represents the standardized data parameters in the corresponding data sequence, Y i，j The data parameters after normalization in the corresponding data series.

[0216] In this embodiment, the data preprocessing unit preprocesses the operating current, operating voltage, body temperature, ambient temperature and ambient humidity data. Through operations such as outlier screening, replacement and standardization, outliers in the data can be effectively removed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data. This helps to make the subsequent feature extraction and safety assessment process more accurate and reduce misjudgments caused by abnormal data. The high-quality data after preprocessing makes the entire safety assessment system more resistant to noise and interference in the data, improves the stability and robustness of the system in complex environments, and further ensures the effectiveness of the assessment results.

[0217] Embodiment 3

[0218] As the third embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is specifically implemented, compared with the first and second embodiments, the technical solution of this embodiment is to combine the solutions of the first and second embodiments, and the difference between the technical solution of this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that in this embodiment, the security assessment unit is also used to perform a comprehensive security assessment based on all the features extracted by the feature extraction unit;

[0219] The comprehensive safety assessment method is as follows:

[0220] The specific values ​​corresponding to all the features extracted by the feature extraction unit are marked as V k , k = 1, 2, ... g, g represents the number of all features;

[0221] In this embodiment, the specific values ​​corresponding to the various characteristics are the resistance and power of the busbar in the electrical characteristics, the heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar in the thermal characteristics, the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to the thermal expansion in the mechanical characteristics, and the joint influencing factor in the environmental characteristics.

[0222] Then through Calculate the comprehensive safety assessment value ZH of the busbar;

[0223] In the formula, β k is the corresponding preset weight coefficient;

[0224] Then the busbar safety assessment comprehensive value ZH is compared with the preset safety assessment comprehensive threshold ZHy:

[0225] If the safety assessment comprehensive value is greater than the preset safety assessment comprehensive threshold, it means that the bus is in an unsafe state; otherwise, it means that the bus is in a safe state.

[0226] In this embodiment, the safety assessment unit adds a comprehensive safety assessment function, which comprehensively considers all extracted features, calculates the comprehensive safety assessment value through a preset weight coefficient, and compares it with the comprehensive threshold to determine the overall safety status of the bus. This comprehensive assessment method avoids the limitations of single-factor assessment, reflects the actual safety status of the bus more comprehensively and accurately, and helps to formulate maintenance and management strategies more scientifically. Comprehensive consideration of the impact of various features on bus safety makes the judgment of the bus safety status more in line with actual operating conditions. It can promptly discover situations where multiple factors may pose a potential threat to bus safety even though they do not exceed the threshold in a single feature assessment, thereby improving the safety and reliability of bus operation.

[0227] Embodiment 4

[0228] As the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is specifically implemented, compared with the first, second and third embodiments, the technical solution of this embodiment is to combine and implement the solutions of the above-mentioned first, second, third and fourth embodiments.

[0229] This embodiment combines the solutions of embodiments one, two, and three, giving full play to the advantages of each embodiment. It includes comprehensive feature extraction, data preprocessing to improve data quality, and comprehensive safety assessment, realizing a complete, efficient, and accurate process from data collection to safety assessment, and ensuring the safe operation of the tubular bus structure to the greatest extent. This combination solution can comprehensively deal with the electrical, thermal, mechanical, and environmental safety issues that the bus may face during operation. Whether it is a data quality issue or a safety hazard under the combined effect of multiple factors, it can be effectively detected and evaluated, providing a comprehensive and reliable safety guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the bus.

