Seawall foot protection device and seawall foot protection method

Abstract

The present invention provides a seawall foot protection device and a seawall foot protection method, which relate to the technical field of coastal zone restoration. The oyster reef row provided by the present invention comprises: a reef row frame, a gripping device and a protective net device; the gripping device is connected to the bottom of the reef row frame; the protective net device is connected to and covers the reef row frame. The oyster reef row provided by the present invention can be placed at the foot of the seawall, and the reef row frame and the foot of the seawall are protected by the protective net device, so as to prevent the silt at the foot of the seawall from being washed by water flow, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the foot of the seawall and can prevent the foot of the seawall from being eroded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coastal zone restoration, and in particular to a seawall foot protection device and a seawall foot protection method. Background Art

[0002] The protection of the foot of the seawall plays an important role in maintaining the protective capacity of the seawall. As the foot of the seawall has been eroded, washed away and hollowed out by waves, tides and tides for a long time, the foundation of the seawall is damaged, endangering the stability and safety of the seawall. The damage of the seawall will affect the safety of life and property of coastal people. In order to ensure the safety of the seawall, currently, many methods are used, such as throwing stones or reinforced concrete blocks or setting steel sheet piles at the foot of the seawall, to reduce the direct erosion and washing of the seawall by waves and tides, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the seawall and extending the service life of the seawall.

[0003] However, the method of throwing stones or concrete blocks at the foot of the embankment has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The project volume is large and the cost is high;

[0005] 2. Ecologically unfriendly. Riprap or concrete blocks have low ecological functions and are difficult to become ideal habitats for marine life;

[0006] 3. With the passage of time and the damage of waves, the stones and concrete blocks have problems such as displacement and breakage, and the protective effect of the seawall is reduced year by year. It is necessary to regularly replenish riprap or reinforced concrete blocks. Every three years, 10% of the initial throwing amount needs to be replenished, and the later maintenance cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seawall foot protection device and a seawall foot protection method, which can be installed at the foot of the seawall to alleviate the technical problem of the foot of the seawall being eroded by waves.

[0008] In a first aspect, the oyster reef rack provided by the present invention comprises: a reef rack frame, a ground gripping device and a net protection device;

[0009] The gripping device is connected to the bottom of the reef rack frame;

[0010] The protective net device is connected to and covers the reef row frame.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the protective net device includes a net composed of geotextile.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the reef row frame is installed with an oyster column chamber, and the oyster column chamber is provided with oyster piles.

[0013] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the oyster column chambers are installed at both ends of the reef row frame along a direction perpendicular to the coastline.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the oyster reef row also includes an oyster ecological bag, and the oyster ecological bag is arranged above the protective net device.

[0015] In combination with the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the inner cavity of the oyster eco-bag contains oyster shells, and the oyster eco-bag is provided with pores connecting to the inner cavity.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the reef rack frame comprises: a first side frame, a second side frame, a third side frame and a fourth side frame;

[0017] The first side frame, the second side frame, the third side frame and the fourth side frame are connected end to end in sequence and are arranged to form a rectangular frame.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a seawall foot protection device, comprising: a protection pile and the oyster reef row provided in the first aspect;

[0019] The reef rack frame is arranged at the foot of the seawall, and the gripping device is inserted into the seabed;

[0020] The protection piles are arranged on a side of the oyster reef row away from the embankment, and the protection piles are inserted into the seabed.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a dike foot protection method, comprising:

[0022] Constructing the reef row framework;

[0023] Connecting and covering the protective net device to the reef row frame;

[0024] The reef row frame is fixed to the foot of the seawall by means of a gripping device.

[0025] In combination with the third aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation of the third aspect, wherein the dike foot protection method further includes:

[0026] Fill the oyster eco-bag with oyster shells;

[0027] The oyster eco-bag is arranged above the protective net device.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention bring about the following beneficial effects: a gripping device is connected to the bottom of the reef row frame, and a protective net device is connected to and covers the reef row frame, the reef row frame can be fixed at the embankment foot by the gripping device, and the reef row frame and the seawall foot are protected by the protective net device, thereby preventing the mud and sand at the seawall foot from being washed away by the water flow, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the embankment foot and can prevent the seawall foot from being eroded.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a seawall foot protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of an oyster reef row provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Icons: 001-reef rack frame; 101-first side frame; 102-second side frame; 103-third side frame; 104-fourth side frame; 105-frame beam; 002-grip device; 003-net protection device; 004-oyster column chamber; 005-oyster pile; 006-oyster eco-bag; 007-protection pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Physical quantities in formulas, if not separately marked, should be understood as basic quantities of the base units of the International System of Units, or derived quantities derived from the basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation or integration.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the oyster reef rack provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a reef rack frame 001, a gripping device 002 and a protective net device 003; the gripping device 002 is connected to the bottom of the reef rack frame 001; the protective net device 003 is connected to and covers the reef rack frame 001.

