A special-shaped block for the medial side of the proximal tibia

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention relates to a proximal medial tibial special-shaped block, which is a plate-like structure and specifically includes: a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, which are connected to each other: the inner surface of the first fixing portion is an arc-shaped surface; the first fixing portion includes: a front top locking screw hole, which is located at the front side of the top of the first fixing portion; a middle top locking screw hole, which is located at the middle position of the top of the first fixing portion; a rear top locking screw hole, which is located at the rear side of the top of the first fixing portion; a lower locking screw hole, which is located at the lower part of the first fixing portion; the second fixing portion includes: a fixing screw hole, which is located on the surface of the second fixing portion; a front connecting circular hole, which is located at the front side of the side of the second fixing portion; and a rear connecting circular hole, which is located at the rear side of the side of the second fixing portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, and in particular to a special-shaped block on the inner side of the proximal end of the tibia. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the fixation plates used to treat tibial fractures are mostly T-shaped plates. When used, the T-shaped plates are locked and fixed to the affected part with a plurality of bone screws.

[0003] Tibial fracture is one type of fracture, especially for severe comminuted fractures. During the tibia surgical repair process, a metal fixation plate needs to be implanted to fix the tibia. The existing fixation plates are composed of multiple pieces, each of which has a hole for bolt fixation. The shape of the fixation plates is also produced in advance, but the shape of the tibia of patients is different and the degree of injury is also inconsistent. When using the existing fixation plates to fix the tibia, it is inevitable that the fit is poor. When multiple fixation plates are used for fixation, the difficulty of the operation is increased and the operation time is prolonged. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a proximal medial tibia special-shaped block, which is lightweight and one-piece, and forms an overall stable frame structure with mounting components or related products to achieve multi-point fixation and spherical contact, thereby achieving the purpose of easy attachment and fixation.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a proximal medial tibial special-shaped block, wherein the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block is a plate-like structure, and the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block specifically comprises: a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, wherein the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are connected:

[0006] The inner surface of the first fixing part is an arcuate surface, which matches the curved surface of the upper end of the inner side of the tibia and is used to be fixed to the inner side of the tibia; the first fixing part includes:

[0007] The front top locking screw hole is located at the top front side of the first fixing portion. When the first locking screw passes through the front top locking screw hole, the first upper screw connection portion of the first locking screw is screwed with the front top locking screw hole. The vertical inclination angle of the normal to the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a first vertical inclination angle; the horizontal inclination angle of the normal to the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a first horizontal inclination angle.

[0008] a middle top locking screw hole, located at the middle position of the top of the first fixing portion; when the second locking screw passes through the middle top locking screw hole, the second upper screw connection portion of the second locking screw is screwed with the middle top locking screw hole; a vertical inclination angle between the second locking screw and the normal to the plane where the second fixing portion is located is a second vertical inclination angle; a horizontal inclination angle between the second locking screw and the normal to the plane where the second fixing portion is located is a second horizontal inclination angle;

[0009] The rear top locking screw hole is located at the top rear side of the first fixing part. When the third locking screw passes through the rear top locking screw hole, the third upper screw connection part of the third locking screw is screwed with the rear top locking screw hole. The vertical inclination angle of the normal of the third locking screw and the plane where the second fixing part is located is a third vertical inclination angle; the horizontal inclination angle of the normal of the first locking screw and the plane where the second fixing part is located is a third horizontal inclination angle; the third vertical inclination angle is equal to the second vertical inclination angle;

[0010] A lower locking screw hole, located at the lower part of the first fixing part;

[0011] The second fixing portion includes:

[0012] A fixing screw hole, located on the surface of the second fixing portion;

[0013] A front connecting circular hole is located at the front side of the side surface of the second fixing portion, and the aperture of the front connecting circular hole is a first aperture;

[0014] A rear connecting circular hole is located at the rear side of the side surface of the second fixing portion, and the aperture of the rear connecting circular hole is the second aperture;

[0015] The first connecting rod is inserted into the front connecting circular hole, and the second connecting rod is inserted into the rear connecting circular hole. When the fourth locking screw passes through the fixing screw hole, the fourth upper threaded portion of the fourth locking screw is threadedly connected to the fixing screw hole, thereby squeezing the front connecting circular hole and the rear connecting circular hole to fix the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to the second fixing portion.

