Gas Monitoring System and Christmas Tree

Abstract

The present invention provides a gas monitoring system and a Christmas tree, which relate to the technical field of oilfield exploitation. The gas monitoring system is used to detect the gas leakage status of the Christmas tree, including a gas detector and an emergency cut-off valve assembly; the emergency cut-off valve assembly includes an emergency cut-off valve and an emergency cut-off valve processor, and an emergency cut-off valve is provided between the main pipeline and the production pipeline of the Christmas tree; the gas detector is arranged in the atmospheric environment of the oil and gas well site, and is used to detect the concentration of the gas to be tested in the atmosphere; the gas detector is communicatively connected to the emergency cut-off valve processor; the emergency cut-off valve processor is communicatively connected to the emergency cut-off valve. Since the gas detector can sense trace leakage of harmful gases, it is beneficial to protect on-site workers. The Christmas tree includes the above-mentioned gas monitoring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield exploitation, and in particular to a gas monitoring system and a Christmas tree. Background Art

[0002] During oilfield exploitation, harmful gas leakage is unavoidable. Common harmful gases that are easily leaked near Christmas trees include hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, methane and ethane. These harmful gases are harmful to human health. Long-term exposure to low-concentration harmful gases can cause headaches, dizziness, and insomnia, while high-concentration harmful gases can cause coma or even death in a short period of time. In addition, these harmful gases are often flammable and explosive. Leakage of harmful gases can cause fires and combustion and explosions, which can easily threaten the safety of people and property.

[0003] In the prior art, such as Figure 1 As shown, the Christmas tree generally includes a main line 30 and a production line 40, and the main line 30 is connected to the oil pipe. The main line 30 is provided with a main valve 50, and the production line 40 is provided with a production valve 60. The production line 40 is also provided with a pressure gauge 80 and a flow meter 90. The pressure gauge 80 and the flow meter 90 are used together to determine whether there is a harmful gas leak. Among them, the pressure gauge 80 can sense the pressure change in the pipeline, and the flow meter 90 can sense the flow change in the pipeline. When the pressure in the pipeline drops suddenly and the flow increases suddenly, it can be determined that the pipeline is leaking.

[0004] However, when a slight leakage occurs in the pipeline, the pressure meter 80 and the flow meter 90 cannot detect it in time, thereby endangering the health of the workers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a gas monitoring system and a Christmas tree to overcome some of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The present invention provides a gas monitoring system for detecting the gas leakage state of an oil tree, comprising a gas detector and an emergency cut-off valve assembly; the emergency cut-off valve assembly comprises an emergency cut-off valve and an emergency cut-off valve processor, and the emergency cut-off valve is arranged between the main pipeline and the production pipeline of the oil tree; the gas detector is arranged in the atmospheric environment of an oil and gas well site, and is used for detecting the concentration of a gas to be detected in the atmosphere; the gas detector is communicatively connected to the emergency cut-off valve processor; the emergency cut-off valve processor is communicatively connected to the emergency cut-off valve.

[0007] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the gas detector is installed on the outer wall of the pipeline and / or the outer wall of the container and / or the ground at the oil and gas well site.

[0008] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve further comprises a production valve and / or a main valve of the Christmas tree.

[0009] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, there are multiple gas detectors, and the multiple gas detectors are dispersedly distributed.

[0010] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the gas detector includes a gas sensor, a gas detector processor, a gas detector memory and a gas detector display; and the gas detector is communicatively connected to a remote main control room.

[0011] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve assembly includes an alarm unit.

[0012] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve assembly includes a storage unit.

[0013] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve assembly includes a display unit.

[0014] In the gas monitoring system as described above, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve processor is communicatively connected to a remote main control room.

[0015] The present invention also provides a Christmas tree, comprising the above-mentioned gas monitoring system.

[0016] Since gas detectors are installed in the atmosphere near the Christmas tree, they can sense trace leakage of harmful gases, which is helpful to protect on-site workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the gas monitoring system in the background technology;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation of a gas monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A area;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the installation of a gas monitoring system provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the emergency cut-off valve assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gas detector of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas monitoring system of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 30: Main line;

[0026] 40: Production pipeline;

[0027] 50: Main valve;

[0028] 60: Production of valves;

[0029] 80: pressure gauge;

[0030] 90: flow meter;

[0031] 100: Gas detector;

[0032] 110: Gas sensor;

[0033] 120: Gas detector processor;

[0034] 130: Gas detector memory;

[0035] 140: Gas detector display;

[0036] 200: Emergency shut-off valve assembly;

[0037] 210: Emergency shut-off valve;

[0038] 220: Emergency shut-off valve processor;

[0039] 230: alarm unit;

[0040] 240: storage unit;

[0041] 250: display unit;

[0042] 300: main line;

[0043] 400: production pipeline;

[0044] 500: main valve;

[0045] 600: production of valves;

[0046] 700: Remote control room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0048] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to facilitate the description of different components, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying a sequential relationship, relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0052] The content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the content of the present invention in more detail.

