Method and system for recovering vehicle braking energy and vehicle including the system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for recovering braking energy of a vehicle, the method comprising: acquiring environmental information of the vehicle and information of the vehicle itself in real time; planning a vehicle speed curve for a period of time in the future based on the acquired environmental information and information of the vehicle itself; calculating a curve of regenerative braking power changing over time in the future based on the vehicle speed information and environmental information in the future; calculating a curve of maximum possible regenerative braking residual power changing over time in the future based on the regenerative braking power and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, the regenerative braking residual power can be consumed by electrical appliances of the vehicle; and inputting the regenerative braking power into the electrical appliances of the vehicle according to the calculated maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve. The present invention also relates to a vehicle including the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and system for recovering the braking energy of a vehicle, and more specifically to a method and system for recovering the braking energy of a vehicle through the electrical appliances of the vehicle by comprehensively utilizing road environment information and a model prediction algorithm. The present invention also relates to a vehicle including such a system. Background Art

[0002] Patent document US 10392018B1 discloses a vehicle and a regenerative braking control system for the vehicle, and proposes to use the braking recovery energy that cannot be charged into the battery for an electric heater or an electric compressor to do work, thereby meeting the heating and cooling needs of the vehicle. The vehicle includes a motor, a coolant circuit, a refrigerant circuit, and a controller. The motor is configured to charge the battery via regenerative braking. The coolant circuit has an electric heater. The refrigerant circuit has an electric compressor. The controller is programmed to direct the regenerative braking power to the heater instead of the compressor in response to the capacity of the battery receiving power being less than the available regenerative braking power and the ambient air temperature being lower than a first threshold. The controller is also programmed to direct the regenerative braking power to the compressor instead of the heater in response to the capacity of the battery receiving power being less than the available regenerative braking power and the ambient air temperature exceeding a second threshold greater than the first threshold.

[0003] Patent document CN 105189180A discloses an energy management system for a non-rail vehicle, the vehicle comprising a power collector for intermittently collecting power from an external power supply rail during driving of the vehicle. The energy management system is arranged to distribute power from the power collector to at least one electric auxiliary load of the vehicle when collecting power from the external power supply rail. The energy management system comprises a control unit configured to control an operating characteristic of at least one auxiliary load depending on whether the vehicle is operating in a power collection mode or in a non-power collection mode.

[0004] Patent document JP 2019-115126A discloses an electric vehicle, which includes an electric motor, a power storage device, a control device and a refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a first indoor heat exchanger and a heating pressure reducing valve. The heating pressure reducing valve changes the flow path resistance between the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger. When the remaining capacity of the power storage device is above a specified value, the control device increases the flow path resistance using the heating pressure reducing valve.

[0005] The above-mentioned existing technical solutions consider using the energy that can be recovered by braking in current electric vehicles to work in electric heaters or electric compressors, providing the heat energy required for vehicle thermal management, thereby improving braking energy recovery and extending the driving range. However, the above-mentioned existing technical solutions do not predict the recoverable braking energy in the future for a long period of time, making it difficult to achieve energy distribution optimization during the complete driving process.

[0006] In addition, the power motor of an electric vehicle can be used as an electric motor to output driving torque during movement, or as a generator to convert the mechanical energy generated by the braking torque into electrical energy and store it in a high-voltage battery. Considering some limitations of the motor as a generator to recover braking energy, such as the maximum torque allowed by the motor, the maximum charging power of the battery, the power limit of the load electrical appliances, driving comfort and safety, etc., the braking power of an electric vehicle can be expressed as the following formula:

[0007] P B =P RB +P MB (1)

[0008] Among them, P B is the total power required for electric vehicle braking, P RB is the power that can be recovered through motor regenerative braking, P MB It is the power provided by the brake to supplement the motor regenerative braking. RB When the maximum torque allowed by the motor or the maximum charging power of the battery is limited, the remaining braking energy can only be consumed by the brake, so the braking energy is difficult to be fully utilized. The maximum charging power of the battery is limited to P RB The battery charging power is an important factor because it is affected by the battery temperature and the battery state of charge (SOC). At low and high temperatures, the maximum charging power of the battery will be less than the maximum charging power at normal temperature. When the temperature is too low, charging of the battery is not even allowed. When the SOC is high, the battery does not allow a large charging power. The higher the SOC, the smaller the allowed charging power. When the SOC approaches 100%, the allowed charging power approaches 0 kW.