[0016] Preferably, the first vertical inclination angle ranges from 3 to 6°, the second vertical inclination angle ranges from 2 to 5°, and the third vertical inclination angle ranges from 2 to 5°.

[0017] Preferably, the first horizontal inclination angle ranges from 6 to 9°, the second horizontal inclination angle ranges from 6 to 9°, and the third horizontal inclination angle ranges from 8 to 11°.

[0018] Preferably, the second horizontal inclination angle is equal to the first horizontal inclination angle.

[0019] Preferably, the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the top of the first fixing portion is R1, and the value range of R1 is 28 to 33 mm;

[0020] The curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing portion between the top locking screw hole and the lower locking screw hole is R2, and the value range of R2 is 75 to 80 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the first fixing portion further includes a positioning hole;

[0022] The positioning hole is used for temporarily fixing the proximal medial tibial proximal end irregular-shaped block during surgery.

[0023] Preferably, the first aperture of the front connecting circular hole and the second aperture of the rear connecting circular hole are equal or different.

[0024] The embodiment of the present invention provides a proximal medial tibia special-shaped block, which is light in design and has a plate-like structure, improves the stability of the fixed structure, realizes multi-point fixation and spherical contact, is easy to attach and fix, and shortens the recovery time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A top view of the proximal medial tibial shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A side view of the proximal medial tibial shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention (I);

[0027] Figure 3 A side view of the proximal medial tibial shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention (II);

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view of the AA section;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the middle BB section;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the CC section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] An embodiment of the present invention provides a proximal medial tibial special-shaped block, which is used for fixing the fracture site in tibial fracture surgery.

[0033] Figure 1A top view of the proximal medial tibial shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A side view of a shaped block on the inner side of the proximal tibia provided by an embodiment of the present invention (a); Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block of the embodiment of the present invention is a plate-like structure, specifically comprising: a first fixing portion 51 and a second fixing portion 52 .

[0034] The first fixing portion 51 and the second fixing portion 52 are connected and are integrally formed.

[0035] Preferably, in the present embodiment, the plane where the second fixing portion 52 is located is set as the first plane, the plane parallel to the horizontal direction of the normal to the first plane is set as the second plane, and the plane parallel to the vertical direction of the normal to the first plane is set as the third plane; in the present embodiment, the vertical inclination angle between the locking screw and the normal to the plane where the second fixing portion 52 is located is the vertical inclination angle, and the vertical inclination angle is the angle between the locking screw and the third plane; similarly, the horizontal inclination angle between the locking screw and the normal to the plane where the second fixing portion 52 is located is the horizontal inclination angle, and the horizontal inclination angle is the angle between the locking screw and the second plane; the side of the first fixing portion 51 parallel to the short side of the proximal medial shaped block of the tibia is defined as the front side of the proximal medial shaped block of the tibia, extending from the long side to the short side, and the end side of the short side of the first fixing portion 51 is defined as the rear side of the proximal medial shaped block of the tibia.

[0036] The outer surface of the first fixing part 51 is an arc-shaped surface with a certain curvature, and a plurality of locking screw holes and circular holes are arranged on the arc-shaped surface along the short side direction of the first fixing part 51. The inner surface of the first fixing part 51 is an arc-shaped surface, which is adapted to the curved surface of the upper end of the inner side of the tibia. The first fixing part 51 is fixed to the bone surface of the inner side of the tibia by means of locking screws.

[0037] The top of the first fixing portion 51 is provided with a front top locking screw hole 510 , a middle top locking screw hole 511 , a rear top locking screw hole 512 , a lower locking screw hole 513 and a positioning hole 514 in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0038] The front top locking screw hole 510 is located at the top front side of the first fixing part 51. The interior of the front top locking screw hole 610 is specifically composed of an upper edge part and a lower edge part. The surface of the upper edge part is a smooth curved surface, and the surface of the lower edge part is provided with a fastening thread. The front top locking screw hole 510 is used to fit the inner surface edge of the first fixing part 51 to the bone surface of the medial upper end of the tibia and fix it on its surface through a locking screw;

[0039] In a specific embodiment, after the first locking screw passes through the front top locking screw hole 510, the first upper threaded portion of the first locking screw is screwed into the lower edge of the front top locking screw hole 510. As the first upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the first locking screw stays in the upper edge of the front top locking screw hole 510. The screw shaft and the nail head of the first locking screw are respectively passed through the front top locking screw hole 510 and implanted into the bone. During the implantation process, the inclination angle formed by the first locking screw and the third plane is the first vertical inclination angle α, and the first vertical inclination angle α ranges from 3 to 6°; the inclination angle formed by the first locking screw and the second plane is the first horizontal inclination angle α′, and the first horizontal inclination angle α′ ranges from 6 to 9°.

