Mixed fiber filament superfine fiber non-woven material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of superfine fiber non-woven materials, and provides a preparation method of a mixed fiber filament superfine fiber non-woven material, the viscosity of a polymer B is controlled to be lower than that of a polymer C, and the polymer C is coated with the polymer B, so that sea-island fibers are obtained; the polymer B which is different from the polymer A and the polymer C is adopted, so that all the polymer B can be dissolved in the extraction process, the fiber diameter of the sea-island fiber is effectively reduced while compounding of the sea-island fiber and the split fiber is realized, and close accumulation of the split fiber is avoided; the size effect and the surface effect of the non-woven material are improved. The result of the embodiment shows that the mixed filament superfine fiber non-woven material prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has the air permeability of 550mm / s, the moisture permeability of 6000 g / (m < 2 >. 24h), the thickness of 0.34 mm and the softness of 5.2 mm.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafine fiber nonwoven materials, in particular to a mixed fiber filament ultrafine fiber nonwoven material and its preparation method and application. Background technique

[0002] Due to the size effect and surface effect brought about by the thinning of fiber diameter, ultrafine fiber nonwoven materials have the characteristics of large specific surface area, high porosity, and good pore connectivity. They have been widely used in medical and health care, filtration and separation, safety protection, Fields such as vehicles and geotechnical construction have become an important part of the current strategic new materials, and are the focus and foreword of the global fiber material field.

[0003] At present, the preparation methods of ultrafine fiber nonwoven materials mainly include melt blown method, electrospinning method, flash method and composite spinning method. Among them, the composite spin...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0029] The invention provides a kind of preparation method of mixed filament superfine fiber nonwoven material, comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1) Polymer A is melted to obtain the first melt;

[0031] (2) Polymer B and polymer C are mixed and melted to obtain a second melt; the polymer B is different from polymer A and polymer C; the viscosity of the polymer B is lower than that of polymer C viscosity;

[0032] (3) the first melt obtained in the step (1) and the second melt obtained in the step (2) are respectively passed through the spinneret and composited into matrix fibril type composite filaments, and then formed into a web, Obtain matrix fibril type composite filament fiber network;

[0033] (4) The matrix fibril-type composite filament fiber web obtained in the step (3) is sequentially opened and consolidated to obtain a split-off composite fiber nonwoven material;

[0034] (5) The split-type composite fiber nonwoven material obtained in the step (4) is seq...

Embodiment 1

[0075] Mixed fiber filament superfine fiber nonwoven material, composed of polyethylene terephthalate fiber with orange segment shape and diameter of 3000-5000nm and polyethylene terephthalate fiber with round shape of cross-section and diameter of 100-1500nm Composed of polyamide 6 fibers.

[0076] Preparation Process:

[0077] (1) Add polyethylene terephthalate to a single-screw extruder through a hopper for segmental melting to obtain a first melt; wherein, the temperature of segmental melting is 295° C.;

[0078] (2) After mixing low-density polyethylene and polyamide 6 in a mass ratio of 7:3, they are added to a twin-screw extruder through another hopper for segmental melting to obtain a second melt; wherein, the segmental melting The temperature is 270 ° C; the viscosity difference between low-density polyethylene and polyamide 6 is 2.05 Pa s; the apparent viscosity ratio of polyethylene terephthalate and low-density polyethylene is 1.0;

[0079] (3) The first melt tha...

Embodiment 2

[0084] Mixed fiber filament superfine fiber nonwoven material, composed of polyethylene terephthalate fiber with orange segment shape and diameter of 3000-5000nm and polyethylene terephthalate fiber with round shape of cross-section and diameter of 100-1500nm Polyamide 6 fiber composition;

[0085] The difference from Example 1 is that the low-density polyethylene is replaced by cellulose acetate butyrate.

[0086] Figure 4 SEM image of the cross-section of the mixed filament superfine fiber nonwoven material prepared for this example. Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the pie-shaped fibers are uniformly mixed with the round fibers to form a mixed filament ultrafine fiber nonwoven material.

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafine fiber nonwoven materials, in particular to a mixed fiber filament ultrafine fiber nonwoven material and its preparation method and application. Background technique

[0002] Due to the size effect and surface effect brought about by the thinning of fiber diameter, ultrafine fiber nonwoven materials have the characteristics of large specific surface area, high porosity, and good pore connectivity. They have been widely used in medical and health care, filtration and separation, safety protection, Fields such as vehicles and geotechnical construction have become an important part of the current strategic new materials, and are the focus and foreword of the global fiber material field.

[0003] At present, the preparation methods of ultrafine fiber nonwoven materials mainly include melt blown method, electrospinning method, flash method and composite spinning method. Among them, the composite spin...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0029] The invention provides a kind of preparation method of mixed filament superfine fiber nonwoven material, comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1) Polymer A is melted to obtain the first melt;

[0031] (2) Polymer B and polymer C are mixed and melted to obtain a second melt; the polymer B is different from polymer A and polymer C; the viscosity of the polymer B is lower than that of polymer C viscosity;

[0032] (3) the first melt obtained in the step (1) and the second melt obtained in the step (2) are respectively passed through the spinneret and composited into matrix fibril type composite filaments, and then formed into a web, Obtain matrix fibril type composite filament fiber network;

[0033] (4) The matrix fibril-type composite filament fiber web obtained in the step (3) is sequentially opened and consolidated to obtain a split-off composite fiber nonwoven material;

[0034] (5) The split-type composite fiber nonwoven material obtained in the step (4) is seq...

Embodiment 1

[0075] Mixed fiber filament superfine fiber nonwoven material, composed of polyethylene terephthalate fiber with orange segment shape and diameter of 3000-5000nm and polyethylene terephthalate fiber with round shape of cross-section and diameter of 100-1500nm Composed of polyamide 6 fibers.

[0076] Preparation Process:

[0077] (1) Add polyethylene terephthalate to a single-screw extruder through a hopper for segmental melting to obtain a first melt; wherein, the temperature of segmental melting is 295° C.;

[0078] (2) After mixing low-density polyethylene and polyamide 6 in a mass ratio of 7:3, they are added to a twin-screw extruder through another hopper for segmental melting to obtain a second melt; wherein, the segmental melting The temperature is 270 ° C; the viscosity difference between low-density polyethylene and polyamide 6 is 2.05 Pa s; the apparent viscosity ratio of polyethylene terephthalate and low-density polyethylene is 1.0;

[0079] (3) The first melt tha...

Embodiment 2

[0084] Mixed fiber filament superfine fiber nonwoven material, composed of polyethylene terephthalate fiber with orange segment shape and diameter of 3000-5000nm and polyethylene terephthalate fiber with round shape of cross-section and diameter of 100-1500nm Polyamide 6 fiber composition;

[0085] The difference from Example 1 is that the low-density polyethylene is replaced by cellulose acetate butyrate.

[0086] Figure 4 SEM image of the cross-section of the mixed filament superfine fiber nonwoven material prepared for this example. Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the pie-shaped fibers are uniformly mixed with the round fibers to form a mixed filament ultrafine fiber nonwoven material.

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