[0039] Specifically, the reef row frame 001 includes a concrete component, and the reef row frame 001 can adopt a frame structure with a length of 2m and a width of 1m. Four gripping devices 002 are connected to the four corners of the bottom of the reef row frame 001 one by one. The gripping device 002 can adopt a sharp concrete component similar to a tooth, and the bottom of the gripping device 002 is configured as a tip so that it can be inserted into the seabed. The gripping device 002 is about 50cm long, and the oyster reef is discharged into the foot of the seawall. The gripping device 002 is inserted into the seabed to prevent the movement of the oyster reef row. The protective net device 003 is fixedly installed above the reef row frame 001. The protective net device 003 can play the role of filtering, isolating reinforcement and protection, and can prevent the silt at the foot of the seawall from being washed by water, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the foot of the embankment and can prevent the foot of the seawall from being eroded.

[0040] The oyster reef row provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively prevent erosion and damage to the foot of the seawall, and has the advantages of low cost, good ecological effect, and no need for later maintenance. After the oyster reef row is laid out, the protective function of the foot of the seawall becomes better and better with the passage of time, and its ecological effect becomes more and more obvious with the passage of time. Not only can it protect the foot of the seawall from erosion and damage, but it can also create an oyster reef ecosystem with rich biodiversity at the foot of the seawall, thereby enhancing the ecological function value of the foot of the seawall.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the protective net device 003 includes a net made of geotextile.

[0042] Specifically, the mesh composed of geotextiles as a soft protective material can prevent the silt at the foot of the seawall from being washed away by the water flow, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the bottom of the seabed at the foot of the seawall, and to a certain extent, it also plays a role in preventing the foot of the seawall from being eroded. In addition, the protective net device 003 can be used as a carrier of the oyster eco-bag, which can not only maintain the permeability of seawater well, but also isolate the seabed silt well, prevent the seabed silt from burying the oyster eco-bag, create a good environment for the growth of oysters, and is conducive to the production and reproduction of oysters.

[0043] It should be noted that the geotextile net is made of filament woven geotextile. The geotextile net on each oyster reef row is about 2m long and 1m wide. It is made of high-strength industrial polypropylene and other synthetic fibers as raw materials. It has the advantages of high strength, durability and corrosion resistance. The specification of the geotextile net is set to 500g / ㎡.

[0044] Furthermore, the reef frame 001 is installed with an oyster column chamber 004, and the oyster column chamber 004 is provided with an oyster pile 005.

[0045] Specifically, the oyster column chamber 004 is connected to the reef row frame 001 by fasteners. The oyster column chamber 004 adopts a cubic structure, and the six end faces of the oyster column chamber 004 are respectively provided with openings. The oyster pile 005 is placed in the oyster column chamber 004, and the oyster pile 005 can be used as a substrate for oyster attachment. The length, width and height of a single oyster column chamber 004 are 40 cm, and an oyster pile 005 is placed in each oyster column chamber 004. The oyster pile 005 is in the shape of a cylindrical concrete body with a length of 80 cm and a bottom diameter of 20 cm. The oyster pile 005 is inserted into the oyster column chamber 004 and fixed in the oyster column chamber 004 by fasteners.

[0046] Furthermore, oyster column chambers 004 are installed at both ends of the reef frame 001 in a direction perpendicular to the coastline.

[0047] Specifically, a plurality of oyster column chambers 004 are installed on the side of the reef row frame 001 close to the foot of the seawall, and a plurality of oyster column chambers 004 are provided on the side of the reef row frame 001 away from the foot of the seawall. Oyster piles 005 are inserted in each oyster column chamber 004. The diffusion and growth of oysters on the oyster piles 005 will promote the overall stability of the oyster reef row, thereby reducing the impact of water flow in the direction perpendicular to the coastline.

[0048] Furthermore, the oyster pile 005 is inserted into the cavity of the oyster column chamber 004 from top to bottom, and the side wall of the oyster column chamber 004 is provided with a side opening connected to the cavity.