[0040] The middle top locking screw hole 511 is located at the middle of the top of the first fixing portion 51, between the front top locking screw hole 510 and the rear top locking screw hole 512. Similarly, the interior of the middle top locking screw hole 511 has an upper edge and a lower edge like the interior of the front top locking screw hole 510. The function of the middle top locking screw hole 511 is the same as that of the front top locking screw hole 510.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, after the second locking screw passes through the median top locking screw hole 511, the second upper threaded portion of the second locking screw is screwed into the lower edge of the median top locking screw hole 511. As the second upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the second locking screw stays in the upper edge of the median top locking screw hole 511, and the screw shaft portion and the nail head portion of the second locking screw respectively pass through the median top locking screw hole 511 and are implanted into the bone. During the implantation process, the inclination angle formed by the second locking screw and the third plane is the second vertical inclination angle β, and the second vertical inclination angle β ranges from 2 to 5°; the inclination angle formed by the second locking screw and the second plane is the second horizontal inclination angle β′, and the second horizontal inclination angle β′ is the same as the first horizontal inclination angle α′.

[0042] The rear top locking screw hole 512 is located at the top rear side of the first fixing portion 51. Similarly, the interior of the rear top locking screw hole 512 has an upper edge and a lower edge like the interior of the front top locking screw hole 510. The function of the rear top locking screw hole 512 is the same as that of the front top locking screw hole 510.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, after the third locking screw is passed through the rear top locking screw hole 512, the third upper threaded portion of the third locking screw is screwed into the lower edge of the rear top locking screw hole 512. As the third upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the third locking screw stays in the upper edge of the rear top locking screw hole 512. The screw shaft portion and the nail head portion of the third locking screw are respectively passed through the rear top locking screw hole 512 and implanted into the bone. During the implantation process, the inclination angle formed by the third locking screw and the third plane is the third vertical inclination angle γ, and the third vertical inclination angle γ is the same as the second vertical inclination angle β; the inclination angle formed by the third locking screw and the second plane is the third horizontal inclination angle γ′, and the third horizontal inclination angle γ′ ranges from 8 to 11°.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the first vertical inclination angle α is greater than the second vertical inclination angle β and the third vertical inclination angle γ; Figure 3 As shown, the third horizontal inclination angle γ′ is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle α′ and the second horizontal inclination angle β′.

[0045] The lower locking screw hole 513 is located at the lower part of the first fixing part 51. Similarly, the interior of the lower locking screw hole 513 has an upper edge and a lower edge like the interior of the front top locking screw hole 510. The function of the lower locking screw hole 513 is the same as that of the front top locking screw hole 510.

[0046] The manner in which the lower locking screw hole 513 is used in combination with the locking screw is the same as the manner in which the front top locking screw hole 510 is used in combination with the first locking screw, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] The positioning hole 514 is composed of a circular hole, which is located at the middle of the top of the first fixing part 51 close to the front end of the first fixing part 51, and specifically includes a first positioning hole 5140 and a second positioning hole 5141; wherein the first positioning hole 5140 is located between the front top locking screw hole 510 and the middle top locking screw hole 511, and the second positioning hole 5141 is located between the middle top locking screw hole 511 and the rear top locking screw hole 512, and the aperture of the positioning hole 514 is smaller than the aperture of the locking screw hole, and the positioning hole 514 is used for temporary fixation of the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block during surgery.

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The cross-section of the middle BB part, Figure 6 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the CC section; combined Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the curvature radius of the arc-shaped surface extending from the top to the middle of the inner surface of the first fixing portion 51 gradually increases. Specifically, the curvature radius R of the bottom edge of the horizontal section at the top of the first fixing portion 51 has a value range of 28 to 33 mm; the curvature radius R2 of the bottom edge of the horizontal section between the first oblique locking screw hole 513 and the lower locking screw hole 514 has a value range of 75 to 80 mm.