[0009] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a method and system for recovering vehicle braking energy by utilizing the electrical appliances of a vehicle (especially a new energy vehicle, such as an electric vehicle) based on vehicle environmental information, so as to solve the problem that braking energy recovery of current electric vehicles is limited when the temperature is low and the battery SOC is too high. This method and system can not only improve the braking energy recovery during vehicle braking, reduce the energy used in the power battery to meet the needs of vehicle thermal management, thereby extending the vehicle's cruising range, but also reduce the frequency of using the brakes, thereby reducing brake wear and extending the life of the brakes.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for recovering braking energy of a vehicle is provided, the method comprising:

[0012] Obtain the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information in real time;

[0013] Plan the vehicle speed curve for a period of time in the future based on the acquired environmental information and the vehicle's own information;

[0014] Characterized in that the method further comprises:

[0015] Calculating a curve of regenerative braking power changing with time in the future period of time based on the vehicle speed information and environmental information in the future period of time;

[0016] Calculating a time-varying curve of the maximum possible regenerative braking surplus power in the future period of time based on the regenerative braking power and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, wherein the regenerative braking surplus power can be consumed by electrical appliances of the vehicle; and

[0017] The regenerative braking power is input into the vehicle's electrical consumers according to the calculated maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve.

[0018] This method can effectively solve the problem of limited braking energy recovery in electric vehicles at low temperatures and when the battery SOC is too high, and significantly improve the braking energy recovery during vehicle braking.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment, the method comprises:

[0020] Calculating the power demand of the electrical appliance;

[0021] Adjusting (eg, reducing) the current power of the electrical consumer based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and

[0022] The regenerative braking power is input into the electrical consumer within the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electrical consumer.

[0023] As a result, more regenerative braking power can be utilized in vehicle thermal management and less battery electrical energy can be used.

[0024] According to an advantageous embodiment, the electrical consumer is an electric heater, and the method comprises:

[0025] Calculate the power requirements of electric heaters;

[0026] reducing the current power of the electric heater based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and

[0027] The regenerative braking power is input into the electric heater during the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electric heater.

[0028] As a result, more of the regenerative braking power can be used for heating while less energy from the battery is used for heating.

[0029] The environmental information mentioned above may include the road slope value, the road rolling resistance coefficient, curves, traffic congestion, intersections, and / or speed limit sections, etc.

[0030] According to an advantageous embodiment, the maximum allowed charging power of the battery is calculated based on the real-time temperature of the battery and the state of charge of the battery.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment, the regenerative braking power in the future period is calculated by the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] F r = mgf cos α

[0034] F s = mg sin α

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] P e =P m -P l

[0038] Among them, T m is the torque of the motor, i0 is the transmission ratio of the powertrain, η T is the mechanical efficiency of the powertrain, r is the wheel radius, F a is the air resistance, F r is the rolling resistance, F s is the slope resistance, m is the total mass of the vehicle, is the vehicle acceleration, g is the gravity constant, f is the road rolling resistance coefficient, α is the road slope angle, C d is the air resistance coefficient, A is the frontal area of ​​the vehicle, P m is the mechanical power during motor regenerative braking, v is the vehicle speed, P l is the power lost during the power generation process, P e is the regenerative braking power that needs to be calculated.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present invention, a system for recovering braking energy of a vehicle is provided, the system comprising:

[0040] An information collection module is used to obtain the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information in real time;

[0041] The vehicle speed planning module is used to plan the vehicle speed curve for a period of time in the future based on the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information;

[0042] The computing module is configured as follows:

[0043] - calculating a curve of regenerative braking power changing with time in the future period of time based on the vehicle speed information and environmental information in the future period of time; and

[0044] - calculating a time-varying curve of the maximum possible regenerative braking surplus power in the future period based on the regenerative braking power and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, wherein the regenerative braking surplus power can be consumed by electrical appliances of the vehicle; and

[0045] A control module inputs the regenerative braking power to the electrical consumers of the vehicle according to the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve from the calculation module.

[0046] According to an advantageous embodiment, the calculation module is further configured to calculate the power demand of the electrical appliance, and the control module is configured to:

[0047] adjusting the current power of the electrical appliance based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and

[0048] The regenerative braking power is input into the electrical consumer within the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electrical consumer.

[0049] According to an advantageous embodiment, the electrical appliance is an electric heater, wherein the calculation module is further configured to calculate the power requirement of the electric heater, and the control module is configured to:

[0050] reducing the current power of the electric heater based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and

[0051] The regenerative braking power is input into the electric heater during the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electric heater.

