A transmission structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a transmission structure, including an input module, a shift module, and an output module. The input module includes an input shaft, and the output module includes an output shaft. The shift module includes a sliding guide sleeve, a shifting mechanism, a gear set, and a transmission component. The gear set includes a meshing external gear and an internal gear. The sliding guide sleeve is fitted onto the input shaft and has an annular groove and a key. The shifting mechanism engages with the annular groove. The internal gear has a first transmission hole, and the output module has a second transmission hole. The transmission component connects the first and second transmission holes. The external gear has a first inner hole including a first inner groove, and the output module has a second inner hole including a second inner groove. The key connects to the external gear via the first inner groove or to the output shaft via the second inner groove. The transmission structure of this invention is compact and simple, low in cost, provides smooth shifting, and is convenient and reliable, while avoiding problems such as gear collision or even gear breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transmission technology, and more specifically, to a transmission structure. Background Art

[0002] Ordinary feeders generally have limited gears, resulting in fewer speed ranges. During the use of the feeder and the wood processing process, the user is unable to accurately obtain the required speed range due to various factors such as wood material, thickness, required processing shape, tool cutting depth, etc., and therefore cannot meet the more sophisticated speed requirements required for processing. Currently, users in the market will choose a frequency conversion speed feeder, which can achieve stepless speed change within the selected range to meet the user's more sophisticated speed requirements, but this feeder is more expensive, so the market coverage is small and not many users choose it.

[0003] Therefore, with the need of processing, a transmission structure that can be used with a feeder has appeared on the market, but the general transmission structure will use a multi-stage gear set to change speed, resulting in a complex transmission structure, large space occupation, and is not suitable for use with a feeder that is not large in size. In order to provide a speed change function and save space, the invention patent CN1369656A disclosed on September 18, 2002 describes a variable ratio coaxial transmission structure, which provides two optional speed gears through the outer gear moving on the coaxial axis and two speed gears. Therefore, the transmission structure retains all the speed segments of the current ordinary feeder, and can also provide an additional double speed segment when used with the feeder, further refining the segmentation of the feeding speed, meeting the fine needs of most users for the speed segment, and the speed change is convenient and fast, further improving the efficiency of the speed change, and the cost is greatly reduced compared with the feeder using variable frequency speed regulation. However, the disadvantages of this variable ratio coaxial transmission structure are that the overall structure is bulky and bloated, occupying a large space, and the direct drive gear engagement and disengagement to switch speeds can easily lead to problems such as uneven engagement, tooth collision, and even tooth breakage during the speed change process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a transmission structure, which provides more precise speed stages, has a compact and simple structure, low cost, smooth gear shifting, convenient and reliable speed change, and avoids the problem of tooth collision or even tooth breakage.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a transmission structure, comprising an input module, a speed change module and an output module, the input module comprising an input shaft, the output module comprising an output shaft, wherein the speed change module comprises a sliding guide sleeve, a shift mechanism, a gear set and a transmission member arranged in sequence along the axial direction, the gear set comprises an outer gear and an inner gear meshing with each other, and the number of teeth of the outer gear is not equal to the number of teeth of the inner gear; the sliding guide sleeve can be axially slidably sleeved on the input shaft, the outer surface of the sliding guide sleeve is sequentially provided with an annular groove and a key along the axial direction, the shift mechanism is engaged with the annular groove, the inner gear is provided with a first transmission hole, the output module is provided with a second transmission hole, the transmission member connects the first transmission hole and the second transmission hole, the outer gear is provided with a first inner hole, the first inner hole is provided with a first inner groove, the output shaft is provided with a second inner hole, the second inner hole is provided with a second inner groove, the first inner hole is coaxial with the second inner hole, the key is key-connected with the outer gear through the first inner groove or the second inner groove is key-connected with the output shaft.