[0230] See also Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a safety assessment method for a tubular busbar structure, which is implemented by the safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0231] Step 1: Data Collection

[0232] Collect data related to the safety of the tubular busbar structure through various sensors installed on the tubular busbar and its surrounding environment, including but not limited to the operating current data, operating voltage data, ambient temperature data, body temperature data, ambient humidity data, material characteristic parameters of the busbar, and geometric dimension data of the busbar;

[0233] Step 2: Data preprocessing

[0234] Step 21: Outlier Screening

[0235] Within a specified period, multiple data parameters of the same attribute are defined as a data sequence in time order;

[0236] For each data series, first calculate its mean and standard deviation, then compare the absolute value of the difference between each data parameter and the mean and 3 times the standard deviation. If it is greater than that, it is marked as an outlier, otherwise it is a normal value; repeat this operation for all data series with different attributes;

[0237] Step 22: Replace outliers

[0238] If the data sequence contains an abnormal value, obtain the data parameters of the abnormal value collection node and the two adjacent collection nodes, calculate the average value of the data parameters of the two adjacent collection nodes as the replacement value of the abnormal value, and update and replace the abnormal value in each data sequence;

[0239] Step 2: Data Standardization

[0240] Redefine the updated data series, calculate its mean and standard deviation, and standardize the data parameters through the formula;

[0241] Step 3: Feature extraction

[0242] Step 31: Electrical feature extraction

[0243] Extract all data parameters of the operating current and operating voltage from the associated data, calculate the average values ​​of the operating current and operating voltage, calculate the bus resistance according to Ohm's law, and calculate the bus power according to the power formula;

[0244] Step 3.2: Thermal feature extraction

[0245] First, extract the average value of the operating current and the bus resistance, and calculate the amount of heat generated by the bus within a specified time according to Joule's law; extract the bus geometric dimension data to calculate the bus surface area; extract the body temperature and ambient temperature data to calculate the average value, and calculate the heat conduction rate of the bus according to the heat conduction formula;

[0246] Step 3: Mechanical feature extraction

[0247] The thermal expansion coefficient and length of the busbar are extracted, the average temperature difference of the adjacent acquisition nodes within the specified period is calculated as the temperature change value, and the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are calculated according to the formula;

[0248] Step 34: Environmental feature extraction

[0249] Extract the ambient temperature and ambient humidity data to calculate the average value, and calculate the joint impact factor of humidity and temperature according to the formula;

[0250] Step 4: Security Assessment

[0251] Step 41: Electrical Safety Assessment

[0252] Compare the bus resistance and power with the resistance threshold range and power threshold range in the preset electrical safety threshold respectively to determine whether there is an electrical safety hazard in the bus;

[0253] Step 42: Thermal Safety Assessment

[0254] Compare the heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar with the maximum allowable temperature and heat conduction rate threshold range in the preset thermal safety threshold to determine whether there is a thermal safety risk for the busbar;

[0255] Step 43: Mechanical Safety Assessment

[0256] Compare the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to the thermal expansion with the maximum thermal expansion and stress threshold range in the preset mechanical safety threshold to determine whether the busbar will be damaged due to mechanical deformation;

[0257] Step 4. Environmental Safety Assessment

[0258] Compare the combined impact factor with the preset environmental safety threshold to determine the impact of environmental factors on bus safety;

[0259] Step 4.5: Comprehensive safety assessment

[0260] The specific values ​​corresponding to all the features are multiplied by the preset weight coefficients and then summed to obtain the comprehensive safety assessment value of the busbar, which is then compared with the preset comprehensive safety assessment threshold to determine whether the busbar is in a safe state;

[0261] Step 5: Result output

[0262] The output includes the values ​​of each evaluation indicator, whether it exceeds the safety threshold, and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure.

[0263] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0264] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition unit, used to collect relevant data related to the safety of the tubular busbar structure; A data preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the collected related data, filter out abnormal values ​​in the related data and replace them through preprocessing, and obtain standardized related data; A feature extraction unit is used to extract features from the preprocessed associated data, and extract electrical features including resistance and power of the busbar, thermal features including heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar, mechanical features including thermal expansion of the busbar and stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion, and environmental features of joint influencing factors; A safety assessment unit is used to perform safety assessment based on the features extracted by the feature extraction unit, and determine whether there are safety hazards in the busbar according to the assessment results; The result output unit is used to organize and output the evaluation results of the safety evaluation unit.

2. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preprocessing method of the data preprocessing unit is as follows: Step 1. Outlier screening Step 1.1: Within a specified period, multiple data parameters of the same attribute in the associated data are defined as data sequence X0 in chronological order. j ∈{X 1，j , X 2，j , ...X n，j }; Among them, multiple data parameters of the same attribute are obtained at a specified acquisition frequency, j = 1, 2, ... m, m represents the number of different attributes; Step 1.2, let the value of j be 1, then calculate the mean value of the data sequence X01 and mark it as XP1, then calculate the standard deviation of the data sequence X01 and mark it as XB1; Step 1.3, let the value of j be 1, and obtain the value of each X in the data sequence X01. i，1 ; Then |X i，1 -XP1|Compare with 3×XB1: If |X i，1 -XP1|>3×XB1, the corresponding mark is an abnormal value; otherwise, it means that the corresponding data parameter is a normal value; Where i = 1, 2, ... n, X i，1 Indicates the number of data parameters in the data sequence X01; And so on, until all data parameters in data sequence X01 are compared; Step 1.4, let the value of j be 2, 3, ..., m, and follow the method from Step 1.2 to Step 1.4 to filter out abnormal data parameters in other data sequences; Step 2: Replace outliers In a data sequence, if it contains an abnormal value, the acquisition node of the abnormal value is obtained, and the data parameters of the two acquisition nodes adjacent to the acquisition node are obtained; Then, the average value between the data parameters on the two adjacent acquisition nodes is calculated and recorded as the replacement value of the abnormal value; wherein the replacement value is used to replace the corresponding abnormal value; Similarly, update and replace the corresponding outliers in each data series; Step 3: Data Standardization Redefine the updated data series to Y0 j ∈{Y i，j }, and then recalculate each data sequence Y0 j The average value is marked as YP j , and recalculate the data sequence Y0 j The standard deviation of j ; Then through Z i，j =(Y i，j -YP j ) / YB j ; In the formula, Z i，j Represents the standardized data parameters in the corresponding data sequence, Y i，j The data parameters after normalization in the corresponding data series.

3. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feature extraction method of the feature extraction unit is as follows: Step T1. Electrical feature extraction In the associated data, extract all data parameters corresponding to the operating current and operating voltage; Then, the average value of all data parameters corresponding to the operating current is calculated and marked as L, and the average value of all data parameters corresponding to the operating voltage is calculated and marked as U; Then, according to Ohm's law R=U / I, the resistance R of the busbar is calculated; At the same time, the bus power P is calculated through P = UI; Step T2: Thermal feature extraction First, extract the average value L of all data parameters corresponding to the operating current in Step T1 and the resistance R of the busbar; Then, the heat generation Q of the busbar in a specified time t is calculated by Joule's law Q = L2 Rt; At the same time, the geometric dimension data of the busbar is extracted from the associated data, and the outer diameter, inner diameter and length in the geometric dimension data are marked as Dw, Dn and C respectively; Then calculate the surface area S of the busbar by S = π × (Dw + Dn) × C; Extract all data parameters corresponding to the main body temperature and ambient temperature in the associated data, calculate their average values, and then mark them as T and T0 respectively; Then the heat transfer rate q of the busbar is calculated by q=γ×(T-T0)×S; Where γ is thermal conductivity; Step T3: Mechanical feature extraction Extract the coefficient of thermal expansion of the busbar and label it as a, and extract the length of the busbar C; Extract the main body temperature of multiple acquisition nodes of the busbar within a specified period, then calculate the difference between the main body temperatures at each adjacent acquisition node, and then find the average value of the main body temperature difference at all adjacent acquisition nodes, and then calculate the temperature change value; Then the thermal expansion P of the busbar is calculated by P = a × C × T1; In the formula, T1 represents the temperature change value; Then, the stress σ generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion is calculated using the material mechanics formula σ = E × a × T1; Where, E is the elastic modulus of the busbar material; Step T4: Environmental feature extraction Extract all data parameters corresponding to the ambient temperature and ambient humidity in the associated data, calculate their average values, and then mark them as T0 and H0 respectively; Then, the combined influence factor F of humidity and temperature is calculated by F = H0 × (T0-Ty); Wherein, Ty is a preset reference temperature, which is determined according to the characteristics of the busbar material.

4. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The safety assessment unit's safety assessment method is as follows: Step P1. Electrical safety assessment The resistance and power of the busbar in the electrical characteristics are compared with the resistance threshold range [R min ,R max ] and power threshold range [P min ,P max ] for comparison: If the resistance of the bus exceeds the resistance threshold range or the power exceeds the power threshold range, it is judged that the bus has an electrical safety hazard; otherwise, it means that the bus does not have an electrical safety hazard; Step P2: Thermal safety assessment The heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar in the thermal characteristics are respectively compared with the maximum allowable temperature Q in the preset thermal safety threshold. max and the heat transfer rate threshold range [q min ,q max ] for comparison: If the heat generated by the busbar is greater than the maximum allowable temperature or the heat transfer rate exceeds the heat transfer rate threshold range [q min ,q max ], it means that the busbar has thermal safety risks, otherwise, it means that the busbar has no thermal safety risks; Step P3: Mechanical safety assessment The thermal expansion of the busbar in the mechanical characteristics and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion are respectively compared with the maximum thermal expansion P in the preset mechanical safety threshold. max and stress threshold range [σ min ,σ max ]; If the thermal expansion of the busbar is greater than the maximum thermal expansion or the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion exceeds the stress threshold range [σ min ,σ max ], it indicates that the busbar will be damaged due to mechanical deformation, affecting its structural integrity; Step P4: Environmental Safety Assessment Compare the joint impact factor F obtained by extracting environmental characteristics with the preset environmental safety threshold Fy: If the combined influencing factor F> the environmental safety threshold Fy, it means that environmental factors will have an impact on bus safety.

5. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In StepP4, When F>2Fy, the busbar is in a high-risk environment; When F>1.5Fy and F≤2Fy, the busbar is in a medium-risk environment; When F>Fy and F≤1.5Fy, the environment where the bus is located is a low-risk environment.

6. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The security assessment unit also performs a comprehensive security assessment based on all the features extracted by the feature extraction unit, in the following manner: The specific values ​​corresponding to all the features extracted by the feature extraction unit are marked as V k , k = 1, 2, ... g, g represents the number of all features; Among them, the specific value V corresponding to each feature k They are the resistance and power of the busbar in electrical characteristics, the heat generation and heat conduction rate of the busbar in thermal characteristics, the thermal expansion of the busbar and the stress generated inside the busbar due to thermal expansion in mechanical characteristics, and the joint influencing factors in environmental characteristics; Then through Calculate the comprehensive safety assessment value ZH of the busbar; In the formula, β k is the corresponding preset weight coefficient; Then the busbar safety assessment comprehensive value ZH is compared with the preset safety assessment comprehensive threshold ZHy: If the safety assessment comprehensive value is greater than the preset safety assessment comprehensive threshold, it means that the bus is in an unsafe state; otherwise, it means that the bus is in a safe state.

7. The safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The associated data includes but is not limited to the operating current data, operating voltage data, ambient temperature data, body temperature data, ambient humidity data, material characteristic parameters of the busbar, and geometric dimension data of the busbar; the material characteristic parameters of the busbar include thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient; the geometric dimension data of the busbar include outer diameter, inner diameter, and length.

8. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, The data preprocessing unit preprocesses the operating current data, operating voltage data, body temperature data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data in the associated data.

9. A safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output content of the result output unit includes the value of each evaluation index, whether it exceeds the safety threshold and the overall evaluation of the safety status of the tubular busbar structure.

10. A safety assessment method for a tubular busbar structure, characterized in that: The method is implemented by a safety assessment system for a tubular busbar structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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