[0053] like Figures 2 to 7As shown, this embodiment provides a gas monitoring system for detecting the gas leakage status of an oil tree, including a gas detector 100 and an emergency cut-off valve assembly 200; the emergency cut-off valve assembly 200 includes an emergency cut-off valve 210 and an emergency cut-off valve processor 220, and an emergency cut-off valve 210 is provided between the main pipeline 300 and the production pipeline 400 of the oil tree; the gas detector 100 is arranged in the atmospheric environment of an oil and gas well site, and is used to detect the concentration of a gas to be tested in the atmosphere; the gas detector 100 is communicatively connected to the emergency cut-off valve processor 220; the emergency cut-off valve processor 220 is communicatively connected to the emergency cut-off valve 210.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to detect the gas leakage state of the Christmas tree, the prior art uses a pressure gauge 80 and a flow meter 90 in combination to determine whether there is a harmful gas leakage. The pressure gauge 80 can sense the pressure change in the pipeline, and the flow meter 90 can sense the flow change in the pipeline. When the pressure in the pipeline drops suddenly and the flow increases suddenly, it can be determined that the pipeline is leaking.

[0055] The existing technology cannot detect the slight leakage of the pipeline in time, nor can it quickly and efficiently determine the leakage location. This is because the pressure gauge 80 and the flow meter 90 cannot choose between the slight leakage of oil and gas and the normal fluctuation of oil and gas production when sensing the slight pressure and flow changes. At this time, further judgment can only be made by long-term observation and on-site inspection, which is a slow process and the leaked harmful gas is likely to endanger the health of the workers.

[0056] This embodiment uses a gas detector 100 exposed to the atmosphere to sense the concentration of harmful gases in the atmosphere at the monitoring point, and the location of the gas detector 100 is the monitoring point. The gas detector 100 can sense the concentration of the gas to be tested in the atmosphere in real time at the monitoring point. Once a leak occurs in the Christmas tree, the concentration change of the gas to be tested can be detected, regardless of the leakage amount of the gas to be tested. The gas to be tested can be hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, natural gas, etc.

[0057] The gas detector 100 feeds back the concentration of the gas to be measured to the gas detector processor 120 in real time.

[0058] When the air near the monitoring point contains trace amounts of the gas to be tested, the gas detector 100 can sense trace amounts of leakage of the gas to be tested. Since the leakage is not serious and the situation is not urgent, the Christmas tree can maintain normal production first, but the staff needs to be notified immediately for maintenance, thus shortening the verification time and process of trace amounts of harmful gas leakage.

[0059] At this time, the staff should be equipped with safety protection measures to conduct inspections near the monitoring point. The protection measures may include masks, gas masks, etc. When there is a trace leak of harmful gas, the provision of safety protection measures is beneficial to the health of the staff.

[0060] The existing technology cannot automatically sense trace leakage of harmful gases through instruments, so when trace leakage of harmful gases occurs, the staff cannot know that they should wear protective measures for inspection, which can easily lead to poisoning incidents.

[0061] When the gas detector 100 senses that the concentration of the gas to be tested is extremely high, it can be determined that a serious leakage of the gas to be tested has occurred near the monitoring point. Due to the serious leakage, in order to avoid catastrophic events such as fire, explosion or casualties, the production operation of the Christmas tree should be stopped immediately.

[0062] Since the gas detector 100 is communicatively connected with the emergency shut-off valve processor 220, the gas detector processor 120 quickly transmits the signal of serious leakage of harmful gas to the emergency shut-off valve processor 220. Since the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 is communicatively connected with the emergency shut-off valve 210, the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 can quickly close the emergency shut-off valve 210.

[0063] The emergency cut-off valve 210 is arranged between the main pipeline 300 of the Christmas tree and the production pipeline 400. Closing the emergency cut-off valve 210 can stop the oil and gas production of the production pipeline 400 to prevent the further spread of harmful gases. Due to the fully automated operation, the whole process takes a short time, which is conducive to avoiding the occurrence of catastrophic events.