[0006] In the transmission structure of the present invention, the input module drives the sliding guide sleeve to rotate. When the key of the sliding guide sleeve is connected to the first inner groove key of the external gear, the input shaft speed of the input module is transmitted to the external gear in the gear set through the key and the key connection of the first inner groove, and the external gear and the internal gear are meshed. Due to the difference in the number of teeth between the two gears, the external gear drives the internal gear, and the rotation speed of the internal gear is different from that of the external gear. The rotation speed of the internal gear is then matched with the transmission member in the first transmission hole of the internal gear and the corresponding second transmission hole, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft of the output module in an eccentric constant speed transmission mode to achieve variable speed output. After the shift mechanism engaged on the annular groove of the sliding guide sleeve is dialed, the sliding guide sleeve slides axially along the input shaft, so the key on the sliding guide sleeve also slides axially to the second inner groove key connection with the output shaft, and the rotation speed of the input shaft is directly transmitted to the output shaft through the key and the key connection of the second inner groove, and the output shaft and the input shaft have the same rotation speed, so as to achieve constant speed output. The transmission structure provides additional speed gears, that is, more required speed segments are provided, which can meet more precise speed requirements. If more and finer speed ranges are required, more gear sets can be added to provide more speed ranges. The transmission structure also adopts a coaxial speed change structure and a key connection driven speed change. The meshing speed change of the gear set generally takes up a lot of space. At the same time, when shifting, the gears are prone to collision and tooth collapse before the gears mesh, resulting in damage to the workpiece and uneven speed change. Since the transmission structure does not require the change of gear sets for shifting, it saves space in the structure, and the structure is more compact and simple. At the same time, the speed change is driven by the key connection, which is convenient and reliable, avoiding the problem of tooth collision and tooth collapse. Therefore, the gear shift can be smooth and the price is low compared with the variable frequency speed regulation products.

[0007] In one embodiment, it also includes a shell, the speed change module and the output module are installed in the shell, the side of the shell close to the input module is provided with a support hole parallel to the sliding guide sleeve, the shift mechanism includes a support member, a sliding sleeve and a shift fork, the support member is fixedly inserted into the support hole, the shift fork can be axially slidably sleeved on the support member through the sliding sleeve and snapped into the annular groove. The support member is fixed in the support hole of the shell, the shift fork is sleeved on the support member through the sliding sleeve, the support member provides radial support for the shift fork, the fork end of the shift fork snaps into the annular groove of the sliding guide sleeve, and can drive the key of the sliding guide sleeve to slide axially along the input shaft. The shell protects the speed change module and the output module from being polluted by the external working environment, and can also prevent the workpiece from collapsing in the event of an accident in the speed change structure. Since the support member provides radial support, the shift fork can slide on the support member more smoothly, thereby driving the key of the sliding guide sleeve to slide axially along the input shaft more stably. Since the gear shifting requires the key to slide on the input shaft and connect with the inner groove key, the radial deviation size needs to be very precise because precise alignment is required. The radial support provided by the support member reduces the radial deviation of the shift fork and allows precise gear shifting alignment.

[0008] Preferably, the shift mechanism further comprises a shift shaft and a shift knob, a long groove is provided at one end of the shift fork away from the annular groove, a boss is provided at one end of the shift shaft close to the support, the shift knob is provided at the other end of the shift shaft, and the boss is inserted into the long groove. Rotating the shift knob drives the boss to rotate, and the rotation of the boss pushes the inner side of the long groove, thereby driving the long groove on the shift fork to slide axially along the support, so that the shift fork starts to slide axially, and the sliding of the shift fork drives the key of the sliding guide sleeve to slide axially on the input shaft to different inner groove key connections to achieve gear shifting and speed change, and the rotation of the boss drives the shift fork to slide axially, so that the key can slide according to the rotation trajectory curve of the boss during gear shifting, and the gear shifting action is smooth, so the gear shifting and speed change is achieved more smoothly.

[0009] In one embodiment, the sliding guide sleeve is further provided with a spring plunger, the sliding guide sleeve is provided with a threaded hole, and the spring plunger passes through the threaded hole to press the input shaft. After the sliding guide sleeve slides to a certain position, the spring plunger presses the input shaft to fix it. During the sliding shifting process of the sliding guide sleeve, the spring plunger can press the input shaft to achieve axial fixation of the sliding guide sleeve, and the shift fork no longer bears the axial force of the sliding guide sleeve, thereby reducing the heat and wear caused by the mutual friction between the two, and ensuring smooth and stable shifting and speed change.

[0010] Preferably, the outer surface of the input shaft is provided with a groove, and the spring plunger passes through the threaded hole and is inserted into the groove. According to the gear position required for the shift, a corresponding groove is provided at the position of the corresponding input shaft, and the spring plunger is inserted into the provided groove when the sliding guide sleeve slides to the required position. During the sliding shifting process of the sliding guide sleeve, the spring plunger can be inserted into the groove to achieve axial fixation of the sliding guide sleeve, and the shift fork no longer bears the axial force of the sliding guide sleeve, thereby reducing the heat and wear caused by the mutual friction between the two, and ensuring smooth and stable shifting.