[0052] According to an advantageous embodiment, the calculation module is configured to calculate the maximum allowable charging power of the battery based on the real-time temperature of the battery and the state of charge of the battery.

[0053] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising the system as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawings. The drawings and the corresponding embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system for recovering vehicle braking energy according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recovering vehicle braking energy according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth so that those skilled in the art can more fully understand and implement the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented without some of these specific details. In addition, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. On the contrary, any combination of the features and elements described below may be considered to implement the present invention, regardless of whether they relate to different embodiments. Therefore, the following aspects, features, embodiments and advantages are for illustrative purposes only and should not be regarded as elements or limitations of the claims unless clearly stated in the claims.

[0058] Figure 1 The system for recovering vehicle braking energy according to the present invention is schematically shown. The vehicle may be a new energy vehicle, such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The vehicle includes a motor, which is configured to charge a battery via regenerative braking when the vehicle brakes. The system for recovering vehicle braking energy mainly includes an information collection module, a vehicle speed planning module, a calculation module, and a control module.

[0059] The information collection module is configured to obtain the vehicle's environmental information (vehicle front road information and map positioning information) in real time. By introducing high-precision map data information stored in the cloud, locally or obtained through the Internet of Vehicles, and in conjunction with the vehicle positioning system, it is possible to obtain real-time static and dynamic information about the road ahead of the vehicle. Environmental information includes road slope values, road rolling resistance coefficients, curves, traffic congestion, intersections, speed limit sections, etc. In addition, the information collection module is also configured to obtain information about the vehicle itself, including vehicle mass (vehicle curb mass), wheel radius, powertrain transmission ratio, powertrain mechanical efficiency, etc.

[0060] The speed planning module is configured to plan the speed curve for a period of time in the future based on the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information. Speed ​​planning based on environmental information has been used in many applications to achieve functions such as assisted driving, automatic driving, navigation planning, and energy optimization management. Speed ​​planning can output an optimized future driving speed curve of the vehicle.

[0061] Since the environmental information during the vehicle driving process is constantly changing, the future period can be set to a few minutes, such as 2 minutes. In other words, the vehicle speed curve in the next few minutes can be planned through the vehicle speed planning module.

[0062] The calculation module is configured to calculate a curve of the regenerative braking power changing with time in the future period of time based on the vehicle speed information and environmental information in the future period of time, and to calculate a curve of the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power changing with time in the future period of time based on the regenerative braking power and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, and the regenerative braking residual power can be consumed by the electrical appliances of the vehicle.

[0063] For example, the regenerative braking power of the motor in the future can be calculated by importing the planned vehicle speed in the future into the vehicle dynamics model. First, the motor torque demand T is calculated using the following vehicle dynamics equation: m :

[0064]

[0065] F r = mgf cos α (3)

[0066] F s = mg sin α (4)

[0067]

[0068] Among them, T m is the torque of the motor, i0 is the transmission ratio of the powertrain, η Tis the mechanical efficiency of the powertrain, r is the wheel radius, F a is the air resistance, F r is the rolling resistance, F s is the slope resistance, m is the total mass of the vehicle, is the vehicle acceleration, g is the gravity constant, f is the road rolling resistance coefficient, α is the road slope angle, C d is the air resistance coefficient and A is the frontal area of ​​the vehicle.

[0069] When the motor is used as a generator to achieve regenerative braking, the mechanical power and electrical power have the following relationship:

[0070]

[0071] P e =P m -P l (7)

[0072] Among them, P m is the mechanical power during motor regenerative braking, P e is the regenerative braking power (electric power), P l is the power lost during the power generation process, which can be obtained by looking up the table based on the future motor speed and the calculated motor torque. Here, we assume that all the vehicle braking energy can be used for motor regenerative braking energy recovery to calculate formulas (6) and (7), and get P at this time. m , P l and P e This is equivalent to P in the above formula (1) B =P RB , P MB =0, where P B is the total braking power, P RB is the regenerative braking power, P MB is the friction power of the mechanical brake.

[0073] Then, the motor torque and vehicle speed curve are substituted into the above formula to calculate the regenerative braking (electric) power P in the future period of time. e Curve of changes over time.

[0074] The maximum allowable regenerative braking recovery power of the battery (i.e., the maximum allowable charging power of the battery) can be obtained from the battery characteristic table based on the measured battery temperature and battery state of charge SOC. When the actual regenerative braking power is greater than the maximum allowable regenerative braking recovery power of the battery, the difference between the two is the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power that can be consumed by the vehicle's electrical appliances. Substituting the speed curve of the entire prediction interval into the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power that can be consumed by the electrical appliances in the entire prediction interval over time can be calculated. The real-time battery temperature can be obtained by means of an appropriate sensor, such as a temperature sensor, and the battery state of charge SOC can be obtained by any method known in the art.

