A comprehensive experimental platform for structural experimental teaching

Abstract

A comprehensive experimental platform for structural experimental teaching, including a base, a loading bracket installed on the base for installing a jack, and a pedestal installed on the base and arranged on both sides of the loading bracket for supporting a test piece, the loading bracket includes four columns arranged in a rectangular shape, two adjacent columns form a group, and a load beam is installed on the top respectively, and a loading beam is installed between the two load beams, and the lower part of the loading beam is connected to a sensor and a jack through a vertical adjustment device, and an integrated support is installed on the pedestal at the position where the test piece is supported, and the test piece is supported on the pedestal through the integrated support, and a magnetic table and a dynamometer are also provided on the pedestal, and a ruler for measuring the span of the test piece and a centering ruler for centering the test piece during installation are also provided on the pedestal. The present invention is an assembled structure, so it is convenient to transport, and is installed by on-site assembly, and is not limited by on-site facility conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a comprehensive experimental platform for structural experimental teaching. Background Art

[0002] "Structural Test" is one of the main courses for undergraduate teaching in civil engineering and is a compulsory course. Among them, the bending test of concrete structure is one of the main courses of "Structural Test". Through the study of this course, students can have an intuitive understanding of the failure form of civil engineering structures, and can combine the theoretical knowledge learned with practice, which further deepens the grasp of theoretical knowledge and also lays a solid foundation for future postgraduate studies. Although the existing structural experimental teaching platform can achieve the purpose of experimental teaching, it still has many shortcomings, mainly the following points:

[0003] 1. The experimental platform adopts a two-column form, and the column is exactly in the middle of the experimental platform. During the loading process of the test beam, it is inconvenient to observe the cracks of the test beam.

[0004] 2. Except for the loading beam, the experimental platform is all welded, which makes the device large and heavy, and inconvenient to transport. When the height of the specimen changes, the height of the loading beam is inconvenient to adjust.

[0005] 3. The experimental platform is not designed to be centered, making test centering difficult.

[0006] 4. The connectors for installing the sensor and the jack on the loading beam are relatively simple. When processing errors occur, the jack cannot guarantee verticality and is difficult to adjust. Due to the use of two columns, only the horizontal verticality can be observed, but not the vertical verticality. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art and provides a comprehensive experimental platform for structural experimental teaching which is simple in structure and easy to carry, and can be applied to bending tests of small concrete beams, tests of small columns, and experiments of various small specimens.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a comprehensive experimental platform for structural experiment teaching, comprising a base, a loading bracket installed on the base for installing a jack, and a pedestal installed on the base, arranged on both sides of the loading bracket, and used to support a test piece, the loading bracket comprising four columns arranged in a rectangular shape, two adjacent columns forming a group, with load-sharing beams installed on the tops respectively, a loading crossbeam installed between the two load-sharing beams, the lower part of the loading crossbeam being connected to a sensor and a jack through a verticality adjustment device, an integrated support is installed on the pedestal at a position where the test piece is supported, the test piece is supported on the pedestal through the integrated support, and the bottom The base is also provided with a magnetic base and a force gauge. The magnetic base is used to set up a displacement sensor. The displacement sensor is in contact with the specimen, so that the displacement of the specimen during loading can be measured. The force gauge is connected to the force sensor via a data line, and is used to measure the force value during the specimen loading process. The base is also provided with a ruler for measuring the span of the specimen and a centering ruler for centering the specimen during installation. The centering line on the base is aligned with the ruler on the base for measuring the span of the specimen. During the installation of the specimen, ensure that the span marking line on the specimen is aligned with the centering line on the base, and use the centering ruler to further center the specimen, so as to meet the needs of experimental observation.

[0009] In this embodiment, the loading bracket and the pedestal can be detachably mounted on the base.

[0010] In this embodiment, a plurality of mounting holes are vertically arranged on the column at the mounting position of the load-sharing beam, the load-sharing beam is mounted on the column by bolts, and the mounting holes are used to adjust the vertical position of the load-sharing beam on the column.