[0011] In one embodiment, a plane bearing is provided between the first inner hole and the second inner hole, the plane bearing is coaxial with the first inner hole and the second inner hole and abuts the external gear and the output module. The plane bearing is provided between the external gear and the output module and abuts the external gear and the output module. The plane bearing reduces the friction between the external gear and the output module, and at the same time supports the axial sliding of the sliding guide sleeve and bears the axial load during the gear shifting process, thereby preventing the key and the inner groove from being engaged during the gear shifting process.

[0012] In one embodiment, the external gear is a boss gear, and a first bearing is arranged on the boss of the boss gear. The first inner groove is in the first inner hole of the boss gear, the length of the key connection includes the length of the boss and the gear, and the first bearing supports the boss gear during transmission. The length of the boss lengthens the length of the key connection, so the effect of power transmission is better, the force-bearing surface is increased, and stress concentration is reduced. At the same time, the first bearing can better support the external gear during transmission.

[0013] In one embodiment, a second bearing is arranged between the inner gear and the housing, a third bearing is arranged between the end of the output module close to the second inner hole and the housing, a fourth bearing is arranged between the end of the output module away from the second inner hole and the housing, a corrugated spring is abutted between the fourth bearing and the housing, and an oil protection ring is arranged between the outer side of the housing and the output shaft. An oil protection ring is arranged between the outer side of the housing and the output shaft to prevent the oil used for lubrication in the feeder used in conjunction with the speed change structure from leaking out. The second bearing supports the inner gear during transmission, and the output shaft is connected to the second inner groove key for transmission when the output shaft is output at a constant speed. The output module is supported by a third bearing between the transmission position and the housing, and a fourth bearing is supported between the other end of the output module and the housing. The second bearing and the third bearing can provide support at the transmission position, and the fourth bearing provides support at the longer output end of the output shaft. The corrugated spring abuts the fourth bearing and the housing and adjusts the axial force on each bearing when the output shaft expands due to heat, so as to avoid the bearings from rotating unsmoothly or the operating temperature is too high due to excessive axial force, thereby reducing their service life, and ensuring the smooth output of the output module.

[0014] In one embodiment, the number of the first transmission holes and the second transmission holes is four, the four first transmission holes are four-equally divided holes distributed on the same axis as the inner gear, and the four second transmission holes are four-equally divided holes distributed on the same axis as the output shaft. When the four first transmission holes and the four second transmission holes are four-equally divided holes, power can be transmitted through the cooperation between the four transmission holes and the transmission member. The setting of the four-equally divided holes can make the power transmission more balanced and smoother, and at the same time prevent the radial load biased to one side from appearing during the power transmission process, causing damage to the shaft.

[0015] In one embodiment, the input shaft is a six-tooth spline shaft, the sliding guide sleeve is a six-tooth spline sleeve, and the six-tooth spline shaft can be axially slidably connected to the six-tooth spline sleeve. The six-tooth spline shaft and the six-tooth spline sleeve are engaged to transmit the power of the input shaft to the internal gear or the output module. The engagement of the six-tooth spline shaft and the six-tooth spline sleeve can increase the contact area, better transmit mechanical torque, and achieve better power transmission.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the transmission structure of the present invention provides more precise speed stages, has a compact and simple structure, low cost, smooth gear shifting, convenient and reliable speed change, and avoids the problem of tooth collision or even tooth breakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the assembly diagram of the transmission structure;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the input shaft and the sliding guide sleeve of the transmission structure;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the speed change module and the output module of the transmission structure;

[0020] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of a shift mechanism;

[0021] Figure 5 A perspective view of a transmission structure with a housing;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the transmission structure, motor and feeder.