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The cross-section of the AA section, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer surface of the second fixing portion 52 is set to an arcuate surface with a certain curvature, and two adjacent fixing screw holes 520 are set in the arcuate surface, and are set at a certain distance along the long axis direction of the second fixing portion 52. The interior of the fixing screw hole 520 is specifically composed of an upper edge 5201 and a lower edge 5202. The surface of the upper edge 5201 is a smooth curved surface that matches the upper screw connection portion of the locking screw, and the surface of the lower edge 5202 is provided with a fastening thread. An intermediate groove 523 is provided between the upper edge 5201 and the lower edge 5202. The aperture of the fixing screw hole 520 is the same as the aperture of the locking screw hole; the portion where the inner surface of the second fixing portion 52 fits the tibial shaft is also It is set to an arc-shaped surface with a certain curvature. According to different patients and different fracture sites, the curvature of the inner surface of the arc-shaped surface of the second fixing part 52 can be adapted so that the proximal medial tibia special-shaped block is more closely fitted to the tibial surface; the side surfaces of the second fixing part 52 are respectively provided with a front connecting circular hole 521 and a rear connecting circular hole 522, the front connecting circular hole 521 and the rear connecting circular hole 522 are arranged parallel to the long axis direction of the second fixing part 52, and are respectively located on both sides of the fixing screw hole 520, the front connecting circular hole 521 and the rear connecting circular hole 522 are used to firmly connect the connecting rod 2 to the proximal medial tibia special-shaped block through locking screws.

[0050] The front connecting circular hole 521 is located at the front side of the second fixing portion 52, and the aperture of the front connecting circular hole 521 is the first aperture D1;

[0051] The rear connecting circular hole 522 is located at the rear side of the side of the second fixing portion 52, and the aperture of the rear connecting circular hole 522 is the second aperture D2;

[0052] The first aperture D1 is equal to or different from the second aperture D2 , and the apertures of the front connecting circular hole 521 and the rear connecting circular hole 522 are set to be different in order to be more in line with the bone shape and characteristics of Asians.

[0053] A cross hole 524 is formed at the intersection of the front connecting circular hole 521 and the rear connecting circular hole 522 in the second fixing portion 52 and the fixing screw hole 520 . The cross hole 524 is mainly used to squeeze the connecting rod 2 through the locking screw, so as to fix the connecting rod 2 in the second fixing portion 52 .

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the first connecting rod 20 is inserted into the front connecting circular hole 521, and the second connecting rod 21 is inserted into the rear connecting circular hole 522. After the two fourth locking screws are respectively passed through two adjacent fixing screw holes 520, the fourth upper threaded portion of the fourth locking screw is screwed into the lower edge 5202 of the fixing screw hole 520. As the fourth upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the gap in the middle groove 523 is further compressed, and the screw cap portion of the fourth locking screw stays in the upper edge 5201 of the fixing screw hole 520, respectively squeezing the front connecting circular hole 521 and the rear connecting circular hole 522, while fixing the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 21 to the second fixing portion 52 through the cross hole 524. The screw portion and the nail head portion of the fourth locking screw are respectively passed through the fixing screw hole 520 and implanted into the bone.

[0055] The above is an introduction to the various components of the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block provided in the embodiment of the present invention and the connection relationship between them. Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the use of the proximal medial tibial shaped block is described in detail;

[0056] When doctors use the proximal tibia inner side special-shaped block to fix the fracture site during tibial fracture surgery, the locking screw and the connecting rod 2 need to be used in combination. The process of combined use is described in detail below.