[0011] In this embodiment, the loading beam includes two channel steels, end plates and steel plates. The webs of the two channel steels are aligned and connected to each other. The two ends of the two channel steels are welded with end plates, and the steel plates of matching sizes are welded to the upper and lower flanges of the two channel steels.

[0012] In this embodiment, a cavity is provided at the center of the column for the jack oil pipe to pass through.

[0013] The camming mechanism can be realized by the movable base and the fixed base being arranged on a circle, and the movable base and the fixed base being arranged on a circle. The groove plate of the upper support plate is provided with a detachable fixed block, the fixed blocks of the movable support are arranged on both sides of the roller and a spacing for the roller to roll horizontally is provided between the fixed blocks and the roller, the fixed blocks on the fixed support are arranged on both sides of the roller to limit the horizontal rolling of the roller. When in a fixed state, the upper ends of the fixed plates on the movable support and the fixed support are pinned to the groove plate of the upper support plate to limit the horizontal movement and rotation of the upper support plate relative to the lower support plate. When in a working state, the upper ends of the fixed plates on the movable support and the fixed support are not pinned to the groove plate of the upper support plate, so that the upper support plate can move and rotate horizontally relative to the lower support plate. The function of the fixing plate is to ensure that the upper support plate is always in a flat state and will not shake up and down. At the same time, the upper and lower support plates are connected as a whole through the fixing plate, so that when the integrated support is installed during the installation of the specimen, the horizontal position of the upper and lower support plates is fixed, which is convenient for installation and adjustment. In addition, after the specimen is installed, because the upper support plate has been subjected to force, the fixing plate can be removed by removing the slot plate.

[0014] In this embodiment, the centering ruler includes a fixed ruler, a movable ruler, a centering head, a fixing bolt and a reference centering head. The fixed ruler and the movable ruler are provided with corresponding scales on their outer sides. The fixed ruler is provided with a slide groove matching the size of the movable ruler. One end of the movable ruler is slidably installed in the fixed ruler, and the other end is fixed with a reference centering head. The fixed ruler is threadedly connected with a fixing bolt for locking the sliding position of the movable ruler in the fixed ruler, and the middle of the fixed ruler is provided with a centering head. The addition of the centering ruler technology facilitates the centering of the specimen. The loading beam is provided with a position for connecting the sensor and the top.

[0015] In this embodiment, movable rulers are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the fixed ruler, and the movable rulers are slidably installed in the sliding grooves of the fixed ruler.

[0016] In this embodiment, the verticality adjustment device includes a mounting seat fixed on the loading beam and a ball joint shaft installed in the mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with an open ball joint groove, the ball joint head of the ball joint shaft is installed in the ball joint groove, the connecting head end of the ball joint shaft extends out of the mounting seat, and four locking holes arranged in the horizontal direction and connected to the ball joint groove are provided on the mounting seat with the ball joint shaft as the center. The ball joint shaft is locked in the ball joint groove by a screw threaded in the locking hole, and the verticality of the jack can be conveniently adjusted by the verticality adjustment device.

[0017] In this embodiment, it also includes a beam erection device, which includes a beam, a beam erection support, a pulley and a manual hoist. The beam is divided into two sections, one section is installed on the load-bearing beam, and the other section is supported on a lifting rod on the beam erection support. The two beam erection sections are connected by a fixed sleeve, a pulley is installed on the beam, and a manual hoist is installed on the pulley.