[0023] The drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation modes and drawings, but the specific embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the transmission structure 40 includes an input module 10, a speed change module 20 and an output module 30. Figure 2 As shown, the input module 10 includes an input shaft 101, and the sliding guide sleeve 102 is preferably a six-tooth spline sleeve, and six equally divided key grooves 1021 are opened in the sliding guide sleeve 102. The sliding guide sleeve 102 can be any tooth spline sleeve, and a corresponding number of key grooves 1021 are opened in the sliding guide sleeve 102. The six equally divided key grooves 1021 are engaged with the six equally divided keys 1013 on the input shaft 101 to realize a key connection to transmit power. The input shaft 101 can be any tooth spline shaft, and a corresponding number of keys 1013 are correspondingly arranged on the input shaft 101. The sliding guide sleeve 102 and the input shaft 101 can also be ordinary components without key grooves and keys. The sliding guide sleeve 102 is directly sleeved on the input shaft 101 and can slide axially along the input shaft 101. The outer surface of the sliding guide sleeve 102 is provided with annular grooves 1022 and keys 1023 along the axial direction, and the number of keys 1023 is Figure 2 and Figure 3 The number shown in the figure is four, and the number of keys 1023 can be selected according to the torque to be transmitted. The sliding guide sleeve 102 also has two symmetrical threaded holes 1024, and two spring plungers 103 are installed on the threaded holes 1024. The number of threaded holes 1024 and the number of spring plungers 103 can be selected and correspond to each other according to the volume and weight of the driven parts.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the speed change module 20 includes a sliding guide sleeve 102, a gear set 205 and four transmission members 206 arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and the gear set 205 includes an outer gear 201 and an inner gear 203. The outer gear 201 is meshed with the inner gear 203 and has unequal numbers of teeth. The first inner hole 2011 of the outer gear 201 is provided with four first inner grooves 2012 corresponding to the four keys 1023 of the sliding guide sleeve 102, and the number of the keys 1023 and the number of the first inner grooves 2012 can be selected according to the torque to be transmitted and correspond to each other. The end surface of the inner gear 203 is provided with four first transmission holes 2031, the second inner hole 3011 of the output module 30 is provided with a second inner groove 3012 corresponding to the four convex keys 1023 of the sliding guide sleeve 102, and the end surface of the output module 30 is provided with four second transmission holes 3013. One end of the four transmission members 206 is fixed to the first transmission hole 2031 of the inner gear 203, and the other end is inserted into the second transmission hole 3013 of the output module 30. The first transmission hole 2031 and the second transmission hole 3013 are arranged in Figure 3The holes are divided into four equal parts along the circumferential direction, but the number of the first transmission holes 2031 can be selected according to the torque to be transmitted. The number of the transmission member 206 and the second transmission hole 3013 corresponds to the number of the first transmission hole 2031. The speed change module 20 is also provided with a first bearing 202 sleeved on the boss of the external gear 201, a second bearing 204 sleeved on the outer diameter of the internal gear 203, a plane bearing 302 supported between the external gear 201 and the output module 30, a third bearing 303 sleeved on the outer diameter of the transmission end of the output module 30, a fourth bearing 304 sleeved between the output shaft 301 and the housing 307, a corrugated spring 305 abutting between the fourth bearing 304 and the housing 307, and an oil protection ring 306 is provided between the outer side of the housing 307 and the output shaft 301.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the shift mechanism 200 includes a shift fork 207, a support member 208 fixed to a support hole 3071 of a housing 307, and a shift shaft 209 mounted on the housing 307. The U-shaped opening 2071 of the shift fork 207 is clamped on the annular groove 1022 of the sliding guide sleeve 102, the sliding sleeve 2072 fixed to the shift fork 207 is sleeved on the support member 208, and the boss 2091 of the shift shaft 209, which is eccentric to the center of the main body at the front end, is inserted into the long groove 2073 at the rear end of the shift fork 207. When the shift knob 2092 drives the shift shaft 209 to rotate 180 degrees, the rotation of the boss 2091 drives the long slot 2073 of the shift fork 207 to slide along the support member 208, and the shift fork 207 thus slides along the support member 208. The support member 208 is parallel to the input shaft 101, and the shift fork 207 drives the sliding guide sleeve 102 to slide axially, thereby achieving speed shifting. The support member 208 provides additional radial support, and the shift fork 207 can slide more stably on the support member 208, thereby driving the key 1023 of the sliding guide sleeve 102 to slide axially more stably on the input shaft 101, so that the radially deviated size can be accurately aligned. The shift mechanism 200 can also be an ordinary shift handle or any other shift mechanism.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, when the key 1023 of the sliding guide sleeve 102 and the first inner groove 2012 of the external gear 201 are engaged to form a key connection, the power of the input shaft 101 is transmitted to the external gear 201 through the key 1023, and the external gear 201 and the internal gear 203 are meshed. Due to the difference in the number of teeth between the two gears, the gear with fewer teeth drives the gear with more teeth, and the internal gear 203 changes speed and outputs, and then transmits the power to the output module 30 through the four transmission members 206 fixed on the internal gear 203. At this time, it is a shift gear. The shift mechanism 200 clamped on the annular groove 1022 of the sliding guide sleeve 102 can realize the axial sliding of the sliding guide sleeve 102. When the key 1023 of the sliding guide sleeve 102 slides to the second inner groove 3012 of the output shaft 301 to form a key connection, the power of the input shaft 101 is directly transmitted to the output shaft 301 through the key 1023. The output shaft 301 and the input shaft 101 have the same rotation speed. At this time, it is a constant speed gear. As shown Figure 2 Shown and Figure 3 As shown, when the spring plunger 103 follows the sliding guide sleeve 102 to slide axially to complete the gear shift, the ball inside it is clamped into the groove 1011 or 1012 provided on the input shaft 101 to lock the axial position of the sliding guide sleeve 102. The groove 1011 is the position of the sliding guide sleeve 102 when the key 1023 and the first inner groove 2012 of the external gear 201 are engaged to form a key connection, and the groove 1012 is the position of the sliding guide sleeve 102 when the key 1023 and the second inner groove 3012 of the output shaft 301 are engaged to form a key connection. The spring plunger 103 can also directly press the input shaft 101 to achieve axial fixation without the groove 1011 or 1012.