[0064] The technical solution adopts a gas monitoring system for detecting the gas leakage state of the Christmas tree, including a gas detector 100 and an emergency cut-off valve assembly 200; the emergency cut-off valve assembly 200 includes an emergency cut-off valve 210 and an emergency cut-off valve processor 220, and an emergency cut-off valve 210 is provided between the main pipeline 300 and the production pipeline 400 of the Christmas tree; the gas detector 100 is arranged in the atmospheric environment of the oil and gas well site, and is used to detect the concentration of the gas to be tested in the atmosphere; the gas detector 100 is connected to the emergency cut-off valve processor 220 for communication; the emergency cut-off valve processor 220 is connected to the emergency cut-off valve processor 220 ... By using the technical means of the communication connection between the gas detector 100 and the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 and the emergency shut-off valve 210, the gas detector 100 can sense trace leakage of harmful gases, which is beneficial to protecting on-site personnel and shortening the verification time and process of trace leakage of harmful gases; and the communication-connected gas detector 100 and the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 and the communication-connected emergency shut-off valve processor 220 and the emergency shut-off valve 210 are beneficial to fully automatically and quickly stop the oil and gas production of the production pipeline 400 when there is a serious leakage of harmful gases. The whole process is short in time, which is beneficial to avoid the occurrence of catastrophic events.

[0065] Optionally, the gas detector 100 of this embodiment is installed on the outer wall of a pipeline and / or the outer wall of a container and / or the ground at an oil and gas well site. Figure 2 As shown, the gas detector 100 is installed on the outer wall of the pipeline; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of .

[0066] The gas detector 100 can be installed on the outer wall of the pipeline and / or the outer wall of the container and / or the ground of the oil and gas well. Since the installation location of the gas detector 100 is outside the pipeline and equipment, the installation, disassembly, maintenance, and upgrading of the gas detector 100 will not interfere with the normal production of the oil and gas well, which is conducive to reducing the operating cost of the gas monitoring system.

[0067] The staff can flexibly change the installation location and number of gas detectors 100 according to maintenance records and on-site conditions. For example, increasing the number of gas detectors 100 installed in areas with high incidence of harmful gas leaks recently discovered can help improve the monitoring performance of the gas monitoring system.

[0068] This technical solution adopts the technical means of installing the gas detector 100 on the outer wall of the pipeline and / or the outer wall of the container and / or the ground of the oil and gas well site, so it is beneficial to reduce the operating cost of the gas monitoring system and also beneficial to improve the monitoring performance of the gas monitoring system.

[0069] Optionally, the emergency shut-off valve 210 of this embodiment further includes a production valve 600 and / or a main valve 500 of the Christmas tree. Figure 4 As shown, the emergency shut-off valve 210 may be one of the main valves 500 .

[0070] During the production process of oil and gas wells, crude oil and part of natural gas enter the Christmas tree along the oil pipe in the wellbore, enter the production pipeline 400 through the main valve 500 on the Christmas tree main line 300, and then enter the back pressure pipeline through the production valve 600 on the production pipeline 400. There is at least one main valve 500, but oil and gas wells with high pressure need to be equipped with two main valves 500. Similarly, there is at least one production valve 600, but oil and gas wells with high pressure need to be equipped with two production valves 600 on the production pipeline 400.

[0071] The emergency shut-off valve 210 can be independent of the main valve 500 and the production valve 600, and can be disposed between the main pipeline 300 and the production pipeline 400. However, since the valve itself is a high-incidence point for harmful gas leakage, too many valves increase the incidence of harmful gas leakage.

[0072] The original production valve 600 can be upgraded to an emergency shut-off valve 210 after modification. Similarly, the original main valve 500 can also be upgraded to an emergency shut-off valve 210 after modification. Compared with the independent emergency shut-off valve 210, the number of valves is reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the incidence of harmful gas leakage. Since the modification cost is often lower than the installation cost, it is conducive to promotion and application.

[0073] Since the technical solution adopts the technical means that the emergency shut-off valve 210 also includes the production valve 600 and / or the main valve 500 of the oil production tree, it is beneficial to reduce the total number of valves, thereby helping to reduce the incidence of harmful gas leakage; and since the cost of transformation is often lower than that of installation, it is conducive to promotion and application.

[0074] Optionally, there are multiple gas detectors 100 in this embodiment, and the multiple gas detectors 100 are dispersedly distributed.