[0018] With the above structure, the device adopts a four-column form, two groups of columns form a group, the space between the two groups of columns forms a loading area, and a gap is provided between the two groups of columns, thereby forming an observation window for observing the loading area, which is convenient for observing the mid-span cracks of the test beam and the shape changes of the column during loading, and convenient for correcting the verticality of the loading jack in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The centering ruler and scale are used to facilitate the centering of the test piece during installation. Since the four columns are detachably connected to the base, and the load-sharing beam and the column are also detachably connected, the height of the loading beam and the load-sharing beam can be conveniently adjusted. A span scale is installed on the base, and the position of the pedestal can be accurately adjusted according to the span of the test piece, which is convenient for the installation of the support and the test piece. The oil pipe of the jack extends into the cavity of the column, which can effectively protect the oil pipe and is more beautiful. The device is a prefabricated structure, so it is easy to transport and is installed by on-site assembly, which is not restricted by on-site facility conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a left view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the movable support of the present invention in a fixed state.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the movable support of the present invention in a working state.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the movable support of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed support of the present invention in a fixed state.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed support of the present invention in a working state.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixed support of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the centering ruler of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of another centering ruler of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the verticality adjustment device of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting base of the verticality adjustment device of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball joint shaft of the verticality adjustment device of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Description of the drawings: 1. Beam; 2. Pulley; 3. Manual hoist; 4. Beam support; 5. Load-shafting beam; 6. Column; 7. Vertical adjustment device; 71. Mounting seat; 72. Ball joint shaft; 73. Ball joint groove; 74. Locking hole; 75. Ball joint head; 76. Connector; 8. Jack; 9. Base; 10. Ruler; 11. Magnetic meter base; 12. Meter stand; 13. Integrated support; 131. Upper support Seat plate; 132, lower support plate; 133, roller; 134, fixed block; 135, stopper; 136, fixed plate; 137, slot plate; 138, movable support; 134, fixed support; 14, pedestal; 15, dynamometer; 16, test piece; 17, fixed sleeve; 18, protective cover; 21, fixed ruler; 22, movable ruler; 23, centering head; 24, fixing bolt; 25, reference centering head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, a comprehensive experimental platform for structural experimental teaching includes a base 9, a beam-mounting device, a loading bracket installed on the base 9 for installing a jack 8, and a pedestal 14 installed on the base 9 and arranged on both sides of the loading bracket for supporting a test piece 16. The loading bracket and the pedestal 14 are both detachably installed on the base 9. The loading bracket includes four columns 6 arranged in a rectangular shape. The center of the column 6 is provided with a cavity for the oil pipe of the jack 8 to pass through. Two adjacent columns 6 form a group, and a load-sharing beam 5 is installed on the top respectively. The load-sharing beam 5 is composed of end plates welded at both ends of a channel steel. A loading crossbeam is installed between the two load-sharing beams 5. The bottom of the loading crossbeam is connected to the jack 8 through a verticality adjustment device 7, as shown in FIG. Figure 11-13 As shown, the verticality adjustment device includes a mounting seat 71 fixed on the loading beam and a ball joint shaft installed in the mounting seat 71, a ball joint groove 73 with an opening facing in the mounting seat 71 is provided in the mounting seat 71, a ball joint head 75 of the ball joint shaft is installed in the ball joint groove 73, and a connecting head 76 end of the ball joint shaft extends out of the mounting seat 71, and four locking holes 74 arranged in the horizontal direction are provided on the mounting seat 71 with the ball joint shaft as the center, which are connected to the ball joint groove 73, and the ball joint shaft is locked in the ball joint groove 73 by a screw threadedly connected in the locking hole 74;