[0075] The control module is configured to input appropriate regenerative braking power into the electrical consumers of the vehicle at an appropriate time according to the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve from the calculation module.

[0076] Advantageously, when the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve in the future has been predicted, it is possible to plan in advance when to input the appropriate amount of regenerative braking energy into the electrical consumer. For example, based on the calculated regenerative braking power available to the electrical consumer of the vehicle in the future, and taking into account the power demand of the electrical consumer in the current state, the actual power of the current electrical consumer can be adaptively adjusted, so that more regenerative braking power can be used in the future.

[0077] Electrical appliances in a vehicle include electric heaters, electric compressors, and electronic water pumps (electric pumps), etc.

[0078] Taking the electric heater as an example, the system according to the present invention can calculate the heating power allowed to be consumed by the electric heater based on the real-time collected electric heater temperature, the coolant temperature in the circuit, the ambient temperature, the cockpit temperature, and the battery temperature, and use the braking energy that cannot be recovered due to battery charging limitations to supply the power demand of the electric heater. The temperature change of the coolant in the circuit is adjusted by the water pump in the electric heater and cockpit heat exchanger circuit, and the braking recovery energy consumed by the electric heater is brought into the cockpit to maintain the cockpit temperature, and / or used to heat the battery, ultimately using more braking energy not recovered by the battery while meeting the cockpit heating demand and / or battery temperature.

[0079] Since the intensity of the vehicle's braking behavior is not continuous and stable, and the duration of braking varies, if the regenerative braking energy is directly input into the electric heater, it may cause problems such as overheating of the electric heater, overheating of the medium in the heat exchange circuit, and excessive fluctuations in the temperature of heat-requiring components such as the cockpit or battery. To this end, according to the present invention, the braking moment and braking power of the vehicle in the future are predicted by the speed curve planned based on environmental information, and the allowable regenerative braking power is timely input into the electric heater and its heat exchange circuit under the premise of meeting the target required temperature of the cockpit or battery, so as to achieve the utilization of as much regenerative braking energy as possible and keep the temperature of the electric heater, the circuit medium and the components to be heated within a reasonable target range.

[0080] The heating power required by the electric heater can be calculated from the temperature difference between the actual temperature of the object to be heated and the target temperature. The greater the temperature difference, the greater the required heating power. Advantageously, in order to make more use of the regenerative braking power and use less battery power, after predicting the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power in the future, if the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power in the future is higher than the heating power currently required by the electric heater, the current actual heating power of the electric heater can be reduced, and the actual heating power of the electric heater can be increased when the future regenerative braking power arrives, thereby using more regenerative braking power for heating while reducing the use of energy in the battery for heating.

[0081] At the same time, the electronic water pump can generate different coolant flows through speed control, and the heat generated by the electric heater can be transferred to the cockpit or the battery through the flow of coolant to meet the heating needs of the cockpit or the battery.

[0082] The following specifically describes the method for recovering braking energy of a vehicle according to the present invention by taking an electric heater and an electronic water pump as examples. It should be understood that the method is also applicable to other electrical appliances.

[0083] like Figure 2 As shown in the schematic flow chart of , in step S01, the method first obtains information about the vehicle itself, including curb weight, wheel radius, transmission ratio of the powertrain, vehicle speed, mechanical efficiency of the powertrain, etc. Then, in step S02, the vehicle's environmental information is obtained in real time, including the vehicle's current location, the slope value of the road ahead, the road rolling resistance coefficient, curves, traffic congestion, intersections, speed-limited sections, etc. Steps S01 and S02 can be completed by an information collection module.

[0084] Then, the method enters step S03. In step S03, the vehicle speed is planned for a period of time in the future based on the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information. Then, in step S04, the planned vehicle speed is introduced into the vehicle dynamics model to predict the curve of the regenerative braking power of the motor over time in the future period of time. In step S04, the above-mentioned formulas (2) to (7) can be used for calculation.

[0085] Then, the method enters step S05. In step S05, the temperature of the electric heater, the temperature of the coolant in the circuit, the ambient temperature, the cabin temperature, the battery temperature and the battery state of charge SOC are collected in real time, and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery is obtained. Then, in step S06, the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power under the maximum allowable charging power limit of the battery is calculated over time in the future. The maximum possible regenerative braking residual power is the braking energy that can be input to the electrical appliance (here, the electric heater) of the vehicle.