[0075] When harmful gas leaks, the concentration of harmful gas in the atmosphere is generally higher the closer to the leak point. Each gas detector 100 can sense the concentration of harmful gas to be measured at its monitoring point. By analyzing the concentration of harmful gas at each dispersed monitoring point, the staff can quickly determine the approximate location of the leak point. The dispersed distribution of gas detectors 100 is conducive to the staff to quickly determine the approximate location of the leak point.

[0076] This technical solution uses a technical means in which multiple body detectors and multiple gas detectors 100 are dispersedly distributed, which helps staff to quickly determine the approximate location of the leakage point.

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, optionally, the gas detector 100 of this embodiment includes a gas sensor 110, a gas detector processor 120, a gas detector memory 130 and a gas detector display 140; the gas detector 100 is communicatively connected to a remote main control room 700.

[0078] The gas sensor 110 can convert the concentration of the gas to be measured in the atmosphere into information that can be used by staff, instruments, computers, etc. Different types of gas sensors 110 have different working principles, but they are all conducive to quickly discovering the leakage of harmful gases.

[0079] The gas sensor 110 in this embodiment can use laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) to determine the concentration of the gas to be measured in the atmosphere. Specifically, the remote laser absorption spectrometer emits a laser beam with a specific wavelength, and the controller analyzes the returned reflected wave to determine the concentration of the gas to be measured. The gas to be measured in this method can be natural gas, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur trioxide, etc.

[0080] The gas sensor 110 in this embodiment can also use infrared imaging gas detection technology to determine the concentration of the gas to be tested in the atmosphere. Specifically, optical gas imaging equipment can be used to apply infrared thermal imaging technology to observe whether there is leakage of the gas to be tested on the image. This method can detect more than 20 types of dangerous gases in the petroleum and petrochemical industries, and the method is intuitive, efficient, and safe, which is conducive to promotion and application.

[0081] The gas sensor 110 in this embodiment may also be a constant potential electrolytic sensor, a conductivity sensor, etc.

[0082] The gas detector processor 120 can process the concentration of the gas to be tested sensed by the gas sensor 110 and form a curve of the concentration of the gas to be tested changing over time. The gas detector processor 120 feeds back the concentration of the gas to be tested to the gas detector memory 130, the remote main control room 700 and all emergency shut-off valve assemblies 200 near the gas detector 100 in real time, which is helpful for the staff to accurately judge the approximate location of the leak point.

[0083] The gas detector memory 130 is responsible for storing data on the change of the concentration of the gas to be measured over time. The gas detector memory 130 in each gas detector 100 is connected to the gas detector processor 120 in the gas detector 100 for communication, so as to receive and store the concentration data of the gas to be measured from the gas sensor 110 in the gas detector 100. In addition, the staff can also retrieve the data in the gas detector memory 130 through the remote main control room 700 and all the emergency shut-off valve assemblies 200 near the gas detector 100. The setting of the gas detector memory 130 is conducive to the staff to obtain the historical data of the concentration of the gas to be measured.

[0084] Each gas detector 100 is equipped with a gas detector display 140, which can display the concentration data of the gas to be tested in real time, and can also display the data stored in the gas detector memory 130 in the gas detector 100, such as a curve showing the change of the concentration of the gas to be tested over time, which is helpful for the staff to obtain intuitive concentration information of the gas to be tested.

[0085] This technical solution adopts a gas detector 100 including a gas sensor 110, a gas detector processor 120, a gas detector memory 130 and a gas detector display 140; the technical means of communicating and connecting the gas detector 100 with the remote main control room 700 is conducive to quickly discovering the leakage of harmful gases, and is also conducive to the staff obtaining historical data and intuitive information on the concentration of the gas to be tested.

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 of this embodiment includes an alarm unit 230 .

[0087] The alarm unit 230 of the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 includes an indicator light and a buzzer. The indicator light flashes and the buzzer sounds to notify the staff that the corresponding emergency shut-off valve 210 is in the closed state, which is helpful for the staff to quickly determine the switch state of each emergency shut-off valve 210.

[0088] Since the technical solution adopts the technical means that the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 includes the alarm unit 230 , it is helpful for the staff to quickly determine the switch status of each emergency shut-off valve 210 .

[0089] like Figure 5 As shown, optionally, the emergency shutoff valve assembly 200 of this embodiment includes a storage unit 240 .