[0029] When multi-speed shifting is required, an additional gear set 205 with different tooth ratios including an external gear 201 and an internal gear 203 can be added axially, and the key 1023 of the sliding guide sleeve 102 slides to the axial position corresponding to the gear set 205 with different tooth ratios (i.e., different gears) to achieve speed shifting of different gear sets, thereby achieving speed shifting of more gears.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the transmission structure 40 is installed in the housing 307 as a whole. The housing protects the input module 10, the speed change module 20 and the output module 30 from being polluted by the external working environment, and can prevent the workpiece from collapsing in the event of an accident in the speed change structure. Figure 6 As shown, the transmission structure 40 can be used in conjunction with the motor 50 and the feeder 60 , and is adaptable to various types of motors 50 and feeders 60 .

[0031] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transmission structure, comprising an input module, a speed change module and an output module, wherein the input module comprises an input shaft, and the output module comprises an output shaft, wherein: The speed change module comprises a sliding guide sleeve, a shifting mechanism, a gear set and a transmission member arranged in sequence along the axial direction, the gear set comprises an outer gear and an inner gear meshing with each other, and the number of teeth of the outer gear is not equal to the number of teeth of the inner gear; the sliding guide sleeve can be axially slidably sleeved on the input shaft, the outer surface of the sliding guide sleeve is sequentially provided with an annular groove and a key along the axial direction, the shifting mechanism is engaged with the annular groove, the inner gear is provided with a first transmission hole, the output module is provided with a second transmission hole, the transmission member connects the first transmission hole and the second transmission hole, the outer gear is provided with a first inner hole, the first inner hole is provided with a first inner groove, the output shaft is provided with a second inner hole, the second inner hole is provided with a second inner groove, the first inner hole is coaxial with the second inner hole, the key is connected to the outer gear key through the first inner groove or the second inner groove is connected to the output shaft key; It also includes a housing, the speed change module and the output module are installed in the housing, a support hole parallel to the sliding guide sleeve is opened on the side of the housing close to the input module, the shift mechanism includes a support member, a sliding sleeve and a shift fork, the support member is fixedly inserted into the support hole, and the shift fork is axially slidably sleeved on the support member through the sliding sleeve and is engaged with the annular groove; The shift mechanism further comprises a shift shaft and a shift knob, wherein a long groove is formed at one end of the shift fork away from the ring groove, a boss is formed at one end of the shift shaft close to the support member, and the shift knob is disposed at the other end of the shift shaft, and the boss is inserted into the long groove; The sliding guide sleeve is also provided with a spring plunger. The sliding guide sleeve is provided with a threaded hole. The spring plunger passes through the threaded hole to press the input shaft.

2. The transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the input shaft is provided with a groove, and the spring plunger passes through the threaded hole and is inserted into the groove.

3. The transmission structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plane bearing is disposed between the first inner hole and the second inner hole. The plane bearing is coaxial with the first inner hole and the second inner hole and abuts against the external gear and the output module.

4. The transmission structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The external gear is a boss gear, and a first bearing is arranged on the boss of the boss gear.

5. The transmission structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A second bearing is arranged between the internal gear and the housing, a third bearing is arranged between the housing and one end of the output module close to the second inner hole, a fourth bearing is arranged between the housing and one end of the output module away from the second inner hole, a corrugated spring is abutted between the fourth bearing and the housing, and an oil protection ring is arranged between the outer side of the housing and the output shaft.

6. The transmission structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number of the first transmission holes and the second transmission holes is four, the four first transmission holes are four equally divided holes distributed on the same axis as the inner gear, and the four second transmission holes are four equally divided holes distributed on the same axis as the output shaft.

7. The transmission structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The input shaft is a six-tooth spline shaft, the sliding guide sleeve is a six-tooth spline sleeve, and the six-tooth spline shaft can be axially slidably connected to the six-tooth spline sleeve.

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