[0086] Then, the method enters step S07. In step S07, the heating power required by the electric heater and the speed of the electronic water pump are calculated according to the temperature difference between the actual temperature of the object to be heated and the target temperature, for example, by a proportional control method. Finally, in step S08, the calculated speed requirement of the electronic water pump and the heating power requirement of the electric heater are sent to the corresponding actuator, and the regenerative braking energy consumed by the electric heater is delivered to the heat exchange circuit in the cockpit and / or to the heat exchange circuit of the battery, so as to heat or maintain the cockpit temperature and / or to increase or maintain the temperature of the power battery.

[0087] The system and method for recovering vehicle braking energy of the present invention are described above with the aid of specific embodiments. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the system and method of the present invention without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention. For example, the implementation of the present invention may not include some of the specific features described, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described, but rather any combination of the described features and elements may be envisioned. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosed wet road friction coefficient map generation system and method. The specification and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, with the true scope being represented by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for recovering braking energy of a vehicle, the method comprising: Obtain the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information in real time; Plan the vehicle speed curve for a period of time in the future based on the acquired environmental information and the vehicle's own information; Characterized in that the method further comprises: Calculating a curve of regenerative braking power changing with time in the future period of time based on the vehicle speed information and environmental information in the future period of time; Calculating a time-varying curve of the maximum possible regenerative braking surplus power in the future period of time based on the regenerative braking power and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, wherein the regenerative braking surplus power can be consumed by electrical appliances of the vehicle; and The regenerative braking power is input into the vehicle's electrical consumers according to the calculated maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method comprises: Calculating the power demand of the electrical appliance; adjusting the current power of the electrical appliance based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and The regenerative braking power is input into the electrical consumer within the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electrical consumer.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The electrical appliance is an electric heater, and the method comprises: Calculate the power requirements of electric heaters; reducing the current power of the electric heater based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and The regenerative braking power is input into the electric heater during the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electric heater.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The environmental information includes a road slope value, a road rolling resistance coefficient, a curve, traffic congestion, an intersection, and / or a speed limit section.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The maximum allowable charging power of the battery is calculated based on the real-time temperature of the battery and the state of charge of the battery.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The regenerative braking power in the future period is calculated by the following formula: F r =mgfcosα F s =mgsinα P e =P m -P l Among them, T m is the torque of the motor, i0 is the transmission ratio of the powertrain, η T is the mechanical efficiency of the powertrain, r is the wheel radius, F a is the air resistance, F r is the rolling resistance, F s is the slope resistance, m is the total mass of the vehicle, is the vehicle acceleration, g is the gravity constant, f is the road rolling resistance coefficient, α is the road slope angle, C d is the air resistance coefficient, A is the frontal area of ​​the vehicle, P m is the mechanical power during motor regenerative braking, v is the vehicle speed, P l is the power lost during the power generation process, P e is the regenerative braking power that needs to be calculated.

7. A system for recovering braking energy of a vehicle, the system comprising: An information collection module is used to obtain the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information in real time; The vehicle speed planning module is used to plan the vehicle speed curve for a period of time in the future based on the vehicle's environmental information and the vehicle's own information; The computing module is configured as follows: - calculating a curve of regenerative braking power changing with time in the future period of time based on the vehicle speed information and environmental information in the future period of time; and - calculating a time-varying curve of the maximum possible regenerative braking surplus power in the future period based on the regenerative braking power and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, wherein the regenerative braking surplus power can be consumed by electrical appliances of the vehicle; and A control module inputs the regenerative braking power to the electrical consumers of the vehicle according to the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power curve from the calculation module.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The calculation module is further configured to calculate the power demand of the electrical appliance, and the control module is configured to: adjusting the current power of the electrical appliance based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and The regenerative braking power is input into the electrical consumer within the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electrical consumer.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The electrical appliance is an electric heater, wherein the calculation module is further configured to calculate the power requirement of the electric heater, and the control module is configured to: reducing the current power of the electric heater based on the maximum possible regenerative braking residual power within the future period of time; and The regenerative braking power is input into the electric heater during the future period of time to meet the power demand of the electric heater.

10. The system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that The environmental information includes a road slope value, a road rolling resistance coefficient, a curve, traffic congestion, an intersection, and / or a speed limit section.

11. The system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that The calculation module is configured to calculate the maximum allowable charging power of the battery based on the real-time temperature of the battery and the state of charge of the battery.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a system according to any one of claims 7 to 11.

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