[0049] Specifically, seawater can enter the chamber of the oyster column chamber 004 through the side opening, and the oyster pile 005 is inserted in the oyster column chamber 004. The oyster pile 005 can absorb oysters and barnacles, thereby gradually improving the stability of the reef row. The height of the oyster column chamber 004 is 40 cm, the total length of the oyster column placed is about 80 cm, and the height exposed outside the oyster chamber is about 40 cm. Under normal circumstances, due to the growth of oysters, it can increase by 10 to 20 cm in 2 to 3 years. In the later period, as the number of oysters increases, the speed of increase in the height and weight of the oyster reef row will further accelerate until it increases to a height that is not suitable for oyster growth (the height at high tide). The oyster reef formed at this time can effectively weaken wave energy and protect the foot of the seawall from erosion and damage.

[0050] Furthermore, the oyster reef row also includes an oyster ecological bag 006, and the oyster ecological bag 006 is arranged above the protective net device 003.

[0051] Specifically, the raw material of the oyster eco-bag 006 is polyethylene material, and the net rope of the oyster eco-bag 006 is drawn with no less than 50 strands of polyethylene fiber rope, and the breaking strength of a single rope is ≥200N / root. The sealing rope of the oyster eco-bag 006 and the rope connecting the reef rack frame 001 are both made of polyester fiber rope, and are greater than or equal to 50 strands, with a single rope breaking strength of ≥200N / root, and the two sections are single dead knots, and double dead knots are used when sealing. The length of the oyster eco-bag 006 is about 1m, and the total mesh number of each oyster eco-bag 006 is not more than 3000 meshes. It is supported by the reef rack frame 001 and the seabed mud is blocked by the protective net device 003, so as to prevent the oyster eco-bag 006 from sinking into the seabed mud due to excessive weight. The oyster column chamber 004, the oyster pile 005 and the oyster eco-bag 006 can provide a good attachment environment and growth and reproduction environment for reef-building organisms such as oysters and barnacles. Oysters grow fast and can grow into adults in about 2 to 3 years. The size of the oyster seedlings introduced in the oyster eco-bag is about 5 to 10 mm and the weight is about 5 to 10 grams. The shell height of two-year-old oysters can reach 8-12 cm, which can reach more than 20 times the original size of the oyster seedlings. The weight of a single oyster can reach 100 to 200 grams, which is 20 to 40 times heavier than the oyster seedlings. In the later stage, as the number of oysters increases, the number of naturally bred oyster seedlings increases, and the new oyster seedlings will continue to attach to the shells of adult oysters, so that the speed of increase in the volume and weight of the reef will gradually accelerate, showing a geometric growth, which will increase the expansion speed of the oyster reef row, and can quickly increase the volume and weight of the oyster reef row, and quickly improve the stability of the oyster reef row, which can well defend against storm surge disasters and play an important role in protecting the foot of the seawall.

[0052] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the oyster eco-bag 006 contains oyster shells, and the oyster eco-bag 006 is provided with pores communicating with the inner cavity.

[0053] Specifically, the total weight of the oyster eco-bag 006 and the oyster shells inside is greater than or equal to 3kg, and the oyster eco-bag 006 should be ensured to have large pores and strength. The large pores can allow the oyster shells in the oyster eco-bag 006 to be exposed, so as to facilitate the attachment and growth of oysters. A plurality of oyster eco-bags 006 are placed on the protective net device 003, and any two adjacent oyster eco-bags 006 are separated by 10cm. About four oyster eco-bags 006 are placed above each reef frame 001. The oyster eco-bag 006 is filled with various large shells such as discarded oyster shells and scallops. The discarded shells are environmentally friendly and ecological, which can not only turn waste into treasure, but also are more conducive to the attachment and growth of oysters, so that the oyster eco-bag 006 is a perfect attachment for the growth of oysters, which is conducive to the development of oyster reefs.

[0054] Furthermore, the reef rack frame 001 includes: a first side frame 101, a second side frame 102, a third side frame 103 and a fourth side frame 104; the first side frame 101, the second side frame 102, the third side frame 103 and the fourth side frame 104 are connected end to end in sequence and are arranged to form a rectangular frame.

[0055] Specifically, the first side frame 101 and the third side frame 103 both extend in a direction parallel to the coastline, the second side frame 102 and the fourth side frame 104 both extend in a direction perpendicular to the coastline, the length of the first side frame 101 and the third side frame 103 can be selected to be 2 m, and the length of the second side frame 102 and the fourth side frame 104 can be selected to be 1 m.

[0056] Furthermore, the reef rack frame 001 also includes a frame beam 105, which is connected in the rectangular frame and extends in a direction perpendicular to the coastline.