[0040] like Figure 4-Figure 9As shown, an integrated support 13 is installed on the pedestal 14 at the position where the specimen 16 is supported, and the integrated support 13 includes a movable support 138 and a fixed support 134, and the movable support 138 and the fixed support 134 are respectively installed on a pedestal, and the movable support 138 and the fixed support 134 each include an upper support plate 131, a lower support plate 132, a roller 133, a stopper, a fixed block 134, a fixed plate 136 and a slot plate 137, the The upper support plate 131 is fixed with a stopper 135 on both sides of the roller 133. A spacing is provided between the stopper 135 and the roller 133 for the roller 133 to roll horizontally. The stopper 135 limits the rolling range of the roller 133. The upper support plate 131 and the lower support plate 132 are both detachably mounted with a slot plate 137. The lower end of the fixing plate 136 is rotatably connected to the slot plate 137 of the lower support plate 132. The upper end of the pin 6 is connected to the groove plate 137 of the upper support plate 131, and the lower support plate 132 is provided with a detachable fixed block 134. The fixed blocks 134 of the movable support 138 are arranged on both sides of the roller 133, and a spacing for the horizontal rolling of the roller 133 is provided between the fixed blocks 134 and the roller 133. The fixed blocks 134 on the fixed support 134 are arranged on both sides of the roller 133 to limit the horizontal rolling of the roller 133. When in the fixed state, The upper ends of the movable support 138 and the fixed plate 136 on the fixed support 134 are pinned to the slot plate 137 of the upper support plate 131, limiting the horizontal movement and rotation of the upper support plate 131 relative to the lower support plate 132. In the working state, the upper ends of the movable support 138 and the fixed plate 136 on the fixed support 134 are not pinned to the slot plate 137 of the upper support plate 131, so that the upper support plate 131 can move and rotate horizontally relative to the lower support plate 132.

[0041] The two sides of the test piece 16 are supported on two pedestals 14 respectively through fixed supports and movable supports. The pedestals are engraved with centering lines. The base is provided with a scale for measuring the span of the test piece and a centering ruler for centering the test piece during installation. The centering ruler includes a fixed ruler 21, a movable ruler 22, a centering head 23, a fixing bolt 24 and a reference centering head 25. The outer sides of the fixed ruler 21 and the movable ruler 22 are provided with corresponding scales. The fixed ruler 21 is provided with a slide groove matching the size of the movable ruler 22. One end of the movable ruler 22 is slidably installed in the fixed ruler 21, and the other end is fixed with a reference centering head 25. The fixed ruler 21 is threadedly connected with a fixing bolt 24 for locking the sliding position of the movable ruler 22 in the fixed ruler 21. The middle part of the fixed ruler 21 is provided with a centering head 23.

[0042] In order to facilitate the installation of test pieces, a beam erection device is provided, and the beam erection device is connected to the load-bearing beam of the experimental platform; the beam erection device includes a beam erection 1, a beam erection support 4, a pulley 2 and a manual hoist 3, the beam erection is divided into two sections, one section is installed on the load-bearing beam, and the other section is supported on the lifting rod on the beam erection support 4, the two beam erection sections are connected by a fixed sleeve, a pulley is installed on the beam erection, a manual hoist 3 is installed on the pulley, and the beam erection support 4 is a liftable support.

[0043] The column 6 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the vertical direction at the mounting position of the load-sharing beam 5 . The load-sharing beam 5 is mounted on the column 6 by bolts. The mounting holes are used to adjust the vertical position of the load-sharing beam 5 on the column 6 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the base of the device is 2m long, 0.95m wide, and 1.93m high, with a designed bearing capacity of 20 tons. The four-column form is used to facilitate the observation of the mid-span cracks of the test beam and the loading of the columns during the loading process. The device is assembled by bolting each independent component. Four pedestals are installed on the base. Each pedestal is engraved with a centering line for locating the position of the support and the centering of the test piece. The pedestal is used to place the support and adjust the span. There are two large pedestals and two small pedestals. The large pedestal is used to place large-span test pieces, and the small pedestal is used to place small-span test pieces and install the magnetic table stand. When there is a ground trench on site, the base can be fixed by the ground trench fixing seat.

[0045] In this embodiment, the integrated support is a new type of support different from the traditional support. When not in use, it is connected as a whole by connecting parts for easy storage. When in working state, unscrew the connecting parts, and the integrated support is composed of an upper support plate, a lower support plate, rollers, a groove plate, a fixing plate, bolts, etc. The upper and lower supports and the rollers are connected together by the fixing plate to facilitate the installation of the specimen. When the position of the specimen is determined, the fixing plate is loosened or removed, and the support is in working state.