[0057] During a specific tibial fracture surgery, the doctor aligns and fits the first fixing portion 51 of the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block with the bone surface of the medial upper end of the tibia, and respectively inserts the locking screws into the front top locking screw hole 510, the median top locking screw hole 511 and the rear top locking screw hole 512. After the locking screws are inserted into the locking screw holes, the upper screw connection portion of the locking screw is screwed into the lower edge of the locking screw hole. As the upper screw connection portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the locking screw stays in the upper edge of the locking screw hole, and the screw rod portion and the nail head portion of the locking screw are respectively inserted through the locking screw holes and implanted into the bone. Finally, the first fixing portion 51 of the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block is fixed to the bone surface of the outer side of the tibia, and the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 21 are respectively inserted into the front connecting circular hole 521 in sequence. and the rear connecting circular hole 522, and at the same time, the locking screws are respectively passed through the two adjacent fixing screw holes 520. After the locking screws pass through the fixing screw holes 520, the upper threaded portion of the locking screw is screwed with the lower edge 5202 of the fixing screw hole 520. As the upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the locking screw stays in the upper edge 5201 of the fixing screw hole 520, and the gap of the middle groove 523 is further compressed. The locking screws squeeze the front connecting circular hole 521 and the rear connecting circular hole 522 respectively, and at the same time, the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 21 are fixed to the second fixing portion 52 through the cross hole 524. The screw portion and the nail head of the locking screw are respectively passed through the fixing screw holes 520 and implanted into the bone. At this point, the proximal medial tibia special-shaped block is completely fixed to the proximal tibia.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention provides a proximal medial tibia special-shaped block, which is light in design and has a plate-like structure, improves the stability of the fixed structure, realizes multi-point fixation and spherical contact, is easy to attach and fix, and shortens the recovery time.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiment, it is still possible for a person skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiment or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special-shaped block for the medial side of the proximal tibia, characterized in that: The proximal medial tibial special-shaped block is a plate-like structure, and the proximal medial tibial special-shaped block specifically comprises: a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, wherein the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are connected: The inner surface of the first fixing part is an arcuate surface, which matches the curved surface of the upper end of the inner side of the tibia and is used to be fixed to the inner side of the tibia; the first fixing part includes: The front top locking screw hole is located at the top front side of the first fixing portion. When the first locking screw passes through the front top locking screw hole, the first upper screw connection portion of the first locking screw is screwed with the front top locking screw hole. The vertical inclination angle of the normal to the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a first vertical inclination angle; the horizontal inclination angle of the normal to the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a first horizontal inclination angle. a middle top locking screw hole, located at the middle position of the top of the first fixing portion; when the second locking screw passes through the middle top locking screw hole, the second upper screw connection portion of the second locking screw is screwed with the middle top locking screw hole; a vertical inclination angle between the second locking screw and the normal to the plane where the second fixing portion is located is a second vertical inclination angle; a horizontal inclination angle between the second locking screw and the normal to the plane where the second fixing portion is located is a second horizontal inclination angle; The rear top locking screw hole is located at the top rear side of the first fixing part. When the third locking screw passes through the rear top locking screw hole, the third upper screw connection part of the third locking screw is screwed with the rear top locking screw hole. The vertical inclination angle of the normal of the third locking screw and the plane where the second fixing part is located is a third vertical inclination angle; the horizontal inclination angle of the normal of the first locking screw and the plane where the second fixing part is located is a third horizontal inclination angle; the third vertical inclination angle is equal to the second vertical inclination angle; The first vertical inclination angle ranges from 3 to 6°, the second vertical inclination angle ranges from 2 to 5°, and the third vertical inclination angle ranges from 2 to 5°; The first horizontal inclination angle ranges from 6 to 9 degrees, the second horizontal inclination angle ranges from 6 to 9 degrees, and the third horizontal inclination angle ranges from 8 to 11 degrees; A lower locking screw hole, located at the lower part of the first fixing part; The second fixing portion includes: A fixing screw hole, located on the surface of the second fixing portion; A front connecting circular hole is located at the front side of the side surface of the second fixing portion, and the aperture of the front connecting circular hole is a first aperture; A rear connecting circular hole is located at the rear side of the side surface of the second fixing portion, and the aperture of the rear connecting circular hole is the second aperture; The first connecting rod is inserted into the front connecting circular hole, and the second connecting rod is inserted into the rear connecting circular hole. When the fourth locking screw passes through the fixing screw hole, the fourth upper threaded portion of the fourth locking screw is threadedly connected to the fixing screw hole, thereby squeezing the front connecting circular hole and the rear connecting circular hole to fix the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to the second fixing portion.

2. The proximal medial tibial special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second horizontal inclination angle is equal to the first horizontal inclination angle.

3. The proximal medial tibial special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the top of the first fixing portion is R1, and the value range of R1 is 28 to 33 mm; The curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing portion between the top locking screw hole and the lower locking screw hole is R2, and the value range of R2 is 75 to 80 mm.

4. The proximal medial tibial special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixing portion further includes a positioning hole; The positioning hole is used for temporarily fixing the proximal medial tibial proximal end irregular-shaped block during surgery.

5. The proximal medial tibial special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first aperture of the front connecting circular hole and the second aperture of the rear connecting circular hole are equal or different.

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