[0057] Specifically, two frame beams 105 are provided, and the two frame beams 105 extend in directions parallel to the second side frame 102 respectively. The two frame beams 105 are arranged at intervals along the coastline direction, and are supported in the rectangular frame by the frame beams 105, thereby improving the structural strength of the reef rack frame 001 in the direction perpendicular to the coastline.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the seawall foot protection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: protection piles 007 and the oyster reef row provided in Example 1; the reef row frame 001 is arranged at the foot of the seawall, and the gripping device 002 is inserted into the seabed; the protection piles 007 are arranged on the side of the oyster reef row away from the embankment, and the protection piles 007 are inserted into the seabed.

[0060] Specifically, a plurality of reef frame racks 001 are arranged at the foot of the embankment along the coastline, the radial dimension of the protective pile 007 is 40 cm, and the length of the protective pile 007 is 5 m, of which 3 m are inserted into the seabed and 2 m are exposed to the seabed and abut the reef frame rack 001. The protective pile 007 prevents the reef frame rack 001 from being washed into the sea area outside the intertidal zone.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the dike foot protection method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: constructing a reef row frame 001, and fixing the reef row frame 001 at the dike foot through a gripping device 002; connecting and covering the protective net device 003 to the reef row frame 001. The protective net device 003 is conducive to maintaining the stability of the bottom surface of the seabed at the dike foot, and to a certain extent, it also plays a role in preventing the dike foot from being eroded. At the same time, it can also isolate the seabed sediment and prevent the seabed sediment from burying the oyster reef row, thereby creating a good environment for the growth of oysters, thereby promoting the rapid formation of oyster reefs.

[0063] Furthermore, the dike foot protection method also includes: putting oyster shells into the oyster eco-bag 006; and arranging the oyster eco-bag 006 above the protective net device 003.

[0064] First, the fertilized eggs of oysters collected at the oyster hatchery are cultured in the culture pond for 14-20 days until they grow tentacles and are able to attach. After leaving the culture pond, the oyster seedlings will be transported to the attachment pond, where disinfected oyster shells are placed for the oyster seedlings to attach. After 1 to 2 weeks, when the oyster seedlings are firmly attached and each oyster shell or shell is attached with 5 to 10 oyster seedlings, the oyster shells are put into the oyster eco-bag 006, and then the oyster eco-bag 006 is connected to the reef rack frame 001 and placed in the intertidal zone at the foot of the seawall. Subsequently, the oysters will grow and reproduce naturally on the oyster reef row, and the oysters that died in the early stage will become reef-building materials, making the oyster reef row larger and heavier.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawall foot protection device, characterized in that: include: protective piles (007) and oyster reef rows; The oyster reef rack comprises: a reef rack frame (001), a ground-gripping device (002) and a net-protecting device (003); the ground-gripping device (002) is connected to the bottom of the reef rack frame (001); the net-protecting device (003) is connected to and covers the reef rack frame (001); The reef rack frame (001) is arranged at the foot of the seawall, and the gripping device (002) is inserted into the seabed; The protection pile (007) is arranged on a side of the oyster reef row away from the embankment, and the protection pile (007) is inserted into the seabed; The reef row frame (001) is equipped with an oyster column chamber (004), and the oyster column chamber (004) is provided with an oyster pile (005); The oyster reef row also includes an oyster ecological bag (006), and the oyster ecological bag (006) is arranged above the protective net device (003).

2. The seawall foot protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective net device (003) comprises a net component made of geotextile.

3. The seawall foot protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the coastline, the oyster column chambers (004) are installed at both ends of the reef row frame (001).

4. The seawall foot protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the oyster eco-bag (006) contains oyster shells, and the oyster eco-bag (006) is provided with a hole communicating with the inner cavity.

5. The seawall foot protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reef rack frame (001) comprises: a first side frame (101), a second side frame (102), a third side frame (103) and a fourth side frame (104); The first side frame (101), the second side frame (102), the third side frame (103) and the fourth side frame (104) are connected end to end in sequence and are arranged to form a rectangular frame.

6. A dike foot protection method, characterized in that: The embankment foot protection method adopts the seawall embankment foot protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises: Construct reef row framework (001); Connecting and covering the protective net device (003) to the reef rack frame (001); The reef rack frame (001) is fixed to the foot of the seawall by means of a gripping device (002).

7. The dike foot protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dike foot protection method also includes: Place oyster shells in an oyster eco-bag (006); The oyster ecological bag (006) is arranged above the protective net device (003).

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