[0046] like Fig.10 , 11 As shown, in this embodiment, two types of center rulers are designed, such as Fig.11 The one-sided type is shown. Fig.10 The one shown is a symmetrical type. The symmetrical centering ruler includes a fixed ruler, a centering head, a left movable ruler, and a right movable ruler. The front side plate of the fixed ruler is marked with scales and equipped with fixing bolts. The centering head is installed at the lower end of the fixed ruler. The centering head is in the shape of an angle iron with a centering line engraved in the middle. The movable ruler is marked with scales, and reference centering heads are installed at the upper and lower ends. When in use, draw the reference centering line on the column of the experimental platform, adjust the scale of the centering ruler according to the width between the two opposite columns, align the reference centering head of the centering ruler with the reference centering line, move the centering ruler up and down, and observe whether the centering head on the centering ruler is aligned with the centering mark line of the specimen, otherwise adjust the specimen.

[0047] The table stand is welded from 4 steel plates, and 4 bolts are installed on the bottom plate for leveling the table stand.

[0048] When in use, hoist the specimen on the beam device, pull up the manual hoist, lift the specimen to a suitable height, move the pulley, send the specimen into the experimental platform, pull the hand hoist, lower the specimen, and land it on the integrated support. Use the centering ruler to center the specimen. After the specimen is centered, install the loading beam, install the loading beam on the support above the specimen, install the jack and displacement sensor, place two integrated supports above the specimen, and place the loading beam above the two integrated supports, so that the jack transmits the force to the specimen through the loading beam integrated support, then connect the dynamometer, connect the strain gauge line, debug the test instrument, and start loading.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] like Fig.15 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that this embodiment is a column loading mode. For safety reasons, a protective cover 18 and a protective door are installed on the column. The protective cover 18 and the protective door form a loading area surrounded by four columns. When loading, the protective door can be opened to facilitate observation of the stress condition of the specimen. When it is close to destruction, the protective door is closed to ensure safety.

[0051] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts and welding in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive experimental platform for structural experimental teaching, characterized by: The invention comprises a base (9), a loading bracket installed on the base (9) and used to install a jack (8), and a pedestal (14) installed on the base (9) and arranged on both sides of the loading bracket and used to support a test piece (16), wherein the loading bracket comprises four upright columns (6) arranged in a rectangular shape, two adjacent upright columns (6) form a group, and each of the upper and lower parts of the loading bracket is provided with a load-sharing beam (5), and a loading crossbeam is installed between the two load-sharing beams (5), and the lower part of the loading crossbeam is connected to the sensor through a verticality adjustment device (7). The sensor is connected to the jack (8) through a connecting piece, an integrated support (13) is installed on the pedestal (14) at a position where the test piece (16) is supported, the test piece (16) is supported on the pedestal (14) through the integrated support (13), a magnetic table base (11) and a force gauge (15) are also provided on the pedestal (14), and a scale (10) for measuring the span of the test piece (16) and a centering ruler (17) for centering the test piece (16) during installation are also provided on the base (9); The loading bracket and the pedestal (14) are both detachably mounted on the base (9); The verticality adjustment device comprises a mounting seat (71) fixed on the loading crossbeam and a ball joint shaft mounted in the mounting seat (71); a ball joint groove (73) with an opening facing downward is provided in the mounting seat (71); a ball joint head (75) of the ball joint shaft is installed in the ball joint groove (73); a connecting head (76) of the ball joint shaft extends out of the mounting seat (71); four locking holes (74) arranged in a horizontal direction and connected to the ball joint groove (73) are provided on the mounting seat (71) with the ball joint shaft as the center; the ball joint shaft is locked in the ball joint groove (73) by a screw threadedly connected in the locking hole (74).

2. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to claim 1 is characterized by: The column (6) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes arranged vertically at the mounting position of the load-sharing beam (5); the load-sharing beam (5) is mounted on the column (6) by means of bolts; and the mounting holes are used to adjust the vertical position of the load-sharing beam (5) on the column (6).

3. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to claim 1 is characterized by: The loading beam comprises two channel steels, end plates and steel plates. The webs of the two channel steels are aligned and connected to each other. The two ends of the two channel steels are welded with end plates for connection. The steel plates of matching sizes are welded to the upper and lower flanges of the two channel steels.

4. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to claim 1 is characterized by: A cavity is provided at the center of the column (6) for the oil pipe of the jack (8) to pass through.

5. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to claim 1 is characterized by: The integrated support (13) comprises a movable support (138) and a fixed support (139), wherein the movable support (138) and the fixed support (139) are respectively mounted on two pedestals, wherein the movable support (138) and the fixed support (139) each comprise an upper support plate (131), a lower support plate (132), a roller (133), a stopper (135), a fixed block (134), a fixed plate (136) and a groove plate (137), wherein the upper support plate (131) is fixed with a plurality of movable support plates (138) on both sides of the roller (133). A stopper (135) is provided between the stopper (135) and the roller (133) so as to allow the roller (133) to roll horizontally. The stopper (135) limits the rolling range of the roller (133). Both ends of the upper support plate (131) and the lower support plate (132) are detachably provided with a groove plate (137). The lower end of the fixing plate (136) is rotatably connected to the groove plate (137) of the lower support plate (132). The upper end of the fixing plate (136) is pinned to the upper support plate (131). 31), the lower support plate (132) is provided with a detachable fixed block (134), the fixed blocks (134) of the movable support (138) are arranged on both sides of the roller (133), and a spacing for horizontal rolling of the roller (133) is provided between the fixed blocks (134) and the roller (133), the fixed blocks (134) on the fixed support (139) are arranged on both sides of the roller (133) to limit the horizontal rolling of the roller (133), and when in a fixed state, the movable support (138) The upper ends of the fixed plates (136) on the movable supports (138) and the fixed supports (139) are pin-connected to the groove plates (137) of the upper support plates (131), limiting the horizontal movement and rotation of the upper support plates (131) relative to the lower support plates (132). When in working state, the upper ends of the fixed plates (136) on the movable supports (138) and the fixed supports (139) are not pin-connected to the groove plates (137) of the upper support plates (131), so that the upper support plates (131) can move and rotate horizontally relative to the lower support plates (132).

6. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to claim 5 is characterized by: The centering ruler comprises a fixed ruler (21), a movable ruler (22), a centering head (23), a fixing bolt (24) and a reference centering head (25); the outer sides of the fixed ruler (21) and the movable ruler (22) are provided with corresponding scales; a sliding groove matching the size of the movable ruler (22) is provided in the fixed ruler (21); one end of the movable ruler (22) is slidably mounted in the fixed ruler (21); the other end is fixed with a reference centering head (25); a fixing bolt (24) for locking the position of the movable ruler (22) in the fixed ruler (21) is threadedly connected to the fixed ruler (21); and the centering head (23) is provided in the middle of the fixed ruler (21).

7. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to claim 6 is characterized by: The two ends of the fixed ruler (21) are symmetrically provided with movable rulers (22), and the movable rulers (22) are slidably mounted in the sliding grooves of the fixed ruler (21).

8. The structural experiment teaching comprehensive experimental platform according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a beam erection device, which includes a beam erection device (1), a beam erection support (4), a pulley (2) and a manual hoist (3). The beam erection device is divided into two sections, one section is installed on the load-sharing beam, and the other section is supported on a lifting rod on the beam erection support (4). The two sections of the beam erection device are connected by a fixing sleeve. A pulley is installed on the beam erection device, and a manual hoist (3) is installed on the pulley. The beam erection support (4) is a liftable support.

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