[0090] The storage unit 240 of the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 can store the historical working state of the emergency shut-off valve 210, such as the time point when the emergency shut-off valve 210 is closed and the time point when the emergency shut-off valve 210 is opened. The storage unit 240 of the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 can also store the detection data of all gas detectors 100 in its vicinity. The setting of the storage unit 240 in the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 is conducive to the staff to obtain the historical data of the historical working state of the emergency shut-off valve 210 and the concentration of the surrounding gas to be measured.

[0091] Since the technical solution adopts the technical means that the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 includes a storage unit 240, it is helpful for the staff to obtain the historical working status of the emergency shut-off valve 210 and the historical data of the surrounding gas concentration to be measured.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 of this embodiment includes a display unit 250 .

[0093] The display unit 250 can display in real time the measured gas concentration data stored in all gas detectors 100 near the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200, and can also display the data stored in the storage unit 240 in the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200, and can also display the current and historical working status of the emergency shut-off valve 210, which is helpful for the staff to obtain intuitive measured gas concentration information and the current and historical working status information of the emergency shut-off valve 210, and is helpful for the staff to analyze and judge the leakage point.

[0094] Since the technical solution adopts the technical means of the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 including the display unit 250, it is beneficial for the staff to obtain intuitive information on the concentration of the gas to be tested and the current and historical working status information of the emergency shut-off valve 210, which is beneficial for the staff to analyze and judge the leakage point.

[0095] like Figure 7 As shown, optionally, the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 of this embodiment is communicatively connected to the remote main control room 700 .

[0096] Since the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 is communicatively connected to the remote main control room 700, the staff in the remote main control room 700 can control the working state of the emergency shut-off valve 210 through the emergency shut-off valve processor 220, such as opening or closing the emergency shut-off valve 210, which is conducive to the staff in the remote main control room 700 to remotely control the emergency shut-off valve 210.

[0097] In addition, the staff in the remote main control room 700 can also retrieve the data in the storage unit 240 of the emergency cut-off valve assembly 200 through the emergency cut-off valve processor 220, which is helpful for quickly determining the approximate location of the leak point when the harmful gas leaks. At the same time, the data in the storage unit 240 of the emergency cut-off valve assembly 200 is also helpful for the staff to perform daily maintenance on the Christmas tree.

[0098] Since this technical solution adopts the technical means of communicating and connecting the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 with the remote main control room 700, it is beneficial for the staff in the remote main control room 700 to remotely control the emergency shut-off valve 210, and it is also beneficial to quickly determine the approximate location of the leakage point when harmful gas leaks.

[0099] This embodiment further provides a Christmas tree, comprising the above-mentioned gas monitoring system.

[0100] Since the Christmas tree of the present technical solution adopts the above-mentioned gas monitoring system, a gas detector 100 is installed in the atmospheric environment near the Christmas tree. The gas detector 100 can sense trace leakage of harmful gases, which is beneficial to protecting on-site workers.

[0101] The following is a detailed description of the working process of the gas monitoring system.

[0102] The gas detector 100 feeds back the concentration of the gas to be measured to the gas detector processor 120 in real time. The concentration of the gas to be measured can be divided into four levels by three critical values, which are the first critical value, the second critical value and the third critical value. The specific values ​​of the three critical values ​​are determined according to the type of the gas to be measured. The third critical value is greater than the second critical value, and the second critical value is greater than the first zero value.

[0103] When the concentration of the gas to be tested is less than or equal to the first critical value, the concentration of the gas to be tested is at the first level. At this time, at the monitoring point, no leakage of the gas to be tested can be detected, the Christmas tree can continue to produce normally, and the staff can conduct normal inspections.

[0104] When the concentration of the gas to be tested is greater than the first critical value and less than or equal to the second critical value, the concentration of the gas to be tested is in the second level. At this time, a trace leakage of the gas to be tested can be detected at the monitoring point. Since the leakage is not serious and the situation is not urgent, the Christmas tree can maintain normal production first. The gas detector 100 sends a trace leakage information to the remote control room 700, and the remote control room 700 should send staff to the monitoring point for inspection.

[0105] Staff should be equipped with safety protection measures to conduct inspections near the monitoring point. Protective measures may include masks, gas masks, etc.

[0106] After arriving at the monitoring point, the staff reads the concentration data of the gas to be tested stored in the memory 130 of the gas detector through the gas detector display 140 and detects the nearby pipelines and equipment.

[0107] When the staff finds a leak, they can manually close the production pipeline 400 where the leak occurs through the emergency cut-off valve 210. If the leak occurs on the main line 300, the emergency cut-off valve 210 on the main line 300 can also be manually closed.

[0108] When the concentration of the gas to be tested is greater than the second critical value and less than or equal to the third critical value, the concentration of the gas to be tested is at the third level, and it can be determined that the gas to be tested has leaked near the monitoring point. The gas detector 100 sends leakage information to the remote control room 700. Since the leakage is serious, the staff of the remote control room 700 should immediately analyze and determine the suspected leakage point, and use remote control to stop the production operation of the oil production tree where the suspected leakage point is located by emergency shut-off valve 210.

[0109] When the concentration of the gas to be tested is greater than the third critical value, the concentration of the gas to be tested is at the fourth level, and it can be determined that the gas to be tested has leaked near the monitoring point. Due to the serious leakage, in order to avoid fire, explosion or casualties, the gas detector 100 immediately and automatically transmits data to the emergency shut-off valve processor 220 of all nearby emergency shut-off valves 210, and each processor immediately closes the emergency shut-off valve 210 it controls, and the oil production tree stops the oil production operation. Due to the fully automated operation, the whole process takes a short time, which is conducive to avoiding the occurrence of catastrophic events.

[0110] The gas detector 100 sends a serious leakage message to the remote control room 700, and each closed emergency shutoff valve 210 sends a closing message to the remote control room 700. The remote control room 700 dispatches staff to perform on-site maintenance.

[0111] The alarm unit 230 of the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 includes an indicator light and a buzzer. The indicator light flashes and the buzzer sounds to notify the staff that the corresponding emergency shut-off valve 210 is in a closed state. The staff can retrieve the data in the storage unit 240 of the emergency shut-off valve 210, including the closing time of the emergency shut-off valve 210, the location information of all gas detectors 100 around the emergency shut-off valve 210, and the concentration curve of harmful gases stored in the storage 130 of all gas detectors around the emergency shut-off valve 210 over time.

[0112] In order to facilitate the staff to read the data, the emergency shut-off valve assembly 200 includes a display unit 250. The display unit 250 can be a display screen. The staff can quickly read the above data and analyze it through the display screen, which is conducive to improving the work efficiency of the staff.

[0113] After the maintenance is completed, each closed emergency shut-off valve 210 can be reopened and the Christmas tree can resume operation.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas monitoring system for detecting gas leakage status of a Christmas tree, characterized in that: It includes a gas detector and an emergency cut-off valve assembly; the emergency cut-off valve assembly includes an emergency cut-off valve and an emergency cut-off valve processor, and the emergency cut-off valve is provided between the main pipeline of the Christmas tree and the production pipeline; the gas detector is arranged in the atmospheric environment of the oil and gas well site, and is used to detect the concentration of the gas to be tested in the atmosphere; the gas detector is communicatively connected with the emergency cut-off valve processor; the emergency cut-off valve processor is communicatively connected with the emergency cut-off valve; The gas detector is installed on the outer wall of the pipeline and / or the outer wall of the container and / or the ground of the oil and gas well site. There are multiple gas detectors, and the multiple gas detectors are dispersedly distributed; The emergency shut-off valve also includes a production valve and / or a main valve of the Christmas tree; The gas detector comprises a gas sensor, a gas detector processor, a gas detector memory and a gas detector display; the gas detector is connected to a remote main control room for communication; The gas detector is also used for: when the concentration of the gas to be detected is less than or equal to a first critical value, the gas detector does not send leakage information to the remote main control room; When the concentration of the gas to be measured is greater than the first critical value and less than or equal to the second critical value, the gas detector sends trace leakage information to the remote main control room; When the concentration of the gas to be tested is greater than the second critical value and less than or equal to the third critical value, the gas detector sends serious leakage information to the remote main control room, so that the remote main control room controls the emergency shut-off valve to stop the production operation of the Christmas tree where the suspected leakage point is located; When the concentration of the gas to be detected is greater than the third critical value, the gas detector sends data to the emergency shut-off valve processor so that the emergency shut-off valve processor controls the emergency shut-off valve to close.

2. The gas monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency shut-off valve assembly includes an alarm unit.

3. The gas monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slam-shut valve assembly includes a storage unit.

4. The gas monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency shut-off valve assembly includes a display unit.

5. The gas monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency shut-off valve processor is in communication connection with a remote main control room.

6. A Christmas tree, characterized in that: Comprising a gas monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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